THE TAMILNADU NATIONAL LAW SCHOOL, TIRUCHIRAPPALLI

RESEARCH PROJECT ON
CIVIL AVIATION AUTHORITY AND CUSTOMS AUTHORITY IN THE UAE
IN FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR INTERNAL COMPONENT IN

ADMINISTRATIVE LAW - 1
By
SHAAZIM SHAGAR
(BA0140056)
Submitted To
Ms. DEEPA MANICKAM,
ASST. PROFESSOR OF LAW.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

I take immense pleasure in thanking PROF. DEEPA MANICKAM, our teacher for having
permitted me to carry out this project work. I express my gratitude to her for giving me an
opportunity to explore the world of information concerning my project topic.
Words are inadequate in thanking my seniors and batch mates for their support and cooperation
in carrying out the project work.
Finally, I would like to thank my family members for their blessings and wishes for the
successful completion of the project.

SHAAZIM SHAGAR,
BA0140056.

CONTENTS

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER 1
CHAPTER 2
CONCLUSION
BIBLIOGRAPHY
ARTICLES

PAGE NO.4
PAGE NO.5
PAGE NO.12
PAGE NO.18
PAGE NO.20
PAGE NO.20

CIVIL AVIATION AUTHORITY AND CUSTOMS AUTHORITY IN THE UAE

INTRODUCTION:
The General Civil Aviation Authority (GCAA) was established in 1996 by Federal
Cabinet Decree (Law 4) to regulate Civil Aviation and provide designated aviation services with
3

emphasis on safety and security and to strengthen the aviation industry within the UAE and its
upper airspace. The main office is located in Abu Dhabi and the regional office is located in
Dubai to serve the northern Emirates. The GCAA, which is the sole authority for the control and
regulation of civil aviation in the UAE, is responsible for the provision of en-route air navigation
services and all aspects of flight safety. In late 2009, the GCAA opened its new Air Navigation
Centre, The Sheikh Zayed Centre, which is considered the largest and busiest air traffic
management facility in the Middle East as well as one of the worlds most technically advanced
centres in terms of its design. In 2009, GCAA adopted an Overall Transformation Program
(OTP) which the outputs of which was executed as early as 2010. The program aims at making a
quantum leap in terms of work efficiency and effectiveness by developing a strategic plan and
restructuring the corporate and governmental body of the Authority, in a way that enables it to
work in line with the UAE's strategic purposes and cope with the ongoing development in the
aviation sector in accordance with international standards. The United Arab Emirates,
represented by GCAA, is an active member of the Council of the International Civil Aviation
Organization (ICAO) and its specialized committees. It is also a member of the Arab Civil
Aviation Commission (ACAC) Executive Council, and currently H.E Saif Mohammed Al
Suwaidi, Director General of GCAA is heading the ACAC Executive Council.
The FCA was established by the Federal Decree Law no. (1) of 2003 G issued by H.H.
Sheikh Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahyan on establishment of the Federal Customs Authority (FCA). 1
According to the Decree Law no. (1) of 2003 G, the FCA is responsible for the customs affairs. It
draws the customs policy in cooperation with customs departments, prepare standardized
legislation to regulate the customs work, supervise the execution of the legislation by the
customs departments and the related governmental authorities and protect the country from
smuggling and fraud in cooperation and coordination with the relevant authorities.
CHAPTER 1:
The GCAA authority functions2:
1 https://www.fca.gov.ae/en/aboutus/pages/beginning.aspx
2 https://www.gcaa.gov.ae/en/pages/welcomegcaa.aspx

1. Promulgate the general policy for civil aviation and propose laws and regulations which
ensure the organization thereof, forming the necessary committees to implement such policies
and representing the State in the negotiations on matters involving its functions, and proposing
the conclusion of bilateral agreements in the area of civil aviation and aerial meteorology, in
accordance with the provisions of the constitution.
2. Promulgate rules related to overflight of the territory of the State, landing and departing from
its airports, and the conditions of carriage of passengers, cargo and mail according to the Law,
and in coordination with local authorities.
3. Determine areas over which flying is prohibited, restricted or dangerous on coordination with
the concerned authorities in the State.
4. Determine aerial navigation routes to be followed on entry, departure or overflight by those
aircraft given permission to transit the territory of the State.
5. Determine the condition for the registration of aircraft in the State, the registering and issue of
the airworthiness certificates, and the specifications of nationality and registration symbols, and
notifying the International Civil Aviation Organization regarding aircraft to which these matters
apply and if any changes that may occur thereto.
6. Determine requirements for the appointment of aircraft crew members and issue the necessary
licenses and related documents as appropriate.
7. Determine the documents which should be carried on board aircraft in the conduct of and
inspect compliance of those aerial navigation aircraft registered in the State.
8. Promulgate the rules which ensure protection of aerial navigation lights and signals, in
coordination with the local authorities.
9. Undertake the Air Traffic Control operations in the State.

