A318/A319/A320/A321 (CFM56) : Structure

C e nt r e d e f o rm a ti o n d e t y p e a v i on
A318/A319/A320/A321 (CFM56)
STRUCTURE
ATA 51 (T1) - PART 3/4
DF.ER : N 2X 3 5X 3
EDITION : 03/07
VALID PAR : J.-M. HAIN
Ce document est destin linstruction et ne saurait tre considr comme un document technique de rfrence. Il ne sera pas mis jour.
Reproduction mme partielle INTERDITE sans autorisation de la Socit AIR FRANCE.
Socit Air France 2000
This document must be used for training purposes only
Under no circumstances should this document be used as a reference
It will not be updated.
All rights reserved

No part of this manual may be reproduced in any form,
by photostat, microfilm, retrieval system, or any other means,
without the prior written permission of AIRBUS S.A.S.
SINGLE AISLE TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL
STRUCTURE
PART 1
Structure General (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Doors D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Fuselage D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
A318 Fuselage D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Pylons/Nacelles D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Stabilizers D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
A318 Stabilizers D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
Windows D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
PART 2
Wings D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
Structure Damage Identification D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256
Window Damage Identification D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288
SRM D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298
PART 3
Window Damage Assessment D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 438
Damage Assessment Example 1 D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 454
Damage Assessment Example 2 D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 518
U3T06191 - U13T1M0
PART 4
A318 Damage Assessment Example 3 D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 582
Structure Protections & Awareness D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 654
Damage Assessment Ex. 1 Operational Scenario (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . 686
Damage Assessment Ex. 2 Operational Scenario (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . 694
A318 Damage Assessment Ex. 3 Operat. Scenario(3) . . . . . . . . . . . 702
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 (CFM56-5B/ME)

51 - STRUCTURE
TABLE OF CONTENTS
May 11, 2006

Page 1
WINDOW DAMAGE ASSESSMENT D/O (3)

GENERAL
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DA000000001
The windows are:

- the cockpit windows ( windshields, sliding windows, and aft fixed
windows),
- the cabin windows and,
- the passenger/crew door windows.
To find the corrective actions for each type of defect, refer to the page
block 6xx of the relevant AMM chapters:
- AMM 56-11-11 for the windshields,
- AMM 56-12-11 for the sliding windows,
- AMM 56-11-12 for the aft fixed windows,
- AMM 56-21-13 for the cabin windows,
- AMM 56-31-00 for the passenger/crew door windows.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 438
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DA000000001
GENERAL
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 439

INVESTIGATION OF DAMAGE ON COCKPIT WINDOWS
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DA000000001
Refer to the relevant AMM chapter for each type of cockpit windows.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 440
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DA000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 441

(continued)
INVESTIGATION OF DAMAGE ON WINDSHIELDS
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DA000000001
Refer to AMM 56-11-11 pages block 6xx to get the corrective actions
for the following types of defect on windshields:
- cracks,
- scratches,
- chips,
- delaminating,
- discoloration,
- interlayer micro flakes,
- bubbles,
- burn spot,
- transparency,
- rain repellent fluid residue,
- damage on the soft liner (if supplied by SPS company only).

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 442
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DA000000001
INVESTIGATION OF DAMAGE ON COCKPIT WINDOWS - INVESTIGATION OF DAMAGE ON WINDSHIELDS

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 443

(continued)
INVESTIGATION OF DAMAGE ON SLIDING WINDOWS
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DA000000001
for the following types of defect on sliding windows:
- cracks,
- scratches,
- chips,
- delaminating,
- bubbles,
- discoloration or burning,
- transparency,
- crazing,
- burn spots.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 444
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DA000000001
INVESTIGATION OF DAMAGE ON COCKPIT WINDOWS - INVESTIGATION OF DAMAGE ON SLIDING WINDOWS

