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GLOSARIO DE ALGUNOS
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TERMINOS USUALMENTE USADOS
EN MATEMATICA
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ALGEBRATOR
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EduPon
ESPAOL E INGLES
Calculadora: Qu es? Un diagrama que ilustra informacin bajo la forma de una tabla, grfica o
imagen.
Inecuacin: Un enunciado matemtico que compara dos cantidades que no son iguales se
denomina inecuacin.
Decimal: En base a 10. Ejemplo: los nmeros que usamos todos los das son nmeros decimales,
porque son 10 (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 y 9). Generalmente "nmero decimal" se utiliza adems para
referirse a un nmero que utiliza un punto seguido de dgitos como forma de mostrar valores
menores que uno. Ejemplo: 1.9 es un nmero decimal (uno con nueve novenos)
Simplificar: Utilizar las reglas aritmticas y algebraicas para reescribir una expresin de la forma
ms simple posible.
Ecuaciones simultneas: Ver sistema de ecuaciones (simultneas).
Ecuacin de un solo paso: Una ecuacin o inecuacin que puede resolverse en un solo paso o con
una sola accin.
Ecuacin diferencial de primer orden: Una ecuacin diferencial comn de orden 1. O sea, una
ecuacin diferencial en la que la derivada ms alta es la derivada primera. Por ejemplo, y' + xy = 1
es una ecuacin diferencial de primer orden.
Expresin algebraica: Una expresin que contiene una variable sola o con nmeros y signos
operadores.
Resta: Una operacin que da la diferencia entre dos nmeros o dice cuntos quedan cuando se
quitan algunos.
lgebra: El lgebra es la rama de la matemtica que utiliza letras, signos y/o caracteres para
representar nmeros y expresar relaciones matemticas. Esos smbolos se llaman variables.
Fraccin: Las fracciones son nmeros racionales como parte de dos nmeros enteros a/b (b no
puede ser 0). Puedes pensar en las fracciones como si dividieras un pastel en pedazos. Cada trozo
del pastel es una fraccin del pastel. El nmero de abajo b (el denominador) divide al tamao del
trozo del pastel y el de arriba (a) define cuntos trozos de pastel tienes.
Calculadora: Qu es? Una mquina que realiza clculos aritmticos.
Funcin radical: Cualquier funcin cuya ecuacin es tambin una ecuacin radical.
Ecuacin diferencial: Una ecuacin diferencial es aquella ecuacin que incluye las derivadas
primeras o ms altas de la funcin a resolver. Si la ecuacin implica solamente derivadas primeras
se llama ecuacin de primer orden, y as sucesivamente. Si solamente estn implicadas las
ensimas potencias de las derivadas, se dice que la ecuacin es de ensimo grado. Las ecuaciones
de primer grado se llaman lineales. Las ecuaciones de una sola variable se llaman ecuaciones
Chart:What is it? A diagram that illustrates information in the form of a table, graph, or picture.
Inequality:A mathematical sentence comparing two quantities that are not equal is called an
inequality.
Decimal:Based on 10 Example: the numbers we use in everyday life are decimal numbers, because
there are 10 of them (0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 and 9). Often "decimal number" is also used to mean a
number that uses a decimal point followed by digits as a way of showing values less than one.
Example: 1.9 is a decimal number (one and nine tenths)
Simplify:To use the rules of arithmetic and algebra to rewrite an expression as simply as possible.
Simultaneous equations:See under system of (simultanwous) equations.
One step equation:An equation or inequality that can be solved in one step or action.
First order differential equation:An ordinary differential equation of order 1. That is, a differential
equation in which the highest derivative is a first derivative. For example, y' + xy = 1 is a first order
differential equation.
Algebraic expression:An expression that contains a variable alone or with numbers and operation
symbols.
Subtraction:an operation that tells the difference between two numbers or how many are left
when some are taken away.
Algebra:Algebra is the branch of mathematics that uses letters, symbols, and/or characters to
represent numbers and express mathematical relationships. Those symbols are called variables.
Fraction:Fractions are rational numbers which a ration of an two integers a/b (b cannot be 0). You
can think of fractions as dividing a pie into pieces. Each piece of pie is a fraction of a pie. The
bottom number b (the denominator) divides the size of the piece of pie and the top number (a)
defines how many pieces of pie you have.
Calculator:What is it? A machine for performing arithemtical calculations.
Radical function:Any function whose equation is also a radical equation.
Differential equation:A differential equation is an equation involving the first or higher derivatives
of the function to be solved for. If the equation only involves first derivatives it is called an
equation of order one, and so on. If only n-th powers of the derivatives are involved, the equation
is said to have degree n. Equations of degree one are called linear. Equations in only one variable
are called ordinary differential equations to distinguish them from partial differential equations.
Square root:8 is called a square root of 64 because 8 x 8 = 64. But -8 is also a square root of 64 as 8 x -8 = 64. Every positive number has two square roots, one positive and one negative. 841 let say
has 29 and -29 as its square roots because 29 x 29 = 841 and -29 x -29 = 841. In general m is called
a square root of a number N if m x m = N, and then it will always be true that -m is also a square
root. The Notation ??N can be used for the positive square root of a number. Note that the
positive squa
Negative integer:Any integer less than zero.
Rational expression:An expression with fractions, especially when there is a variable in the
denominator. The variable can not make the denominator equal to zero.
Algebra:What is it? Algebra is the branch of mathematics that uses letters, symbols, and/or
characters to represent numbers and express mathematical relationships. Those symbols are
called variables.
Super:A prefix that means that a mathematical structure is analogous to supersymmetry. Typically
these structures have commuting and anticommmuting variables that are placed on an equal
footing. For example, a supermanifold has anticommuting supercoordinates along with the usual
commuting coordinates of its coordinate charts.
Simple fraction:A fraction where the numerator and denominator are both integers. Also known
as a common or vulgar fraction.
Algebra:Algebra is the study of generalized arithmetic. In algebra, unknown numbers can be
represented by letters in order to solve equations. For example, 4 + x = 10 is true for x=6. Algebra
(originally called al-jabr, meaning "restoration") was invented in the Middle East by Abu Ja'far
Muhammad ibn Musa Al-Khwarizmi (born in Baghdad about AD 825) during the Middle Ages.
Exponent:a small figure placed to the upper-right of a number showing the number of times to
multiply that number by itself
Factoring:Finding what to multiply to get an expression. (Called Factorizing in British English.)
Example: 2y+6 = 2(y+3), so the factors of 2y+6 are 2 and (y+3)
Square root:The square root of x is the number that, when multiplied by itself, gives the number x
.
Algebra:area of math dealing in representing numbers with letters
Math:The grammar of size (amount), shape, and/or order. (according to Lancelot Hogben in
Mathematics for the Million) The study and description of patterns A way to describe
measurements of reality in symbols There are many other ways to define, describe, and use math.
No one can name them all, but it is fun and deeply satisfying to investigate them.
Algebra:The study of equations using variables. At Capitan High School, the study of algebra is
broken into Algebra 1 and Algebra 2.
Expression a:collection of constants, variables, symbols of operations, and grouping symbols.