Set No.

Code No: RR410507

IV B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, May/Jun 2009

DIGITAL SPEECH AND IMAGE PROCESSING
( Common to Computer Science & Engineering, Information Technology)
Time: 3 hours
Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks

1. Derive expressions for image plane co-ordinates, assuming that camera and world
co-ordinate systems are not coincident.
[16]
2. (a) Explain piece-wise linear transformation functions for gray-level transformation.
(b) Explain the need for image smoothing and explain directional smoothing technique.
[8+8]
3. (a) Explain smoothing using rotating mask and the algorithm for this type of
smoothing.
(b) Explain what is spatial filtering.

[10+6]

4. Explain various discontinuity detection methods in detail with suitable examples.

[16]
5. Distinguish first-order derivative and second -order derivative of a 2-D function.
Give the example operators for each of the derivatives.
[16]
6. (a) What is granulometry? Explain the different morphological operations used
in granulometry?
(b) A gray scale image, f(x,y), is corrupted by overlapping noise spikes that can be
modeled as small, cylindrical artifacts of radii Rmin r Rmax and amplitude
Amin a Amax Develop a morphological filtering approach for cleaning up
the image.
[8+8]
7. (a) Explain about
i. two dimensional run length coding
ii. contour coding.
(b) What do you mean by reversible in compression.

[12+4]

8. (a) Explain about

i. slope overload
ii. granular noise.
(b) List out the advandages and drawbacks of different types of lossy compression
techniques.
[8+8]

1 of 1

Set No. 2

Code No: RR410507

IV B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, May/Jun 2009

DIGITAL SPEECH AND IMAGE PROCESSING
( Common to Computer Science & Engineering, Information Technology)
Time: 3 hours
Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks

1. What are the elements required to acquire digital images? Explain in detail about
various imaging systems.
[16]
2. (a) What is the general form of gray-level transformation function. Explain the
terms involved in it?
(b) Explain how the

[8+8]

i. Contrast stretching and

ii. Thresholding functions are implemented.
3. Describe the characteristics and applications of the following filter templates [4+4+4+4]

0 1 0
(a) 1 4 1
0 1 0

1 1 1
(b) 1 1 1
1 1 1

1 3 1
(c) 3 16 3
1 3 1


1 1
(d)
1
1
4. Write short notes on the following:
(a) Optimal thresholding
(b) Role of Illumination in thresholding.

[8+8]

5. (a) Explain the characteristics of averaging mask and Laplacean masks. Show the
corresponding masks.
(b) In a given application, an averaging mask is applied to input images to reduce
noise and then a Laplaceian mask is applied to enhance small details. What
would be the effect if the order of these operations is reversed.
[8+8]
6. (a) List the principle applications of morphology.
(b) Define Dilation and Erosion operations. Give examples
1 of 2

Set No. 2

Code No: RR410507

(c) Let A and B are two sets of Z 2 and is the empty set, show that

A B = x/ (B)x A 6= { c Z2 /c = a + b for some a A and b

B}
[4+6+6]
7. (a) What do you mean by compression? Briefly explain its requirement.
(b) Differentiate lossy compression and lossless compression. Mention their applications.
(c) What do you mean by improved Gray Scale Quantization?
(d) Explain the fidelity criteria in image compression.

[3+5+4+4]

8. (a) What is meant by statistical coding? Classify.

(b) Explain briefly about the types of statistical coding.

2 of 2

[6+10]

Set No. 3

Code No: RR410507

IV B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, May/Jun 2009

DIGITAL SPEECH AND IMAGE PROCESSING
( Common to Computer Science & Engineering, Information Technology)
Time: 3 hours
Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks

1. Explain in detail about 2-D sampling theory with necessary derivations and graphical illustrations.
[16]
2. (a) Explain why the discrete histogram equalization technique does not in general,
yield a flat histogram.
(b) Suppose that a digital image is subjected to histogram equalization, show that
a second pass of histogram equalization will produce exactly same result as
first pass.
[8+8]
3. (a) Discuss the characteristics of averaging and weighted averaging filters. Give
an example for each kind.
(b) What is meant by directional smoothing.

[10+6]

4. Explain various discontinuity detection methods in detail with suitable examples.

[16]
5. Explain in detail how the Gradient and Laplacian operators are used in image
segmentation applications.
[16]
6. (a) Discuss the differences between thinning and skeletonization. Explain the
skeletonization with an example.
(b) What is pruning? Explain with a neat diagram.

[10+6]

7. (a) Explain about

i. two dimensional run length coding
ii. contour coding.
(b) What do you mean by reversible in compression.

[12+4]

8. (a) Explain about

i. slope overload
ii. granular noise.
(b) List out the advandages and drawbacks of different types of lossy compression
techniques.
[8+8]

1 of 1

Set No. 4

Code No: RR410507

IV B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, May/Jun 2009

DIGITAL SPEECH AND IMAGE PROCESSING
( Common to Computer Science & Engineering, Information Technology)
Time: 3 hours
Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks

1. Explain different colour models and their relevance to image processing in detail.
[16]
2. Given an image of size 3 3 as shown below:

1 0 3
4 2 1
0 2 5
(a) Find the output image using power-law transformation function when C = 2
and (gamma) = 1.
(b) Draw the histogram of the original and transformed (output) images.

[8+8]

3. (a) Explain the characteristics of the following smoothing filters.

i. Thresholding
ii. averaging filters
iii. median filters.
(b) Discuss their relative advantages and disadvantages.

[8+8]

4. Explain various discontinuity detection methods in detail with suitable examples.

[16]
5. (a) Explain the characteristics of averaging mask and Laplacean masks. Show the
corresponding masks.
(b) In a given application, an averaging mask is applied to input images to reduce
noise and then a Laplaceian mask is applied to enhance small details. What
would be the effect if the order of these operations is reversed.
[8+8]
6. (a) Let A and B are two sets in Z 2 , show that
A B = (A)b
bB
(b) Sketch the dilation of a circle of radius r by a circular structuring element of
radius r/4. Use this structuring element, to dilate a square of size r x r. [8+8]
7. (a) With a neat block diagram, describe the image compression system model
(b) What do you mean by mapper in source encoder?
(c) Compare the statistical Compression and spatial Compression.
1 of 2

[6+4+6]

Set No. 4

Code No: RR410507

8. How statistical coding is differentiated from spatial coding? Give one example for
both the coding. Explain.
[16]

2 of 2