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 445

(continued)
INVESTIGATION OF DAMAGE ON AFT FIXED
WINDOWS
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DA000000001
for the following types of defect on aft fixed windows:
- cracks,
- scratches,
- chips,
- delaminating,
- bubbles,
- discoloration or burning,
- transparency,
- burn spots.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 446
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DA000000001
INVESTIGATION OF DAMAGE ON COCKPIT WINDOWS - INVESTIGATION OF DAMAGE ON AFT FIXED WINDOWS

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 447

INVESTIGATION OF DAMAGE ON CABIN WINDOWS
AND PASSENGER/CREW DOOR WINDOWS
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DA000000001
Refer to the relevant AMM for the cabin and passenger/crew door
windows.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 448
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DA000000001
INVESTIGATION OF DAMAGE ON CABIN WINDOWS AND PASSENGER/CREW DOOR WINDOWS

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 449

AND PASSENGER/CREW DOOR WINDOWS (continued)
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DA000000001
Refer to AMM 56-21-13 page block 6xx to get the allowable damages
for the following types of defect on cabin windows:
- delaminating,
- scratches,
- pitting,
- crazing,
- crazing with bulging,
- bulging,
- orange peel effect,
- chipping,
- cracks,
- vent hole damage.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 450
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DA000000001
INVESTIGATION OF DAMAGE ON CABIN WINDOWS AND PASSENGER/CREW DOOR WINDOWS - INVESTIGATION OF DAMAGE
ON CABIN WINDOWS
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 451

AND PASSENGER/CREW DOOR WINDOWS (continued)
INVESTIGATION OF DAMAGE ON PASSENGER/CREW
DOOR WINDOWS
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DA000000001
Refer to AMM 56-31-00 page block 6xx to get the allowable damage
for the following types of defect on passenger/crew door windows:
- scratches,
- crazing,
- bulging,
- crazing with bulging,
- delaminating.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 452
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DA000000001
INVESTIGATION OF DAMAGE ON CABIN WINDOWS AND PASSENGER/CREW DOOR WINDOWS - INVESTIGATION OF DAMAGE
ON PASSENGER/CREW DOOR WINDOWS
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 453
DAMAGE ASSESSMENT EXAMPLE 1 D/O (3)

INTRODUCTION
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
The purpose of this example is to present, the complete procedure to be

followed when a damage is discovered, from the damage mapping draft
to the final structure damage assessment. This example was chosen as it
represents one of the more usual types of damage on an A/C and gives
an in depth investigation with all the different stages.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 454
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
INTRODUCTION
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 455

IDENTIFICATION OF THE DAMAGE
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
The damage is located onto the fuselage skin, thus, all the information
regarding the identification of the part, allowable damage and repair, if
any, are to be found within the chapter 53 of the SRM. Information
concerning the damage classification and reporting are to be found within
the SRM chapter 51-11-00. The concerned damage is a dent with no
visible crack. At this stage, take visual reference to facilitate damage
location. Such as, a forward or aft passenger door, or a cargo door, above
or below cabin floor level at stringer (Stgr) 23, close to a longitudinal or
circumferential joint, etc...). If the dent is close to a rivet row, an internal
visual inspection is required to determine whether the internal structure
(frame, stringer, etc...) is also damaged or not.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 456
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 457

MAPPING
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
Using SRM 51-11-13 as a guide, the maximum information should be

taken from the aircraft before starting any assessment (measurement and
location of the maximum depth, distance of dent edges to nearest fastener
rows, existing closest skin joints or any other visible structure that will
help in the detailed location of the damage, etc...).

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 458
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
MAPPING
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 459

MAPPING (continued)
CONT'D
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
Using the data collected from the A/C, the mapping should be
completed by determining the exact location (in terms of frame
numbers and stringer numbers). For this purpose, refer to the beginning
of the chapter 53 (fuselage).

