eUNCIANO COLLEGE INC.

Antipolo City
COLLEGE OF NURSING

Humanities
SUBMITTED BY:JOHN EDMARK P. ENORME

SUBMMITED TO: BLESILDA PERALTA

Five of artist

1.Vincent van Gogh

Between November of 1881 and July of 1890, Vincent van Gogh painted
almost 900 paintings. Since his death, he has become one of the most
famous painters in the world. Van Goghs paintings have captured the minds
and
hearts of millions of art lovers and have made art lovers of those new to
world of art. The following excerpts are from letters that Van Gogh wrote

expressing how he evolved as a painter. There are also links to pages

describing some of Vincent van Gogh's most famous paintings, Starry
Night, Sunflowers, Irises, Poppies, The Bedroom, Blossoming Almond
Tree, The Mulberry Tree, The Night Caf, and The Potato Eaters, in great
detail.
In December of 1881, at the age of 28 just as he began his first paintings
Vincent wrote to his brother Theo about becoming a painter,
Theo, I am so very happy with my paintbox, and I think my getting it now,
after having drawn almost exclusively for at least a year, better than if I had
started with it immediately For, Theo, with painting my real career begins.
Don't you think I am right to consider it so?

Van Gogh worked at a feverish pace costing him money, causing him mental
and physical stress and leaving him no time for any other source of income.
But he was persistent. In a letter from March of 1882, Van Gogh wrote again
to his brother Theo,
Although I find myself in financial difficulties, I nevertheless have the feeling
that there is nothing more solid than a `handicraft' in the literal sense of
working with one's hands. If you became a painter, one of the things that
would surprise you is that painting and everything connected with it is quite
hard work in physical terms. Leaving aside the mental exertion, the hard
thought, it demands considerable physical effort, and that day after day.
In the same letter to Theo from 1882, Van Gogh writes,
There are two ways of thinking about painting, how not to do it and how to
do it: how to do it - with much drawing and little colour; how not to do it with much colour and little drawing."

Van Gogh firmly believed that to be a great painter you had to first master
drawing before adding color. Over the years Van Gogh clearly mastered
drawing and began to use more color. In time, one of the most recognizable
aspects of Van Goghs paintings became his bold use of color. This is evident
in both Van Gogh's landscapes and his still life paintings
About a year before his death Van Gogh predicted that there would be a
great painter of the future who would know how to use color like no one
else and would become the future of painting. He expressed this in a letter to
his brother Theo in May of 1888,
As for me, I shall go on working, and here and there something of my work
will prove of lasting value - but who will there be to achieve for figure
painting what Claude Monet has achieved for landscape? However, you must
feel, as I do, that someone like that is on the way - Rodin? - he does not use
colour - it won't be him. But the painter of the future will be a colourist the
like of which has never yet been seen.

But I'm sure I am right to think that it will come in a later generation, and it is
up to us to do all we can to encourage it, without question or complaint.
During his lifetime Van Gogh was never famous as a painter and struggled to
make a living as an artist. Van Gogh only sold one painting during his
lifetime The Red Vineyard. This painting sold in Brussels for 400 Francs only a
few months before his death.
Vincent van Gogh died at the age of 37 bringing his career as a painter to an
end, but beginning his legacy as the great painter of the future who inspired
the world.
About a week after his death, Van Goghs brother Theo wrote to his sister
Elizabeth about Van Goghs legacy as a great artist,
In the last letter which he wrote me and which dates from some four days
before his death, it says, I try to do as well as certain painters whom I have
greatly loved and admired. People should realize that he was a great artist,
something which often coincides with being a great human being. In the
course of time this will surely be acknowledged, and many will regret his
early death.
Vincent van Gogh died at the age of 37 bringing his career as a painter to an
end, but beginning his legacy as the great painter of the future who inspired
the world. Today it remains a mystery as to what Van Goghs last painting
was before his death. Find out more about which paintings among his final
works are considered to be perhaps Vincent van Goghs last painting.

The Potato Eaters: Considered Van Gogh's first great painting.

Sunflowers: Vincent van Gogh's famous still life collection is detailed here.

