uNlr Grammar practice @

STARTER

Future forms
5 Complete the sentences with the verbs in the box.
Use an appropriate future form.
lTl ave a coffee and a ham sandwich, please.

.........
.. you as soon
as we land in Los Angeles.
2 The train
at 08.45 tomorrow
morning.
3 I .........
.. lunch with Mario next
Tuesday.
,l

I promise that I

1......,........

thesummerwithmyfriends

in Holland.
5 I don't think that the president ... ...........
the next election.
6 Look at the sky- it ..............

Tenses: question forms

6 Write questions using the prompts.
Who / tell I you / about / this website?

fr/S* i*Jd
1

y** *oui

#.is r+e&*sis?

Where I you lgo / on hotiday I last year?

2 What / you / do / this time last week?

3 Who / give / you / that watch?
4

Who / you I see I at the party / yesterday?

5 When I you I last / go / swimming?

6

How long / be /

it/

since / we / last / go I to Spain?

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practice

STARTER UNIT Grammar

Present simple & continuous, past
simple & continuous

Complete the sentences

witt suitable verbs.

Present perfect & past simple

3 Gomplete the sentences with your own ideas. Use
the present perfect or the past simple.

Use

the present simple, present continuous, past

simple or past continuous-

usually

you
...... on
holiday?
This time yesterday, the students
their exam.
quite a lot of Arabic, but
I
can't speak the language very well.
Sue
.... for a bus at the
moment.

...............

..........

Lastyear, we

.........-.

-.. to Barcelona

for the summer.

What ...............
the noise?

you

Gomplete the text with the verbs in the box. Use

the past simple or the past perfect.
'.find out .,happe hide
, ',,b,,.'all.,,:
':,.dri:r
:.....:::.

r:.

r,.::.:931gp':':efch''Wfilg:.

Eleven-year-old Holli McCann was sent home from a

school trip after teachers *isesyersd that she

(1)

Present perfect simple & continuous

4 Complete the sentences with suitable verbs. Use
the present perfect simple or the present perfect
continuous.

1 Have you ever

2 1..........

when you heard

Past simple & past perfect

Last week, I irlenf f*r e rut alongr fl,e ****,h.

Yesterday wening, I
I have never
lhaven't
......... yet this week.
l've just
I've already

1
2
3
4
5

What ars you dorrrE at the moment?

1 Where

ffi

....-..-^--

.., severalchocolate bars in

her bags, which was against the rules. The teachers
only (2)
about the chocolate
because they read a letter that Holli
(3) ...... .....
to her mother. They then
(4) ............
.. her room and found the
chocolate, The head teacher
(5) ............
.. Holli's mother to tell her
what (6)
..... and asked herto
come and pick her daughter up immediately. Mrs
McCann then (7)
-............. 25O
kilometres to collect her daughter from the lsle of
Wight. Mrs McCann, who (8) ........ ..
money for six months to pay for the 300 school trip,
was very angry with the school for reading Holli's

lrel .Hr ;:m

..-.theguitarforthreeyears

now, but I only know a few songs.

How long ...,......
.... a vegetarian?
Sorry I'm late - there was lots of traffic.

3
4

5 L.........

..... for a long time?

.... the book. lfinished it last

nht.

I'm exhausted - I ......

.. ...... the house
for hours and I still haven't finished.

Future forms
5 Correc't six more erlrs

in the dialogue.

A:

are ya:s d+ing

Hey, what dryeud tomonow evening?

B:

Not much.

A:

Well, I will go to a concert. Do you want to come

with me?

B:

Yes, l'd love to! l'm having to cancel my tennis

lesson but I'm sure that wasn't a problem.

A:

Great. Well, the bus teft at 6,15 p.m. and lthink

we'll be getting home by midnight.

B:

letter.

Mandarin?

Brilliantt So, this time tomonow, we'llwatch the

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STARTER uNlT Grammar practice

Present simple & continuous, past
simple & continuous
1 Complete the sentences with the verbs in the box.
Use the present simple, present continuous, past
simpte or past continuous::,::.,1...+is 4,' . pl.qy..., .:,fgir:r*rim watch.

1
2

I always d,.l*k coffee in the momings.

This season, myfavourite footballteam
.... reallywell.
I .........
on holidayto Corfu in
2011.
Nick
.... five languages!

