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Probability

Problem : If a coin is flipped twice, what is the probability that it will land heads at least once?

After a typist has written ten letters and had addressed the ten corresponding envelopes, a careless
mailing clerk inserted the letters in the envelopes at random, one letter per envelope. What is the
probability that exactly nine letters were inserted in the proper envelopes?

You roll two 6-sided dice. Let E be the event that the total number of dots on the dice is
10. Let F be the event that at least one die is a 3.
1. Write down the event sets for E and F.
2. Determine the probabilities for E and F.
3. Are E and F mutually exclusive? Why or why not?

A bag contains r red balls, b blue balls and y yellow balls. What is the probability that a ball
drawn from the bag at random is yellow?

A packet has yellow and pink sweets. The probability of taking out a pink sweet is 712. What is
the probability of taking out a yellow sweet?

In a class of 37 children, 15 children walk to school, 20 children have pets at home and 12
children who have a pet at home also walk to school. How many children walk to school and do
not have a pet at home?

You flip a coin 4 times. What is the probability that you get 2 heads and 2 tails? Write down the
sample space and the event set to determine the probability of this event.

n a group of 42 pupils, all but 3 had a packet of chips or a Fanta or both. If 23 had a packet of
chips and 7 of these also had a Fanta, what is the probability that one pupil chosen at random
has: only Fanta

The surface of a soccer ball is made up of 32 faces. 12 faces are regular pentagons,
each with a surface area of about 37 cm2. The other 20 faces are regular hexagons, each
with a surface area of about 56 cm2.

You roll the soccer ball. What is the probability that it stops with a pentagon touching the
ground?

A bag contains only red and blue marbles. Yasmine takes one marble at random
from the bag. The probability that she takes a red marble is 1 in 5. Yasmine
returns the marble to the bag and adds ve more red marbles to the bag. The
probability that she takes one red marble at random is now 1 in 3. How many red
marbles were originally in the bag?

The question told pupils that Hannah had a bag containing a total of n sweets of which 6 were
orange. It said the chances of Hannah picking two orange sweets one after the other was one
third and then said use that to prove that n-n-90=0.

Two squares are chosen at random from a chessboard. What is the probability that they
have a side in common?

What is the probability that a 2 digit number chosen at random will be a multiple of 3 but
not of 5?

Question 6: When 4 dice are thrown, what is the probability that the same number appears on each of them?

Question 7: An experiment succeeds twice as often as it fails. What is the probability that in the next 5 trials there will be
four successes?

Question 8: An anti aircraft gun can fire four shots at a time. If the probabilities of the first, second, third and the last shot
hitting the enemy aircraft are 0.7, 0.6, 0.5 and 0.4, what is the probability that four shots aimed at an enemy aircraft will
bring the aircraft down?

Question 10: A man can hit a target once in 4 shots. If he fires 4 shots in succession, what is the probability that he will hit
his target?

A vessel is filled with liquid, 3 parts of which are water and 5 parts syrup. How much
of the mixture must be drawn off and replaced with water so that the mixture may be
half water and half syrup?

There are some children on a school


ground, a square has been drawn and
children are standing on a squares four
lines, they are standing with same
distance, four children are standing on
four corners. No 16 Is exactly opposite
No 6. How many children are there?

all

a
of

One person had some money. he gave one rupee to beggar and half of the
remaining money was spent for buy something. same thing happened second day he
gave one rupee to beggar from remaining money of first day. this continued on the six
day he had 0 rupee, then how much money he had on first day?

a person sells book at a discount of 20% on the mark price and he gives 1 book free on
very 11 books brought and still makes a profit of 10%.Find at what % above cost price
is the marked price ?

Problem 1. In the equation 30 33 = 3 move one digit to make it


correct.

Problem 2. A patient got two pills for his headache and two pills for his
cough. He was supposed to use one of each type of pill today and do the
same tomorrow. The pills all looked the same. By mistake, the patient
mixed up the pills. How should he use them so that he follows the
prescription exactly?

Problem 5. There are four balloons: red, blue, green and black. Some
of the balloons might be magical. There is also a detector box that can
say how many balloons out of the ones put inside are magical. How can
you find all the magical balloons using the detector box not more than
three times?

Problem 6. Three runners started their loops at the same time at the
same place on the same track. After some time they ended at their
starting point together. The fastest runner passed the slowest runner 23
times. Assuming each runner has a constant speed, how many times was
one runner passed by another runner in total?

Problem 1. There are 6 glasses on the table in a row. The first three are empty, and the last
three are filled with water. How can you make it so that the empty and full glasses alternate,
if you are allowed to touch only one of the glasses? (You cant push one glass with another.)

Problem 2. If it is raining at midnight, with what probability will there be sunshine in 144
hours?

Problem 3. How can you fill a cylindrical pan exactly half-full of water?

Problem 4. The Jackal always lies; the Lion always tells the truth. The Parrot repeats the
previous answerunless he is the first to answer, in which case he babbles randomly. The
Giraffe replies truthfully, but to the previous question directed to him: his first answer he
chooses randomly. The Wise Hedgehog in the fog stumbled upon the Jackal, the Lion, the
Parrot, and the Giraffe, although the fog prevented him from seeing them clearly. He decided
to figure out the order in which they were standing. After he asked everyone in order, Are
you the Jackal? he was only able to figure out where the Giraffe was. After that he asked
everyone, Are you the Giraffe? in the same order, and figured out where the Jackal was.
But he still didnt have the full picture. He started the next round of questions, asking
everyone, Are you the Parrot? After the first one answered Yes, the Hedgehog understood
the order. What is the order?

