CSU MTH182 Summer16 1.2585948.HW04

Abdallah Yasir H Alghifari
Assignment HW04 due 06/28/2016 at 02:00pm EDT
CSU MTH182 Summer16 1
the infinite series
1. (1 pt)
Use the Integral Test to determine whether the infinite series
is convergent.
4nen
n7
n=1
A. converges
B. diverges
SOLUTION:
n=1
Fill in the corresponding integrand and the value of the improper

integral.
Enter inf for , -inf for , and DNE if the limit does not
exist.
R
Compare with 1
dx =
By the Integral Test,
the infinite series
Solution:
Let f (x) = x7 . This function is continuous, positive and
decreasing on the interval x 1, so the Integral Test applies.
Moreover,
Z R
Z

1
x7 dx = 16 lim R6 1 = .
x7 dx = lim
R 1
R
6
1
4nen
The integral converges; hence the series
n=1
3. (1 pt)
is convergent.
n2
Solution:
2
Let f (x) = 4xex . This function is continuous and positive
on the interval x 1. Moreover, because
we see that f 0 (x) < 0 for x 1, so f is decreasing on the interval x 1. The Integral Test therefore applies. To evaluate the
improper integral, we use the substitution u = x2 , du = 2x dx.
We then find
4xe
x2
Z R
dx = lim
R 1
4xex dx
2

4
2
lim eR e1 = 1 .
2 R
e
4nen
Solution:
Let f (x) =
also con-
x2
9
3
x +6 2
. This function is continuous and positive

(
)
on the interval x 17. Moreover, because
n=1
verges.
(n3 + 6) 2
integral.
exist.
R
Compare with 17
dx =
n2
the infinite series
9
n=17 (n3 + 6) 2
A. converges
B. diverges
SOLUTION:
n=17

2
f 0 (x) = 4ex 1 2x2 ,
also con-
n=1
verges.
A. converges
B. diverges
SOLUTION:
n7
2. (1 pt)
is convergent.
f (x) =
n7
n=1
9
7
2x x3 + 6 2 x2 92 x3 + 6 2 3x2
(x3 + 6)9
x(24 23x3 )
11
2(x3 + 6) 2
we see that f 0 (x) < 0 for x 17, so f is decreasing on the

interval x 17. The Integral Test therefore applies. To evaluate the improper integral, we use the substitution u = x3 + 6,
du = 3x2 dx. We then find

integral.
exist.
R
Compare with 1
dx =
Z
17
1
x2
Z R
9
(x3 + 6) 2
dx = lim
R 17
x2
9
(x3 + 6) 2
dx =
1
lim
3 R
Z R3 +6
du
173 +6
u9/2
2
lim
=
21 R
(R3 + 6) 2
1
7
4919 2
n=17
converges.
Solution: With an = en! ,

n+1
an+1
e
n!

= e
an (n + 1)! en = n + 1
7 .
21 4919 2
n2
also
and
(n3 + 6) 2

an+1

= 0 < 1.
= lim
n an
4. (1 pt)
Apply the Ratio Test to determine convergence or divergence, or state that the Ratio Test is inconclusive.
Therefore, the series

n=1
n=1
n=1
1
n ln n
(Enter inf for .)
n=1
is:

an+1

=
= lim
n an
n=1
Solution:
With an = n ln1 n ,

an+1
1
n ln n
n
ln n

an = (n + 1) ln(n + 1) 1 = n + 1 ln(n + 1) ,

an+1

= 1 lim ln n .
= lim
n ln(n + 1)
n an
Now, using LHopitals
Rule,
and

an+1 1
= < 1.
= lim
n an
6
ln n
ln x
1/(x + 1)
x
= lim
= lim
= lim
= 1.
x x + 1
ln(n + 1) x ln(x + 1) x 1/x
Therefore, the series

n=1
Thus, = 1, and the Ratio Test is inconclusive for the series

1
n=2 n ln n .
1
Using the Integral Test, we can show that the series
n=2 n ln n
diverges.
1
6n
converges by the Ratio Test.
7. (1 pt)
Use the Root Test to determine the convergence or divergence of the given series or state that the Root Test is inconclusive.