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 460
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
MAPPING - CONT'D
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 461

MAPPING (continued)
CONT'D
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
The illustration of chapter 53-00-00 enables the operator to determine

the circumferential joint related frame numbers.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 462
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
MAPPING - CONT'D
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 463

MAPPING (continued)
CONT'D
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
Using the frame identification illustration of chapter 53-00-00, and

the data collected during the damage mapping, the frames surrounding
the damage can be determined. According to the mapping information,
the damage is located between the first and the second frame after the
circumferential joint located at Fr 24. Consequently, the damage is
located between Fr 25 and 26.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 464
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
MAPPING - CONT'D
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 465

MAPPING (continued)
CONT'D
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
To complete the damage location, the stringers surrounding the damage

also need to be determined. For this purpose the "General panel
identification" illustrations, proposed within chapter 53-00-00 can be
used. According to the data collected on the A//C and the location of
the damage from the existing longitudinal skin joints, the affected
panel can be determined. For this example the damage is located on
panel 7 - lower side shell - located between Stgr 18LH & 32LH, and
Fr 24 & 35.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 466
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
MAPPING - CONT'D
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 467

MAPPING (continued)
CONT'D
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
The information collected can be reported onto the damage mapping.

The damage is located between Fr 25 and 26. The stringer number
corresponds to the longitudinal skin joint from which the damage has
been located. Nevertheless, the exact stringer numbers surrounding
the damage need to be confirmed. For this purpose, the information
provided in the identification page block of the concerned panel has
to be used.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 468
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
MAPPING - CONT'D
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 469

DETAILED IDENTIFICATION
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
The "fuselage section division" illustration of chapter 53-00-00 used

before enables the definition of the affected section: "Forward fuselage"
- section 13/14 - chapter 53-20-00. The general illustration of 53-20-00
identifies the main structural arrangement of the forward fuselage. Skin
plates are part of the "MAIN STRUCTURE" covered by section 53-21-00.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 470
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 471

DETAILED IDENTIFICATION (continued)
CONT'D
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
Following SRM 53-21-00 guidelines, the figure shows that the skin
panels (skin plates) are item number 1. The illustration associated
nomenclature informs us that the full identification of the skin panels
(skin plates) are covered by SRM 53-21-11.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 472
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
DETAILED IDENTIFICATION - CONT'D

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 473

CONT'D
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
All the skin panels (plates) of the forward fuselage are listed within
the nomenclature located at the front page of SRM 53-21-11. Using
the information collected before (affected panel: lower side panel left, between Fr 24 & 35 and Stgr 18 & 32), the nomenclature provides
the figure number we have to refer to: "Skin plates - LWR parts LH
Fr 24 to Fr 35: REFER TO Figure 1".

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 474
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 475

CONT'D
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
The figure 1 identifies two different panels (view A and C). The view
A concerns the skin panel located from Stgr 18LH to 32LH. The view
C concerns the skin panel located from Stgr 32LH to 41LH. According
to the damage mapping, the view A is concerned. The damage has
been located on panel 7 (between Stgr 18LH and 32LH).

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 476
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 477

CONT'D
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
The view A, identifies all the different items which are part of the
panel (e.g. crack stoppers, doublers...), and a view indication identifies
the skin itself for more details (View D). The view D identifies the
different material thicknesses (letter codes), and all the stringer
locations.
There are two different panel configurations illustrated, showing the
basic version of the panel and an other possible version effective after
the embodiment of production modification(s). Modification numbers
are indicated at the bottom of the page. The next step of the
investigation is to define which of these panels is installed on the
concerned A/C.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 478
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 479

CONT'D
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
To identify the actual panel, the modification numbers indicated at

the bottom of the page have to be compared with the service
bulletin/modification list, located at the beginning of chapter 53-20-00.
The purpose is to check their effectivity in terms of Manufacturer
Serial Number (MSN).