Starry Night: Van Gogh's most famous painting is reviewed as well as Starry
Night Over the Rhone and The Caf Terrace on the Place du Forum, Arles, at
Night.

Before and After: Comparison of Van Gogh's Early Paintings with those after
being influenced by Impressionism.

2. Pablo Picasso

is probably the most important figure of 20th century, in terms of art, and art
movements that occurred over this period. Before the age of 50, the Spanish
born artist had become the most well known name in modern art, with the
most distinct style and eye for artistic creation. There had been no other
artists, prior to Picasso, who had such an impact on the art world, or had a
mass following of fans and critics alike, as he did.
Pablo Picasso was born in Spain in 1881, and was raised there before going

on to spend most of his adult life working as an artist in France. Throughout

the long course of his career, he created more than 20,000 paintings,
drawings, sculptures, ceramics and other items such as costumes and
theater sets. He is universally renowned as one of the most influential and
celebrated artists of the twentieth century.
Picasso's ability to produce works in an astonishing range of styles made him
well respected during his own lifetime. After his death in 1973 his value as an
artist and inspiration to other artists has only grown. He is without a doubt
destined to permanently etch himself into the fabric of humanity as one of
the greatest artists of all time.
As an artist and an innovator, he is responsible for co-founding the entire
Cubist movement alongside Georges Braque. Cubism was an avant-garde art
movement that changed forever the face of European painting and sculpture
while simultaneously affecting contemporary architecture, music and
literature. Subjects and objects in Cubism are broken up into pieces and rearranged in an abstract form. During the period from approximately 19101920 when Picasso and Braque were laying the foundation for Cubism in
France, it's effects were so far-reaching as to inspire offshoots like the styles
of Futurism, Dada, and Constructivism in other countries.
Picasso is also credited with inventing constructed sculpture and co-inventing
the collage art style. He is also regarded as one of three artists in the
twentieth century credited with defining the elements of plastic arts. This
revolutionary art form led society toward societal advances in painting,
sculpture, printmaking and ceramics by physically manipulating materials
that had not previously been carved or shaped. These materials were not
just plastic, they were things that could be moulded in some way, usually
into three dimensions. Artists used clay, plaster, precious metals, and wood
to create revolutionary sculptural art work the world had never seen before.

The10 Most Famous Pablo Picasso Artworks

10 Three Musicians
This artwork is in the New York Museum of Modern Art now.It is part of series
painted while was with his young family in the Fontaineblueau in the summer
of 1921. Three Musicians is a large painting measuring more than 2 meters
wide and high.

Three-Musicians-By-Pablo-Picasso
09 Girl Before A Mirror
This painting was painted in March 1932. The young girl was named Marie
Therese Walter and was painted multiple times during the 1930s by Picasso.

Girl Before A Mirror By Pablo Picasso

08 The Old Guitarist
It is painted after the suicide death of Picassos close friend, Casagemas in
1903. This work was created in Madrid, and the distorted style is reminiscent
of the works of El Greco.

The Old Guitarist

07 Seated Woman (Marie-Therese)
Seated Woman is painted at the start of an amazingly prolific year, in which
Picasso produced many powerful creations, including Guernica (1937). Pablo

Picasso again returns to his technique of red and green polarisation to add a
further dimension of animation.

Seated Woman (Marie-Therese) By Pablo Picasso

06 Dora Maar au Chat
Dora Maar au Chat was painted in 1941. It is one of Picassos most valued
depictions of his lover and artistic companion. The painting is also
remarkable for its brilliance of colour and the complex and dense patterning
of the models dress.

Dora Maar au Chat By Pablo Picasso

05 Blue Nude
This masterpiece is one of the Picassos early works. It was created in 1902
at a time when Pablo Picasso was still mourning over a friends tragic death.

Blue Nude By Pablo Picasso

04 Le Rve (The Dream)
It is a 1932 oil painting. He is portraying his 24-year-old mistress MarieThrse Walter in this artwork. It belongs to Pablo Picassos period of
distorted depictions, with its oversimplified outlines and contrasted colors
resembling early Fauvism.

Le Rve (The Dream) By Pablo Picasso

03 Asleep
Model is again Marie-Therese Walter. Painted in 1932. We see her asleep, her
body resting between the two powerful polarized color blocks of red and
green. It is a really weird combination of beauty and ugliness, another theme
that continually fascinated Picasso.

