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Exercise 1. Arm
Exercise 1
Arm
1-1 Introduction
In this exercise, we will create a 3D
solid model for an arm, which is a
part of a clamping mechanism [1].
The clamping mechanism will be
introduced in Exercise 17 and
simulated in Exercise 17a.
The arm model consists of a
single solid body, which can be
generated by extruding a sketch by a
thickness of 0.125 inches [2].
Before creating a geometry
model, we must set up a global
coordinate system. For this exercise,
we arbitrarily choose the global
coordinate system as shown [3].
Note that the origin is on the back
surface of the part.
R0.313
1.375
R0.313
X
3 D0.25
2.25
R0.25
[2] Details of
the arm.
Unit: in.
Thickness: 0.125 in.
R0.5
Exercise 1. Arm
[7] Double-click
<Geometry> to start
up the DesignModeler.
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Exercise 1. Arm
Speech Bubbles
1. In this book, each exercise is divided into subsections (e.g., 1-1, 1-2). In each subsection, speech bubbles are
ordered with numbers, which are enclosed by pairs of square brackets (e.g., [1], [2]). When you read, please follow
the order of speech bubble; the order is significant.
2. The square-bracket numbers also serve as reference numbers when referred in other text. When in the same
subsection, we simply refer to a speech bubble by its number (e.g., [1], [2]). When in the other subsections, we refer
to a speech bubble by its subsection identifier and its bubble number (e.g., 1-2[1]).
3. When a circle is used with a speech bubble, it is to indicate that mouse or keyboard ACTIONS are needed in that
step [1, 3, 4, 7, 9, 10]. A circle may be filled with white color [1, 4, 7] or unfilled [3, 9, 10]. A speech bubble without a
circle [2, 8] or with a rectangle [6] is used for commentary only, i.e., no mouse or keyboard actions are needed.
Workbench Keywords
A pair of angle brackets is used to highlight an Workbench keyword (e.g., <Component Systems> in [3]).
Sometimes, if the angle brackets do not add any clarity, they may be dropped (e.g., DesignModeler).
Exercise 1. Arm
[1] By default,
<XYPlane> is the
current sketching
plane (active plane).
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Exercise 1. Arm
[1] Select
<Circle> tool.
[7] Select
<Dimension>
toolbox.
[8] Select
<Diameter> tool.
Exercise 1. Arm
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Exercise 1. Arm
[3] Select
<Circle> tool.
Exercise 1. Arm
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[7] Select
<Dimension> toolbox
and then select
<Horizontal> tool.
[11] In the <Details
View>, type 1.375 for
the horizontal
dimension.
[13] Select
<Vertical> tool.
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Exercise 1. Arm
Exercise 1. Arm
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Exercise 1. Arm
Exercise 1. Arm
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Exercise 1. Arm
[2] It automatically
switches to
<Modeling Mode>, in
which a <Tree
Outline> is
displayed, which will
be explained later.
Exercise 1. Arm
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1-12 Review
Global Coordinate System
Before creating a geometry model, you must set up a global coordinate system (1-1[3], 1-3[6]).
Workbench GUI
In the <Workbench GUI> (1-2[2]), you can create a system (1-2[4]) and start up DesignModeler (1-2[7]). Other
capabilities will be introduced later.
Project Schematic
Created systems appear on the <Project Schematic>, an area in the <Workbench GUI>.
DesignModeler GUI
Geometries are created entirely within the <DesignModeler GUI> (1-2[8]).
Length Unit
Before creating a model in the DesignModeler, you must choose a length unit (1-2[9, 10]). The length unit cannot be
changed thereafter.
Mouse Operations
Click
-- Left-click the mouse button.
Select
-- Left-click the mouse button.
Double-Click -- Left-click the mouse button twice.
Zoom In/Out -- Scroll the mouse wheel
Pan
-- Move the mouse while holding control-left-button.
Other mouse operations will be introduced later.
Look At Face/Plane/Sketch
Clicking this tool to rotate the view angle so that you look at the current sketching plane (1-3[3]).
Ruler
The ruler (1-3[4, 5]) is to help you obtain a better feeling of the drawing scale. In this book, we always leave the ruler
off to make more sketching space.
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Exercise 1. Arm
Scrolling
In case you don't see a tool in a toolbox, scroll down/up to reveal the tool (1-4[2]). There is also a scrolling controller
for the <Details View>.
-- Draw a circle, giving the center and the radius (1-4[1, 3-5]).
-- Draw a line tangent to two curves (including circles and arcs) (1-7[1, 2]).
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
Auto Constraints
P -- The mouse cursor snaps to a point (or the origin) (1-4[4]).
R -- The radius is the same as another circle (or arc) (1-4[5]).
C -- The mouse cursor is coincident to a line (or an axis) (1-5[4, 6]).
Other auto constraint features will be introduced later.
Color Codes
Greenish-blue --
Blue
--
Red
--
Under-constrained (1-8[2])
Fully constrained (fixed in the space) (1-4[9], 1-5[10,14]).
Over-constrained
Zoom To Fit
Click this tool to fit the entire sketch (in the <Sketching> mode) or entire model (in the <Modeling> mode) into the
graphics window (1-4[14]).
Extrude
This tool extrude a sketch by a specified depth to create a 3D body (1-10[1-5]). More exercises will be given later.
Isometric View
Click the little cyan sphere of the triad will rotate the view into an isometric view (1-10[3]). Other view controls will
be introduced later.
Display Plane
This tool is to toggle the display of current sketching plane and the sketches it contains (1-10[6]).
Appendix:
Exercise 1a
Structural Analysis of the Arm
1a-1 Introduction
Although it can be used as a general purpose
CAD software, the DesignModeler is
particularly designed for creating geometric
models to be analyzed (simulated) under the
ANSYS environment. The purpose of this
exercise is to let the readers understand what
it means by analysis (simulation). However, the
reader has option to skip this exercise without
affect the subsequent learning of geometric
modeling.
In this exercise, we will perform a static
structural analysis for the arm created in
Exercise 1. The objective is to find the
deformation and stresses under the working
loads.
The clamping mechanism is entirely
made of steel and is designed to withstand a
clamping force of 450 lbf [1]. After a
structural analysis of the entire mechanism [2]
(also see Exercise 17a), the results show
shows that, to withstand a clamping force of
450 lbf, the arm is subject to external forces as
shown [3] (also see 17a-13). Note that the
external forces are in a state of static
equilibrium.
The analysis for the entire clamping
mechanism will be perform in Exercise 17a. In
this exercise, we will only perform a analysis
on the arm. The purpose is to make sure the
stresses are within the allowable stress of the
steel, which is 30,000 psi.
The analysis task cannot not be
performed in DesignModeler. Rather, it is
carried out with <Mechanical>, another
Workbench application program.
281 lbf
264 lbf
77 lbf
407 lbf
126 lbf
187 lbf
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[6] Double-click to
start up the
<Mechanical>.
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[4] Click
<Apply>.
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[5] Undeformed
shape.
[2] Click the Z-axis
to rotate the view so
that you look into the
<XYPlane>.
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