Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Contents
ABSTRACT.....................................................................................................................
..............................
INTRODUCTION
.3
LITERATURE REVIEW................................................................................................... 4
HYPOTHESIS
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
.8
QUESTIONAIR
RESULT
DISCUSSION
.10
CONCLUSION
..10
RECOMMENDATION
..10
REFERENCES
.11
Abstract
This research study analyzes the effect of teamwork on
organizational performance. There is clear evidence that teamwork performance are
positively related with employee performance. I am using questionnaire technique to
Introduction
The process of working collaboratively with a group of people in order to
achieve a goal is called teamwork. Teamwork is often a crucial part of a business, as it is often
necessary for colleagues to work well together, trying their best in any circumstance. Teamwork
means that people will try to cooperate, using their individual skills and providing constructive
feedback, despite any personal conflict between individuals. Teams can expand the outputs of
individuals through collaboration. Employees who are working in teams become the standard for
the organization (Alie, Beam & Carey, 1998). Recent study shows that employee working within
the team can produce more output as compared to individual (Jones, Richard, Paul, Sloane &
Peter, 2007). The effects of teamwork on organization is that they can increased efficiency, the
ability to focus different minds on the same problem, and mutual support. When a team works
well together as a unit they are able to accomplish more than the individual members can do
alone. Teamwork creates higher quality outcomes that are more efficient, thoughtful, and
effective, as well as faster. Individuals benefit from teamwork through mutual support and a
great sense of accomplishment. The formation of teams is most appropriate for tasks that are
difficult, complex and important. These types of tasks are often beyond the skills and abilities of
any single individual. However, the formation of a team to complete such tasks does not
guarantee success. Rather, the proper implementation of teams is positively related to both
member satisfaction and increased effectiveness. Organizations who want to receive the benefits
afforded by teams need to carefully consider how teams are built and implemented. Often, teams
are created without providing members any training to develop the skills necessary to perform
well in a team setting. This is critical, because teamwork can be cognitively and interpersonally
demanding. Even when a team consists of talented individuals, these individuals must learn to
coordinate their actions and develop functional interpersonal interactions. So teams are more
likely to be successful when they are fully supported by the organization.
Literature Review
Teamwork is basically a critical part of a business, as it is often necessary
for members to work well together, trying their best in any circumstance using their individual
skills and providing constructive feedback, despite any personal conflict between individuals.
Our reasoning for choosing this topics is that we can determine the effect of teamwork on
employee performance. This research can be measure the positively or negatively effect of
teamwork as well as the communication and commitment in organization. It is very important to
have a teamwork that can perform successfully all tasks. When the teams can better perform their
tasks, the individual performance also increases which resulted the increases in the performance
or productivity outcomes of the organization. So we can carrying out a critical examination of
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this literature examining the links between team working and performance. According to Jones
et al (2007) Teams enables people to cooperate, enhance individual skills and provide
constructive feedback without any conflict between individuals. Teamwork is an important factor
for smooth functioning of an organization. Most of the organizational activities become complex
due to advancement in technology therefore teamwork is a major focus of many organizations.
Organizations which emphasize more on teams have results in increased employee performance,
greater productivity and better problem solving at work (Cohen & Bailey, 1999). Bacon and
Blyton (2006) research concluded that there are two important factors in teamwork i.e. selfmanagement team and interpersonal team skills. These factors enhance the communication as
well as interpersonal relationship between team members and also boost the employee
performances. According to Ingram (2000) teamwork is a strategy that has a potential to improve
the performance of individuals and organizations, but it needs to be nurtured over time.
Organizations need to look at strategies for improving performance in the light of increasingly
competitive environments. Top managers need to have the vision to introduce teamwork
activities within the organizations, the sensitivity to nourish it and the courage to permit teams to
play an important part in decision making. Conti and Kleiner (2003) reported that teams will
create a high performance organization that is flexible, efficient and most importantly, profitable.
