You are on page 1of 21

The Framework for

the Internet of Things


(IoT)
While machine communications for control has been around since the 1960s (SCADA, for example),
connecting things to the Internet and thus accessing the Internets full power, facilitates pervasive
digital observability and controllability of the physical world around us. The essential framework for
this consists of a connectivity platform for managing devices across multiple networks, a software
development platform that facilitates IoT service development by involving the broader developer
community (a la Apple), and a solutions platform customized for individual vertical applications.

Krish Prabhu, GIAN Lecture 1

What is the Internet?


A global computer network providing a
variety of information and communication
facilities (primarily for people!), consisting of
interconnected networks using standardized
communication protocols
2

Krish Prabhu, GIAN Lecture 1

Krish Prabhu, GIAN Lecture 1

What is IoT?
-

People
Machines
Cars, ships, airplanes
Homes
almost anything

interconnected and interoperating


4

Krish Prabhu, GIAN Lecture 1

What is the Internet of Things?


The Internet of Things (IoT) is a global infrastructure for the
information society, enabling advanced services by
interconnecting (physical and virtual) things based on
existing and evolving interoperable information and
communication technologies
A thing is an object of the physical world or the information
world (virtual thing), capable of being identified and integrated
into communication networks.

Ref: ITU-T Y.2060

Krish Prabhu, GIAN Lecture 1

IoT growth expected to be faster than PC and


Smartphones combined! Tens of billions instead of billions
28B

6B

6B

1B
1B

100M

100M

1996

2000

2004
PC

2008
Smartphones

Krish Prabhu, GIAN Lecture 1

2012
IoT

2016

2020

Source: IDC, Ericsson, Goldman Sachs Global Investment


Research

Why IoT?
1% increase in productivity could save billions in operational costs
It is the next productivity revolution !!

$30B

$66B

$63B

$90B

$27B

fuel cost saving


in aviation
industry

fuel cost saving


in gas powered
fleets

productivity
improvement in
healthcare

reduction in
Cap X in oil & gas
exploration and
development

productivity
improvement in
rail industry

Krish Prabhu, GIAN Lecture 1

It isnt just about interconnectivity and


interoperability. It is also about
-

Data gathering
Analysis
Applications
Decision making
Control,
and optimization

All done at scale


8

Krish Prabhu, GIAN Lecture 1

Use Case - Industrial Kitchen


Effortless Menu updates

Ad hoc new menu adds in <5 minutes


compared to 6 month schedule

Electronic transmission of new menu


items
Remote reprogramming of equipment
Menu can be changed per seasonal
demand
9

Krish Prabhu, GIAN Lecture 1

Vehicles: V2V & V2I Traffic Alerts


A) Vehicles within same geo-location share hazard
notifications with each other

B) V2V alert notifies traffic control of emerging issue


1. Traffic control monitors and
records all V2V alerts
2. If enough alerts signal in a
given location, traffic
control may send out
additional geo-specific
alerts

C) Traffic control updates hazard alerts on local static devices

1.
2.

3.

10

A car hits an ice patch and temporarily loses traction


The on-board diagnostic system recognizes the issue
and sends an automatic hazard notification to the
Traffic Control Center (TCC)
The TCC notifies another car on the same route of the
eminent hazard with a geo-specific alert

1. Traffic control can use TCC


to dynamically adjust local,
connected traffic
management devices to
reflect changing road
conditions

Krish Prabhu, GIAN Lecture 1

Use Case: Smart City - Water Solutions


Las Vegas Valley Water District
Collecting data to determine where
improvements should be made

Leak detection
Infrastructure Management
Working together in an IoT ecosystem:
IBM
Mueller Water Products
AT&T

11

Krish Prabhu, GIAN Lecture 1

Smart Cities: Intelligent Lighting Solutions


Wireless
Transceiver

Photocell
Concealed Speaker

App Based Control


Image Sensor
Pedestrian Counter
Indicator Beacons
Digital Signage
Digital Street
Sign

Facade Lighting

Push-to-Talk System
eCar charge
Water Detection

Seismic Sensors

12

Krish Prabhu, GIAN Lecture 1

IoT Verticals - end-to-end solutions


Vehicle Solutions

Connected Car; Fleet


UBI; Security

13

AT&T Equipment &


Asset Management
Machinery
Solutions

AT&T Smart
Smart Cities
Cities

Equipment

Tracking location,
temperature, shock for
high value cargo,
containers and assets

Smart electric
Smart electric
and water meters;
and water meters;
Smart lighting,
Smart lighting,
transport, parking
transport, parking

Industrial floor sensors,


Heavy equipment, Oil
& Gas

Krish Prabhu, GIAN Lecture 1

Open platform enables a broad


range of solutions all easily
managed through any web
enabled device

3G Wireless
Network

Broadband
Wireline
Network

14

Broadband Home Router

Digital Life
Controller

Krish Prabhu, GIAN Lecture 1

AT&T
Data Center

AT&T
Digital Life
Monitoring
Centers

Consumer
Devices

Sensors

AT&T
Digital Life
Controller

Controls

Sales & Support

Cameras
Other

Retail Stores
Call Centers

Fire
Emergency
Medical

15

Digital Life
Technicians

Digital
Handyman

Web Portal

Krish Prabhu, GIAN Lecture 1

Many Components of a Platform

Cloud

Connectivity

16

Security

Devices

Analytics

Platforms

Krish Prabhu, GIAN Lecture 1

Internet of
Things

The IoT Reference Model

End to End Security

Management Capabilities

Application Layer

IoT Applications
(Asset Management, Smart cities, healthcare, )

Why build end to end


solutions?
Which solutions areas?

Service, Application
Support Layer

Generic Support

Specific Support

Networking

How do you define a


platform?
How do you attract
developers?

Managing connections
across multiple networks
is not an easy job

Devices are custom

Network Layer
Transport

Device Layer

Device

Gateway

Ref: ITU-T Y.2060

17

Krish Prabhu, GIAN Lecture 1

The IoT World Forum Reference Model


Collaboration & Processes
(people, businesses)

Data is processed and acted upon

Application

Data is accessed by the application

Data Abstraction
(aggregation and access)
Data Accumulation
(storage)
Edge Computing
Connectivity
Physical Devices &
Controllers
(sensors, machines)
18

Krish Prabhu, GIAN Lecture 1

Data is processed

Data is stored

Data is filtered and normalized


Data is sent and received

Data is sensed and collected

Challenge Areas

Device
Variability

19

Fragmented
Tools

Data
Management

Krish Prabhu, GIAN Lecture 1

Enterprise
Integration

Connect and Integrate Devices, APIs and Data


Devices
Emerging IoT Protocols
UDP/TCP
MQTT
COAP
Websockets
Expanding Library of Supported
Devices

20

APIs
Applications/APIs
Simple Integration
Connect devices to
business systems
Mashup APIs
Simple integration by
creating APIs that expose
complex workflows
Create micro-services

Krish Prabhu, GIAN Lecture 1

Data
Transform Data
Route Data
Protocol Transformation
Connect to Data Stores
M2X
Cassandra
Elastic Search
Redis

End of Lecture

21

Krish Prabhu, GIAN Lecture 1

You might also like