10. Ensure enforcement of accepted international regulations and standards at airports of the
State, including the aviation agreement, and following up their execution in coordination with
the local authority.
11. Promulgate and organize training programs as appropriate to various aviation specialties.
12. Supervise the maintenance and repair of aircraft and the extent of conformity of manufacture
with international and local specifications, and the locations in which such maintenance and
repair are accomplished , and issue the necessary certificates and licenses for conducting such
activities.
GCAA Chairman : Eng. Sultan Bin Saeed Al Mansoori, Minister of Economy Chairman of the
GCAA Board3
GCAA DG : Saif Mohammed Al Suwaidi, Director General UAE General Civil Aviation
Authority.4
GCAA Strategic Objectives5

1. To Strengthen a culture of sustainable compliance with Safety and Security requirements.

2. Improved safety, efficiency and service standards of ANS.
3. Strengthen UAE position by enhancing GCAA engagement with regional and
international organizations.
4. Facilitate air connectivity and support aviation industry to maintain sustainable growth.
5. To ensure that GCAA services are provided according to the standards of quality,
efficiency and transparency.
6. To acquire, develop appropriate Human resources and infrastructures to support the
achievements of GCAA objectives in a cost effective, efficient and professional manner.

3 https://www.gcaa.gov.ae/en/pages/chairmanmessage.aspx
4 https://www.gcaa.gov.ae/en/pages/dgmessage.aspx
5 https://www.gcaa.gov.ae/en/aboutgcaa/pages/strategicobjectives.aspx

Vision, Mission & Values: 6

Vision:
A leading, safe, secure and sustainable civil aviation system.
Mission:
To regulate and oversee aviation safety, security and environment, deliver air navigation services
and facilitate air connectivity through international collaboration in order to serve the general
public and the civil aviation industry in a responsive and cost effective manner
Values:

Security and Safety: Promoting a culture of security and safety at the individual and
corporate level.

People: Developing people to the highest standards and level of expertise in technical
and non-technical areas.

Stakeholder Focus: Promoting healthy dialogue and partnership with stakeholders.

Integrity: Applying the highest legal, ethical and moral standards to our work and with
each other.

Professionalism: Encouraging an atmosphere of mutual respect, responsiveness and

teamwork with our stakeholder community, general public and with our colleagues.

Efficiency: Committing to continuous improvement in operations and costs through

responsible management.

6 https://www.gcaa.gov.ae/en/aboutgcaa/pages/visionmissionvalues.aspx
7

Achievements: 7

1- Middle East meeting of the Organization of Civil Air Navigation Services

Participation of the Authority in the meeting of the Executive Committee of the Middle East
branch of the Organization of the Air Navigation Services (CANSO) in January 2010, were
approved during the meeting of all participating institutions on the "Dubai Declaration" which is
based on several axes, the most important security and the environment.
2- Seminar

on

Aviation

Safety

System

Hosted by the Commission in cooperation with the International Civil Aviation Organization and
the United Nations Food seminar on safety management systems and that in January 2010 at the
Faculty of the United Arab Emirates Air, where the conference is part of the plan of the World
Food Programme to strengthen the systems of air safety and security, which includes training
courses and conferences on safety and support frameworks to prevent accidents.
3- International Conference on Operational Aviation Safety Audit and Handling errors
The Authority has been hosted for the International Conference on Operational Aviation Safety
Audit address the processing errors, which was organized in collaboration with the World Food
Programme in the period from 15 to 16 March 2010, Abu Dhabi, where he participated in the
conference of experts and specialists from 20 countries and organizations, which discussed the
application of a new program for control systems to prevent accidents and limit and how to apply
the program in the region.
4- Vertical

