Mapua Institute of Technology

School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering

CE123 C6
Transportation Engineering

Water Transportation in the Philippines

Written Report

Submitted by:
Arco, David
Cueto, Lester Allen M.
Estores, Edrei Joshua B
Ferreras, Jim
Ibanez, Anna Melvyn Joy L.
Lisondra, Mark Clasrence
Perona, Kobie Bryant C.

Submitted to:
Engr. Jomar Ramos

August 25, 2016

Water Transportation in the Philippines

Balangay
The Balangay (formerly synonymous with Butuan boat)
is a plank boat adjoined by a carved-out plank edged
through pins and dowels. In November 2015, the
Balangay was declared as the National Boat of the
Philippines by the House Committee on Revisions of
Laws. The balangay was the first wooden watercraft
excavated in Southeast Asia and is evidence of early
Filipino craftsmanship and their seamanship skills
during pre-colonial times.

Paraw
The paraw is a double outrigger sail boat native to the
Visayas region of the Philippines. The paraw is similar
to a proa, but the paraw has two outriggers or katig. The
word paraw also parao is related to proa and may be
used to denote a boat. However, the term for boats
(with or without outriggers) in the Philippines without
sails or layag are typically called vanca or bangka. The
paraw has three major elements that make it a paraw:
the bangka, the katig and the layag.

Pump Boat
A pump boat is an outrigger canoe powered by a small
gasoline or diesel engine. Smaller pump boats might be
powered by the sort of small single-cylinder engine
used to drive a water pump. Larger ones are often
powered by recycled automobile engines. Pump boats
are a utility boat in the Philippines, used for nearly
everything from inter-island transportation to fishing
and even the Philippine Coast Guard.

Ferry
A ferry is a merchant vessel used to carry passengers,
and sometimes vehicles and cargo as well, across a body
of water. Most ferries operate regular return services.
Ferry designs depend on the length of the route, the
passenger or vehicle capacity required, speed
requirements and the water conditions the craft must
deal with. Ferries form a part of the public transport
systems of many waterside cities and islands, allowing
direct transit between points at a capital cost much
lower than bridges or tunnels.

Ship
A ship is a large buoyant watercraft. Ships are generally
distinguished from boats based on size, shape and cargo
or passenger capacity. Ships are used on lakes, seas,
rivers, and oceans for a variety of activities, such as the
transport of people or goods, fishing, entertainment,
public safety, and warfare.

Ship Building and Repair History

The First Philippine shipbuilding industry development program, a program for
progressive ship manufacture and repair, was prepared by the Philippine Shipbuilders
Association and the Private Development Corporation of the Philippines in 1975. The
MARINA was created on June 1, 1974 mandating the agency to integrate the development,
promotion and regulation of the countrys maritime industry. In 1979, MARINA was made an
attached agency of the Ministry of Transportation and Communications (MOTC) for policy and
program coordination.

During the 1985 to 1992 period, there was a general increase in the number of Marinalicensed firms involved in ship repair, combined shipbuilding and ship repair and shipbuilding
operations. Out of 557 licensed entities, 116 are engaged in ship building/ship repair using
shipyard facilities, 234 are afloat ship repairers not having any shipyard facility, and 207 are
boatbuilders. This profile alone shows that the sector is dominated by entities catering to ship
repair and construction of motor bancas. Out of the 116 licensed shipyards, only ten (10) would
have facilities catering to the construction and/or repair of big ships, only 15 for medium-sized
ships, and the rest would only be able to service smaller ships. Thus, the SBSR sector currently
thrives primarily from the business of ship repair of the countrys domestic fleet, and sporadic
ship building projects limited to small ships and motor bancas, except those from Tsuneishi
Heavy Industries Inc. and FBMA Marine Inc. which cater to the export market. The large
shipyards in the country were mainly joint ventures with foreign nationals. The largest shipyard,
Subic Shipyard & Engineering, Inc., formerly PHILSECO, was owned by a consortium of
Philippine enterprises and some Japanese and Singaporean multinationals, while three other
large shipyards were subsidiaries of a Singaporean company. Some of the medium- and smallsized firms were owned by local shipping companies which used them to service their own
shipping vessels.
On 08 December 2006, President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo signed Executive Order No.
588 entitled Strengthening The Philippine Ship Building and Ship Repair Sector and
Instituting Measures To Promote Its Growth and Development. An Ad Hoc Committee was
established, with the mandate of formulating a comprehensive development plan for the
shipbuilding and ship repair sector of the country. The strengths of the sector would be
highlighted in attracting foreign shipyards to come in, or promote the country as an investment
area for ship building and ship repair operations. The Comprehensive Development Plan for the
Philippine Ship Building and Ship Repair Sector was finalized and adopted by the Ad Hoc
Committee on 16 October 2007 for indorsement and submission to President Gloria MacapagalArroyo.
The arrival of foreign shipbuilders in the Philippines has introduced the countrys
shipbuilding industry in the international market. Philippine shipyards are now building more
ships for export than for domestic use. Majority of these ships are of large tonnage capacities
like bulk carriers, container ships and big passenger ferries. By 2009 the export market, which
is dominated by three foreign shipbuilders, accounted for more than 98% of the total turnover
and the number was expected to further increase.
The 54,000-hectare business hub in Port Irene at the Cagayan Economic Zone Authority
(CEZA) is being primed to be the countrys next world-class shipyard; it has been upgraded