Asleep By Pablo Picasso

02 Nude, Green Leaves and Bust
This masterpiece is created in the early months of 1932. Marie-Therese
Walter is model again. The painting was sold for a price of $106.5 million
which was a world record in 2010.

Nude, Green Leaves and Bust By Pablo Picasso

01 Les Demoiselles dAvignon
This paintings was painted in 1907 and it was called the most innovative
painting since the work of Giotto. he reductionism and contortion of space in
the painiting was incredible, and dislocation of faces explosive.

Les Demoiselles d Avignon

E 3.Leonardo da Vinci

was a true genius who graced this world with his presence from April 15,
1452 to May 2, 1519. Like Athens in the age of Pericles, Renaissance Italy is
a summit in human history. Today, no name better seems to
symbolize Renaissance Art than Leonardo da Vinci.
Leonardo was born on April 15, 1452, in the Vinci, which is found in the Arno
River's lower valley. His hometown was within the territory of the Republic of
Florence under the rule of the Medici. He was born out of wedlock, and his
parents were Caterina (a peasant) and Messer Piero Fruosino di Antonio da

Vinci (notary).
There were few documentations on the early years of Leonardo. It was noted
that he remained in his mother's home until he was 5 years old, but he
moved to his father's household beginning 1457. His father married four
times, and his first to third marriages were not quite successful.
During his childhood, he received informal education in mathematics,
geometry and Latin. It was only when he was 14 years old that he took up art
training, under the guidance of Andrea di Cione, who was popularly called as
Verrocchio. Several other artists were trained by this master including
Perugino, Lorenzo di Credi, Sandro Botticelli and Domenico Ghirlandaio.
As an apprentice, Leonardo was taught a wide range of areas including
metallurgy, plaster casting, carpentry, chemistry, metal working, leather
working, and mechanics. He also refined his artistic skills in modelling,
sculpting, and painting.
Leonardo worked closely with Verrocchio on the painting entitled The
Baptism of Christ, which depicted an angel holding the robe of Jesus. The
young artist's work was quite superior, that it greatly impressed Verrocchio.
Based on scholars, the painting showed that it employed a new technique of
using oil paint. This proved to show Leonardo's ingenuity and his skills that
were rather ahead of his time.
When Leonardo turned 20, he was able to qualify in the Guild of St. Luke,
which was an association of doctors of medicine and artists. However, he
was more interested to maintain his collaboration with Verrocchio even if his
father has already set up his very own workshop.
Leonardo was best known for his painting of The Mona Lisa. The painting's
focal point was the Mona Lisa's rather elusive smile, as well as the
mysterious quality of the woman as depicted in her eyes and corners of the
mouth. There was also quite a shadowy feature in this painting, which was
obtained from Leonardo's smoke or sfumato.

The last supper is a mural painting painted from 1495 to 1498 on the back
wall of the dining hall at the Dominican convent of Sta Maria delle Grazie in
Italy.
The Last Supper is Leonardo's visual interpretation of an event chronicled in
all four of the Gospels (books in the Christian New Testament). The evening
before Christ was betrayed by one of his disciples, he gathered them
together to eat, tell them he knew what was coming and wash their feet (a
gesture symbolizing that all were equal under the eyes of the Lord). As they
ate and drank together, Christ gave the disciples explicit instructions on how
to eat and drink in the future, in remembrance of him. It was the first
celebration of the Eucharist, a ritual still performed.

4.Claude Oscar Monet

Claude Monet also known as Oscar-Claude Monet or Claude Oscar

Monet (November 14, 1840 December 5, 1926) was a founder of French
impressionist painting, and the most consistent and prolific practitioner of