Aircraft

Safety

Team

Meeting

To host the meeting of the Aviation Safety Team to GCC Abu Dhabi in March 2010 and was
attended by representatives of all operators of helicopters in the United Arab Emirates, Qatar,
Saudi Arabia, where they discussed the mechanisms and criteria to be applied to resolve the
obstacles and dangers of helicopter operations to reduce the incidence of accidents to 80% by
2016.
7 https://www.gcaa.gov.ae/en/AboutGCAA/Pages/Achievements.aspx

5- International

Cooperation

of

the

European

Agency

for

Aviation

Safety

United Arab Emirates has been chosen to be represented by the Authority to organize the Second
International Forum on the European Agency for Aviation Safety in the period from 27 to 29
April 2010 in Abu Dhabi, which will be held for the second time in a row for the first time
outside Europe. With the participation of more than 100 delegations representing 50 countries
and the Organization of aviation from around the world, with the goal of the forum to exchange
experiences and knowledge between countries and organizations that adopt the standards of the
European Agency for Aviation Safety in addition to brief the participants on the latest
developments relating to legislation and methodology of the European aviation safety.
6- Investigation

on

the

Helicopters

Accidents

Workshop

Authority hosted an investigation on the helicopters accidents workshop during the period from
11 to 18 April 2010 in Abu Dhabi, in collaboration with the Institute for Southern California for
safety in the United States of America and witnessed 22 participants from the Commission and
civil aviation authorities in the countries of the Cooperation Council for the Arab Gulf states and
the operators of helicopters in the country. The workshop focused on the basis of investigations
and aviation systems, aviation and helicopters structure stages of the investigation and
performance and to ensure that the investigation of aircraft accidents are based on the state of the
art
7- Meetings

centers
of

and
the

institutes

Commission

of

the

in

this

African

Civil

area
Aviation

The Contribution of the Authority in meetings of the commission of the African civil aviation
that took place in Chad in the period of 11th 13th May 2010, where the authority has discussed
many issues and topics relevant to the development of civil aviation operations in the countries
of Africa during the meetings of the Commission of the African Civil Aviation especially those
related to training operations, search and rescue and technical coordination.
8- Regional

Civil

Aviation

Security

Conference

The UAE General Civil Aviation Authority (GCAA) hosted the Middle East Regional Civil
Aviation Security Forum in Abu Dhabi during the period from 1st 2nd June 2010. The
Regional Security conference attended by Ministers in charge of Civil Aviation and DirectorsGeneral of Civil Aviation Authorities in Middle East in order to discuss and adopt and adopt a
9

coherent and consistent strategies to meet the challenges of aviation security and the prevention
of risks in the region and the world, was attended by about 150 representatives from Arab
countries and the United States and Canada.
9- ICAO

forum

for

search

and

rescue

operations

The United Arab Emirates hosted the represented by the Authority during the period from 21 to
22 June 2010 in Abu Dhabi Events "Forum ICAO for search and rescue operations" in
cooperation with the International Civil Aviation Organization with the participation of a broad
international experts who specialize in search and rescue operations and a group of senior
officials in the civil aviation sector, locally, regionally and internationally , where he witnessed
the forum posts to experts and specialists and delegates from about 189 Member States of the
Organization of Civil Aviation. The themes raised in the first day of "the importance of search
and rescue efforts in civil aviation operations of modern techniques used in the rescue, a study on
search and rescue operations and lessons learned, and other specialized subjects.
10- Elected representative of the State Vice-Chairman of the Commission on Air Transport
of

the

Council

of

International

Civil

Aviation

Organization

Election of the Council of International Civil Aviation Organization, "ICAO" unanimously

Captain Aisha Al Hamili representative of the United Arab Emirates United Arab Vice-Chairman
of the Commission on Air Transport of the Council of the Organization during the first meeting
of the session of the Council of 189, which was held at its headquarters in the city of Montreal,
Canada.
Aviation Security Affairs: 8

Responsible for supporting the UAE Federal Government in the development and review

of national aviation security policies and legislation

Responsible for supporting the preparation of the annual budget and manpower
requirements

