Name of the Work:- Construction of High Level Bridge on Local Vage at Km 3/0 to 3/2 on the Road from Kalavalla

(V) to Viswanadhapuram (V) Via V.R.Kota of Lingasamudram Mandal of Prakasam District.

Abutment Design
Skew angle
Bridge outer to outer width
Total span length
Eff.Span length
Length of abutment
Deck thickness
MFL
Vertical clearance
RCL
Bottom of deck
Sill level
Trep.footing thickness
Raft top level

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

as per BD/2-74

15
8.450
9.049
8.666
8.748
0.700
99.200
1.050
101.050
100.250
96.980
1.000
95.980
0.100

deg in skew
M normal
M
M
M
M
M

101.050

RCL

0.800
0.700
0.300

100.250
0.750
0.700

100.250

Bottom of deck
Bed block top

99.200

MFL

99.950

0.750
0.978

2.970
2.220
1.800

96.980

2.800
Raft

Dead load of super structure for 1 span :

deck slab =
kerbs
Hand rails
wearing coat

9.049
9.049
9.049
9.049

(8.15+8.45)/2
8.30 0.70 x 2.4 =
0.45 0.275 x 2.4 x 2 =
0.30 t/Rm =
7.5 0.075 x 2.4 =

Dead Load reaction on Abutement ( as per above calculations)

Load per neter run
Live load of super structure:
Live load ( as per Most 9.00m span in normal ) =

=
=

126.17
5.37
2.71
12.22
146.48 T

73.24
T
73.24/8.748 =

132.890 -

77.390

sill level
1.000
95.980

8.372 T

55.500

Since, the height of the abutment is less than 3.0, the effect of impact is considered.
for Max LL condition, Additional reaction

=
=

+ 14x (1.20+0.100+0.70) /8.666

3.231 T

Maximum L.L + Impact + Vertical reaction per meter run

(55.500+3.231)/8.748 =

6.713 T

Calculation of overturning moments:( 1 ) Braking Force:For Min.LL condition (70R tracked load =70T)
Braking Force on abutment per meter run
Long moment at sill level

=
=

14/ 2 /8.748
0.800x(100.250-96.980) =

0.800 T
2.616 T-M

( 2 ) Due to temp. & shrinkage:Frictional force per meter run

Moment at sill level

=
=

8.372 x 0.50 =
4.186x(100.250-96.980) =

4.186 T
13.688 T-M

( 3 ) Wind Force:Height of deck in elevation

Depth of kerb (0.275)
R.L of bottom of deck
R.L of cg of deck in elevation

=
=

0.70 +.275+0.77/2
1.360 M

=
=

100.250
100.250 + 1.360 /2 =

100.930 M

R L of mean retarding surface is considered as sill level as per CI. 212.3 of IRC 6-2000,
Height
=
100.930-99.200 =
Intensity of wind pressure as per cl.212.3
H
P
0
40
2
52
For H =1.73 P =
40+(52-40)*(1.73-0)/2 =
Exposed area of deck
Wind Force on deck
Moment at sill level

=
=
=
=

1.730 M

50.38 kg/m2
9.049 x 1.360 =
(12.306) x 50.38/1000 =
0.620x(100.930-96.980) =

12.306 m2
0.620 T
2.449 T-M

wind force due to live load as per CI.212.4 of IRC 6-2000 on 70R tracked vehicle
wind force due to live load
=
0.30 x 7.92 =
This force is considered to act at 1.50m above RCL ie., RCL +101.050 +1.5 =
102.550
Moment at sill
=
2.376x(102.550-96.980) =

13.234 T-m

as per Cl. 212.4 of IRC 6-2000,

Total moment at sill

2.449+13.234 =

15.683 T-m

as per CI. 212.6 of, IRC 6-2000,

wind force on deck
wind force on deck
Moment at sill level

=
=
=

450 Kg/m2
9.049 x 0.45 =
4.072x(100.930-96.980) =

4.072 T
16.084 T-m

as per CI. 212.7 of, IRC 6-2000,

wind load on unloaded structure
Moment at sill level

=
=

12.306 x 0.24 =
2.953x(100.930-96.980) =

2.953 T
11.666 T-m

Therefore moments as per Cl.212.4 governs the design

assuming the wind direction at 45 deg, the moments due to wind are as follows
At sill
Long moment at sill level
=
per meter run
=
Trans moment at sill
=
per meter run
=
( 4 ) Earth Pressure Calculations:Soil properties at sill level
35o
Phi =
22.5o or 2/3 of 35o which ever is minimum
delta =
Beta=
0
90o
Alpha=
Ka =
0.246
Horizontal component of Ka = 0.246 Cos (90 - 90 +22.5) =
At sill level
Intensity of earth pressure due to earth fill = 0.227 x 1.8 x 4.07 =
Due to LL surcharge = 0.227 x 1.8 x 1.20

16.084
2.573
16.084
5.308

2.376 T

x0.50x0.32=
/ 8.748 =
x0.50x0.66=
/ 8.748 =

2.573
0.294
5.308
0.607

0.491

101.050

0.227

4.070

1.665 T/sqm
0.491 T/sqm

96.980
1.665

Moment due to earth pressure at sill level.

