Introduction: Sources of energy; General structure of electrical power systems, Power transmission

and distribution via overhead lines and underground cables, Steam, Hydel, and Nuclear power
generation; DC Networks: Kirchhoffs laws, node voltage and mesh current methods, Delta-star and
star-delta conversion, Superposition principle, Thevenins, Nortons theorems and Maximum power
transfer theorem; Single phase AC Circuits: Single phase EMF generation, average and effective values
of sinusoids, solution of R,L,C series circuits, the j operator, complex representation of impedances,
phasor diagram, power factor, power in complex notation, solution of parallel and series parallel
circuits; Three phase AC Circuits: Three phase EMF generation, delta and Y connections, line and
phase quantities, solution of three phase circuits, balanced supply voltage and balanced load, phasor
diagram, measurement of power in three phase circuits, Three phase four wire circuits; Magnetic
Circuits: Amperes circuital law, B H curve, solution of magnetic circuits, hysteresis and eddy current
losses; Transformers: Construction, EMF equation, ratings, phasor diagram on no load and full load,
equivalent circuit, regulation and efficiency calculations, open and short circuit tests, autotransformers; DC Machines: Construction, EMF and Torque equations, Characteristics of DC generators
and motors, speed control of DC motors and DC motor starters; Electrical Measuring Instruments: DC
PMMC instruments, shunt and multipliers, multimeters, Moving iron ammeters and voltmeters,
dynamometer, wattmeter, AC watthour meter, extension of instrument ranges.
Text/Reference Books:
1.

E. Hughes, Electrical Technology, Pearson Education, 2010.

2.

V. Del Toro, Electrical Engg Fundamentals, PHI Learning, 2009.

3.

I. J. Nagrath and D. P. Kothari, Basic Electrical Engineering TATA Mc Graw Hill Education,
2009.

4.

D. A. Bell, Electric Circuits, 7th Ed., Oxford Higher Education, 2009.

DC circuits, KCL, KVL, Network theorems, Mesh and nodal analysis, Step response
and transients. RC, RL and RLC circuits, Phasor diagram solution of AC circuits.
Power in 1- and 3-phase AC circuits. Two port networks. Operational amplifiers:
model and applications. Magnetic circuits. Transformers: modelling and analysis.
Energy in magnetic field, production of force and EMF. Electro-mechanical energy
conversion. Principles of measurement. Electrical and electronic materials.
Laboratory experiments will be based on these topics.

DC circuits, KCL, KVL, Network theorems, Mesh and nodal analysis, Step response
and transients. RC, RL and RLC circuits, Phasor diagram solution of AC circuits.
Power in 1- and 3-phase AC circuits. Diodes, rectifiers, clipping and clamping.
Operational amplifiers and their applications. Magnetic circuits. Transformers.
Energy in magnetic field, 87 production of force and EMF. Electro-mechanical energy
conversion. Principles of rotating machines. Electrical and electronic materials.
Laboratory experiments will be based on these topics.

Basic Concepts: System of units, Energy. Electric

Charge, current, electromotive force and potential
difference. Ohms Law, Faradays law of
electromagnetic induction, Kirchhoffs laws,
Amperes law, Electrical and Electronic materials
and devices. Circuit Elements: Resistors,
conductors and inductors, Active and passive
circuit elements, Dependent and independent
current and voltage sources, Reference directions
and symbols, Power and energy, Resistance
parameter, Inductance parameter, Capacitance
parameter, Operational Amplifier and its role as
circuit element and as controlled source.
Elementary Network Theory: Series and parallel
combination of resistances, capacitances and
inductances, Network analysis by Kirchhoffs laws.
Superposition theorem. Thevenins theorem.
Nortons theorem. Delta-Star transformation.
Maximum power transfer. Inductance in a DC
Circuit: Inductive and non-inductive circuit.
Inductance of air-cored and iron- cored coil.
Growth and decay of current in LR circuit. Energy
storage. Mutual inductance and coupling coefficient.
AC Fundamentals: Generation of single
phase and three phase alternating e.m.f.
Relationship between frequency, speed and
number poles. RMS, average, instantaneous and
Peak Values of sinusoidal waveform. Voltages and
currents in star and delta circuits. Inductive
reactance and impedance of RL load. Phasor
representation of alternating quantity. Active,
reactive and apparent powers, power factor and
power triangle. Working principle of transformer.

1
Introduction

Sources of energy, Power generation: steam, hydel, gas, wind & nuclear;
Power generation in Indian context.
General structure of electrical power system; power transmission &

2 voltage levels; power distribution through overhead lines &

underground cables.
D.C Networks

3 Basic concepts; concepts of linear, nonlinear, active, passive, unilateral

and bilateral elements; ideal and practical voltage & current sources
conversion from one from the other.
Kirchoffs laws statements & explanation with example.
4 Mesh current method definition of mesh & loop, advantage;
illustrative example.
5
6
7
8
9
10

Node voltage method Definition of a node, formation of equations,

advantage & illustrative example.
Delta-Star & Star-Delta conversion; necessity, equivalence & relations;
illustration with example.
Superposition principle statement, limitations; explanation &
illustration with examples; practical verification.
Thevenins theorem statement, advantages in case of complex
networks; explanation & illustration with examples.
Nortons theorem concept of duality; explanation & illustration;
practical verification.
Nonlinear circuits d.c circuits with one nonlinear element; its solution
with example.

