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LL.B. Semester ll
114 K - USE OF INTERNET IN LEGAL EDUCATION
Note :

Document (version -v1.1 dated 15-Mar-2016) compiled by

ketan.bhatt@iitbombay.org for his personal use. Larger student community
may also benefit.
This document is primarily related to 3 year LLB course of Gujarat
University. However, many other universities have also adopted similar
syllabus.
Syllabus is in BOLD text. Reference to all questions listed herein below, is
to such questions which were asked in Gujarat University examinations.
OBJECTIVES :
In the era of computer technology, Internet and Web World, it becomes very
essential for a law student to equip himself for the maximum use of the ICT
technology to upgrade his legal knowledge. The use of ICT, not only gives
speedy information but it is useful to compare the legal position, legislative
approach and view of judiciary prevailing in India as well as in different
countries. For the above purpose, basic theoretical knowledge about the
utilization of internet, search engines and different web sites etc. for legal
knowledge is must. This course will be taught in the form of theoretical
information in order to give the proper guidance to the law students for
effective and maximum use of the ICT.
SYLLABUS :
Sort :
Q : 2013, 5 : Explain true or false statement : All law related websites
charge for providing information
Ans :
FALSE. These are so many law related website which give away very
useful and critical information for FREE. For example,

Www.Supremecourtofindiacaselaw.com
www.lawctopus.in

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Www.vakilno1.com
www.indiankanoon.org
Q : 2014 : Explain true or false statement : Photographs and bio-data of
only the retired judges are available on the website of the supreme court of
india.
Ans :
FALSE. Supreme court as well as High Court websites of all the high
courts, list following information about sitting judges of the court,
Name of the judge
photograph
Brief bio-data of the judge.

Q : 2014 : Explain true or false statement : The judgments of foreign

courts can not be viewed within india without giving the correct email-id.
Ans :
FALSE. There is NO such requirement. In case judgment of foreign
courts are made available by respective courts or any other
organization, then depending on their policies, these may be available
for free (most of the time). There is no requirement of giving email-id.
Q : Define : Websites ,email ,search engine ,seminar,conference, research
paper, PDF,ppt ,google
Ans :
PDF : Portable Document Format
ppt : Microsoft Power Point

google : Google is an American multinational technology company

specializing in Internet-related services and products. These include
online advertising technologies, search, cloud computing, and
software. Its outstanding feature is, search for information about

(someone or something) on the Internet using the search engine

Google

1) Theoretical Knowledge about Internet use in Legal Education :

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1..1)

Law Related Websites : Basic knowledge, Kinds and

importance

1..2)

Selection of Law Related Websites :

1..2..1 For finding out International Conventions & Treaties

1..2..2 For knowing legal situation in other countries
1..2..3 For finding out Indian Legislations
1..2..4 For searching Judgments of various courts &
comments there upon

1..3)

For sending Articles/abstract of the paper to be

presented at the seminar and to know the status of acceptance

1..4)

Use of Internet for gathering speedy legal information by

the law students/ researchers

Q : 2014 : Explain the importance of law related websites. Explain the
various facilities available through any law related website.
Q : 2013 : State law related websites. Describe various facilities
provided under any one law related website.
Q : 2015 : State the names of atleast five law related websites.
Discuss the facilities available from any one of the above law
related website in detail.
Ans :
<read annotated "Importance Of Internet Facility In Support Of Legal
Education And Legal Research 4.pdf">
Kinds of law related websites :
Gov websites -vs- other websites
Free websites -vs- paid services

Some of the law related websites :

Government - Judiciary :

www.lawmin.nic.in
www.supremecourtofindia.nic.in/
http://gujarathighcourt.nic.in/

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www.judis.nic.in
www.lawcommissionofindia.nic.in
www.indiacode.nic.in
Others :

www.vakilno1.com
www.Manupatra.com Manupatra is available by subscription
only.

https://indiankanoon.org/
www.lawctopus.in
www.benchandbar.in
www.indlaw.com - is same as http://www.westlawindia.com/
www.advocatekhoj.com/
Describe various facilities provided under any one law related
website : http://www.vakilno1.com/

http://www.vakilno1.com/ is truly an excellent website for one and

all. The website is all inclusive. It offers some thing for every class
of people who need any sort of legal assistance.