including the lengthening of the pier to accommodate 20,000 deadweight-ton vessels. Two
notable Filipino-owned shipbuilding companies are Herma Shipyard, Inc., which has gone into
double hull petroleum tanker shipbuilding, and Colorado Shipyard Corporation, which can
build medium to large cargo ships. The Tsuneishi Cebu shipyard, operated by Japans Tsuneishi
Holdings Corp., in partnership with Cebus Aboitiz Group had produced about 77 ships by the
end of 2007. Starting in 1997 with the Sea Amelita, a log/bulk carrier named after then-First
Lady Amelita Ramos, the company proceeded to make history in the local shipbuilding
industry.
Hanjin, which started building its US$1.7 billion shipyard on a 200 hectare in Subic in
early 2006, has increased the momentum of big ship production recently. Hanjin launched the
first container ship to be built in the Philippines in July of 2008. The huge capacity of Hanjins
dry dock in Subic, where four vessels can be built at a time, resulted in faster production.
Keppel started operating its shipyard in the Philippines in early 1994 with a capacity of
28 vessels per year. It expanded its operation by fabricating tugboats and oil rig hull. It now
operates two shipyards in Subic and Batangas. It offers a complete solution in offshore rig
construction, shipbuilding, ship repair and conversion, with a full range of drydocks in its three
shipyards strategically located in the Philippines, which is along the main trading route in the
South China Sea and Pacific Ocean. Two notable Filipino-owned shipbuilding companies are
Herma Shipyard, Inc. which has recently gone into double hull petroleum tanker shipbuilding,
and the Aboitiz-owned FBMA Marines, Inc. which has been building catamarans. In line with
the vision of making Subic Bay the best logistics and service hub in the region, the Subic Bay
Port Development Project was completed in early 2008, aiming to significantly increase the
capacity of the port from 100,000 Twenty-foot Equivalent Units (TEUs) of Containers to
600,000 TEUs.

Some of the first Shipping Companies:

Archipelago Philippine Ferries Corporation

APFCs history traces back in the early 1990s,

when Christopher S. Pastrana finds the sailing
condition when he travels by sea to his father's
hometown
is a ferry company based
in Muntinlupa, Philippines. It also operates

FastCat-line of catamaran ferries which is the

first in the Philippines.
Montenegro Lines

On September 16, 1978, Vicente Leyco

Montenegro, Sr., a pioneer in commercial and
public transportation by sea established the
company.
The first route was from Batangas City to Abra
de Ilog. Initially served by the boat, Malaya.
It operates passenger, cargo and roll-on/roll off
for vehicular traffic traveling between islands of
the Philippines.

Philippine Span Asia Carrier Corporation

Used to be known as Sulpicio Lines, the name

changed after being suspended for the sinking of
the MV Princess of the Stars in 2008
The company was founded in 1973 by Don
Sulpicio Go
Its objective is furthering economic progress by
providing necessary linkages among islands.
Sulpicio Marketing, for instance, relieves
Filipino copra farmers of their transportation
burden. It serves as their channel to the oil mills,
facilitating the growth of the copra industry as
well as making it more efficient for oil mills to
source their raw materials.