This research study intends to analyze whether private hospitals have took up certain special
measures for teamwork coming between groups and whether such measures have turned out in to
positive employees undertaking to do toward their organizations. According to Steve Jaros,
(2007) the part of having desired effect teamwork is full of danger to the achievement of any
industry. The positive effects of tendency to produce teamwork can energize a complete
organization, just as the not effects of a feeble amount of teamwork can person without normal
use of body an organization. A most important part of to working well teamwork is pulling to self
and keeping the right team members. According to BOYACI, (1996) the communication is the
most important factor in teamwork for achieving the organization goals which can defined
communication in workgroup is the exchange of an information, thought and feeling between
individuals of groups, in other words, communication plays a deep part in balancing person and
to do with organization ends. Commitment to do has been widely had a look for because it has an
effect on one only's mind-sets and behaviors in the direction of the place of work. According to
Meyer & Herscovitch,(2001) theory experts supports that commitment to do comes to a decision
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about behavior autonomously of other ends or behaviors it might force to the line of acting or
behaviors even if reasons are in get opposite with their behaviors. Thus the events, commitment
to do can straight to people to do in ways that, from the view of with an open mind persons
making observation, on the other hand they might be in comparison to their own self-interest. A
positive relationship between teamwork and operational performance is found in a number of
studies. In this article a textile manufacturer, Hamilton et al. (2003) found that team-sewing
increased productivity Team members who work effectively with one another have the capacity
for increased productivity. Successful teams comprise members who have an understanding of
their own roles in the group and an understanding of the responsibilities of their teammates as
well. Working in a collaborative fashion, effective teams have the ability to agree on strategic
plans, divide work equitably and work together to develop new ideas and concepts. According to
Cohen et al. (1996), a form of work organization incorporating teams and strong employee
involvement had a signicant impact on both quality and efciency. Reducing the number of
management layers, working with exible job descriptions and the introduction of team working
were all positively associated with different operational outcomes in the study of Bacon and
Blyton (2000). Appelbaum (1995) and Elmuti (1997) found that the job design characteristics
associated with self-managed teams signicantly improve job satisfaction and organizational
commitment. Hamilton et al. (2006) found that teams typically outperform individuals when
tasks require multiple skills, judgment, and experience. Teams are a better way to utilize
individual employee talents because they can perform the task in which they are specialized.
According to me I think that teamwork can improve by identifying the common goals the team is
trying to achieve. The team should always be striving toward a shared vision or common goals
that brings them together as a unit. Develop a support system that provides clear, concise
direction and also offer reward based on the team performance. To make sure that everyone on
the team has a chance to participate. Each member should have a voice. Members of the team
make high quality decisions together and have the support and commitment of the group to carry
out the decisions made.
Independent variable
Dependent variable
Team Work
Organizational
Performance
Hypothesis
I can originate that the teamwork has a substantial positive effect on organizational
performance. Teamwork was found to be the most significant independent variable having solid
relationship with the dependent variable of organizational performance. Teamwork programs
were exposed to have a positive coming together with force on the organization operation which
takes benefits in terms of greater volume produced, got better to do with organization doing a
play in competition better chances and increased product quality and amount. Employers may be
able to improve their organization performance by increasing the size of teamwork and taking
action to raise the performance level of the individual. Teamwork could certify that skills were
better utilized. The result of the research study clearly evidenced that there is strong and positive
relationship between independent variable (teamwork) and dependent variable (organizational
performance) and teamwork has a significant positive effect on organizational performance.
According to (Cohen & Bailey, 1999) Organizations emphasize more on teams which results in
increased organization performance, greater productivity and better problem solving at work.
Teamwork is an important tool of new type of work organization. Teamwork is a clear-cut
organizational measure that shows many different features in all type of organizations (Mulik,
2010). According to (Ingram, 2000) teamwork is a strategy that has a potential to improve the
performance of individuals and organizations, but it needs to be supported over time.