=
0.491 x 4.070 x (4.070 x 0.5)+1/2 x 1.665 x 4.070 x(0.42 x 4.070)
=
9.857 T-M
Moment due to fluid pressure

=
=

Hence earth pressure governs the design.

0.48 x
5.394

4.070 ^3
6
<

T-m
T-m/Rm
T-m
T-m/Rm

9.857

T-m

Moments due to live load eccentricity

Longitudinal eccentricity
Transverse eccentricity
a) Max. LL incl. Vertical reaction due to BF
Due to longitudinal eccentricity, MLL

=
=
=
=
=
=
=

Due to Transverse eccentricity, MLT

0.195 x sec 15 =
(7.50/2-1.2-2.9/2)x sec 15 =
58.731 t
58.731
x
11.857 tm
58.731
x
66.885 tm

above sill level

1 Dead load on Pier from super structure
(1.80 - 0.31-0.195) sec 15 =
2 Max.LL reaction
(1.80 - 0.31-0.195) sec 15 =
3 abutment backing/dirt wall
8.748 x 0.30 x 0.70 x 2.40
(1.80 -0.3/2) sec 15 =
abutment cap
8.748 x 0.75 x 0.3 x 2.40
(1.80 -0.75/2) sec 15 =

Load
0% (T)
=
73.239

0.202
1.139 m
0.202
1.139

Moment
15% (T)
0% (T-m) 15% (T-m)
73.239
98.193
98.193

1.341
=

58.731

58.731

78.742

78.742

4.409

4.409

7.532

7.532

4.563

4.563

6.732

6.732

10.203

10.203

15.317

15.317

2.024

2.024

30.592

30.592

42.187

35.859

57.265

48.675

17.738

15.077

10.066

8.556

213.095

204.106

304.439

294.340

1.341

1.708

1.475

4 abutment above MFL

Rectangular portion
8.748x (0.70) x 0.75 x 2.30
(1.80 -0.70/2) sec 15 =
1.501
traingular portion
1/2 x 8.748 x (0.978-0.70) x 0.75 x 2.30
(1.80-((0.978-0.70)/3+0.70))sec15 = 15.111
abutment below MFL
5 Rectangular portion
8.748 x (0.978) x 2.22 x 2.30
(1.80 - 0.978/2) sec 15 =
1.357
traingular portion
1/2 x 8.748 x (1.80-0.978) x 2.22 x 2.30
(1.8-((1.8 -0.978)/3+0.978))sec15 =
0.568

Total load upto sill

=
Total load upto sill considering the 15% buoyancy =
Eccentricity from sill

213.095 t
204.106 t
304.439
-----------------213.095

Eccentricity about the centre line at sill level =

1.429
=

Total Net Resisting moment about centre

below sill level

6 trep.Footing
Rectangular portion
8.748 x (1.80) x 1.00 x 2.30
(2.80-1.80/2) sec15 =
1.9671
traingular portion
1/2 x 8.748 x1.00 x (2.80-1.80) x 2.30
(2.80-((2.80 -1.80)/3+1.80)))sec15=
0.690

1.429 M

1.864
2

0.497 M

=
=

213.095
105.883 t-m

0.497

34.983

29.736

68.814

58.492

9.718

8.260

6.707

5.701

257.795

242.102

379.961

358.533

Total load upto raft top level

=
Total load upto raft top level excluding Live load

257.795 t
199.064 t

Tabulation of OTM @ sill level

Component
S.No
1
2
3
4
5

Maximum L.L
ML
MT
22.890
0.000
119.746
0.000
86.235
0.000
2.573
5.308
66.885
228.871
66.885
231.444
72.193

Braking force
Temp & shrinkage
earth pressure
Wind force
Live load eccentricity
Total OTM without wind
Total OTM with wind

Sectional properties
Area of abutment at sill, A

=
=

8.748
15.747 m2

ZL

ZT

8.748 x
6
1.800
6

Check for the stresses at sill level:( I ) For maximum L.L condition
(a) with wind
Total vertcal loads =
Total longitudinal moments =
=
Total transverse moments =
stresses = P/A + ML/ZL + MT/ZT =
Maximum stress =
Minimum stress =
(b) without wind
Total vertcal loads =
Total longitudinal moments =
=
Total transverse moments =
stresses = P/A + ML/ZL + MT/ZT =
Maximum stress =
Minimum stress =

231.444
125.561

1.800

1.8 ^2 =

4.724 m3

x 8.748 ^2 =

22.96 m3

204.106 t
-

105.883
t-m
=
72.193 t-m
(204.106/15.747) + (125.561/4.724) + (72.193/22.96)
=
42.685 T/sqm
=
-16.762 T/sqm
< 40 t/sqm
204.106 t
-

105.883 t-m
t-m
=
66.885 t-m
(204.106/15.747) + (122.988/4.724) + (66.885/22.96)
=
41.909 T/sqm
=
-15.986 T/sqm
< 40 t/sqm
228.871
122.988