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Lesson 59.
In-karaant words.
#NnNt zBda> ,
You do not know my name but you can describe me. puStikn! ,
The elephant uses his trunk like I would my hand. He possesses a hand. An
elephant is therefore also known as kirn! ,
will go like ndI , puStiknI, iv*aiwRnI etc. Do you now see why the woman of
the house is called a g&ih[I ?
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#NnNt zBda> ,
elephant
kirn!
forthcoming
Aagaimn!
elephant
diNtn!
classmate
shaXyaiyn!
road
( is declined
slightly
differently.
Check Supp.
41.)
witness
piwn!
lion
( the one
who has a
mane)
kesirn!
horse
( the one
who has a
mane)
charioteer
noble
person
fish (having
scales)
Moon
( drawn by
white
horses)
gui[n!
sai]n!
zin!
suspicious
person
tree ( having
young shoots)
fish (having
bones)
fish ( one who
possesses the
capacity to go
forth and
spread all
over.)
fisherman
pLlivn!
k{qikn!
ivsairn!
jailn!
mTSyxairn!
Moon (
drawn by
ten horses.)
jiNmn!
mayaivn!
Shiva( his
bow is
called
ipnaikn!
kesirn!
Shiva
jqaxairn!
riwn!
Vishnu/
Krishna
cin!
zkiln!
fish
jlcairn!
Zvetvaijn!
Moon
( marked
like a hare
or a
rabbit.)
zizn!
dzvaijn!
Moon
( like the
white
lotus
flower
kErivn!
ipnak>)
man/
creature
conjurer
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Sun (
Beholder of
the world's
deeds.)
kmRsai]n!
Sun (
garlanded
with rays.)
ikr[mailn!
that
blooms
only at
night.)
( also
possessing
moonlight.
)
Yogi ( one
who is
establishe
d in Yog)
One who
performs
austeritie
s
yaeign!
tpiSvn!
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gui[_y> nm> ,
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Discovering Numbers.
Take a deep breath my dears, our Number Lesson will encompass quite a
huge area. We need to learn:
1. The names of numbers : as in one, two, three etc. also known as
Cardinals or
_"Do>AY"p\"pE"@ |
2. The Ordinal form of numbers: as in first, second, third etc. They are
called
+X"\"pE"@ |
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. , so
Good news:
It's not as bad as it looks. In fact, it's fairly simple. All we have to do is go
forward step by step.
Step 1.
Place your Number List in front of you.
Let's just concentrate on the first 10 numbers.
pu<iLl
npu<skil
SIil
: V"p@#
V"p{@p
V"p@pv
V"p{@u
: V"p@p#
{O"# V"p{@p#
E"O"# V"p{@p#
T"IE" V"p{@p#
V"p{@p#
_"TO" V"p{@p#
/ V"p{@p#:
V"p{@p#
E"O\"pZ# V"p@p#
T"IE" V"p@p#
V"p@p#
_"TO" V"p@p#
/ V"p@#
V"p@p#:
E"O\"pqZ Up{S"
T"IE" Up{S"
_"TO" Up{S"
/
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V"p@p#
V"p{@p#
Naturally even if the '1' does have three gender names AND it does have
forms.
Naturally, even if the '2' does have three gender names AND it does have
Place the
{\"W"[O"
Step 3.
Use the same principle to form sentences for the
npu<skil
and the
SIil .
Step 4.
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< |
E"O"s{\"|OY"p
V"p{@p{W"#
{E"e"T"J>Bpw`z BpEF>p{X"$
Though the numbers themselves are feminine, the same form is used for
all three genders:
p{\"zp{O"# V"p@p#, : , :
The
are all
The words
: is declined like :|
Step 9.
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pO"X"o
The word
101 =
is added ....
@puf"ZpO"X"o ,
102=
Y"puf"ZpO"X"o ,
103 =
OR
Simply say
101 =
OR
102=
103 =
( naturally since the first four numbers have genders, I have left the
forms.....Gottitt??)
The third option makes reading of dates quite simple.
The numbers 200 to 900 can be written by either first writing the
root number and then the word OR by first writing
and then
, etc.
For example: 200 = or | 300 = or |
Naturally the first, or is declined like and the
or , like |
adding
pO"z
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SOY"z
E" ||
10
V"sQX"o
100000000
:
:
1000000000
pDo>A"#
1000000000000
:
:
10000000000000
100
1000
10000
100000
1000000
10000000
10000000000
100000000000
100000000000000
1000000000000000
10000000000000000
100000000000000000
1/2 :
Fractions
3/4 :
: 1 :
_"pR"v@pO"X"o ( Gottitt?)