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 480
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 481

CONT'D
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
The view D of panel on figure 1, sheet 5 is valid after Modifications

(MODs) 27117P5234 or 2729P5353. Checking the Modification / SB
List at the beginning of chapter 53-20-00, MSN 2057 doesn't appear
in this list of MSN proposed for each of the modification. So the panel
installed on the A/C is a basic version, then, refer to view D figure 1,
sheet 3.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 482
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 483

CONT'D
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
The damage is located between Fr 25 and 26, and is located between

the fourth and the fifth stringer from Stgr 18 LH (longitudinal skin
joint reference).
This information can be reported onto the illustration and gives:
- the material thickness of the area (code B, giving 1.4 mm (0.055
in)),
- the stringer location: the damage is located between Stgr 22LH and
23LH.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 484
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 485

MAPPING (FINALIZATION)
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
The damage mapping can now be completed with the stringer numbers
and the nominal skin thickness in the dented area. The damage
assessment using the allowable damage page block is the next step.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 486
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
DETAILED IDENTIFICATION - MAPPING (FINALIZATION)

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 487

DAMAGE ASSESSMENT
GENERAL
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
To start the damage assessment refer to the page block 101 of the
relevant chapter/section (53-21-11), and start to read carefully the
procedure. A special attention shall be paid to the notes and cautions.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 488
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
DAMAGE ASSESSMENT - GENERAL

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 489

DAMAGE ASSESSMENT (continued)
WEIGHT VARIANT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
A caution note indicates that the allowable damage effectivity per

A/C weight variant may have to be verified. The weight variant is a
criterion which is defined for each model of A/C and depending on
its Maximum Take Off Weight (MTWO), Maximum Landing Weight
(MLW), Maximum Zero Fuel Weight (MSFW). The allowable damage
limits are defined per weight variant and for a same model. The weight
variant can change, depending on the modification or Service Bulletin
(SB) embodiment status. The actual weight variant of the affected
A/C has to be known before starting the assessment. Because of the
modifications, which could be embodied on the A/C, only the airline
engineering department shall give you this information. The actual
weight variant shall be compared with the data given in a table at the
beginning of allowable damage related paragraph.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 490
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
DAMAGE ASSESSMENT - WEIGHT VARIANT

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 491

DAMAGE CRITERIA
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
A second caution note indicates that in some cases, an inspection may

be required to check for crack, even if the damage is determined as
being allowable.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 492
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
DAMAGE ASSESSMENT - DAMAGE CRITERIA

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 493

DAMAGE CRITERIA (CONT'D)
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
Check the applicability of the allowable damage for dents.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 494
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
DAMAGE ASSESSMENT - DAMAGE CRITERIA (CONT'D)

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 495

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
To keep on with the damage assessment procedure, a note asks the

operator to refer to the damage criteria table 101.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 496
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 497

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
The allowable damage description/criteria table (101), shows two

types of dents:
- dent* referring to paragraph 4B,
- dent ** referring to paragraph 4C.
Note that an Inspection Instruction Reference (IIR) is indicated for
dents*. The first step is to define which paragraph is applicable to
reported dent. Dents are considered as fulfilling nearness/form criterion
or out of nearness/form criterion, in accordance with their geometry
and their proximity to the nearest adjacent internal structure elements.
This must be determined according to the parameters defined in figure
104.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 498
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 499

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
To define whether the dent fulfils or not the nearness/form criterion,

two criteria have to be checked:
- the first criterion consists in checking the smallest distance measured
from the dent edge to any fastener row (frame, stringer) distance B.
This distance should be minimum 15 mm (0.59 in),
- the second criterion consists in comparing the depth of the dent (D)
with the smallest distance measured from the deepest point of the dent
to the closest adjacent structure (distance A).
The depth of the dent should be maximum 10% of the distance A. If
one of these criteria is not met, the dent **, and thus paragraph 4C
(dent not fulfilling criteria) should be taken to keep on with paragraph
4B.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 500
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 501

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
The second criterion consists in comparing the depth of the dent (D)
with the smallest distance, measured from the deepest point of the
dent to the closest adjacent structure (distance A). If no access from
inside, the measurement is taken from outside, from the deepest point
of the dent to the closest fastener row (distance X). The distance A
will become distance X - 15 mm, which is the average considered
edge margin.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 502
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 503