n+9 n
n=1 2n + 16
p
L = lim n |a | =
(Enter inf for .)
5. (1 pt)
en
n!
n=1
n=1

an+1

=
= lim
n an
is:
Solution: With an = 61n ,

an+1
1 6n
1

an = 6n+1 1 = 6
and
1
6n
(Enter inf for .)
A. convergent
B. divergent
C. The Ratio Test is inconclusive
SOLUTION:
SOLUTION:
lim
6n
A. convergent
B. divergent
converges by the Ratio Test.
6. (1 pt)
n ln n

an+1

=
= lim
n an
en
n!
n+9
2n+16
n
is:
A. convergent
B. divergent
C. The Root Test is inconclusive
SOLUTION:
(Enter inf for .)
en
n=1 n! is:
A. convergent
B. divergent

n+9 n
Solution: With an = 2n+16
,
s

n+9 n
n+9
n
an = n
=
2n + 16
2n + 16
SOLUTION:
2
n
1
Since
converges (its a geometric series with |r| =
n=1 6
1
1
6 < 1 ), we conclude by the Comparison Test that n6n also
n=1
converges.
and
lim
1
n
an < 1.
2
Therefore, the series converges by the Root Test.

n=1
8. (1 pt)
Use the Root Test to determine the convergence or divergence of the given series or state that the Root Test is inconclusive.

1 n
1
+
4n
n=1
p
n
(Enter inf for .)
L = lim |an | =
n

1 n
is:
n=4 1 + 4n
A. convergent
B. divergent
C. The Root Test is inconclusive
SOLUTION:
10. (1 pt)
Use the Comparison Test to determine whether the infinite
series is convergent.
n5
n5 + n
n=1
By the Comparison Test,
1
n5
the infinite series 5
n=1 n + n
A. converges
B. diverges

1 n
,
Solution: With an = 1 + 4n
s

1 n
1 1
n
n
an =
1+
= 1+
4n
4n
and
lim
Note: You are allowed only one attempt on this problem.

SOLUTION:
Solution:
For n 1,
n
an = 11 = 1.
Therefore, the Root Test is inconclusive for the series

1 n
. Because
1 + 4n
n5
1
n5
5 = 24 .
n5 + n
n
n5
n=1
"

# 14
1
1 n
1 4n
lim an = lim 1 +
= e 4 6= 0,
1+
= lim
n
n
n
4n
4n
24
24 is a p-series with p = 5 > 1, so it conn5
verges. By the Comparison Test we can therefore conclude that
The series
n=1
this series diverges by the Divergence Test.
n5
the series
n=1 n5 +n also converges.
9. (1 pt)
Use the Comparison Test to determine whether the infinite
series is convergent.
1
n6n
n=1
11. (1 pt)
Determine the convergence or divergence of the series
cos8 (n)
n4
n=1
1
By the Comparison Test, the infinite series n
n6
n=1
A. converges
B. diverges
This series is convergent.

This series is divergent.

SOLUTION:
SOLUTION:
SOLUTION
8
Note that 0 cos8 (n) 1. So 0 cosn4(n) n14 .
1
Now,
n=1 n4 converges because it is a p-series with p = 4 >
Solution:
n
1
We compare with the geometric series
. For n 1,
6
n
1
1
1
n=
.
n6n
6
6
cos (n)
1. So by the Comparison Test,
converges.
n=1 n4
3

12. (1 pt)
7
n
.
Determine convergence or divergence of
6n
+
9
n=1

SOLUTION:
A. converges
B. diverges
SOLUTION
1 + (1)n
9n
n=1

SOLUTION:
Solution:
Apply the Limit Comparison Test with an =
1
:
6
7n
6n+9
7n
6n+9
1
6
and bn =
The series
1
6
7
So the series is a scalar multiple of the Harmonic Series, and

therefore is divergent.
n
1
= lim
= .
n 6n + 9
6
is a divergent p-series p =
6
7
15. (1 pt)

< 1 . Be-
n=1 n
cause L > 0 exists, by theLimit Comparison Test we can con
7
n
clude that the series
also diverges.
6n
+
9
n=1

5
sin n
n=1
13. (1 pt)

SOLUTION:
10n
20n 2n
SOLUTION
Motivated by the approximation sin(x) x for small x, apply
the Limit Comparison Test with the series 1n .
n=1

SOLUTION:
lim
=
=
=
=
sin( 5n )
5
n
=
=
SOLUTION
n
10n
The terms 2010
n 2n suggest we look at the series 20n .
n
10n
Let an = 2010
n 2n and bn = 20n . We will use the Limit Comparison test:
an
lim
n bn
1
1
n
9 n=1
n7
1
1
1
9 + 18 + 27 +
1 1
1
1
9 1 + 2 + 3 +
=
=
n7
an
L = lim
= lim
n bn
n
1
1
= 0 + 91 + 0 + 18
+ 0 + 27
+
=
=
=
20n
lim n
n 20 2n
20n ln(20)
lim n
n 20 ln(20) 1
20n (ln(20))2
lim n
n 20 (ln(20))2
1
cos( 5n )(5/n2 )
n
5/n2

5
lim cos
n
n

5
cos lim
n n
cos 0
1
lim
So the Limit Comparison Test tells us that sin n1 converges

if and only if n1 converges. But the latter series is the Harmonic
Series, and is divergent.
16. (1 pt)
where we used LHopitals Rule twice. So by the Limit Com10n

parison Test,
n=1 20n 2n converges.
(1)n1
n2/5
n=1
14. (1 pt)
This series is absolutely convergent.