The Ordinals.
+X"\"pE"@ forms.
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+X"\"pE"@ forms.
Since numerals are adjectives, each number has its own gender, number and
vibhakti that you will have to use when using them with nouns.
Let me first give you the list from 1 to 10 in all its three genders. THEN,
let's set about trying to figure out HOW to use them.
Ordinals.
T"sz{
_e"r{
S"T"sz_"@{
First
:
:
:
E"O"sP"#
T"IE"X"#
E"O"sP"r
T"IE"X"r
E"O"sP"X"o
T"IE"X"X"o
:
:
:
:
:
Second
Third
Fourth
Fifth
Sixth
Seventh
Eighth
Ninth
Tenth
|"
T"s_O"@_Y" "
All these forms are declined in singular, dual and plural. How else would
we be able to say,
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hO"pu# |
T"s_O"@u |
So on and so forth.
S"T"sz_"@{ like |
T"sz{
:, , ,
Hundredth :, , |
The numbers that are in the "twenty group" ....those with the word
in them can also be written without the to convert them into Ordinals.
Twenty-first
Twenty-second
Collective nouns in the Neuter Gender Singular form are formed as follows
Stick the root numeral as a suffix to the noun and convert it into a
SINGULAR NEUTER FORM to convey a group. For example:
T"s_O"@e"Y"X"o is
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Add the word to the root number and hey presto these avyayas
convey the meaning once, twice, thrice etc.
, , , E"O"s\"pZX"o, V"`l\"pZX"o |
T"{O"{QS"z |
, , E"O"sBpsNp$
W"puG"S"z
3. How to say " one way of doing something " "two ways ...", " three ways..."
etc. Add the word |
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4. How to say "one kind of ..., " "two kinds of..." etc. Add the word | This
makes it into an adjective, following gender, number and vibhakti.
: , ,
, ,
:, ,
@O"X"_"p : ?
@O"X"pY"v V"p{@pY"v T"s_O"@z W"\"O"r Y"EF>O"o ?
@O"X"O"# T"s_O"@pO"o O\"X"o O"z {E"e"X"o W"# ?
6. How to read dates. (Adjectives)
@_"TO"S"\"@ OR @_"TO"f"sZS"\"Qp_"O"X"o (
BpEF>X"o |
In 2003.
or
@_"TO"S"\"u@O"X"u
or
@_"TO"S"\"T"P"X"\"^"u
{e"ptSY"ptSY"{O"rY"\"^"u G"
G" ...
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X"pE" ....
T"IE"p : : |
|
@puS"{e"zpO"z |
E"O\"pqZpf"X"u
*******
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Translate:
1. The father goes with two sons to the market.
2. The mother was angry with her four daughters.
3. The teacher loves her hundred students.
4. Krishna received fruits and flowers from the five Pandavas.
5. The cat spoke to the eight dogs.
6. Around the twelve lakes are sixteen mountains.
7. Salutations to the ten avatars of Vishnu.
8. The cowherd is sitting near twenty five cows.
9. The naughty monkey jumped on a champa tree, a parijat tree and a
banana.
10. The thin man likes a mango, six chapatis , one and a half bananas and
two teaspoonsful of sugar at 3:00 o'clock in the morning.
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Verbs
Avyayas
page.
Adjectives.
: - -
others.
: dark
fortnight
: bright
fortnight
: month.
chapati
Translate the following.
1. The teacher gave a gift to that girl who stood first amongst all the
others.
2. The ninth boy is Madhav.
3. This is the sixth chapati that I am eating.
4. Call the first four boys here.
5. I do not want to ask him again a second time. ( trip up alert!)
6. I fast on the eleventh day of the bright fortnight of every month.
7. Bring the book from the tenth table in the classroom.
8. The fifth group of children is coming in the evening.
9. The twenty-fifth day of June is a Saturday.
10. I go to the library every eighth day.
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Translate:
1. The father goes with two sons to the market.
10. The thin man likes a mango, six chapatis , one and a half bananas and
two teaspoonsful of sugar at 3:00 o'clock in the morning.
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at>kale ivadne kzay mnu:yay @km! Aa< , ;q! paeilka> , saxERk< kdlI)l<,
cmsypU[aR zkRra c raecNte ,
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