8https://www.gcaa.gov.ae/en/Departments/ASI/Pages/AviationSafetySecurity.aspx

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Responsible for managing the security technical function and its employees, along three
main activities :
o Policy, Regulation & Planning
o Oversight and Inspections
o Intelligence & Threat Assessment
Responsible for ensuring
o Development, maintenance and issuance security regulations, and dangerous
goods regulation
o Development and maintenance of the National Civil Aviation Security Programme
(NCASP), including National Training, Quality Control, Facilitation, Regulated
Agents, Security Screener Certification Programmes
o Approval of Aviation Security Programmes for airports, commercial air transport
operators, and others
o Inspection and audit airports, commercial air transport operators, catering
operators, regulated agents and tenants and security-training organizations
o Oversight of security operators approved programmes
o Support to the National Civil Aviation Security and Facilitation Committee, and to
the Technical Civil Aviation Security and Facilitation Committee, as required by
the UAE Federal Government
o Cooperation and maintenance of intelligence network with domestic and
international Security Authorities and Agencies
o Support the UAE Federal government in pursuing International Aviation Security
MoUs and cooperation.

Aviation Safety Affairs Sector: 9

The Aviation Safety Affairs Sector reports directly to the Director General (DG). The
Executive Director has been appointed to manage the entire aviation safety affairs sector which
consists of the following departments Air Navigation and Aerodrome (ANA), Airworthiness
(AW), Flight Operation (FOP), Licensing (LIC) and Policy, Regulation and Planning (PRP). The
Aviation Safety Sector was created to cluster all aviation safety related activities into one
function. It is responsible for the regulation and oversight of the safety of the aviation industry in
the United Arab Emirates.
9 https://www.gcaa.gov.ae/en/Departments/AS/Pages/default.aspx
11

Air Accident Investigation: 10

The objective of the air accident and incident investigation is to enhance aviation safety
by determining the causes and contributing factors related to the occurrence and issuance of
safety recommendations to prevent reoccurrence. Investigations are conducted in accordance
with UAE Civil Aviation Law No. 20 of 1991, in compliance with the Civil Aviation Regulation
(CAR) Part VI Chapter 3, and in conformity with Annex 13 to the Convention on International
Civil Aviation. It is not the purpose of the investigation activity to apportion blame or liability.
CHAPTER 2:
FCA FEDERAL CUSTOMS AUTHORITY OF THE UAE:

The FCA was established by the Federal Decree Law no. (1) of 2003 G issued by H.H.
Sheikh Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahyan on establishment of the Federal Customs Authority
(FCA). 11

According to the Decree Law no. (1) of 2003 G, the FCA is responsible for the customs
affairs. It draws the customs policy in cooperation with customs departments, prepare
standardized legislation to regulate the customs work, supervise the execution of the
legislation by the customs departments and the related governmental authorities and
protect the country from smuggling and fraud in cooperation and coordination with the
relevant authorities.

FUNCTIONS AND RESPONSIBILITIES:

Article (5) of the Decree Law no (1) of 2003 G precisely determined the jurisdictions of the FCA
in the following points:12

10 https://www.gcaa.gov.ae/en/departments/airaccidentinvestigation/pages/default.aspx
11 https://www.fca.gov.ae/en/aboutus/pages/beginning.aspx
12 https://www.fca.gov.ae/en/aboutus/pages/default.aspx
12

1. Setting the general policy of customs affairs in the State in cooperation with customs
departments and supervising its implementation.
2. Proposing draft laws related to customs affairs and supervision of their implementation.
3. Regulating customs works in the State.
4. Proposing dues of custom services provided that it is ratified by a resolution by the
Council of Ministers.
5. Preparing regulations, rules, procedures and customs statements applicable in the State.
6. Preparing rules and regulations for combating smuggling and fraud, and supervising and
controlling their implementation.
7. Coordinating with customs departments regarding unification of joint customs services
among customs departments.
8. Controlling tariff application and customs procedures, standardizing paper documents
and customs data, and setting a plan for joint development and training.
9. Collecting and disseminating data, information and statistics related in nature to customs
in the State.
10. Representing the State in Arab, regional and international meetings and conferences and
following up the implementation of resolutions issued therein, in cooperation with the
competent authorities in the State.
11. Implementing entry procedures into the State in the customs union of the GCC States, or
in any other customs unions.

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Vision:
Achieving highest International Standards leading to a safe society and facilitated trade.
Mission:
To develop and supervise the implementation of Customs policies and legistation, and to
effectively participate internationally to promote trade and combat fraud and smuggling.

Values:

Transparency: transparency in dealing with partners within the authority.

Professionalism

Teamwork: adopting teamwork spirit.