Following are the major facilities and features offered by

http://www.vakilno1.com/
Level-1 menu :
Bare Acts
Legal Documents --- eg Downloadable Legal documents like
affidavits, contracts, etc
How To ---- advise how to form company, trust, etc
Latest Legal News
Agreements
Legal Forms
Get Legal Opinion from Vakilno1 Legal Advice for rs 999/ Contact Us
Links
Level-2 menu :

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Legal FAQ
Legal Articles
Legal Definitions
Notices
Wills How to
Judgements

Q : How to find out International Conventions & Treaties :

Ans :
Law Libraries maintain several research tools containing international
treaties and agreements like Encyclopedia of the United Nations,
Consolidated Treaty Series, and League of the Nations Treaty Series.
Treaties as available in digital form in various online databases are
also provided to students and end users in anywhere in the world.
https://treaties.un.org/ is the website of UN Treaties Collection
Mandate : Under Article 102 of the Charter of the United Nations
every treaty and every international agreement entered into by a
Member of the United Nations after the coming into force of the
Charter must be registered with the Secretariat and published by it.
The General Assembly, by Resolution 97 (I) of 14 December 1946,
adopted Regulations to give effect to Article 102 of the Charter.
This online database provides the most detailed information on the
status of over 560 major multilateral instruments deposited with the
Secretary-General of the United Nations (as of 1 June 2014) and
covers a range of subject matter such as Human Rights,
Disarmament, Commodities, Refugees, the Environment and the Law
of the Sea. The number of treaties deposited with the SecretaryGeneral keeps growing steadily. This database reflects the status of
these instruments, as Member States sign, ratify, accede or lodge
declarations, reservations or objections. It is currently updated daily.
The printing and distribution of this publication hard-copy was
discontinued in August 2011 as part of the United Nations efforts to
reduce paper waste and conserve energy and resources. Its online
version is updated daily or intra-daily, as required.
Titles in the UN Official Languages : This collection consists of the
titles of multilateral treaties deposited with the Secretary-General in

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the UN official languages - Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian
and Spanish
What is available on the site?
All multilateral treaties deposited with the Secretary- General of the
United Nations and those formerly deposited with the League of
Nations - their latest status and a link to the full texts.
Bilateral and multilateral treaties registered with and published by
the United Nations Secretariat in accordance with Article 102 up to
a certain date - Detailed treaty references and full texts in all
authentic language(s).
Q : How to know legal situation in other countries
Ans :
A constitution is the system of fundamental principles by which a
political body (state or nation) governs itself. Law libraries have a
separate section maintaining constitutional laws of all countries in the
world. Constitution of any country of the world may also be
downloaded from various websites i.e. http://confinder.richmond.edu/
Q : How to find out Indian Legislations
Ans :
Law library must have a good collection of following International and
National Legislations i.e. Bills and Acts of the concerned Parliaments
like: US Supreme Court Code, General Public Acts (UK), Australia
Consolidated Common wealth Act, AIR Manual, India Code, Act of the
Parliament, Civil Court Digest, Gazette of India, Current Central
Legislations, Current Indian Statutes etc. Acts and Legislations of all
countries are also provided through online services.
see the bare acts section of any law related portal like vakilno1 or
indiacode, etc
Q : WHERE TO FIND COMMISSION & COMMITTEE REPORTS :
Ans :
In India, various commissions and committee are in existence like
Women Commission, Commission for SC/ST National Human Right
Commission etc. Reports of such commissions are maintained within