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Organizations need to look at strategies for improving performance in the light of increasingly
competitive environments. Conti and Kleiner (2003) stated that teams offer greater participation,
challenges and feelings of accomplishment. Organizations with teams will attract and retain the
best people. This in turn will create a high performance organization that is flexible, efficient and
most importantly, profitable. According to (Boyaci,1996) the communication is the most
important factor in teamwork for achieving the organization goals which can defined
communication in workgroup is the exchange of an information, thought and feeling between
individuals of groups. , Hamilton et al. (2003) found that team-sewing increased productivity
Team members who work effectively with one another have the capacity for increased
productivity. There is a one independent variable which is teamwork and one dependent variable
which is organizational performance. There is a strong and positive relationship of teamwork
with organizational performance. When there is a high involvement of teamwork, the speed of
employee performance also increases that reduce the costs and a result is growing organizational
performance. And when there is a low involvement of teamwork, the speed of employee
performance decreases that increases the costs and a result is declines in organizational
performance.
H0: Teamwork has no significant effect on organizational performance.
H1: Teamwork has significant positive effect on organizational performance.
Research Methodology
Data collection is the process of gathering and measuring
information on targeted variables in an established systematic fashion, which then enables one to
answer relevant questions and evaluate outcomes. There are different methods through which
data can be collected:
Observational research.
Focus group.
Survey research.
Experimental research.
Questionnaire.
Questionnaire
I am using questionnaire technique to collect data of impact of teamwork
on organizational performance because large amounts of information can be collected from a
large number of people in a short period of time and in a relatively cost effective way. Feedback
is generally anonymous, which encourages openness and honesty. The questionnaire items of this
research study were taken from the Teamwork Effectiveness Self-Assessment Questionnaire by
Hinda K. Sterling and Herbert L. Selesnick. Likert questions format can be used because it can
help to determine how strongly your respondents agree to a particular statement. Such type of
questions also help you assess how team work can impact the organizational performance.
The reliability and validity of the questionnaire items were re-examined and found to be good.
The questionnaire consists of 2 parts with section A and section B. Section A consisted of
item seeking demographic data such as age, gender. Section B consists of the items, which
collect information about the teamwork which is independent variable and its effects on
employee performance which is dependent variable. Section B of the questionnaire measured
on five point Likert scale ranging from (1=strongly disagree to 5=strongly agree).
Result
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This study found that there is a direct and positive relationship between team work and
organizational performance. It is very important to have a teamwork that can perform
successfully all tasks. When a team works well together as a unit they are able to accomplish
more than the individual members can do alone. Teamwork creates higher quality outcomes that
are more efficient, thoughtful, and effective, as well as faster. Every individual is different and
has some qualities. One can always benefit something or the other from his team members which
would help him in the long run. In a team, the other team members can perform and manage the
work in the absence of any member and hence work is not affected much. When the teams can
better perform their tasks, the individual performance also increases which resulted the increases
in the performance or productivity outcomes of the organization.
Recommendation
The research study strongly suggests that the teamwork activities must
exists in the organizational environment. In this way organizational performance can be
enhanced. The teamwork can improve by identifying the common goals the team is trying to
achieve. The team should always be striving toward a shared vision or common goals that brings
them together as a unit. Develop a support system that provides clear, concise direction and also
offer reward based on the team performance. To make sure that everyone on the team has a
chance to participate. Each member should have a voice. Members of the team make high quality
decisions together and have the support and commitment of the group to carry out the decisions
made
References
Alie, R.E., Beam, H., and Carey, T.A. (1998). The use of teams in an undergraduate management
program. Journal of Management Education, 22(6), 707-19.
Jones, A., Richard, B., Paul, D., Sloane K., and Peter, F. (2007). Effectiveness of teambuilding in
organization. Journal of Management, 5(3), 35-37
Cohen, S.G., and Bailey, D.E. (1999). What makes teams work: group effectiveness research
from the shop floor to the executive suite. Journal of Management, 23(3), 239-90.
Bacon, N., and Blyton, P. (2006). Union co-operation in a context of job insecurity: Negotiated
outcomes from team working. British Journal of Industrial Relations, 44(2), 215-23
Ingram, H. (2000). Linking teamwork with performance. Journal of Team Performance
Management, 2(4), 5-10.
Conti, B., and Kleiner, B. (2003). How to increase teamwork in organizations. Journal of Quality,
5(1), 26-29
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