Leadership: working to attain advanced positions in collective work within the scope of
customs.

Excellence and quality.

Strategic Objectives:

Develop customs' in the area of trade facilitation and support competitiveness.

Support customs' departments in the field of inspection and risk management to enhance
the security of the society.

Enhance customs' relationships with other countries and International organizations.

Ensure that all administrative services are in accordance with the standards of the quality,
efficiency and transparency.

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ABU DHABI CUSTOMS:13

Strict laws apply regarding the import of specific items into the UAE. Abu Dhabi General
Administration of Customs uses the latest detection and computer systems for the development
of work and facilitation of customs inspections while completing transactions quickly and
accurately. The customs centers use a variety of systems for inspection of trucks and tourist
buses and vans, luggage and individuals including fixed and portable X-ray operated truck
inspection devices, fixed scanners for tourist buses and vans, and scanning vehicles used for
trucks and personal luggage as well as airport and post office scanners.

DUBAI CUSTOMS:14
Dubai Customs is one of the oldest governmental departments. Previously known as farada
(collection of taxes and duties imposed on the imported goods), Dubai Customs was named "The
Mother of the Departments" for its long history.
Like all countries, dubai have rules about what you can and cant bring with you.
Everyone who arrives must pass through customs. Some items can result in fines or, in cases
such as narcotic drugs, imprisonment. It is better to declare your goods when you arrive, if you
are unsure about it.
Security checks upon arrival:15
The passengers has to follow the Arrivals and Exit signs to Passport Control. After
passing through Passport Control, you will arrive at the baggage carousels. Once you have
13 https://www.fca.gov.ae/En/UAE-Customs/Pages/AuhCustoms.aspx
14 https://www.fca.gov.ae/En/UAE-Customs/Pages/DubaiCustoms.aspx
15 http://www.abudhabiairport.ae/english/airport-information/check-in-and-passportcontrol/customs.aspx

15

collected your luggage you will pass through Customs control. If you have nothing to declare,
simply pass through.
Duty free allowances:16
Each traveller is permitted to bring the following with them into the United Arab Emirates
(UAE):

4 litres of alcohol or one carton / 24 cans of beer

AED 2,000 worth of cigarettes or 400 sticks of cigarettes

AED 3,000 worth of cigars

2 kilograms of tobacco

AED 3,000 worth of gifts, including perfume

Personal allowances:17

Gifts not exceeding AED 3,000.

Cash above AED 100,000 must be declared.

Maximum of 400 cigarettes, 50 cigars, 500 grams of tobacco.

Maximum of 4 litres alcohol, 48 cans of beer.

16 https://www.fca.gov.ae/en/aboutus/pages/dutyfreeallowances.aspx
17 https://www.fca.gov.ae/en/aboutus/pages/personalallowances.aspx
16

Medication: A maximum three-months supply of medication for your personal use. It is

essential to include an original prescription from a registered medical practitioner. All
medications should be in original packaging, and not expired. No psychotropic medicines
are allowed (even for personal use, in small quantity and/or with prescription) without
prior approval from the Ministry of Health.

IT IS IMPORTANT TO KNOW WHICH SUBSTANCES OR ITEMS ARE ILLEGAL OR

RESTRICTED BEFORE ENTERING THE UAE.18
The baggage of any traveler may be searched by:

Customs officers
Other certified officers from other controlling authorities or agencies
The police

Items you cannot bring into the UAE:19

All narcotic drugs.

Gambling tools, machines.

Ivory and rhinoceros horn.

Trammel (fishing net with three layers).

Forged or duplicate currency.

18 http://www.abudhabiairport.ae/english/media/Prohibited-Items-Guidelines_tcm133434.pdf

19 http://www.dubaiairports.ae/before-you-fly/procedures/security-customs
17

Any printed material that contradicts Islamic teachings and/or decency, or that
deliberately implies immorality or turmoil.

Cooked and homemade foods.

Radios, self-defence equipment, sharp-edged knives and swords.

Pets and skins of endangered animals subject to CITES convention.

Weapons, ammunition and military equipment.

Fireworks and explosives.

Trees, plants and soil.

Drugs and medication:

The UAE has a zero-tolerance drugs policy. Possession of even tiny amounts of illegal
drugs has resulted in imprisonment for travelers entering or transiting the UAE.

