Design goal

Max speed
Typical speed
Stall speed (knots)
Takeoff distance (ft)
Rate of climb (fps)
Range (nm)
Weight of crew and payload (lb)

0.89
0.85
1017.7
11600
2000
9000
60000

WING GEOMETRY SELECATION

Wing type
Aspect ratio
Taper ratio
Leading-edge
sweep angle
c/4 Quarterchord-line
sweep angle
Airfoil

Wing
8.68
0.163
35.3

Horizontal
4
0.5
40.3

Vertical
2
0.5
45

32

N/A

N/A

Wing loading
Boeing 777-LR Historical data

Vapproach=140 knots[1]
[2]

CLmax 2.5

VV rate of climb=2000 fps[3]

Stall speed

=0.002377

W 1 2
Vstall CLmax
S 2
air density at sea level

lbfs2
ft4
Vstall= 107.69 knots, because Vapproach=1.3Vstall[4]
VV=2000 fps, rate of climb

CLmax 2.5
Therefore,
W
lb
98.16 2
S
ft
Takeoff distance

W
T
(TOP) CLTO ( )
S
W
Takeoff parameter (TOP)= 270 Fig. 5.4 using 2 jet engines
=0.002377
air density at sea level
lbfs2
ft4
for a normal takeoff
c
T / W0 aM max
0.256

Therefore,

, a=0.627, C=0.363 Table 5.3 for jet transport

W
lb
142.78 2
S
ft

Climb
with

CD0
T
W [(T / W) G] [(T / W) G] (4CD0 / Ae)
G 2

W
Ae
S
2 / q Ae

, a=0.627, C=0.363 Table 5.3 for jet transport

c
T / W0 aM max
0.256

, VV=2000 fps, assume climb speed V= 150 knots

VV
G
V

Zero-lift drag coefficient

for a jet aircraft
CD0 0.015
2

Oswald efficiency factor e=0.8

,=0.002377
air density at sea level
lbfs2
V 2
q
135.42
ft4
2

CD0
CD0
T
T
G2
0.072 G 2
W
Ae
W
Ae , O.K.!

Therefore,
W
lb
350.31 2
S
ft
Cruise

W
q AeCD0 / 3
S
Zero-lift drag coefficient
for a jet aircraft
CD0 0.015
Oswald efficiency factor e=0.8
,=0.002377
air density at sea level, Vcruise=490
lbfs2
V 2
q
812.9
ft4
2

knots
Therefore,
W
lb
268.47 2
S
ft
Select the lowest one: stall speed

W
lb
98.16 2
S
ft
We selected the lowest value of 98.16 in order to ensure that the wing is large enough
for all flight conditions.

[1] http://www.boeing.com/assets/pdf/commercial/airports/faqs/arcandapproachspeeds.pdf
[2] http://cafefoundation.org/v2/pdf_tech/High.Lift/PAV.HighLift.Mason.pdf
[3]http://www.deltava.org/library/B777 Manual.pdf
[4] http://www.boeing.com/assets/pdf/commercial/airports/faqs/arcandapproachspeeds.pdf

Engine specification
Engine

Thrust (lbf)

Length (in)

Diameter
(in)

Dry weight
(lb)

Number

GE90-115B

115300

287

135

18260

INITIAL SIZING
(a) Empty-Weight Fraction: We/W0 in Table 6.1
C5
We / W0 (a bW0C1 AC2 (T / W0 )C3 (W0 / S)C 4 M max
)K vs

fps units
Jet transport

a
0.32

b
C1
C2
0.66 -0.13 0.30
We
0.47467
W
By using W0 =900000 lb., 0

C3
0.06

C4
-0.05

C5
0.05

KVS (fixed sweep)

1

(b) Mission segment

Cruise

3
2

21

Descend

Climb
0

1
Takeoff

and takeoff: W1/W0=0.98

2) Climb and accelerate: W2/W1=0.985 (Table 3.2)

4321
Land

1) Warm
-up

3) Cruise: R=9000 nm=90006076.12ft=54685080 ft

C=0.5/hr=0.0001389/s (Table 3.3)
V=Ma=0.85994.8ft/s=845.58ft/s(Table B.1) at altitude=30000ft
Choose A=8.68[?], Figs. 3.5 and 3.10 Swet/Sref=?
A
1.?
S
/
S
wet
ref
-wetted aspect ratio=
Fig. 3.6 (L/D)max=16.5
RC
54685080 0.0001389
W3
exp
exp
0.8502
VL / D

W2
854.58 16.5
W4
0.995
4) Landing: W3
(Table 3.2)

W4 W4 W3 W2 W1

0.5573
W0 W3 W2 W1 W0

Wf
W
1.06 1 4 0.4692
W0
W0

W
Wf f W0 0.4692 900000 422363.3
W0
, using Wf/1.06, Wf= 398455.9413
lb
Wcrew Wpayload
W0
1 Wf / W0 We / W0
W0-guess
900000
950000
1000000
1020000
1019500
1019300
1019320
1019318

RUBBER ENGINE SIZING

Wf
We/W0
422363.30
0.4746
445827.93
0.4735
469292.55
0.4725
478678.40
0.4721
478443.76
0.4721
478349.90
0.4721
478359.29
0.4721
478358.35
0.4721

W0-calculation
1064195.85
1044139.82
1025922.27
1019089.47
1019257.34
1019324.53
1019317.81
1019318.48

FIXED ENGINE SIZING

W0-guess
900000
900000
900000
900000
900000
900000
900000
900000
900000
900000

Wf/W0
0.469
0.45
0.46
0.459
0.458
0.4585
0.4587
0.45875
0.45872
0.458714

We/W0
0.474619401
0.474619401
0.474619401
0.474619401
0.474619401
0.474619401
0.474619401
0.474619401
0.474619401
0.474619401

W0-calculation
1064195.85
795960.7701
917703.4241
903878.5501
890464.0279
897121.1454
899811.9465
900487.1708
900081.9147
900000.9072

W4/W0
0.55754717
0.575471698
0.566037736
0.566981132
0.567924528
0.56745283
0.567264151
0.567216981
0.567245283
0.567250943

Range (nm)
8991.814042
8468.669589
8741.944218
8714.41259
8686.926734
8700.66395
8706.162034
8707.536841
8706.711943
8706.546968

Layout data
WING
S
span
Croot
Ctip
C-bar
Y-bar
FUSELAGE
length
L-tail arm
Cvt
Svt
A
Taper ratio
Span
Croot
Ctip

9168.704156
282.1069869
55.89132407
9.110285823
38.11211607
53.60760457
243.4440036
121.7220018
VERTICAL TAIL
0.09
1912.47
2
0.5
61.85
20.612
10.31

HORIZONTAL TAIL
1
2870.79
4
0.5
107.16
35.72
17.86