M Elvira Garrido de la Torre

Carlos Hidalgo Signes

Jorge Ivn Preciado Romero

Ensayos de Mecnica de Suelos

Prcticas de Geotecnia

EDITORIAL
UNIVERSITAT POLITCNICA DE VALNCIA

Los contenidos de esta publicacin han sido revisados por el Departamento de Ingeniera
del Terreno de la UPV
Coleccin Acadmica
Para referenciar esta publicacin utilice la siguiente cita: Garrido de la Torre, M. E. [et al](2015)
Ensayos de mecnica de suelos: prcticas de geotecnia. Valencia: Universitat Politcnica de
Valncia

M Elvira Garrido de la Torre

Carlos Hidalgo Signes
Jorge Ivn Preciado Romero

2015, de la presente edicin: Editorial Universitat Politcnica de Valncia

distribucin: Telf. 963 877 012 / www.lalibreria.upv.es / Ref.: 0167_12_01_01
Imprime: Byprint Percom, sl
ISBN: 978-84-9048-405-0
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CAPTULO 2. PROPIEDADES NDICE

Captulo 2. Propiedades ndice

2.1 INTRODUCCIN
Las caractersticas bsicas del suelo que ayudan a id entificarlo, agruparlo
y c l a s i f ic a r l o d e n t r o d e c a t eg o r a s o g ru p o s d e s i m i l a r c o m p o r t a m ie n t o , s e
d e n o m i n an

P r op i e d a d es

Elementales.

D en t ro

de

las

P r o p ied a d es

E lemen tales se dist in gu en dos grupos:

PROPIEDADES NTRINSECAS: S on l a s p r op i e d a d es que n o d e pen d en de
l a e s t ru c t u r a d e l s u e l o , es d e c i r, s on p r o p i e d ad e s q u e s e c o n s e rv a n s ea
c u a l s e a e l t r a t am i e n t o q u e s e l e h ay a d a d o a l a m u e s t ra h as t a s u en s ay o
en laboratorio:

Granulometra

Lmites de Atterberg

D en s idad relat iv a de las part c u las (G s )

PROPIEDAD ES DE ESTAD O: Son aquellas caractersticas del suelo que

d e p en d e n d e s u h i s t o r i a g eo l g i c a, d e f o r ma e n q u e s e h a t om a d o l a
mu estra y de la man ipu lacin de sta h asta la realizacin de los en sayos
e n l ab o r at o r i o. D i c h as p r o p ied a d es s e e x p r e s a n c o m o r e la c i n y a q u e s on
i n d ep e n d ien t e s d e la c an t i d ad d e mu es t ra a n a l i z ad a . S on:

P o r os i d ad ( n )

ndice de Poros ( e )

D en s ida d ( ) y peso especfico ( )

Humedad ( W )

Grado de Satu racin ( Sr )

E s t as u l t im a s s e ob t i en en c o m o r e s u lta d o d e rel a c i o n ar e n t r e s i p e s os y
v o l m en es d e c ad a u n a d e l as t r es f as e s d e l s u elo .
E n l a b o rat o r i o s e d e t e rm i n an m e d i ant e e n s ay os n or m a l i z ad o s : Hu m ed a d ,
D en s idad y D ensidad relat iva de las part cu las.

13

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