A doctor's prescription should be carried along with any medication that is brought into
the country. Some drugs and medications that may be purchased over-the-counter in other
countries are classified as controlled substances in the UAE and are illegal to possess. A
person may be arrested and prosecuted if in possession of prescribed or over-the-counter
medicines containing, for example, codeine or similar ingredients.

Please contact your nearest UAE embassy or consulate for advice if you need to bring
medications or other drugs into the country.

Controlled substances such as cannabis, opium etc. are banned and the penalties for
handling these drugs are severe.

Firearms and weapons:

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The importation of firearms and dangerous weapons is restricted.

Print, audio, video or other media:

Religious propaganda and potentially offensive printed materials, CDs, videos or films
should not be brought into the country.

Strict copyright laws are being enforced in the UAE, and pirated video and audiotapes or
illegal computer software will be confiscated.

Money:
The UAE has a robust system in place to combat money laundering and suspicious
financial activities. It is every passenger's duty to declare and submit the appropriate forms to
customs officials upon entering and departing the UAE.
In line with international criteria and global best practices, when entering or exiting the
UAE, you are required to declare cash, or any other financial instrument exceeding AED
100,000. There is no restriction on the amount of cash that you may carry. The declaration is for
monitoring and statistical purposes.
CONCLUSION:
The above discussion brings to bear the fact that, against its constitutional, legislative,
and executive backdrop, civil aviation in the UAE has unique legal perspectives. To begin with,
the UAE Constitution identifies the federal authorities, under the SCU, as the ultimate arbiters of
the territorial boundaries of the country, including its airspace. They are also responsible for
foreign relations, which includes air services agreements, the provision of air traffic control
services, and the issuance of licenses. However, any treaty ratified must go before the FNC
(another legislative authority that does not have the power to veto such treaties, nor to preclude
them from becoming UAE law, but is merely vested with a consultative role), and the FNC can
express its views to the SCU. Federal laws are proposed and developed by the executive, which
is the Cabinet, and voted on by the FNC. This means that there is a harmonious blend of the
executive and legislature in the adoption of laws with regard to aviation. Furthermore, since,
19

administratively, the UAE is a federation of seven emirates, each with its own ruler, there is
considerable autonomy given to each emirate with regard to aviation in terms of its impact on
local government. In this perspective, it is arguable that a ruler, or his civil servants acting under
his authority, could make decisions regarding incoming or outgoing flights, airport
administration and the passage of persons, and freight carried by air in a particular emirate.
Arguably, the most interesting feature is the symbiosis between the Ministry of Communications
of each emirate and the federal authorities. The clear demarcation of functions and the greater
flexibility in autonomy given to the ministries would only serve to facilitate the development of
commercial air traffic into and out of the UAE.
Also, the UAE Customs works to protect the society of violations of smuggling
prohibited materials, such as narcotic drugs, and protect citizens by detection of smuggled
counterfeits or harmful items. UAE Customs cooperates with many related governmental
departments such as medical departments, veterinary quarantines, the police, coastal guards, the
media, etc. A detailed report identifying areas of weakness and strength was produced. The
report was a starting point for reconsidering the strategy, objectives, processes and procedures. A
new strategy, organization structure and way ahead directions complying with UAE Vision,
expectations and future plans have been developed. A Reform and Modernization Program being
a tool for achieving UAE Customs` visions as a leading Customs department in the world and
meeting its general objective was undertaken.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY:
1. www.government.ae
2. www.gcaa.gov.ae
3. www.fca.gov.ae
4. www.dubaiairports.ae
5. www.abudhabiairport.ae
6. www.dubaicustoms.gov.ae
7. www.abudhabicustoms.gov.ae
8. www.sharjahcustoms.gov.ae
9. www.fujairahcustoms.gov.ae
10. www.ummalquwaincustoms.gov.ae
11. www.ajmancustoms.gov.ae
12. www.rakcustoms.rak.ae
ARTICLES:
1. CIVIL AVIATION IN THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATESSOME LEGAL AND
COMMERCIAL PERSPECTIVES by RUWANTISSA ABEYRATNE
Citation: 73 J. Air L. & Com. 3 2008.
2. Federal Act no 20 for 1991- Civil Aviation Law (English) by THE GOVERNMENT
OF THE UAE.
3. Federal Law No 4 for the year 1996 (English) by THE GOVERNMENT OF THE
UAE.

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