3
4 Whilewe.........
5
6

thefitm,

David anived.
My uncle ..............:......it..
week.

Thistimelastweek,

in Vienna this

1...............

....,in

Present perfect & past simple

3 Complete the text with the vels in brackets.

Use

the present perfuct or the past simple=

Chloe Ball-Hopkins, who suffers from a rare form of

muscular dystrophy, e*Je*r*fed (eelebrate] her
seventeenth birthday by going skydiving. She had
always wanted to skydive and (t)
(be) very excited when the big day (2) ...,.......
(anive). She (3)
fiump) 3,000
metres from the sky to raise money for a carity. This
charity is helping to find a cure for the disease that
(4) ............
(leave) Chloe in a wheelchair.
So far, she (5)
.. (raise) over
f80,000 for the charity. Chloe said that she
(6) ............
(write) a list of things that she
wants to do because she doesn't know when her
condition might change.

the sea.

Present perfect simple & continuous

4 Gomplete the sentences with suitable verbs. Use

Past simple & past perfect

Cornplete the sentences vcith the verbe in

brackets. Use the past simple or the past perfect.

After John .hs* vjs;?*d (visit) Barcelona, he de*Cc#

(decide) to go university there.
When Sarah
.... (anive) at
the party, Rita ..........
(already / leave).

2 She
the children
3

school.
After they .........
dinner, they ......
dishes in the sink.

4 Sandra

.... (have) a bath after

...... (go) to
(eat) their

...... (put) their

.... (call) her

mother after the plane ...

(land).

............

After he

homework, he ......
on his computer.
The students
hungry because they ...,..
fiust leat) dinner.

........ (finish) his

..............(play)
.... (not / be)

r5l

the present perfeet simple or the present perfect

continuous.

How many times f:*r* you fuecn ice skating?

You look exhausted - what

.................

2
3
4

How long .........

friend?
l'm bored because I
morning.

........ your best

..........

Huny up - she ........

three hours already!

5 Look!Somebody
6

-...... all
for us for

.......,. a

football into that tree.

I ..........
....... that DVD you lent me,
so you can have it back now.

STARTER UNIT Grammar

practice

ffi

Tenses: question forms

6 YYrite questions for the answens.
Leanne recommended this restaurant.
L"?*c ree*:-:e*ded fhis resfp*ra;i?
I saw Jo and Steve yesterday.
I last saw Damion three years ago.

My sister rtro{ts at the university.

Yes, l'm having a good time in London.

I'm going to do some shopping tomorrow.
I've been studying at university for two years.

--

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F6

UNIT 2 Vocabulary praetiee

Sport

Complete the text with the correct forms of the

nouns in the box.

The Colour Run is a five-kilometre rsee that's different

from other races. That's because it's more about
having fun than winning a I an (1)
Runners start the race wearing white clothes and,
after each kilometre, they are covered in differentcoloured powdered paint. This means that all the
(2) ............
finish the race covered in colour.
people
walk large parts of the race, so it's not
Lots of
a test of (3) ......
... but about having a good
your
time with
friends. When runners get to the end of
the raee, it's time for the 'Finish Festivl', a party to

The children had to jump across a puddle.

He crawled through the bushes to look for the ball,

Keeping fit
4 Replace the underlined words

with the correct

forms of the verbs and phrasal verbs in the box.
,,:..:: ii.'

1
2
3

of(5)........

Write the bold words in the text next to the correct

definitionsln the stadium today, we have two teams who
are playing a match to decide who wins this
year's Copa del Rey. The nervous crowd of
supporters and the excited competitors are
ready for the final to begin.

l'm eating extra protein and lifting weights so that

can make mv bodv biqqer
l've joined a gym because I want to stav healthy.

Sam has shed kilos; he's much thinner now.

i*;:::s: groups of people on the same side in

a sport
.......-...........,....: a large number of people

........................: the people who are taking part

4
5

..............-.-.....--: the people who want

a particular team to win
.-..--,...--.....,......: a large building where
important sports events take place
........................: the last round of a competition

He managed to get over the high wall.

We swam through the cold water.

frel-Ht

to the final.
I don't like people calling me at night, so lswitch
over my phone when I go to bed.