This series is conditionally convergent.
1 + (1)n
9n
n=1

4
SOLUTION:
SOLUTION
n1
Let an = (1)
.
n2/5
1
1
, and n2/5
is divergent since
The absolute value of an is n2/5
it is a p-series with p 1. So the given series is not absolutely
convergent.
1
1
However, { n2/5
} is decreasing, and limn n2/5
= 0. So by

SOLUTION:
SOLUTION
Let an = cos(9n)
8n .
(1)n1
the Leibniz Test,

n=1 n2/5 is convergent.
Therefore the given series is conditionally convergent.
Note that 0 | cos(9n)| 1. So 0 | cos(9n)|

81n .
8n
1
Now, n=1 8n converges because it is a geometric series with
17. (1 pt)
| cos(9n)|
|r| = 18 < 1. So by the Comparison Test,
conn=1
8n
verges.
cos(9n)
Therefore
is absolutely converent.
n=1 8n
(1)n n6
5
n=1 n + 4
20. (1 pt)
Determine convergence or divergence by any method.
n=1
n6
n7 n
A. converges
B. diverges
SOLUTION:

SOLUTION:
SOLUTION
n n6
.
Let an = (1)
n5 +4
A series cannot converge if its terms do not approach 0 as
n . Since the degree of the numerator of an is greater than
the degree of the denominator, limn an does not exist. There(1)n n6
fore
n=1 n5 +4 diverges.
Solution:
Apply the Limit Comparison Test and compare with the divergent harmonic series:
L
n6
n7 n
= lim 1
n
n
n7
= 1.
n n7 n
= lim
18. (1 pt)

sin n
4
n3
n=1
Because L > 0, we conclude that the series

n=1
n6
n7 n
diverges.
21. (1 pt)
7 n7 + 7
n=1

SOLUTION:

SOLUTION:
SOLUTION
sin( n )
Let an = n34 .
We have that 0 |an | n13 . And n13 is convergent because
it is a p-series with p > 1. So |an | is convergent by the Comparison Test. So an is absolutely convergent.
SOLUTION
The sequence {1/ 7 n7 + 7} is positive. The combination of

the 7th power and 7th root suggest that we apply the Limit Comparison Test with n1 .
1
Let an =
and bn = n1 .
7 7
n +7
19. (1 pt)
lim
an
n bn
=
=
cos(9n)
8n
n=1
=
5
lim
n 7 n7 + 7
1
lim p
1 + 7/n7
1
n 7
1
So by the Limit Comparison Test,
n=1 7 7
n +7
converges if
SOLUTION
The series certainly converges for x = 12. For x 6= 12, we can
apply the ratio test:
and only if the Harmonic Series converges, which it does not.

1 is divergent.
So
n=1 7 7
n +7

an+1
=
lim
n an
=
22. (1 pt)
(1)n+1
(2n + 10)!
n=1
So the series converges for |x 12| < 1 and diverges for

|x 12| > 1.
There are two cases where |x 12| = 1.
If x = 13, then the series simplifies to
n=0 n which is not
convergent.
n
n=0 (1) n which is
not convergent.
So the interval of convergence is (11, 13).

SOLUTION:
SOLUTION
(1)n+1
} is alternating. If an =
The sequence { (2n+10)!
|an | =
1
(2n+10)!
(1)n+1
(2n+10)! ,

n+1

lim
(x 12)
n
n
|x 12|
then
is a positive decreasing sequence approaching 0

n+1
(1)
as n . By the Leibniz Test,
n=1 (2n+10)! must be convergent.
25. (1 pt)
Find the interval of convergence for the power series
23. (1 pt)
Use the Ratio Test to determine the radius of convergence of
the following series:
2n n
x
n=1 n
xn
22n
Give your answer using interval notation. If you need to use