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the law library Collection. Parliamentary Committee Reports are also
major sources of legal information which may be referred through
website of Parliament of India. Law. Annual Reports of the
Government Departments are also useful for legal research.
Q : How to find PARLIAMENTARY DEBATES AND PARLIAMENTARY
COMMITTEE :
Ans :
A law library provides a sound collection of Parliamentary Debates of
Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha. Parliamentary debates may be
downloaded from the website of Parliament of India from XIth Lok
Sabha 1996 onwards. All Parliamentary Committee Reports as
published by the Parliament of India are also browsed to disseminate
students within the library through online access. Electronic version of
Command Papers i.e. Debates of House of Lords and House of
Commons are also available on the websites of UK Parliament.
http://www.parliament.uk/parliamentary_publications_and_archives/p
arliamentary_archives/archives_electronic.cfm
Q : How to find SEMINAR REPORTS AND THESIS/DISSERTATIONS :
Ans :
Law libraries, especially supporting university system maintain
International and National Seminar Reports conducting inside and
outside of the countries. Digital version of these reports may be
preserved within the law library. Thesis and dissertation submitted by
research scholars may also be useful for legal researchers.
Q : 2013 : Explain true or false statement : All the case decisions taken
from various websites with the help of internet can be cited before the
courts.
Ans : FALSE. Only such decisions which are published in officially
recognized gazette / journal can be cited before courts. Some examples
of these AIR, SCC, etc.
Q : 2014 : Explain true or false statement : The judgments of courts
available on different websites are not always accurate.

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Ans : YES. Not always accurate. But mostly accurate. Errors may be, to a
large extent, typographical mistakes. Malafide intention is normally not
present, in case of reputed publishers.
Q : 2015 : Explain true or false statement : Only certified copy of
judgment under challenge can be attached in proceedings before the
court, not copy of judgment downloaded from the websites of the court.
Ans :
YES. Only certified copy of judgment under challenge can be
attached in proceedings before the court, not copy of judgment
downloaded from the websites of the court.
Q : 2013 : It is not possible to obtain effective legal education without
study or knowledge of internet in the modern era. Discuss.
Q : 2014 : Use of internet has become inevitable in the legal field
Discuss this statement by giving appropriate illustrations.
Q : 2015 : In the ocean of law, judges and layers can easily sail
with the help of update knowledge of use of internet Discuss.
Ans :
http://www.abhinavjournal.com/images/Arts_&_Education/May13/4.p
df
https://www.law.utoronto.ca/documents/JD/admits-Computers.pdf

What is internet ?
The Internet had its beginnings in a computer network established
in 1969 to provide the defence industry in the United State with a
reliable means of maintaining communications between the military,
universities, and defence contractors. Over the next several years,
various other networks were set up in the United States, Canada,
and elsewhere linking other academics and researchers. As these
networks began to be linked to each other, a super network - the
Internet - took shape. Initially access to the Internet was limited by
Acceptable Use Agreements that, among other things, prohibited
commercial activities from taking place on research networks. But
by the 1990s, separate commercial networks had been created,
Internet regulations relaxed, and all networks linked, making it

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possible for anyone with a computer and modem to access the
Internet and participate in this new virtual reality.
Access to the Internet was transformed in 1991 with the launching
of the World Wide Web (Web or WWW), a menu-based, graphical,
hypertext catalogue of Internet resources accessed through a
browser. The rapid development of user-friendly software to
support the Web has made accessing the Internet as easy as
clicking a mouse.
Although still in its infancy, the Internet has already provoked ...a
global revolution no less profound than the invention of the printing
press, and perhaps even more far-reaching than the invention of
the telephone. The Internet binds the citizens of planet Earth
together into a globally wired network in which knowledge and
information spans the globe, and in which national politics become
world politics.
Technology has revolutionized the way law is practiced and thus, by
necessity, the way it is taught and learned. Increasingly, legal
educators have determined that proficiency in information and
communication technologies is one of the essential lawyering skills
required to prepare students for law practice.2 In the past decade,
legal education has embraced e-mail, course Web sites, classroom
technology, distance education, electronic libraries and textbooks,
online tutorials, and electronic research and scholarship.
<read annotated "Importance Of Internet Facility In Support Of
Legal Education And Legal Research 4.pdf">
Use of internet in legal education :
To know about law web sites
To know know about law journal
To know about pending case use of high/supreme court
To show web sites like :Gujarat law herald (GHL),criminal law
journal( CLJ),Gujarat law reporter (GLR,),All India reporter (AIR)
To know right to information act

