Junior Secondary Exploring Geography

Question Bank

Part 5
Fill in the blanks

1
________________ Climate refers to the average weather conditions over many years.
2
Gradient is the ratio of the vertical distance to the ________________ ________________
horizontal distance.
3
To build roads and buildings on slopes will increase slope ________________ gradient and also
add ________________ weights to slopes.
4
Slope materials are affected by two sets of forces, they are ________________ gravitational force
and ________________ resisting force.
5
Water ________________ reduces the friction of the slope and cohesion of slope materials, it also
________________ adds weight to the slope materials.
6
Most places in South China have ________________ four seasons.
7
Contour lines that are wide apart show ________________ gentle slopes. Those that are close
together show ________________ steep slopes.
8
Landslides refer to the sudden and rapid movement of ________________ soil or
________________ rocks from slopes.
9
The earths surface is divided up into pieces of rock mass, these pieces are called
________________ plates.
10
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Junior Secondary Exploring Geography

Question Bank

Part 5
Fill in the blanks

The plates are not only made up of the earths crust, but also the upper part of the
________________ mantle.
11
The difference in height between two contour lines is called the ________________
________________ vertical interval.
12
The Hong Kong Observatory will issue the ________________ black rainstorm warning signal if
rainfall is expected to be more than 70 mm per hour.
13
The ________________ height of land and the ________________ shape it takes is called relief.
14
________________ ________________ Contour lines can show the height, the shape, and the
steepness of slopes.
15
In Hong Kong, the most common extreme weather conditions in summer are ________________
typhoons and ________________ rainstorms.
16
A typhoon is also called a ________________ ________________ tropical cyclone/storm.
17
The movement of plates is caused by the ________________ convection of magma in the mantle.
18
Designing ________________ earthquake-proof buildings and strengthening roads and bridges can
help reduce the number of injuries and deaths.
19
Earthquakes refer to the violent shaking of the ________________ land.

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Junior Secondary Exploring Geography

Question Bank

Part 5
Fill in the blanks

20
More developed countries have ________________ more money and advanced technologies to
cope with natural hazards.
21
Resisting force includes ________________ cohesion of slope materials and ________________
friction.
22
Most of the typhoons that affect Hong Kong and the eastern coast of Asia are formed over the
ocean near the ________________ Philippines.
23
Hong Kong and South China have a ________________ monsoon climate.
24
When the ________________ gravitational force is greater than the ________________ resisting
force, slopes become unstable and collapse.
25
Many areas in Hong Kong are made up of ________________ granite. It is easily
_______________ weathered, thus results in landslides.
26
The ________________ ________________ ________________ Geotechnical Engineering Office
checks and maintains slopes regularly in Hong Kong.
27
The north-east winter ________________ monsoon blows from cool and dry ________________
inland areas. This brings a cool and dry winter to Hong Kong and South China.
28
The harmful effects caused by earthquakes can be divided into ________________ direct and
________________ indirect effects.

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Junior Secondary Exploring Geography

Question Bank

Part 5
Fill in the blanks

29
Less developed countries do not have enough money to set up good ________________
monitoring and ________________ warning systems to cope with natural hazards.
30
The ________________ nature of the hazard and the ________________ background of the
affected area determine the extent of damage caused by natural hazards.
31
________________ ________________ Plate boundary is the narrow zone between two moving
plates.
32
Natural events become ________________ ________________ natural hazards when they cause
loss of life and property.
33
The way of using different colours to show the relief of land is called ________________
colouring.
34
Vegetation on slopes ________________ increases resisting force as plants roots hold the slope
materials together.
35
Heavy rain brought by typhoons may trigger natural hazards such as ________________ flooding
and landslides in Hong Kong.
36
Along plate boundaries, plates move ________________ towards, apart from or
________________ past each other.
37
Peoples awareness about earthquakes can be increased through education and carrying out regular
________________ ________________ earthquake drills.
38
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Junior Secondary Exploring Geography

Question Bank

Part 5
Fill in the blanks

People will consider possible ________________ gains and ________________ losses when
deciding whether to stay in or leave a place that is prone to hazards.

Oxford University Press (China) Ltd 2012

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