, type INF. If there is only one point in the interval of convergence, the interval notation is [a]. For example, if 0 is the only
point in the interval of convergence, you would answer with [0].
n=0
R=
SOLUTION:
Solution:
With an =
xn
22n ,
SOLUTION:

an+1 |x|n+1 22n
|x|

an = 22n+1 |x|n = 22
and
SOLUTION

an+1 |x|

= .
= lim
n an
22
n+1

2 xn+1
n+1

lim n

n 2 xn
n
n
=
lim
|2x|
n n + 1
=
|2x|

an+1

=
lim
n an
|x|
22
By the Ratio Test, the series converges when =

< 1, or
|x| < 22, and diverges when = |x|
>
1,
or
|x|
>
22.
The
radius
22
of convergence is therefore R = 22.
24. (1 pt)
So the series converges for |2x| < 1 and diverges for |2x| > 1.
That is, it converges for |x| < 12 and diverges for |x| > 12 .
There are two cases where |x| = 12 .
1
If x = 21 , then the series simplifies to
n=1 n which is the
Harmonic Series, and not convergent.
n1
If x = 12 , then the series simplifies to
n=1 (1) n which is
the Alternating Harmonic Series, and is convergent.

So the interval of convergence is 21 , 12 .
n (x 12)
n=0

SOLUTION:
6
So the series converges for |x + 5| < 1 and diverges for

|x + 5| > 1.
There are two cases where |x + 5| = 1.
(1)n
n=10 n8 which is
convergent by the Leibniz Test.
1
n=10 n8 which is a
convergent p-Series.
So the interval of convergence is [6, 4].
26. (1 pt)
(1)n 49n x2n
n=0

28. (1 pt)
SOLUTION:
(10)n
(x 7)n
n!
n=0
SOLUTION

(1)n+1 n+1 x2n+2
an+1
n+1

49
= lim
lim

n
n an
(1)n 49nn x2n
n+1 2
=
lim
x
n 49n
1 2
=
49 x

SOLUTION:
SOLUTION

(10)n+1

n+1
an+1
(n+1)! (x 7)

= lim
lim
n an
n (10)n (x 7)n
1 2
1 2
So the series converges for 49
x < 1 and diverges for 49
x >
1. That is, it converges for 7 < x < 7 and diverges for x < 7
and x > 7.
1 2
There are two cases where 49
x = 1.
n=0 n which is not
convergent.
n
n=0 (1) n which is
also not convergent.
So the interval of convergence is (7, 7).
n!
=
=
10
|x 7|
n+1
0
So the series converges for all x, and the interval of convergence is (, ).
27. (1 pt)
29. (1 pt)
Use Eq. (1) from the text to expand the function into a power
series with center c = 0 and determine the set of x for which the
expansion is valid.
(x + 5)n
n8
n=10

f (x) =
1
15x
SOLUTION:
1
1 5x
=
n=0
The interval of convergence is:

SOLUTION:
SOLUTION
The series certainly converges for x = 5. For x 6= 5, we
can apply the ratio test:

(x+5)n+1
an+1
(n+1)8
=

lim
lim
n
n an
n (x+5)
n8
Solution: Substituting 5x for x in Eq. (1), we obtain
1
= (5x)n = (5)n xn .
1 5x n=0
n=0
This series is valid for |5x| < 1, or |x| < 15 . Thus, the interval of

1
convergence is 1
5 ,5 .
n8
|x + 5|
n (n + 1)8
|x + 5|
=
=
lim
lim
SOLUTION:
30. (1 pt)
Expand the function f (x) =
1
in a power series with
1 + 10x
Solution:
Substituting 3x for x in the Maclaurin series for
center c = 0.
1
= an xn , where an =
1 + 10x n=0
What is the interval of convergence? Give your answer using interval notation. If you need to use , type INF. If there is
only one point in the interval of convergence, the interval notation is [a]. For example, if 0 is the only point in the interval of
convergence, you would answer with [0].
.
The interval of convergence is
SOLUTION:
1
1x
gives
1
= (3x)n
1 3x n=0
This series is valid for |3x| < 1, or |x| < 31 . Thus, the interval of
convergence is ( 13 , 31 ).
33. (1 pt)
Find the Maclaurin series for f (x) = cos(15x).
cos(15x) =
n=0
On what interval is the expansion valid? Give your answer

using interval notation. If you need to use , type INF. If there
is only one point in the interval of convergence, the interval notation is [a]. For example, if 0 is the only point in the interval of
The expansion is valid on
.
SOLUTION:
SOLUTION
The geometric series tells us that
1
1r
rn
n=0
for |r| < 1. So substituting 10x in for r, we have