To about Commercial tax act

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To know about income tax act
To about evidence about cases
To government publication
To know about latest bill like company bill,GST bill ,Lokpal bill etc

Conclusions :
The World Wide Web is less than ten years old. Its possibilities have
only begun to be explored, yet it is already obvious that it will do
more than provide an alternative way of doing what earlier
technologies, like the printing press, the telephone and the fax have
enabled. It offers entirely new ways of creating, sharing, and
managing knowledge.
Many boundaries and barriers that have been taken for granted
disappear on-line though new ones take their place. Many kinds of
activities that were simply not feasible without the Internet are now
not only possible but easily accomplished. Goals that were once
remote become immediate. But the web is not just a new way of
doing conventional things better; it is a new medium in its own
right with its own unique qualities, features, and characteristics.
Visionaries and innovators are taking the web on its own terms,
creating entirely new genres of applications.
Q : 2013 : Explain true or false statement : International covenants and
treaties can not be searched through internet in india
Ans :
FALSE statement. They can very much be searched in India. Just
google for which ever covenant and treaty is required. There will be
MULTIPLE options to access complete text as well as lively discussion
on the same.
Q : 2014 : Explain true or false statement : Manupatra is a kind of search
engine.
Ans :
YES, in a sence. It is a research service. Manupatra is available by
subscription only.

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Manupatra is India's premier online research service for the legal
community. Manupatra enables legal professionals to retrieve cases,
statutes, and other documents from Manupatra's vast library of legal
and business materials.
Q : 2013 : Write explanatory note on facilities available by internet to a
law researcher.
Q : 2014 : The research work of law researcher becomes easy with
the help of internet facilities. Discuss this statement.
Q : 2015 : Explain how the knowledge of internet is useful to law
students and researchers pursuing their PhD.
Ans :
http://www2.lib.uchicago.edu/~llou/mpoctalk.html --- Legal Research
Using the Internet
http://www.abhinavjournal.com/images/Arts_&_Education/May13/4.p
df
http://www.slideshare.net/tabrezahmad/application-of-internetcomputer-in-legal-research
<Explain internet and its usefulness>

Why Use the Internet for Legal Research? : The Internet is a cheap
alternative to the use of commercial databases such as LEXIS and
WESTLAW for finding primary legal materials. The Internet can
augment an average law library's resources by providing alternate
copies of print materials, and information that cannot be found in the
law library in print or electronic format. For instance, here are some
examples of the types of resources that are on the Internet.
Where to Start Your Internet Legal Research : If this is your first time
on the Internet, it is good to hunt down a legal research guide. The
guides below are good to check before embarking on legal research on
the Internet. They describe and link to legal resources generally
available on the Internet such as web, gopher, ftp sites, and listservs,
or list existing Internet legal research guides.

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For professional paid service, Manupatra, Westlaw, etc are good
options.
<read annotated "Importance Of Internet Facility In Support Of
Legal Education And Legal Research - 4.pdf">
Use of internet for researcher in legal researcher :
To find out existing research article or research paper
To send search paper to any conference or seminar
To read about existing thesis or dissertation
To find statistical information about research
To find out existing case study related research
To find out latest review about research topic

2) Application of ICT in Legal Field :

2..1)

Search Engines & Websites : Use for legal education

purpose

2..2)

Use of Law related Internet Sites: Knowledge about pdf &

ppt files

2..3)

Use of Internet for searching Head-notes, Cases & Legal

Articles

2..4)

Updating the legal news, current status of the pending

Bills in the House through Internet

Q : 2013, 5 : How pdf files are useful to the law students for preparation
of articles? Explain. Describe how 'word' file can be converted in to pdf
files with the help of internet.
Q : 2014, 5 : Explain the meaning and importance of pdf and ppt
files. What are the academic advantages of the above files to law
students?
Q : 2013 : Explain true or false statement : While making
presentations in seminars PPT files are useful to a law student.
Ans :
PDF : good ---> http://www.legalscans.com/whypdf.html