One day you meet your friend Alice enjoying a nice walk with her
husband Bob and their son Carl. They are excited to see you and
they invite you to their party.
Alice: Please, come to our party on Sunday at our place at 632 Elm St. in Watertown.
Bob: My wife likes exaggerating and multiplies every number she mentions by 2.
Carl: My dad compensates for my moms exaggerations and divides every number he
mentions by 4.

Alice: Our son is not like us at all. He doesnt multiply or divide. He just
adds 8 to every number he mentions.

Where is the party?

I thought of a positive integer that is below 100 and is divisible


by 7. In addition to the public knowledge above, I privately tell
the units digit of my number to Alice and the tens digit to Bob.
Alice and Bob are very logical people, but their conversation
might seem strange:
Alice: You do not know Tanyas number.

Bob: I know Tanyas number.

You have six bags of coins that look the same. Each bag has an infinite number of coins and
all the coins in the same bag weigh the same amount. Each different bag contains coins of a
different weight, ranging from 1 to 6 grams exactly. There is a label (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
attached to each bag that is supposed to correspond to the weight of the coins in that bag.
You have only a balance scale. What is the least number of times you need to weigh the
coins in order to confirm that the labels are correct?

Let us call a natural number awesome if it can be represented


as ab + ba, where a and b are natural numbers. For example,
number 57 is awesome as 57 = 25 + 52. Is 2014 awesome?

Eight boys and seven girls went to movies and sat in the same row of 15 seats.
Assuming that all the 15! permutations of their seating arrangements are equally
probable, compute the expected number of pairs of neighbors of different
genders.

There are M green and N red apples in a basket. We take apples out randomly
one by one until all the apples left in the basket are red. What is the probability
that at the moment we stop the basket is empty?

The children A, B, C and D made the following assertions.

A: B, C and D are girls.

B: A, C and D are boys.

C: A and B are lying.

D: A, B and C are telling the truth.

How many of the children were lying?

In a game, each spinner is spun once and the results are added
The probability that the sum is an even number is?

A jar contains 3 chcolate chip cookies and x oatmeal cookies. Two cookies are pulled from the jar without
replacement. An expression that represents the probability of one cookie being a chocolate chip and the
second one being an oatmeal one is?

If a fair six-sided dice is tossed twice, what is the probability that the first toss will be a number less than 4
and the second toss be a number greater than 4?

Three different DVDs and their corresponding cases are randomly strewn about on a table. A child puts
the DVDs into the cases at random. What is the probability that each DVD has gone into its correct case?

In a competition, the probability that team A wins over team B is 3/5 and the probability that team C wins
over Team D is 4/7. If the probabilities are independent, the probability that team A wins and team C
loses is?

A 5 digit PIN number can begin with any digit (except zero) and the remaining digits have no restriction. If
repeated digits are allowed, the probability of a randomly picked PIN code beginning with a 7 and ending
with an 8 is?

The diagram shows the results of a game where discs are thrown into two
circles: the value of P(A) = ?

Two cards are drawn at random without replacement from a deck of 52 cards. The probability of the first
card being a red face card and the second being a club is?

In a particular city, 82% of the residents have a desktop computer, 47% have a desktop and a laptop
computer and 3% have neither a desktop nor a laptop computer. The probability that a randomly
selected home has a laptop computer is?

There are 12 runners in a marathon race. A person may bet on the race by correctly predicting the top
three runners AND the order in which they finish the race in. All runners have an equal chance of winning.
So what is the probability that a single bet will win?

Bag A contains four metal balls (darker) and six glass balls (lighter). Bag B contains five metal balls and
two glass balls. In a game, a person rolls a die to determine which bag to pull a ball out of. If the die rolls a
1 or 2, the ball is picked up from bag A. if the die comes up 3, 4, 5 or 6, the ball is picked up from bag B.
-

The probability of selecting a metal ball is?


If a metal ball is selected, the probability that it was pulled out from bag B is?
If two balls are pulled out from bag B without replacement, the probability that they are both
made of the same material is?

A survey determines that in a particular town, 33% of the residents jog, 42% bike and 12% do both
activities. The probability that a randomly selected town person does neither activity is?

Five cards are dealt from a standard pack of 52 cards. The probability of obtaining 2 black cards and 3 red
face cards is?

A trick coin is designed in such a way that it will land heads 5 times out of 8. If the coin is flipped 3 times,
the probability that the first two flips are heads and the third flip is a tails is ?

If a five card hand is dealt from a pack of 52 cards, the probability that the hand contains exactly one
heart is? What is the probability of the hand containing at least one heart?

A grocery store obtains 35% of its produce from vendor A and 65% of its produce from vendor B. it is
expected that spoilage will result in 12% of vendor As and 17% of vendor Bs produce to be discarded.
The probability that a randomly picked produce came from vendor A, given that it was picked from the
discard pile is?

Seven people are randomly selected from a group of 10 men and 11 women to form a committee. The
probability that exactly 5 males are on the committee is?

Five balls are drawn without replacement from a bag containing 3 metal balls and 5 glass balls. The
probability of at least 3 glass balls being drawn is?

A bookcase contains 6 different math books and 12 different physics books. If a student randomly selects
two of these books, the probability that are both either math books or both physics books is?

How many outcomes are possible if you choose from 6 ice cream flavours, 3 sauces, 2 toppings; a waffle
cone or a cup?

Find the probability that a leap year selected at random will contain 53 Sundays?

On Monday, a marine biologist took a random sample of 50 fish from a pond, tagged them and put them back in the
pond. On Tuesday, he took a new sample of 100 fish. among those 100 fish were the 4 fish that had been tagged on
Monday. Based on this information, how many fish would the biologist estimate to be in the pond?

Four die are rolled sequentially. What is the probability of the first dice showing a six and thereafter all the dice
showing an odd number?

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