Durand

PHY 134 Sample Test 3 (Ch 11 - 15) Name

_________________

This is a closed book exam. You may also have one 8.5 x 11 study sheet, a
permitted equation sheet, Table of the Elements, and a calculator. Good Luck!
For all problems, provide an equation and a sentence describing your technique.
1. Ch. 11 Solid State: Starting with E = - e2 k / R + A/ Rn (set the first
derivative to zero) find the binding energy of an ion in a crystal, i.e. B =
e2 k R0-1[1- n-1].

2. Ch. 11 Magnetic effects: Given that the number of free electrons per unit volume
is 5.90x1028 m-3, calculate the paramagnetic susceptibility for gold.

3. Ch. 12 Nuclear Structure: Ordinary potassium contains 0.012 percent of the

radioactive isotope 40K, which has a half-life of 1.3 x 109 years. What is
the activity or 1.0 kg of potassium?

4. Ch. 12 Nuclear Alpha Decay, Q: In the alpha decay of

226

Ra (originally at

222

rest, 226.025410 u) to
Rn (m = 222.017578 u), an alpha particle (m
= 4.002603 u) is emitted with a kinetic energy of 4.785 MeV. The
masses given here are atomic masses.(a) Find the recoil kinetic
energy of the

222

Rn and the total energy released in the decay.

5. Ch. 13 Nuclear Reactions: What is the threshold kinetic energy for a proton
incident on a 4He nucleus at rest? [Recall that x is the incident
particle, hitting a stationary X particle.]

6. Ch. 13 Nuclear Reactions: An alpha particle of mass m and kinetic energy K

makes an elastic head-on collision with an argon atom of mass M at
rest. Find the loss in kinetic energy of the alpha particle.

[mHe = 4.002603, M = mAr = 39.962383 u, K = 2.5 MeV]

7. Ch. 14 Elementary Particles: Supply the missing particle below and
explain why (which conservation laws require it):
- + p

0 + K0 + ______

because ________________________________________________________
8. Ch. 14 Elementary Particles: Find the kinetic energies of each of the
two product particles K0 + + [Rest energies: 498 MeV for The K meson, and 140 MeV for each pion.]

9. Ch. 15 Cosmology: Use Hubbles law and the Doppler formula to

estimate the wavelength of the 590.0 nm sodium line as
9

observed from a galaxy that is 1.0 x 10 light years away.

[Recall = [(1+ v/c)/(1-v/c)]

10. Ch. 15 Cosmology (Choose the best answer): Big Bang Cosmology
says:
(a) All matter and energy blasted outward and is continuing to move
outward.
(b) In the beginning there was an equal amount of matter and
antimatter.
(c) The rate of expansion is constant, so Hubbles law works
everywhere.
(d) There was a sudden inflation of the universe between 10-35 s and
10-32 s.
Answers to PHY134 ST3
1. Starting with E = - e2 k / R + A/ Rn
So dE/dR = e2 k / R2 - A/ Rn+1 =0 at R = R0

So e2 k / R02 = A/ R0n+1 and A = e2 k R0n-1/n

E = - e2 k / R + e2 k R0n-1/(n Rn) = - e2 k R-1 [1- n-1(R0/ R) n-1]
The binding energy is B = - E(R0) = e2 k R0-1[1- n-1]

2. For gold, the number of free electrons per unit volume is

N/V = NA/ M = (19.3x103 kg/m3 )(6.02x1023 atoms/mole) /0.197
kg/mole
= 5.90x1028 m-3

= 3 0 B2 /(2 EF) N/V

= 3(4 x10-7 T m/A)(9.27x10-24 J/T) (5.90x108 m ) /[2(5.53 eV)(1.6x 10-19 J/eV)]
= 10.8x10-6
3. N = [1000 g/ (39.1 g/mole)] (6.022 10
N = 1.54 10

25

23

atoms/mole)

atoms

21
40
Of these, 0.012% or 1.85 10 are radioactive K.
The activity isa = N = 0.693/t N
9
7
21
4 1
a = 0.693/[(1.310 y)(3.15610 s/y)] 1.8510 = 3.110 s
= 0.85 Ci
4. (a) 0.086 MeV, 4.871 MeV (b) 226.025410 u
1
4
5. K =Q(1+m(x) / m(X)) = Q(1+m( H) / m( He)) =
= (18.353MeV) [1+ 1.0078u / 4.002603u] = 22.974MeV
6. [mHe = 4.002603, M = mAr = 39.962383 u, K = 2.5 MeV]
K = K [4m/M /(1 + m/M)]
= 2.5 MeV {[4 (4.002603)/ 39.962383] /(1+4.002603/39.962383) 2} = 2.5 (.33101)
= 0.8275 MeV

7.

- + p

0 + K0 + K0

because baryon # is conserved, charge is conserved, meson # doesnt

have to be conserved, and no more charge is needed.
8. The pions have equal and opposite momentum, and equal energies.
[Rest energies: 498 MeV for The K meson, and 140 MeV for each pion.]
Energy conservation: EKmeson 2 E = 2K

so K = 498/2 - 140 = 109 MeV

9
9. d = 1.0 10 light-years = 307 Mpc,
v = Hd = (72 km/s/Mpc)(307 Mpc) = 22,100 km/s = 7.37 10
= [(1+ v/c)/(1-v/c)] =(590.0 nm) (1+ 7.76 x 10

10.

)/( 1 - 7.76 x 10

) =637.1nm

There was a sudden inflation of the universe between 10-35 s and

10-32 s.