Trans-Asia Shipping Lines

It was incorporated on March 25, 1974 under the

name of Solar Shipping Lines, Inc.
However, on October 16, 1974, the company
decided to change its corporate name to TRANSASIA SHIPPING LINES, INC. with Julian G. Sy
Sr. as its President and Chairman of the Board of
Directors.
The company was then a key in the development
of trade between Cebu and Cagayan and Cebu
and Butuan.

Roble Shipping

is a Cebu-based shipping
line located in Cebu
City, Philippines.
Established on February 20, 1985
by Jose Roble
it started with a small cargo vessel called MV
Marao plying fromCebu to Iloilo containing rice
and mixed cargo materials.

A ferry is a merchant vessel used to carry passengers, and sometimes vehicles and cargo as
well, across a body of water. Most ferries operate regular return services. A passenger ferry with
many stops, such as in Venice, Italy, is sometimes called a water bus or water taxi.

Ferries form a part of the public transport systems of many waterside cities and islands,
allowing direct transit between points at a capital cost much lower than bridges or tunnels.
However, ship connections of much larger distances (such as over long distances in water bodies
like the Mediterranean Sea) may also be called ferry services, especially if they carry vehicles.

Unfortunately, some ferries got involved in tragedies and disastrous incidents caused by a
natural disaster like typhoons and storms, carelessness of the crew or captain, over loading and
many more. MV Princess of the Stars is an example where 67 died and 747 missing with only
115 people survived last june 21, 2008. Superferry9 experienced the same fate, on September 06,
2009, 10 died and 961 survived. The most disastrous tragedy involving merchant vessel that has
been recorded is the sinking of MV Doa Paz on December 20, 1987 where in 4386 people died
and only 24 survived. This is due to over loading that causes the deadliest accident on the
Philippine maritime industry.

Ports and Harbors of the Philippines

Port of Abra de Ilog - is a seaport in Abra de Ilog, Occidental Mindoro in the Philippines.
It is the main seaport of northern Occidental Mindoro. Household consumption goods are
the main cargoes imported in the port while outgoing cargoes are agricultural products
such as corn, rice, and livestock.

Batangas International Port -is a seaport in Batangas City primarily serving the
CALABARZON region of the Philippines. It was declared as a national port in 1956.

Port of Calapan - is a seaport in Calapan, Oriental Mindoro in the Philippines. It is the

main port serving Oriental Mindoro.

Port of Cebu - is a seaport located in Cebu City, Philippines. It is the port that serves the
Metro Cebu Area and it is managed by the Cebu Port Authority. It mostly serves a route
between Cebu and Ilo-ilo and remaining ports in the country.

Port of Davao - is a seaport located at Davao, Mindanao island in the Philippines. The
Port of Davao consists of a number of ports, all within the Davao Gulf which is part of
the Celebes Sea, but its main office and seaport is located at Brgy. Sasa, Davao City.

Port of Iloilo - in Iloilo City, Philippines, serves the province and city of Iloilo and the
entire Panay Island, in Western Visayas of the Philippines.

Port of Manila - refers to the collective facilities and terminals that processes maritime
trade function in harbours that serves the Metro Manila Area . It is located in the Port
Area and Tondo area of Manila, Philippines facing the Manila Bay.

North Port Passenger Terminal - is a terminal located in Pier 4, Manila North Harbor,
Port of Manila.

Port of Puerto Princesa - is the Palawan baseport of the Philippine Ports Authority. It is
located about Latitude 09 44N, Longitude 118 43E, on the western side of Puerto
Princesa, westward of Princesa Strait, and the western side of Palawan Island.

Port of Roxas, Oriental Mindoro - is a seaport in Roxas, Oriental Mindoro in the

Philippines. The seaport serves as a gateway to Mindanao and Visayas from Luzon with
passengers being transported from the Dangay port to Caticlan.

Port of San Jose, Occidental Mindoro - is a seaport in San Jose, Occidental Mindoro in
the Philippines. It was the main seaport of Occidental Mindoro. Both in shipping cargo
and ferrying passengers has been suspended by the port authority due to heavy siltation.

Port of Subic - is located in the vicinity of Subic Bay, one of the Philippines' finest
harbors and most strategic base. The Port of Subic is one of the busiest, largest, historical
and most important of the ports in the Philippines.

Port of Zamboanga - is a seaport located in Zamboanga City, Philippines. It is managed

by the Zamboanga City Special Economic Zone Authority.