Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand

Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand

(60 )

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(Vapor-compression Cycle)
(Absorption Cycle)

(60 )
(60 )



Member ASHRAE
.
chakrapan_pw@eec.co.th

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Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand

Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand

HVAC&R for mankind

HVAC&R FOR MANKIND

Comfort /
Productivity

/
/

/
/

HVAC&R : Heating, Ventilating, Airconditioning & Refrigerating

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Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand

FUTURE

Professional Links

Comfort
Productivity /

Clean Environment
/
////

Refrigeration :
/

www.coe.or.th

www.eit.or.th

www.acat.or.th

www.mect.or.th
ASHRAE : American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Airconditioning Engineers
www.ashrae.org
www.ashraethailand.org [Thailand Chapter]

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Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand

Condenser
Expansion
Valve

Compressor
Evaporator
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Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand

Condenser

Expansion
Valve

Pressure

Compressor
Evaporator

P-H Diagram

Enthalpy

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P-H Diagram

Pressure

Pressure

Enthalpy

P-H Diagram
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Enthalpy

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Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand

(Suction Line)
- Friction loss < 2 F Equivalent
- Velocity = 900-4,000 fpm

Saturated Suction Temperature = 40-45 F

Condenser

Pressure
- Low side = 60-70 psi
- High side = 260-280 psi

Evaporator

(Drain)
- Slope 1:100

(Liquid Line)
- Friction loss < 2 F Equivalent
- Velocity < 300 fpm
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Condensing Temperature = 125 F

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Split type
Air-cooled Packaged Unit
Water-cooled Packaged Unit
Air-cooled Chiller
Water-cooled Chilled

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Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand

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FCU

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CDU

CFC
R-11, R-12, R-113, R-114, R-115 : 1996

HCFC
R-22 : 2020
R-123 : 2030

HFC
R-134a :

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Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand

The Miracle of Fire

Source: http://www.dupont.com/suva/na/usa/literature/prodsel

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Absorption
Machine

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Cooling
Tower

Preheat
Boiler Water

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Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand

2. Consentrated Lithium Bromide solution has affinity towards water. The

solution absorbs vaporised refrigerant water

1. When maintained at high vacuum, water will boil and flash cool itself

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3. As Lithium Bromide becomes dilute it loses its capacity to absorb water

vapor. It thus needs to be reconcentrated using a heat source

4. This heating causes the solution to release the absorbed refrigerant in the
form of vapor. This vapor is cooled in a separate chamber to become liquid
refrigerant

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5. The basic operation cycle of the single effect vapor

absorption chiller

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Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand

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Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand

Absorption Chiller

Gas Turbine

Natural Gas

Turbine Inlet
Air Cooling

Plant Load

DC & Cogen Plant

Cooling

Cogeneration

80%

(Gas Turbine)
Absorption Chiller

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12 C

24C

7C
12 C

Cooling Tower

Electrical Power

AHU

12 C

37 C

24C

32 C
AHU

Condenser Pump

Chiller

Chilled Water Pump

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End Suction
Horizontal Split Case

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Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand

(Cooling Tower)

(Cooling Tower)

Wet bulb temperature

Temperature

83/90/100 F

100 F
Range
Water (Temp.)
90 F

Approach Temp
=90-83
=7 F

Air (Wet-bulb Temp.)

83 F

Entering

Counter Flow

Cross Flow

Leaving

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Counter Flow : 3%
Cross Flow : 2%

Film Fill

Splash Bar Natural Draft

=100-90
=10 F

: Fan Coil Unit (FCU)

: Air Handling Unit (AHU)
: Built-up AHU

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0.60 m
80% Arrestance

12-14 C
3-6
12-14 FPI (Fin per Inch)
500 fpm
25,000 cfm
Trap
50 mm Total Static Pressure

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Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand

Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand

CDU

Condensing Unit (CDU)

(Vertical Shaft)
(Equipment Access)

FCU 10

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(Fancoil Unit)

Forward Curve
Backward Curve
Axial
Propeller

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Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand

Horizontal Split
Case
End Suction

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ROPPONGI HILL REDEVELOPMENT

Combined Heat and Power (CHP)

CENTRAL TOKYO

CHP Plant

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KLCC Twin Tower /Putra Jaya /Cyber Jaya /KLIA

/Petronas U - Malaysia

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Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand

Mean Radiant
Temperature

24 C/ 55%rh

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CLTD/CFL
Transfer Function Method (TFM)
Heat Balance Method (HB)
Radiant Time Series Method (RTS)

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Direct Solar
Diffuse Solar
Conductive Heat Gain

Time delay effect

People
Lighting
Electric Motor
Electrical Equipment

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Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand

Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand

: www.tmd.go.th
ASHRAE Fundamental Handbook

.
95 Fdb/83 Fwb 35 Cdb/28.3 Cwb

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: = 10 W/m2

500-800 BTU/pers

: = 20 W/m2
, , ,
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Description
W/sqm BTU/sqm Percentage
Building Envelop
60
205
38
Lighting
20
68
13

Equipment
10
34
6

People
20
68
13
Outdoor Air
50
171
31
Total
160
546
100

Indoor Environment

Building Envelop
Lighting
Equipment
People
Outdoor Air

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Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand

Comfort Zone

24 C/55%rh

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VAV becomes
popular

Ventilation

Comfort

Use of mechanical
ventilation begin

Health

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= 10 ..
= 20,000
= 2,000 ..
= 24,000 ..

= 500 ..

/ = 48
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www.thaihvac.com : HVAC Knowledge

www.eit.or.th : Engineering Institute of Thailand
www.acat.or.th : Air-conditioning Engineering
Association of Thailnad
www.ashraethailand.org : ASHRAE Thailand
Chapter
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