Helen commented on my status update.

I've got to go now. Can I call behind later?

Gomplete the sentences. Use the correct forms of

phrasal verbs formed from the words in hold.

I've decided to s:g;-: g for a triathlon. (sign)
1 Jane couldn't finish the race and
three kilometres from the end. (drop)
2 I don't like it when people
on my conversations. (listen)
3 He finished talking to his friend on the phone and

Movement verbs
3 Translate the sentences into your language.
1 The hikers climbed along the mountain.

sentences. Iwo sentences are correct.

l've run en phone credit; I need to top it up. **f *f
1 Can you quieten down a bit, please? I'm trying to
make a call. ....-.
2 The supporters came to cheer over the
competitors in the race.
3 lt was a difficult competition, but somehow I got in

in a competition

The doctor told her to qain kilos. pui *;; 'ar*igf;i

l'm going to start cycling
Why don't you anange a time to qo to see a
personal trainer?
Lots of people have already siqned up to do this

Gonsolidation
5 Gorrect the mistakes in the prepositions in the

gathered in one area

:',,!ft:qp:,,,',

c|ass.........

alongthe
way who cheer on the runners and enjoy the
(6) .-..-..-.--.

"bulk.rr ']..:ILiir::,ltf,e-p,fit,::,le .@igfrt :,'..r.,,,,:'

'..,,mqke,anr dntr.

celebrate health and happiness. There are always

(4)............

r'.

After answering my emails, I

the computer. (log)

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UNIT 2 Voeabulary

practice ffi
3

Some athletes take supplements to help them to

bulk up.

Ayisha made an appointment with a fitness trainer'

Sport

Complete the sentences with the correct forms

of

suitable verbs.

I
2
3

All our supporters are here to eree,'us on'

Harry was so exhausted that he couldn't
.. on swimming.
... ... up, but he
fhe driver didn't want
crashed'
he'd
after
race
couldn't finish the
Simon won his match today; that means he has

5
2

I've become a member of a club so I can take up

swimming.

to

.. through to the final'

uP for the swimming

should

You
class soon.
Leo had
of his injury.

to

--

outofthe race because

Gomplete the sentences with suitable nouns'

People who take part in sporting events are called
"r:erfi*:p::nfs.

1 People who take part in competitions

are called

People who travel on horses or bicycles are called

People who watch a sporting event are called

People who cheer on participants in a sporting

event are called

Movement verbs
3 Gomplete the dialogue with oneword in each gap'
A: Willyou sponsor me forthe Ultimate Challenge?
B: Yes, of course! What will you have to do?
A: Well, first l'llhave to crawl fi:,'"*ugfu a 500-metre
and over a
tunnel, then l'll climb (1)

A:

B:

sentence is correct.
The rider pulled out of the race because he felt
unged. tttw*ll
1 The crowd booed the footballer of the pitch after he

2
3
4

Gomplete the second sentence so that it has the

same meaning as the first sentence' Use the
words in bold.
He's starting doing judo. (taken)

1
2

Wow!

a lakeThen l'llhave to dive (3)

cold water,
jumped
the
(4)
........,..-.-.
After l've
I'll have to swim (5) .............-. it until I reach
the other side of the lake!
I'll definitely sponsor you if you manage to do all

He's iak** i,;Pt;di:.

Jake is trying to gain weight. (bulk)
Jake is trying to
Susan has given up cigarettes. (stopped)
Susan has ........,...
I met Adam and we talked. (chat)
I met Adam and we
Yourteam has been eliminated from the
competition. (knocked)
Yourteam has been

that!

Keeping

lost his temPer.

The rider was unqualified from the race because
he hit his horse.
I really want to come into shape, so i'm going to
join a gyrn.
Let's keep on touch when we go to college'
He deteted his account because he was the victim
of cyber-bullies. ......
Hello, l'm trying to get across to the customer
service department. Do you know the number?

2O-metre wall. Next, l'll have to climb again to

a wooden fence.
get

(2)

B:

Consolidation
5 Correct the mistakes in the sentences. One

was talking to Sarah last night, but then I lost the

signalon my phone. (cut)

I was talking to Sarah last night, but then

fit

4 Translate the sentences into your language'

1 l've ioined a gym because I want to keep fit-

Joe added some credit to his phone. (topped)

Joe .....,-.....
Hannah went on a diet because she wanted to
lose weight.