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A PDF file is a "read only" document that cannot be altered without
leaving an electronic footprint, and meets all legal requirements in
a court of law
Contrast the TIFF, JPEG, GIF File Format
PDF Files Provide Document-Level Security
PDF files are Compatible Across Multiple Platforms
Compression of a PDF File is Substantial
The Software to View PDF Files is Freeware
Conclusion : In 2000, the U.S. Federal Courts adopted the PDF file
as their electronic document format. Many individuals have
encountered the PDF format when downloading electronic tax forms
from the IRS. This widespread governmental use of the PDF format
for archiving and sharing documentation virtually guarantees that
the PDF file will remain as a long-term format standard.
WORD File :
explain what is word doc file
editable
small size
can be easily sent to others
world standard software easily available
can be password protected
Conclusion :

PPT file :
What is PPT?
Beautiful and attractive
Easy to create
easy to communicate
small size
Easily shared
standard software available
password protected

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Conclusion :

Q : How to send Articles/abstract of the paper to be presented at the

seminar and to know the status of acceptance
Ans :

Q : 2015 : Write note : Procedure to search head-notes of judgments,

judgments and legal articles from internet.
Ans :
What is headnote ? -----> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Headnote
http://www.lexisnexis.com/help/global/AU/en_AU/commonlawcasesea
rchtips.asp#name
For Example : Find cases dealing with contributory negligence and the
failure to wear a helmet
FREE service of http://lawmirror.com
go to the website
select search by head-notes
eg "contributory negligence"
click on submit
PAID service of lexisnexis.
login to : http://www.lexisnexis.com

In the Search Terms box type: "helmet"

In the box to the right of Catchwords/Summary type:

"contributory negligence" -----> NB : This will search for these
terms where they appear in the catchwords, headnotes or digest/
summary of the case.

Click on the Search button.

Q : How to find current status of the pending Bills in the House through
Internet
Ans :

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Bills/ Legislations can be tracked through the website of Institute of
Policy Research Studies. http://www.prsindia.org/billtrack/
Following are the menu options for bill tracking facility :

Bill Status

All Bills

Withdrawn Bills

Lapsed Bills

Passed Bills

Pending Bills

Draft Bills

Along with the text of the bill, user can also access the summary of
the bill as prepared by PRS.
Background of PRS (Policy Research Studies)
PRS was founded in 2005 as an independent research initiative. The
initiative was incubated in the Centre for Policy Research (CPR),
New Delhi, which is a leading Indian think tank. With the
intellectual and institutional support of CPR, PRS has been able to
build and deepen its engagement with legislators, media and citizen
groups to strengthen the legislative process. Recently, the initiative
has been institutionalised as a not-for-profit Section 25 Company,
the Institute for Policy Research Studies
PRS Legislative Research (PRS) seeks to strengthen the legislative
process by making it better informed, more transparent and
participatory. Through its work, PRS seeks:
To provide independent and non-partisan, research support to
Members of Parliament (MPs) and Members of Legislative
Assemblies (MLAs) across party lines on all legislation and policy
debates in the legislature
Track the functioning of legislatures and legislators by releasing
detailed data and analysis
Devise means by which citizens are more aware and engaged in the
policy making process.

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3) Use of ICT : Finding the status of cases & Legal Profession Office
Management :

3..1)

Knowledge of status of cases pending before High Courts

and Supreme Court through Internet

3..2)

Legal Profession Office Management through Internet :

3..2..1 for knowing the case-list of the next day

3..2..2 to know about the business allotted to the judges
etc

3..2..3 to view the judgments of the unreported judgments

from the website of the High Court

3..3)

Speedy verification and perusal of the drafted memo/case

and related instruction through Internet

3..4)

Obtaining the latest status of the case law decided by the

Apex Court (before its publication in the Law Journals)

Q : 2015 : Write note : Facilities available to litigants through court
websites.
Q : 2015 : Write explanatory note on Importance of internet in court
proceedings management
Ans :
Take the example of website of Gujarat HC
Chief Justice