the movement's philosophy of expressing one's perceptions before nature,

especially as applied to plein-air landscape painting. The term Impressionism
is derived from the title of his painting Impression, Sunrise.
Claude Monet was born on November 14, 1840 on the fifth floor of 45 rue
Laffitte, in the ninth arrondissement of Paris. He was the second son of
Claude-Adolphe and Louise-Justine Aubre Monet, both of them secondgeneration Parisians. On May 20, 1841, he was baptized into the local church
parish, Notre-Dame-de-Lorette as Oscar-Claude. In 1845, his family moved to
Le Havre in Normandy. His father wanted him to go into the family grocery
store business, but Claude Monet wanted to become an artist. His mother
was a singer.
On the first of April 1851, Monet entered the Le Havre secondary school of
the arts. He first became known locally for his charcoal caricatures, which he
would sell for ten to twenty francs. Monet also undertook his first drawing
lessons from Jacques-Franois Ochard, a former student of Jacques-Louis
David. On the beaches of Normandy in about 1856/1857 he met fellow artist
Eugne Boudin who became his mentor and taught him to use oil paints.
Boudin taught Monet "en plein air" (outdoor) techniques for painting.
On 28 January 1857 his mother died. He was 16 years old when he left
school, and went to live with his widowed childless aunt, Marie-Jeanne
Lecadre.
Paris

Camille Aka The

Woman In A Green Dress
When Monet traveled to Paris to visit The Louvre, he witnessed painters
copying from the old masters. Monet, having brought his paints and other
tools with him, would instead go and sit by a window and paint what he saw.
Monet was in Paris for several years and met several painters who would
become friends and fellow impressionists. One of those friends was douard
Manet.
In June 1861 Monet joined the First Regiment of African Light Cavalry in
Algeria for two years of a seven-year commitment, but upon his contracting
typhoid his aunt Marie-Jeanne Lecadre intervened to get him out of the army
if he agreed to complete an art course at a university. It is possible that the
Dutch painter Johan Barthold Jongkind, whom Monet knew, may have

prompted his aunt on this matter. Disillusioned with the traditional art taught
at universities, in 1862 Monet became a student of Charles Gleyre in Paris,
where he met Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Frdric Bazille, and Alfred Sisley.
Together they shared new approaches to art, painting the effects of light en
plein air with broken color and rapid brushstrokes, in what later came to be
known as Impressionism.
Monet's Camille or The Woman in the Green Dress (La Femme la Robe
Verte), painted in 1866, brought him recognition, and was one of many works
featuring his future wife, Camille Doncieux; she was the model for the figures
in The Woman in the Garden of the following year, as well as for On the Bank
of the Seine, Bennecourt, 1868, pictured here. Shortly thereafter Doncieux
became pregnant and gave birth to their first child, Jean. In 1868, due to
financial reasons, Monet attempted suicide by throwing himself into the
Seine.
Franco-Prussian War, Impressionism, and Argenteuil

Impression Sunrise
After the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian War (July 19, 1870), Monet took
refuge in England in September 1870. While there, he studied the works of
John Constable and Joseph Mallord William Turner, both of whose landscapes
would serve to inspire Monet's innovations in the study of color. In the Spring
of 1871, Monet's works were refused authorisation to be included in the
Royal Academy exhibition.
In May 1871 he left London to live in Zaandam, where he made 25 paintings
(and the police suspected him of revolutionary activities). He also paid a first
visit to nearby Amsterdam. In October or November 1871 he returned to
France. Monet lived from December 1871 to 1878 at Argenteuil, a village on
the Seine near Paris, and here he painted some of his best known works. In
1874, he briefly returned to Holland.
In 1872 (or 1873), he painted Impression, Sunrise (Impression: soleil levant)
depicting a Le Havre landscape. It hung in the first Impressionist exhibition in
1874 and is now displayed in the Muse Marmottan-Monet, Paris. From the
painting's title, art critic Louis Leroy coined the term "Impressionism", which
he intended as disparagement but which the Impressionists appropriated for
themselves.
Monet and Camille Doncieux had married just before the war (June 28, 1870)
and, after their excursion to London and Zaandam, they had moved into a
house in Argenteuil near the Seine River in December 1871. She became ill
in 1876. They had a second son, Michel, on March 17, 1878, (Jean was born

