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ALBINET Yanis Supply chain Group 2

Quality Management & Improvement Course


Individual Homework Assignment #2 (must be turned in ON PAPER, -1 if
not stapled or if turned in after solutions are given)
Deadline : Session 5
I. Problems
1. A machine at the Pacific Fruit Company fills boxes with raisins. The labeled weight of the
boxes is 9 ounces. The company wants to construct an R-chart to monitor the filling process and
make sure the box weights are in control.
The quality-control department for the company sampled five boxes every two hours for three
consecutive working days. The sample observations are as follows:

a) Construct an X and R charts from these data with 3 sigma control limits, plot the
sample values, and comment on process control. (3 points)

X = (8,894+8,876+8,99+9,194+9,038+8,708+9,054+9,158+9,174+9,064+9,092+9,012)/12 = 9,02
R = (0,67+0,69+0,93+0,52+0,64+0,71+0,45+0,17+1,17+0,99+0,65+0,15)/12 = 0,645
UCLR = 2,11x0,645 = 1,36

LCLR = 0x0,645 = 0

UCLxbar = 9,02+0,577x0,645 = 9,39

LCLxbar = 9,02-0,577x0,645 = 8,65

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ALBINET Yanis Supply chain Group 2

R-Chart

R (range)

LCL R

CL R

UCL R

X-Chart

X bar

LCL xbar

10

11

12

CL xbar

UCL xbar

As a result, we can affirm that the process is in control : there is no value under LCL and no
value over UCL.

2. The Midwest Bolt would like to control the quality of the bolts produced by its automatic
screw machines. Each machine produces 100 bolts per hour and is controlled by a separate
control chart. The average range is .020 and the overall average of measurements (x double
bar) is .513. Every hour, a random sample of six bolts is selected from the output of each
machine and the diameter of each sample bolt is measured. For each six diameters, an
average and range are computed. For example, one sample produced the following six
measurements: .536, .507, .530, .525, .530, .520. ( 3 points)
a) What is the average and range for this sample?
R = 0,536-0,507 = 0,29; The range for this sample is 0,29.
X = (0,536+0,530+0,507+0,525+0,530+0,520)/6 = 0,524; the average for this sample is 0,524.

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ALBINET Yanis Supply chain Group 2


b) What are UCL, LCL for the x and R charts?
X LCL = 0,503

R LCL = 0

X UCL = 0,523

R UCL = 0,040

c) Is the process in control?


The process is out of control. 3 points are outside of the limits : 0,525 ; 0,530 ; 0,536 are higher than
the UCL.

II. Questions (4 points)


1. Explain the difference between attribute control charts and variable control charts.
Attribute control data counts for data considered like discrete values (numbers of defects, counting
numbers) whereas variable control charts refer to continuous data (measurements like money, size,
time etc).
2. How are mean (xbar) and range (R-) charts used together?
These charts help to determine if a process is stable and predictable. The X-bar chart shows how the
mean or average changes over time and the R chart shows how the range of the subgroups changes
over time. Mean charts and range charts are used together, in pair, both charts have to be analyzed to
determine if the process is stable or not.
3. What is the purpose of a control chart?
A control charts has many purposes:
-

Determine process capabilities


Analyze and monitor a process
Understand if the process is in or out of control by understanding its variations

4. What determines the width of the control limits in a process chart?


A number of standard deviations define the limits in a process charts, according to a normal
distribution.
UCL = Xbar + 3 * standard deviation

LCL = Xbar - 3 * standard deviation

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ALBINET Yanis Supply chain Group 2

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