- shows photograph, name - click on photo to

get profile of the chief justice of gujarat hc

Judges

- shows list of photo-name of all the judges of

hc --- click on photo to get profile

Incumbency List

- get the complete list of ALL the judges

appointed to gujarat hc since its inceptions

Former CJs

- select the name of past cj to get his profile

Former Judges

- select the name of past judge to get his

profile
Admin Details

- get details like

Distribution of Administrative business

Administrative setup

HighCourt's Commitee

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Contact Details

- get contact details of General Nos and

individual officer's contact nos

District Judiciary

- select the district from map and get details

of all lower courts in that district

Cause List

- get cause lists of supreme court as well all the

hc
Classification code - codes along with their descriptions
Case Status /Judgement / Orders --- FIRST accept the terms and
condition - prompt for casetype + caseno +caseyear --- get full
case details along with orders passed till date --- user can download
.pdf copy of the orders
Articles

- articles written by hc judges

Recruitment

- advertisements of the job vacency in hc like

Law clerk, System Administrator, etc

Right to Information Act

- voluntary disclosures by the hc

u/s 4(1)(b) and 4(2) of the rti act 2005

Rules

- list of rules governing administration of hc and

terms and service conditions of the hc staff

Notifications

Daily Notices
Sitting List

- sitting list on the basis of selection of dates and

types of list
Matters with defect
Mediation Centre

- details of the hc mediation center details and

procedures for availing of the fecility

Judicial Academy
Legal Services
Calendar
Official Liquidator
Related Links
Contact Us

Q : 2013 : Explain how a common man gets status of his pending cases
from the website of court through internet.

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Q : 2014 : Explain with illustrations : How internet has decreased the
work of court administration in providing the case information and
facilitated the lawyers and litigants to obtain the same in speedy and
cheap way.
Q : 2015 : Explain true or false statement : Common man can not view
status of pending cases from court websites.
Ans :
go to http://gujarathighcourt.nic.in/index.asp
select the option Case Status /Judgement / Orders
FIRST accept the terms and condition
user is prompted for the option according to which user wants to view
status or judgment or order. valid options are as follows,

Case Detail ----- type in casetype + caseno +caseyear --- get

full case details along with orders passed till date --- user can
download .pdf copy of the orders

Litigant type in litigant type + name + year

LC-Judge judge type + name + year + district

LC-FIR - . . . . . . . . . . . .

LC-Case

Advocate

HC-Judge --- get orders passed by a judge during a start-dt to

end-dt

Department

Orders

Notice

Certified Copy

Free-Text Search

Sick-Leave Note

CauseList

Q : 2013 : Law office management has become easy with the help of
internet. Discuss.

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Q : 2014 : Write explanatory note on Contribution of internet on
law office management.
Q : 2015 : Write notes : Use of internet facilities Lawyers' office
administration.
Ans :
http://www.lawofficemanager.in/features.html
http://www.americanbar.org/newsletter/publications/gp_solo_magazin
e_home/gp_solo_magazine_index/sp96shu.html
Intro :
Law practice management (LPM) is the management of a law
practice. Law firms may be composed of (i) a single attorney, (ii) of
several attorneys, or (iii) of many attorneys, plus support staff such
as paralegals/legal assistants, secretaries (including legal
secretaries), and other personnel.
Many lawyers, in one-person practive as well as small/ large
corporate law firms, have commented on the difficulty of balancing
the management functions of a law firm with client matters. Debate
over (a) is law a profession, or (b) is is a business, has been
continuing for over a century; a number of observers believe that it
is both.
What is Law practice management ? : Law practice management is the
study and practice of business administration in the legal context,
including such topics as workload and staff management; financial
management; office management; and marketing, including legal
advertising.
A lawyers time and advice are his only stock in trade. But another
important requisite to be a successful Advocate is a well-maintained
Law office and its proper management. A systematic management of
the law office could add to the efficiency and productivity of an
Advocate. A well-managed office will also create a healthy working
atmosphere and can attract many clients.
Management of Law-office involves various aspects like location,
layout, library, registers, diary, case management, staff management,
meeting and communication with clients, assignment of work to
juniors, utilization of equipments like computer etc.