in 1867). This second child weakened her already fading health. In that same
year, he moved to the village of Vtheuil. At the age of thirty-two, Madame
Monet died on 5 September 1879 of tuberculosis; Monet painted her on her
death bed.
Later life
After several difficult months following the death of Camille on 5 September
1879, a grief-stricken Monet (resolving never to be mired in poverty again)
began in earnest to create some of his best paintings of the 19th century.
During the early 1880s Monet painted several groups of landscapes and
seascapes in what he considered to be campaigns to document the French
countryside. His extensive campaigns evolved into his series' paintings.
In 1878 the Monets temporarily moved into the home of Ernest Hosched,
(1837-1891), a wealthy department store owner and patron of the arts. Both
families then shared a house in Vtheuil during the summer. After her
husband (Ernest Hosched) became bankrupt, and left in 1878 for Belgium,
in September 1879, and while Monet continued to live in the house in
Vtheuil; Alice Hosched helped Monet to raise his two sons, Jean and Michel,
by taking them to Paris to live alongside her own six children. They were
Blanche, Germaine, Suzanne, Marthe, Jean-Pierre, and Jacques. In the spring
of 1880 Alice Hosched and all the children left Paris and rejoined Monet still
living in the house in Vtheuil. In 1881 all of them moved to Poissy which
Monet hated. From the doorway of the little train between Vernon and Gasny
he discovered Giverny. In April 1883 they moved to Vernon, then to a house
in Giverny, Eure, in Upper Normandy, where he planted a large garden where
he painted for much of the rest of his life. Following the death of her
estranged husband, Alice Hosched married Claude Monet in 1892.
Giverny

5.Salvador Dali

Salvador Dali was a great artist who was a great self-publicist and showman.
The combination was an irresistible formula for success. Born in 1904, most
of the works he did revolved around painting, sculpture work, and he worked
as a graphic artist and designer as well. During the course of his career, he
experienced many different art forms, and experimented with a few styles,
allowing him to further his points of expression, and the design pieces which
he created during the illustrious and extensive career that he had.
Dali is known to be a famous Surrealist and depicting this theme through his
paintings and other art works. Most of his works show a sort of dream
sequence which he often draws hallucinatory characters. His major
contribution to the Surrealist movement is called the "Paranoiac-Critical
Method" which is a form of mental exercise of accessing the subconscious
parts of the mind to have an artistic inspiration. He used this method to
realize the dreams and imagination ha have in his mind, changing the real
world the way he wanted and not necessarily what it was.
During his career, he focused on cubism, futurism, as well as metaphysical
painting work, until in 1929, he joined the group of surrealists, and this art
movement which he felt a connection to. His fame and notoriety, and talent
in the art world, quickly made him a leading force in the Surrealist
movement, and he became one of the representatives of the art movement
during the 1930s.
Salvador Dali' cultivated exhibitionism and eccentricity in the work he
created; not only in his art forms, but also in the way which he presented
himself to the general public. In fact, in 1936, at a surrealist exhibition in
London, he came to the show dressed in a dive suit, and made claims that it
was a source of his creative energy. This timeless showmanship not only
helped him through the course of his career, it also helped propel him as one
of the leading artists in the Surrealist movement of the time. A well-read
student of Sigmund Freud, Salvador Dali considered dreams and imagination
as central rather than marginal to human thought. He also embraced the
surrealist theory of automatism; he transformed this theory, into something
that was seen in a more positive light, which he titled critical paranoia. Under
the concept, he described how the artist should focus on cultivating a
genuine delusion while still remaining aware at the back of their mind, that
control and reason will be suspended for a period of time. The artist thought
this was not only something that should be used in the art form, painting and
sculpture work, but it should also be a concept which people followed during
the daily course of their lives, and interactions with others.

Persistence of Memory, 1931 by Salvador Dali

The faithful transcription of dreams has always played a major role in Dali's
paintings. The painter had studied psycho-analysis and the works
of Freud before joining the Surrealists. To dream is easy for him because of
his Mediterranean heritage. A siesta, to him, has always opened the doors of
a pre-sleep period, the instant when one forget the presence of one's body.
Dali's demonology owes a great deal to his reveries. They have given birth to
heterogeneous elements which he then brings together in his paintings
without always knowing why. In the works of the Surrealist period, Dali
treated those elements of disparate appearance with absolute realism which
emphasized the proper character of each one of them, making an exact copy
from a document, a photograph, or the actual object, as well as using
collage.