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uNlr zGrammar practice @

Relative pronouns & adverbs

Complete the sentences with one relative pronoun

or adverb each.
Sunday is **e- we usually play baseball.
lwork out.
1
This is thegym
2 Alex Ferguson was a football manager
had a lot of success with Manchester United.
Andy Munay, .....,...... coach is lvan Lendl, has
won many toumaments recently.
Snowboarding is a sport .......,.... is becoming

which, what & that

3 Translate the sentences into your language.
1 ls this the fastest that your car can go?
2

He couldn't believe what he was seeing.

These tickets were the cheapest ones that I could

find-

more popular every year.

month

Auust is the

holiday.
New York is a

city

most people go on
I

... is always very busy.

Defining & non-defining clauses

2 Complete the text with one relative pronoun or
adverb in each gap. Then choose whether each
relative clause is defining or non-defining.
The world's most popular sporting events
. Number 5: The fifth most watched sporting event is
the Monaco Grand Prix, **fefo has been held
every year since 1929. lt usually has around 25

.
.

1
2
3
4
5
6

million viewers.
Number 4: The Super Bowl is also a sport
(1) ............ is very popular, ln2012, there were
111.5 million people (2) ............ watched the

sawthe Olympic 100m sprintfinal, which was

amazing.

All that I want to do now is s[eep.

Formal & informal structures

4 Complete the second and third sentences so that
they mean the same as the first sentenees. Use
one formal and one informal structure.
We were talking about the Australian Open
Tournament.
a) Formal: The Australian Open is the tournament

biggest game in American football.

Number 3: ln third place is the ICC Cricket World
Cup Championship, (3) ... ......... was watched by
several hundred million people in 2011.
Number 2: lt's the FIFA World Cup (a)

s**;f lvfuj*& we !#ar* ialkrng.

b) lnformal: The Australian Open is the toumament
;a".}jei:

has the second biggest audience in sport. tn 2O10,

there were 700 million people watching
(5) ............ Spain played the Netherlands.

lt'* rrer*

falkrngl

s*.:ul.

The students were talking to Professor Lee.

a) Formal: Professor Lee is the person

b) lnformal: Professor Lee is the person

Number 1: ln the summer of 2O12, everyonewas

watching London, (6) ............ the Olympics
opening ceremony had an estimated 1 billion

I studied at Harvard Universi.

a) Formal: Harvard is the university ..............

viewers.

b) lnformal: Harvard is the university ............

defining
defining
defining
defining
defining
defining
defining

/ non-defining
/ non-defining
/ non-defining
/ non-defining
I non-defining
/ non-defining
/ non-defining

They have been training for the decathlon.

a) Formai: The decathlon is the event
b) lnformal: The decathlon is the event

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UNIT2 Grammar practice

Gonsolidation
5 Gomplete thesecond

sentence so that it has the

same meaning as the first sentence. Use the

words in bold.
brothe/s coat. He'll be back
tomonow. (whose)
My brother, wi]*se r*s i *orr*le,*d, will be back
I borrowed my

tomorrow.
l've lived in this house allmy life and it's for sale.

(where)

2
3

This house,
............., is
for sale.
'l didn't hit your car, Mr Long,' said Dan. (denied)
Dan ..........
... Mr Long's
car.
'Who told you about the problem, Simon?' asked
Jane. (had)
Jane asked Simon
about the
problem.

First, he ate the cake, then he drank some tea.

(had)
After he

............., he

drank some tea-

Gomplete fe sentences with the correct forms of

the verbs in bold.
Gemma promised f* f*sf me when she got home.
(text)
1 Kamil apologized for ...........,................ -. his
mothels birthday. (forget)
2 Bythe me you anived, we
for three hours. (already / wait)
3 Sam advised his sister
.............. to
the party. (not / go)
4
. James yesterday? (see)
5 Sorry, I forgot the money. I
it tomonow, I promise. (bring)
6 ............
.. the Taj Mahal? (everl

visit)

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UNaT 2 Grammar

practice

Relative pronouns & adverbs

I Complete the text with one relative pronoun

ffi

or

adverb in each gap.