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LAW OFFICE MANAGEMENT : Management means a process of

managing or maintaining a proper methodology depending on the
needs and demands of the nature of work. Law office management, in
particular, is the continuous process of keeping, holding, checking,
controlling, contriving, and maintaining various requirements of the
profession. Thus, the requirements of the profession determines the
structure, nature, management largely depends on the financial
resources available and the attitude and devotion of an Advocate
towards the profession.
Importance of information technology and internet can not be over
emphacised in the field of legal office management. Law Office
Manager is an online application which helps you carrying your day to
day activities more smoothly and efficiently. This software reminds
you about your case details, cases hearings, appointments, meetings,
communication, creating a online website, sending SMS to your
clients, contacts, staff, colleagues. Managing cash receipts and
payments, issuing invoice to clients. It is an asset for any Law office.
Desirable features of Legal Office Management software :
Muti User Operation : Law Office Manager works on cloud server
through internet where multi user can work on the software and
can update their case. Each software licence has there own server
and can access the software from there website. Administrator can
create users based on their designation and fix the authority before
so when the user login to the software they can view the details
what they are authorized to.
Case Management : With Law Office Manager you can manage all
your cour cases, manager stages, lawyers information, client
information, court information and all the information you need for
the case. It will be a ready reckoner with your one click.You get an
Alert a week beofore you have the hearing for the case. You can
inform the same to your client and can update the next date for the
case. You can also generate a daily case report
Contact Management : Law Office Manager stores all your records
and you can view/edit any of your contact anytime and can operate

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them from any place. If you have lost your phone then you can
keep this as an alternate for all your contacts.
Manage Clients : You can manage all your clinet, contact details,
photo, phone numbers, email. It would be very handy for you to
access the information and easily get in touch and send greetings
and there case updates.
Document Management : You can securely store all the documents
related to the cases and other common documents. You can access
these documents and download them from any place you need not
carry them on a pendrive or a cd.
Text Messages/SMS Greeting : Law Office Manager updates you on
regular basis for the cases information and you can send text
greeting to your clients or individuals. You can schedule your
meetings according to your schedule the system will remind you in
advance regarding your meeting, appointments etc.,.
Manage Accounts : With Law Office Manager you can manage your
daily accounts. You can manage cash book, bank books, receipts,
payments. You can generate a monthly report for cash book, bank
book, receipts and payments it will also help to do bank
reconciliation.
Manage Billing : Law Office Manager gives you the option to
manage your billing. You need to enter the details of the client, type
of fee, date. You can issue a copy of bill to your customer by
printing the same and also keep one for your records.
Legal Calendar : You can prepare your legal calendar and you will
get an automated reminder and alert whenever you login to Law
Office Manager Software or the system will also send you reminder
on your mobile for the same. With Law Office Manager you will be
always be aware what is the next thing to do and you never miss an
important work.
Manage Website : Law Office Manager comes with a feature
where you can design and develop your website and manage your
website yourself, we will give you domain with your firm name
xample:www.yourfirmname.com. You do not need to hire a web
designer to get designs for your website. You can create your web
pages and update it yourself from time to time. It is very easy to
create the web pages, add content, and choose the layout design
for the website. Get an online enquiry form which will deliver all

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your enquiries directly to your email. You can add profiles of your
staff their photographs, your expertise, your experience, your
address, phone number, email, your firm profile and many more
Emails : You will be provided with your personal email facility. You
can send emails with your firm name or your personal name for
example office@lawfirmname.com or yourname@yourname.com.
The email Data will be stored on your personal server.
Discuss : Speedy verification and perusal of the drafted memo/case and
related instruction through Internet
Ans :

Q : 2013 : Explain true or false statement : With the help of internet only
lawyers can search the list of cases of the next day
Ans :
NO. Anybody can use internet to search the list of cases for the next
day. Not only that Websites of Supreme Court as well as all the high
courts are regularly maintained and causelist of the next day are
made available of each evening.
Explanation of how it can be done :

Go to the website of gujarat high court at

http://gujarathighcourt.nic.in/
click on the case status
click on cause list
click on the listing date and select the date for which you want
the cause list --- and then click on GO
select the type of cause list that you want, eg Judge wise
enter the name of Judge --- and then click on get the cause list.