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
Check for the first criterion to be fulfilled. B distance : minimum 15

mm. The smallest distance measured between the edge of the dent
and the surrounding fastener rows is 29 mm, which is higher than 15
mm. The first criterion is met.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 504
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 505

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
Check for the second criterion to be fulfilled: the depth of the dent
should be maximum 10% of the distance A. The distance measurement
has been done from outside: the smallest distance between the deepest
point of the dent and the surrounding fastener row is 66 mm. Since
measured from outside, distance A = 66 mm - 15 mm = 51 mm; 10%
of A = 5.1 mm. The second criterion is also fulfilled since the depth
of the dent (D = 4.5 mm) is smaller than 10% of A.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 506
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 507

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
The dent fulfils "nearness/form criterion", then refer to paragraph 4.B.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 508
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 509

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
As mentioned in a caution at the beginning of the allowable damage

pages, the allowable damage applicability have to be checked, using
the weight variant table (table 102) given at the beginning of the
paragraph. The information coming from the airline-engineering
department shows that the MSN 2057 is at weight variant 001.
Checking the table 102, weight variant 001 is included in, and thus
the following allowable damage information can be used.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 510
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 511

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
Compare the dents in accordance with diagram 103.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 512
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 513

ALLOWABLE DENT DIAGRAM
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
The skin thickness in the dented area, and the depth of the dent, are
the keys to get into to diagram. You must refer to the data collected
before (damage mapping).

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 514
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
DAMAGE ASSESSMENT - ALLOWABLE DENT DIAGRAM

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 515

ALLOWABLE DENT DIAGRAM (CONT'D)
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
The skin thickness in the dented area is 1.4 mm (found in the

identification pages). The depth of the dent is 4.5mm (measured from
the A/C damage mapping). These two values are plotted onto the
diagram, which defines a point. The area where this point is located
defines the subsequent actions to be performed. For the concerned
dent, the actions to be performed are as follow: "check damage for
cracks by detailed visual examination. If clear, repair within 3000
FC". Provided that no crack is detected by detailed visual inspection,
the dent is considered as an allowable damage with a time limit
(temporary allowable damage). The A/C can be released. But a repair
will have to be done before 3000 Flight Cycles (FC).

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 516
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DB000000001
DAMAGE ASSESSMENT - ALLOWABLE DENT DIAGRAM (CONT'D)

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 517

INTRODUCTION
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
The purpose of this example is to present you the complete procedure to

be followed when a damage is discovered, from the damage mapping
draft to the final structure damage assessment. This example was chosen
as it represents one of the more usual types of damage on the A/C and
enables to make an in depth investigation with all the different stages.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 518
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
INTRODUCTION
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 519

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
The damage is located onto the fuselage skin, thus, all the information
regarding the identification of the part, allowable damage and repair, if
any, are to be found within the chapter 53 of the SRM. All the information
regarding the damage classification or the rework, if any, are to be found
within SRM chapter 51. The applicable damage is a scratch with no
visible crack. At this stage: take visual reference to facilitate damage
location. Such as, a forward or an aft passenger door, or a cargo door,
above or below the cabin floor level at stringer (Stgr) 23, near a
longitudinal or circumferential skin joint, etc...
If the scratch is near a rivet row, an internal visual inspection is required
to determine whether the internal structure (frame, stringer, etc...) is also
damaged or not.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 520
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 521

MAPPING
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
Using the SRM 51-11-13 as a guide, the maximum information should

be taken from the A/C before starting any assessment. (measurement and
location of the maximum depth, distance of rework edges to the nearest
fastener rows, existing closest skin joints or any other visible structure
that will help in the detailed location of the damage, etc...).