11 R-L & R-C transients solution for current , voltage or charge as a

D.C. Transients

& function of time; time constants; R-L-C transients under damped, over
12 damped and critically damped conditions.
Generation of single phase a.c. voltage and determination of average
13

(mean) and RMS (effective) values of voltage and current with special
reference to sinusoidal waveforms; Form factor and peak factor for
various waves.
Representation of sinusoidal time varying quantities as phasors;

14 concepts of reactance, impedance and their representation in complex

Single Phase A.C.
Circuits

forms using j operator.

15 Steady state analysis of series R-L-C circuit & its phasor diagram.
16
17

Concept of power & power factor; expression of power in complex

notation.
Concept of admittance, susceptance in parallel circuits; calculation of
branch currents in parallel circuits.

18 Analysis of series parallel circuits & phasor diagrams.

19 Resonance in series and parallel circuits.
20
Three phase A.C. 21
Circuits

Generation of 3-phase balanced sinusoidal voltage; star & delta

connections; line & phase quantities (current & voltage)
Solution of 3-phase star/delta circuits with balanced supply voltage and
balanced load; phasor diagram; 3-phase, 4-wire circuits.
Measurement of three phase power by two wattmeter method; phasor

22 diagram with balanced load and determination of load power factor

from wattmeter readings.
Magnetic Circuit 23 Ampere circuital law; magnetic circuit & its similarity with electric
circuits; solution of series, parallel & series parallel magnetic circuits.

24
25
26

Iron losses hysteresis & eddy current losses; relationship between B-H
loop & hysteresis loss
Energy stored in a magnetic field and force of attraction between pole
faces.
Constructional features and principle of operation; concept of ideal
transformer under no load & loaded conditions; its equivalent circuit.

27 Practical transformer rating & its equivalent circuit.

28
Transformer

&
29

Regulation definition & importance; derivation of expression for it:

Losses & efficiency, condition for maximum efficiency.

30 O.C & S.C. tests and determination of equivalent circuit parameters.

31 Various types of three phase connections of transformers.
32
33
Rotating
Machines

34

Autotransformer principle of operation & relative advantages &

disadvantages over a two winding transformer.
Introduction of general constructional features (stator, rotor & air gap);
conditions for production of steady electromagnetic torque.
Multi polar machine & concept of mechanical & electrical angle and
their relation; importance of the relation n = 2f/p.

35 Expression for generated emf in a coil rotating relative to a field.

Elementary balanced 3-phase distributed winding & production of
36 revolving magnetic field; comment on its strength, speed and direction
of rotation.
Constructional features and principle of operation; types of induction
37 motors; definition of slip and its importance; relation between stator &
rotor frequencies.
Three phase

Per phase equivalent circuit; relation between air gap power, rotor

induction motor. 38 copper loss and mechanical power developed; expression for
electromagnetic torque developed.
Torque-slip characteristic, stable & unstable zones; modification of
39 torque-slip characteristic for supply voltage, rotor resistance and
frequency variation.
40
D.C. Machines

41
&
42
43
44
&
45

Basic principles of starting induction motor by direct on line, reactor,

autotransformer, star-delta and rotor resistance starters.
Constructional features; elementary lap & wave windings; parallel paths
in armature circuit.
EMF & torque expressions and their uses in both generating & motoring
modes.
Classification of d.c. generators; characteristics of shunt, separately and
compound generator; armature reaction & its effect.

46 Classification of d.c motors; characteristics of shunt & series motors.

47 Starting of d.c shunt motor; 3-point starter for shunt motor.

48 Speed control of shunt and series motors; field of applications.
49
&
Measuring

50

Instruments

51
&
52

DC PMMC instruments constructional feature and principle of

operation; moving iron meters construction and principle of operation.
Dynamometer type wattmeter; induction type energy meter
construction & principle of operation.

AICTE

DC Networks Kirchoffs laws, node voltage and mesh current methods; Delta-star
and star delta conversion; Classification of Network Elements, Superposition
principle, Thevenins and Nortons theorems. Single Phase AC Circuits Single phase
EMF generation, average and effective values of sinusoids; Solution of R, L, C series
circuits, the J operator, complex representation of impedances; Phasor diagram,
power factor, power in complex notation; Solution of parallel and series-parallel
circuits; Resonance. Three Phase AC Circuits Three phase EMF generation, delta and
Y-connection, line and phase quantities; Solution of three phase circuits, balanced
supply voltage and balanced load; Phasor diagram, measurement of power in three
phase circuits; Three phase four wire circuit; Unbalanced circuits. Magnetic Circuits
Amperes circuital law, B-H cure, solution of magnetic circuits; Hysteresis and eddy
current loses; Relays, an application of magnetic force. Transformers Construction,
EMF equation, ratings; Phasor diagram on no lad and full load; Equivalent circuit,
regulation and efficiently calculation; Open and short circuit test; Auto-transformers
and three phase transformers. Induction Motors The revolving, magnetic field,
principle of operation, ratings; Equivalent circuit; Torque speed characteristics;
Starters for squirrel cage and wound rotor type induction motors; Single Phase
induction motors. DC Machines Construction, EMF and torque equation;
Characteristics of DC generators and motors; Speed control of DC motors and DC
motor starters; Armature reaction and commutation. Electrical Measuring
Instruments DC PMMC instruments, shunts and multipliers, multi-meters; moving
iron ammeters and voltmeters; Dynamometer wattmeters; AC watt-hour meters,
Extension of instrument ranges. Power Supply System General structure of electrical
power systems; Power transmission and distribution via overhead lines and
underground cables, Steam, hydro, gas and nuclear power generation.