Q : 2014 : Explain true or false statement : From the website of high

court of gujarat only the litigants or their lawyers can get the status of the
case and orders passed in it.
Ans :
NO. Anybody can go to website of gujarat high court and get status of
the case as well as orders passed in it. There is NIL restriction.

Page - 23 of 25

Q : 2015 : Explain true or false statement : From the website of high

court of gujarat, judgments with only pdf version can be downloaded free
of cost.
Ans :
YES. Explanation of how it can be done :

http://gujarathighcourt.nic.in/
click on case-status
select the (1) case type, (2) case number and (3) case year ---and then press GO
All available orders in the case are listed at the bottom of the
screen. Click on Download button to .pdf version of court order.
Q : HOW TO FIND CASE LAW :
Ans :
Law libraries must maintain a sound collection of Reporting Journals at
international and national level. Library specific to law must subscribe
at least one reporting journal from each state.
Foreign Law Reports
All England law Reports
Australian Law Reports
Canadian Supreme Court Reports
Commonwealth Law Report
Dominion Law Reports
Federal Law Report
English Reports
Law Reports Reprint Rainbow Series 1874 onwards
US Supreme Court Reports
Weekly Law Reports
Indian Law Reports
Supreme Court Reports
Supreme Court Cases (SCC)
All India Reporters (AIR)

Page - 24 of 25
Scale
Judgments Today
Indian Law Reports
Law Reports of all States
The most common methods for finding the case laws on a subject are
digests and commentaries on particular subjects. Subject indexes
given at the end of the commentaries are a very useful aid to find out
the desired case law on specific aspect.
If there is no commentary on any particular enactment, AIR Manual
published by M/s All India Reporter, Nagpur can be treated as a very
useful source for finding out the case law on any Central Statute.
In digital era, Case law on a particular subject or party name or
citation, may be searched with the help of various online databases.
Westlaw International, LexisNexis may be used to search foreign
caselaw. SCC Online, AIR SC& HC, Criminal Law Journal, Manupatra,
Indlaw, Law Premium may be used to search Indian case law.
Q : HOW TO FIND LEGAL ARTICLES :
Ans :
Law libraries generally maintain article indexing & abstracting system.
It is a pre requisite of a law library to maintain an indexing system
containing bibliographical details of articles published in each
academic journal received with in the library. A researcher can browse
these articles by title, author, name of the journal, subject and
combination search through online public access catalogue. Beside, inhouse database, the library may also subscribe index to periodicals as
published by several publishers and libraries e.g. in India, Index to
Indian Legal Periodicals ILI, New Delhi, 2008 is published by the
library of the Indian Law Institute. Index to Legal Periodicals as
published by H.W. Wilson, may be browsed for academic articles
published in foreign journals.
Online databases have changed the way of legal research. The
following databases are used for searching legal articles.
1. Westlaw International
2. JSTOR
3. Social Science Research Network

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4. HeinOnline
5. Global Legal Information Network
6. LexisNexis Online

Suggested Reading :
Prof. R. P. Soni, Harshal Arolkar & Dr. Sonal Jain, Working with Personal
Computer Software, Wiley-India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi
Nandan Kamath - Law Relating to Computers and Internet, Universal Law
Publishing Co.
Allan M. Gahten :- Internet : Law and Legal Profession
Kant D. Stuckey:- Internet and online law
Michoel D. Rostoker :- Computer Jurisprudence and Legal Responses to the
Information Revolution
Rega Rao - Use of computer, Interned for Law students & Legal Profession
(Asia Law Book House, Hyderabad)
Baxi Upendra :- Legal Education in 21st Century