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 522
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
MAPPING
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 523

MAPPING (continued)
CONT'D
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
Using the data collected from the A/C, the mapping should be
completed by determining the exact location (in terms of frame
numbers and stringer numbers). For this purpose refer to the beginning
of chapter 53 - fuselage.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 524
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
MAPPING - CONT'D
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 525

MAPPING (continued)
CONT'D
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
The illustration of chapter 53-00-00 enables the operator to determine

the circumferential skin joints related frame numbers.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 526
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
MAPPING - CONT'D
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 527

MAPPING (continued)
CONT'D
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
Using the frame identification illustration of chapter 53-00-00, and

the data collected during the damage mapping, the frames surrounding
the damage can be determined.
According to the mapping information, the damage is located between
the first and the second frame after the circumferential joint located
at frame (Fr) 64. Consequently the damage is located between Fr 62
and 63.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 528
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
MAPPING - CONT'D
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 529

MAPPING (continued)
CONT'D
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
To complete the damage location, the stringers surrounding the damage

also need to be determined. For this purpose, the "General Panel
Identification" illustrations, proposed within chapter 53-00-00 can be
used. According to the data collected on the A/C and the location of
the damage from the existing longitudinal skin joints, the affected
panel can be determined. For this example, the damage is located on
panel 8 - lower side shell - located between Stgr 18 & 32, and Fr 47
& 64.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 530
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
MAPPING - CONT'D
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 531

MAPPING (continued)
CONT'D
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
The collected information can be reported onto the damage mapping.

The damage is located between Fr 62 and 63. The stringer number
corresponds to the longitudinal skin joint from which the damage has
been located. Nevertheless, the exact stringer numbers surrounding
the damage need to be confirmed. For this purpose, the information
provided in the identification page block of the concerned panel has
to be used.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 532
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
MAPPING - CONT'D
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 533

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
The "Fuselage Section Division" illustration of chapter 53-00-00 used

before, enables the definition of the affected section: rear fuselage section 17 - chapter 53-40-00". The general illustration of 53-40-00
identifies the main structural arrangement of the forward fuselage. The
skin plates are part of the main structure covered by the section 53-41-00.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 534
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 535

CONT'D
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
Following SRM 53-41-00 guidelines, the figure shows that the skin
panels (skin plates) are item number 5. The illustration associated
nomenclature informs us that the full identification of the skin panels
(skin plates) are covered by SRM 53-41-11.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 536
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 537

CONT'D
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
All skin panels (plates) of the forward fuselage are listed within the
nomenclature located at the front page of SRM 53-41-11. Using the
information collected before (affected panel : lower side panel - left,
between Fr 47 & 64 and Stgr 18 & 32), the nomenclature provides
the figure number we have to refer to: "Skin plates - LWR parts LH
Fr 47 to Fr 64: Refer To Figure 6".

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 538
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 539

CONT'D
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
The figure 6, identifies two different panels configurations (view A

and B):
- the view A applies to the basic version of the skin panel,
- the view B applies to the evolution of the skin panel.
So, there are two different panel configurations illustrated, showing
the basic version of the panel and an other possible version effective
after the embodiment of production modification(s). The modification
numbers are indicated at the bottom of the page. The next step of the
investigation is to define which of these panels is installed on the
concerned A/C.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 540
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 541

CONT'D
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
To identify the actual panel, the modification numbers indicated at

the bottom of the page have to be compared with the service
bulletin/modification list (located at the beginning of chapter
53-40-00). In this list, the effectivity in terms of Manufacturer Serial
Number (MSN) has to be checked.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 542
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 543

CONT'D
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
The view B of the panel on figure 1, sheet 5 is valid after Modifications

(MODs) 21468K1489A, 22083K2232B, 24958K4082D or
31012K7082. Checking the Modification/Service Bulletin (SB) List
at the beginning of chapter 53-40-00, it appears that our MSN (2042)
is in this list of MSN proposed for the MOD number 31012K7082.
So, the panel installed on the A/C is a modified version, then refer to
view B figure 6, sheet 2.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 544
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 545

CONT'D
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
The damage is located between Fr 62 and 63, and is located between

the sixth and the eighth stringer from Stgr 18 (longitudinal skin joint
reference).
This information can be reported onto the illustration and gives:
- the material thickness of the area (code C, giving 1.6 mm (0.063 in),
- the stringer location: the damage is located between Stgr 23LH and
25LH.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 546
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 547