1
1 + 10x
(10x)n
n=0
SOLUTION
The Maclaurin series for sin(x) has
n n
(10)
cos(x) =
Since the geometric series equality holds exactly when |r| <
1, the equality we have holds exactly when | 10x| < 1. Than
1
.
is, when |x| < 10

1 1
So the interval of convergence is 10
, 10 .
f (x) =
SOLUTION:
f 00 (0) = 1,
(1)n 152n x2n

(2n)!
n=0
cos(15x) =
Above we substituted 15x for x into a series which is valid

for all x. So this Maclaurin expansion is valid for x in (, ).
if
f 0 (0) = 12,
Substituting 15x for x gives
31. (1 pt)
Write out the first four terms of the Maclaurin series of f (x)
f (0) = 10,
(1)n x2n
n=0 (2n)!
n=0
f 000 (0) = 14
34. (1 pt)
Find the Maclaurin series for f (x) = sin(2x).
sin(2x) =
n=0

.
SOLUTION:
Solution:
The first four terms of the Maclaurin series of f (x) are
f (0) + f 0 (0)x +
f 00 (0) 2 f 000 (0) 3

x +
x
2!
3!
= 12x 10 +
x2 14x3
+
.
2
6
32. (1 pt)
Find the Maclaurin series and corresponding interval of convergence of the following function.
f (x) =
SOLUTION
The Maclaurin series for sin(x) has
(1)n x2n+1
n=0 (2n + 1)!
sin(x) =
1
1 3x
Substituting 2x for x gives
f (x) =
(1)n 22n+1 x2n+1
(2n + 1)!
n=0
sin(2x) =
n=0
The interval of convergence is:

8
Above we substituted 2x for x into a series which is valid for

all x. So this Maclaurin expansion is valid for x in (, ).
SOLUTION
The Maclaurin series for ex has
ex
35. (1 pt)
3
Find the Maclaurin series for f (x) = x2 ex .
x3
x2 e =
xn
n!
n=0
Substituting
n=0
x3
for x gives
ex

.
SOLUTION:
x3n
n=0 n!
And multiplying by x2 gives

x 2 ex
n! x3n+2
n=0
x3
Above we substituted for x into a series which is valid for

all x. So this Maclaurin expansion is valid for x in (, ).
c
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Abdallah Yasir H Alghifari

Assignment HW04 due 06/28/2016 at 02:00pm EDT

CSU MTH182 Summer16 1

the infinite series

Fill in the corresponding integrand and the value of the improper

the infinite series

The integral converges; hence the series

The integral converges; hence the series

. This function is continuous and positive

we see that f 0 (x) < 0 for x 17, so f is decreasing on the

Fill in the corresponding integrand and the value of the improper

Solution: With an = en! ,

The integral converges; hence the series

Therefore, the series

(Enter inf for .)

Therefore, the series

Thus, = 1, and the Ratio Test is inconclusive for the series

converges by the Ratio Test.

Solution: With an = 61n ,

(Enter inf for .)

converges by the Ratio Test.

(Enter inf for .)

Therefore, the series converges by the Root Test.

Note: You are allowed only one attempt on this problem.

Therefore, the Root Test is inconclusive for the series

this series diverges by the Divergence Test.

This series is convergent.

Note: You are allowed only one attempt on this problem.

This series is convergent.

This series is divergent.

Note: You are allowed only one attempt on this problem.

So the series is a scalar multiple of the Harmonic Series, and

This series is convergent.

This series is divergent.

This series is convergent.

So the Limit Comparison Test tells us that sin n1 converges

where we used LHopitals Rule twice. So by the Limit Com10n

This series is absolutely convergent.

This series is divergent.

This series is absolutely convergent.

This series is conditionally convergent.

This series is divergent.

the Leibniz Test,

Note that 0 | cos(9n)| 1. So 0 | cos(9n)|

Now, n=1 8n converges because it is a geometric series with

This series is absolutely convergent.

This series is conditionally convergent.

This series is divergent.

Because L > 0, we conclude that the series

This series is absolutely convergent.

This series is conditionally convergent.

This series is convergent.

This series is divergent.

This series is divergent.

The sequence {1/ 7 n7 + 7} is positive. The combination of

and only if the Harmonic Series converges, which it does not.

So the series converges for |x 12| < 1 and diverges for

This series is convergent.

is a positive decreasing sequence approaching 0

Give your answer using interval notation. If you need to use

By the Ratio Test, the series converges when =

Give your answer using interval notation. If you need to use