Getting Products to People:

Supply Chain Evolution: Adapting a

Commercial Sector Maturity Model to
Build Integrated Public Health Supply Chains
Drawing on commercial and public health experience,
Supply chain industry research shows that the best
the supply chain evolution framework can help countries
commercial sector supply chains evolve through stages
1
determine their current level of maturity and make
of maturity and improved performance . Research on
public health supply chains in developing countries illusa plan to strengthen their operations to achieve
trates that they also evolve through stages of maturity towards
and track progress along the evolutionary
an integrated supply chain that links all people, information, and
trajectory3.
activities from the top-end (source of supply) to the bottom-end
(customers seeking health services) of the supply chain2.

Supply Chain Evolution Framework

To move from one stage to the next, countries need to undertake specific
activities to organize, strengthen, and align the system.

Integrated Phase

Organized Phase

Ad Hoc Phase

Standardized systems designed and

implemented

No formal logistics roles and processes

Fragmented efforts across actors, who
have limited understanding of the
supply chain

People, functions, levels and entities

linked under an interconnected
organization

Logistics roles and processes defined

and followed

Supply chain managers are empowered,

using information to manage the system
and align actors

Sufficient resources mobilized

Moving from Ad Hoc to Organized:

Moving from Organized to Integrated:

Conduct system assessment, using process mapping,

network optimization and costing analysis

Establish logistics management units and technical

working groups

Undertake system design for functions and products

using segmentation analysis

Professionalize supply chain managers

Roll out logistics system by conducting training on

developed SOPs and supervision guidelines

Strengthen automated processes for data collection

and sharing

Conduct regular quantification of commodity needs

Develop performance management indicators and incentives

Optimize performance with analysis and tools

Evolution yields improved supply chain performance in the commercial and public health sectors
Bangladesh invested in their public

Brazilian companies
demonstrate a 74%

health supply chain through:

correlation between supply chain

maturity and performance.
System design
and
implementation

Strategy
management
and oversight

Electronic
information
systems

better
customer
satisfaction

leading to greater integration,

product availability, and use.
p
LOWERED

Linking functional
activities across
organizational units
and partners led to:

8%

COSTS

IMPROVED ORDER
FULFILLMENT RATES

Contraceptive prevalence
increased:

Stoc
kou
t rat
es d
e

crea
sed

2000

2%
2006
006

43%

52%

2000

2011

1 Lockamy III, Archie, and Kevin McCormack. 2004. The Development of a Supply Chain Management Process Maturity Model Using the Concepts of Business Process Orientation.
Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, vol. 9 no. 4: 272-8.
2 McCord, Joseph and Nadia Olson. 2011. Supply Chain Evolution: Introduction to a Framework for Supply Chain Strengthening of Developing Country Public Health Programs.
Arlington, VA.: USAID | DELIVER PROJECT, Task Order 4.
3 John Snow, Inc. January 2012. Getting Products to People: The JSI Framework for Integrated Supply Chain Management in Public Health. Arlington, VA.: John Snow, Inc.
4 McCormack, Kevin, Marcelo Bronzo Ladeira, Marcos Paulo Valadares de Oliveira. 2008. Supply chain maturity and performance in Brazil. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, Vol. 13,
Iss 4: 272 282.
5 USAID | DELIVER PROJECT, Task Order 1. 2010. Delivering Family Planning One Village at a Time: 20 Years of Supply Chain Work in Bangladesh. Arlington, VA.: USAID | DELIVER PROJECT, Task Order 1.