MAPPING (FINALIZATION)
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
The damage mapping can now be completed with the stringer numbers
and the nominal skin thickness in the scratched area. The damage
assessment using the allowable damage page block is the next step.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 548
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
DETAILED IDENTIFICATION - MAPPING (FINALIZATION)

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 549

DAMAGE ASSESSMENT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
To start the damage assessments refer to the page block 101 of the relevant
chapter/section (53-41-11). And start to read carefully the procedure. A
special attention shall be paid to the notes and cautions.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 550
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
DAMAGE ASSESSMENT
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 551

DAMAGE CRITERIA
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
Read carefully all the cautions, they could give you information on
the assessment. A second caution note indicates that in some cases,
an inspection may be required to check for crack, even if the damage
is determined as being allowable.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 552
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
DAMAGE ASSESSMENT - DAMAGE CRITERIA

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 553

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
In the allowable damage description/criteria table (101), the paragraph

4A has to be acknowledged for reworks.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 554
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 555

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
Check the applicability of the allowable damage for reworks.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 556
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 557

WEIGHT VARIANT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
A caution note indicates that the allowable damage effectivity per

A/C weight variant may have to be verified. The weight variant is a
criterion, which is defined for each model of A/C and depending on
its Maximum Take Off Weight (MTOW), Maximum Landing Weight
(MLW), and Maximum Zero Fuel Weight (MZFW). The allowable
damage limits are defined per weight variant and for a same model.
The weight variant can change depending on modification or SB
embodiment status. The actual weight variant of the affected A/C has
to be known before starting the assessment. Because of the
modifications, which could be embodied on the A/C, only the
airline-engineering department shall give you this information. The
actual weight variant shall be compared with the data given in a table
in introduction pages.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 558
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
DAMAGE ASSESSMENT - WEIGHT VARIANT

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 559

WEIGHT VARIANT (CONT'D)
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
As mentioned in a caution at the beginning of the allowable damage

pages, the allowable damage applicability has to be checked, using
the weight variant exclusion table (table 4) given at the introduction
of the SRM. The information coming from the airline-engineering
department shows that the MSN 2042 is at weight variant 010.
Checking the table 4, the weight variant 010 is included in and thus,
the following allowable damage information can be used.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 560
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
DAMAGE ASSESSMENT - WEIGHT VARIANT (CONT'D)

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 561

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
Two diagrams are given, one for riveted areas and one for unriveted
areas.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 562
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 563

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
The parameters of the rework have to be determined to be sure that

we are dealing with the correct diagram.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 564
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 565

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
To determine which diagram to use, we have to check if the damage

is located in a riveted area. A riveted area extends from less than 15
mm (0.590 in) all around a rivet. In the applicable damage, the riveted
area and the unriveted area have to be acknowledged. The maximum
depths of the scratch in riveted and unriveted areas have to be
acknowledged too.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 566
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 567

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
To be allowable, the rework width has to be equal or longer than forty

times the depth.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 568
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 569

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
To complete the diagram, the maximum depth of the rework has to

be expressed as a percentage of the damaged skin thickness.
Those two values (found before) are plotted onto the diagram, which
defines a point. The area where this point is located defines the
subsequent actions to be performed.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 570
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 571

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
Check for the first criterion to be fulfilled: the width of the damage
must be at least 40 x T. The depth of the depression in the riveted area
is 0.2 mm; 40*0.2 = 8 mm. The width of the depression is 18.5 mm,
which is higher than 8 mm. So, the first criterion is met.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 572
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 573

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
To complete the diagram, the maximum depth of the rework in the

riveted area has to be expressed as a percentage of the damaged skin
thickness.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 574
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 575

