Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Chennai - 020
FIRST SEMESTER EMBA/ MBA
Subject: Organizational Behaviour
Enrollment No - MBA1/OCT15N/93171446117645F
Attend any 4 questions. Each question carries 25
marks
(Each answer should be of minimum 2 pages / of 300
words)
2. Why is perception important? Explain the factors
influencing perception.
Perception is the process by which an individual selects, organizes,
and interprets information inputs to create a meaningful picture the
world. Perception depends not only on the physical stimuli, but also on
the stimulis relation to the surrounding field and on conditions within
the individual. The key point is that perception can vary widely among
individuals exposed to the same reality. One person might perceive a
fast-talking salesperson an aggressive and insincere another, as
intelligent and helpful. Each will respond differently to the salesperson.
Perception is our sensory experience of the world around us and
involves both the recognition of environmental stimuli and actions in
response to these stimuli. Through the perceptual process, we gain
Interests
Experience
Expectations
2. Factors in the situation
Time
Work setting
Social setting
3. Factors in the target
Novelty
Motion
Sounds
Size
Background
Proximity
Similarity
When an individual looks at a target and attempts to interpret what he
or she sees that interpretation is heavily influenced by the personal
characteristics of the individual perceiver. Personal characteristics that
affect perception included a persons attitudes, personality motives
interest, past experiences, and expectations. For instance if you expect
police officers to be authoritative, young people to be lazy, or
individuals holding office to be unscrupulous, you may peeve them as
such
regardless
of
their
cultural
traits.
in
other,
unrelated
characteristics
as
well.
All people have all these needs but the predominant need drives them.
These are discussed below:
2. Performance-reward.
3. Rewards-personal
goals.
_____________________________________________________________________
structure consists
of
activities
such
as
task
entities
such
as
individual.
Organizational structure affects organizational action in two big ways.
First,
it
provides
the
foundation
on
which
standard
operating
are
usually
based
on traditional
domination or charismatic
Precision,
speed,
unambiguity,
strict
subordination,
with
Weber's
ideal
type bureaucracy.
This
may
Functional structure
Employees within the functional divisions of an organization tend to
perform a specialized set of tasks, for instance the engineering
department would be staffed only with software engineers. This leads
to operational efficiencies within that group. However it could also lead
to a lack of communication between the functional groups within an
organization, making the organization slow and inflexible.
Divisional structure
Also called a "product structure", the divisional structure groups each
organizational function into a division. Each division within a divisional
structure contains all the necessary resources and functions within it.
Divisions can be categorized from different points of view. One might
make distinctions on a geographical basis (a US division and an EU
division, for example) or on product/service basis (different products
for
different
customers:
households
or
companies).
In
another
and
job security.
adequately met, then you can check this box. If it is not fully met, it is
a source of motivation for people. If you want better performance, you
may want to offer stronger incentives and bonus. Nextjob security.
Regardless of the shape that the economy is in, we are all motivated to
work for a company that is thriving and not going under and motivated
by knowing that our performance is adequate enough that we have job
security. If your employees are getting paid enough and know they
have job security, then youve met 2 of their 6 needs.
Factor #2 Identity. Humans are social creatures and driven by the
need to affiliate with things they care about. Given that we spend
most of our lifetime working, we are motivated by working for a
company, department or team we feel proud to tell about friends and
family about a winning team. How cool is it that Joe works
for Facebook or Twitter? We want to have an affiliation for the
companies and teams we work with and the change they are making in
the world. The second sub-factor related to identity is title. Some of
us are motivated by that next promotion to get the title that we
deserve and to be recognized for that. It will become part of a new
identity we strive to embody.
Factor #3 Stimulation. Humans desire to be challenged and
stimulated. In the workplace, we are looking for new and exciting
opportunities that keep us engaged and stretch us to grow.
Specifically, we like to work on new and cool projects/initiatives or to
be put on task force that will change how we operate internally. Who
doesnt want to be on the project that will change the way we
experience mobile apps? Chances are that some of your direct reports,
particularly the ones who are high performers need that level of
stimulation in order to stay engaged and continue their career with the
company. The second factor related to stimulation is mastery in a new
domain. We all want to learn new skills and gain mastery, and then
move onto to learn something else. It not only keeps our skills fresh,
but keeps us relevant and more marketable in the world of work. It is
only when we have mastery over an area that we feel we are
performing at our best and can have a sense of autonomy and not a
need to rely on others.