ALLOWABLE REWORK DIAGRAM
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
The depth of the rework as percentage of the skin thickness in

unriveted area, and the length of the rework, are the key to get into to
diagram. You must refer to the data collected before. These two values
are plotted onto the diagram, which defines a point. The area where
this point is located defines the subsequent actions to be performed.
For the concerned rework, read the note: "Check damage for cracks.
Remove damage up to depression depth "T" (section view). Renew
surface protection and repair after 50 flights at the latest". Provided
that no crack is detected by detailed visual inspection, the rework is
considered as an allowable damage with a time limit (temporary
allowable damage). The A/C can be released. But a repair will have
to be done before 50 flights.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 576
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
DAMAGE ASSESSMENT - ALLOWABLE REWORK DIAGRAM

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 577

ALLOWABLE REWORK DIAGRAM (CONT'D)
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
This diagram enables to determine if the damage is allowable, and

the condition of allowability.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 578
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
DAMAGE ASSESSMENT - ALLOWABLE REWORK DIAGRAM (CONT'D)

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 579

DAMAGE ASSESSMENT - CONCLUSION
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
In the allowable example, two assessments have been done, the more
restrictive one has to be acknowledged. So, the damage has to be checked
for cracks, damage up to depression depth has to be removed, the surface
has to be renewed and the A/C has to be repaired after 50 flights at the
latest.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 580
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
DAMAGE ASSESSMENT - CONCLUSION

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 581

A318/A319/A320/A321 (CFM56) : Structure

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

A318/A319/A320/A321 (CFM56) : Structure

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

C e nt r e d e f o rm a ti o n d e t y p e a v i on

Socit Air France 2000

This document must be used for training purposes only

Under no circumstances should this document be used as a reference

It will not be updated.

All rights reserved

SINGLE AISLE TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL

MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 (CFM56-5B/ME)

May 11, 2006

SINGLE AISLE TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL

WINDOW DAMAGE ASSESSMENT D/O (3)

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DA000000001

The windows are:

MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 (CFM56-5B/ME)

WINDOW DAMAGE ASSESSMENT D/O (3)

May 10, 2006

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DA000000001

SINGLE AISLE TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL

WINDOW DAMAGE ASSESSMENT D/O (3)

May 10, 2006

SINGLE AISLE TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL

WINDOW DAMAGE ASSESSMENT D/O (3)

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DA000000001

MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 (CFM56-5B/ME)

WINDOW DAMAGE ASSESSMENT D/O (3)

May 10, 2006

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DA000000001

SINGLE AISLE TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL

INVESTIGATION OF DAMAGE ON COCKPIT WINDOWS

WINDOW DAMAGE ASSESSMENT D/O (3)

May 10, 2006

SINGLE AISLE TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL

WINDOW DAMAGE ASSESSMENT D/O (3)

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DA000000001

MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 (CFM56-5B/ME)

WINDOW DAMAGE ASSESSMENT D/O (3)

May 10, 2006

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DA000000001

SINGLE AISLE TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL

INVESTIGATION OF DAMAGE ON COCKPIT WINDOWS - INVESTIGATION OF DAMAGE ON WINDSHIELDS

WINDOW DAMAGE ASSESSMENT D/O (3)

May 10, 2006

SINGLE AISLE TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL

WINDOW DAMAGE ASSESSMENT D/O (3)

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DA000000001

MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 (CFM56-5B/ME)

WINDOW DAMAGE ASSESSMENT D/O (3)

May 10, 2006

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DA000000001

SINGLE AISLE TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL

INVESTIGATION OF DAMAGE ON COCKPIT WINDOWS - INVESTIGATION OF DAMAGE ON SLIDING WINDOWS

WINDOW DAMAGE ASSESSMENT D/O (3)

May 10, 2006

SINGLE AISLE TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL

WINDOW DAMAGE ASSESSMENT D/O (3)

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DA000000001

MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 (CFM56-5B/ME)

WINDOW DAMAGE ASSESSMENT D/O (3)

May 10, 2006

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DA000000001

SINGLE AISLE TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL

INVESTIGATION OF DAMAGE ON COCKPIT WINDOWS - INVESTIGATION OF DAMAGE ON AFT FIXED WINDOWS

WINDOW DAMAGE ASSESSMENT D/O (3)