Base iumping is an extreme sport iJ':af involves
jumping from taU buildings or cliffs. Jumpers have
parachutes on their backs, (1) .,............. help them
to land safely. lt was Carl Boenish (2) ......
thought of the name base jumping in 1978,
(3) ............... he filrned the first jumps from El
Capitan in Yosemite National Park. Some people
prefer to jump from very tall buildings, such as Buri
Khalifa in the United Arab Emirates, (4)
Nasr Al Niyadi and Omar Al Hegelan set a new world
rec.ord for the hhest base jump in 2010. Base
jumping is an activity (5) ............... is often seen in
action films - for example, in the 2002 fitm xXx, Vin
Diesel, (6) ,.............. character is an extreme sports
enthusiast called Xander Cage, is seen jumping off
the Foresthill Bridge in California.

which, what & that

3 Comptete the sentences with which, what o that
and your own ideas.
The World Cup final is something f&af J l:*r*

rti,is

d'e

anti

af !ayng itt.

1 Don't believe evenlhing

2 This is the place
3 ls there anything.....
............ ?
4 There's nothing
5 Football is a sport
6 I can't believe
Formal & informal structures
4 Read the first text. Then complete the second text,
rewriting the bold phrases using informal
structures-

I remember the time. We used to play football

Usain Bolt is an athlete of whom most people have

heard, but his early success is not something
(l) about which everyone knows. He was bom in
Jamaica and he lived with his parents, brother and
sister, (2) with whom he grew up. He enjoyed
playing cricket and football as a boy, but at high
school he started to concentrate on track and field
events, (3) atwhich he did very well, He then moved
to Kingston and joined the Jamaican Amateur Athletic
Association, (4) with which he trained for the 2002
World Junior Championships. Before the 200 m final,
he was so nervous because ofthe expectations ofthe
home crowd (5) in ftont of which he was running
that he put his shoes on the wrong feet before a race.
He decided never to let himself be affected by

together.

pre-race nerves again.

This is the man. His bag was stolen.

Usain Bolt is an athlete nho :*sl ge*pi* ,ryay* J,"eard

*f, but his early success is not something

There is the park. I leamed to ride a bike there.

Defining & non-defining clauses

2 Join the sentences, using relative pronouns

only if

necessary. Then write whether they are defining

(D) or

nondefining (M) clauses.

This is the football stadium. My team won the cup

here.

Ti;s * f,+r fr:*f&cil si*e; r"t&*re i?3!.' l*i-.'? !"0,?

f&* *ir,. *
l've got an older brother called Max. He's at

college in Barcelona.

l'm going to a new exercise class. lt costs 10.

This is my friend. He's running the marathon next
week.

(1) ... .........

. He was born in

Jamaica and he lived with his parents, brother and

(2)............
.............. . He
enioyed playing cricket and footbalt as a boy, but at
high schoolhe started to concentrate on track and
field events, (3) ... ........
............... . He
then moved to Kingston and joined the Jamaican
Amateur Athletic Association,

sister,

(4)

............

for the 2002 World

Junior Championshrps. He was so nervous because
of the expectations of the home crowd

............
..... that he actually
put his shoes on the wrong feet before a race. He
decided never to let himself be affected by pre-race
nerves again.
(5)

frel^ffil tm

uNlr 2 Grammar practice ffi

Gonsolidation

5 Correct the errors in the sentences. One sentence

is correct.
The Eiffel Tower is a place whe tourists often visit.
r,fucfu
1

Have you met the person whose going to teach

you PE this year?

2 Winter is were I like to go skiing.
3

don't understand that you're saying.

4 Our plane departs at 18.45 and is aniving at 20.15.

5 They announced that they were getting married.
6

Max told to Steve that he hadn't been selected for

the team.

Rewrite the sentences. Use the words in bold.

I intended to go for a run yesterday, but I didn't
have time. (going)
f r,e,=s gr:nE f* g* fur * ru,t 'esferd*y, b* J rf#n}

**ve

f'i;.:e"

Oscar had won the race before his mum anived.

(by the time)
My PE teacher is called Mr Howard. He's training
to run a marathon. (who)

Why don't we watch the match?' said Ethan.

(suggested)

saw him three months ago. (haven't)

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Exam practice 2
Rwanda: a countrywithout plastic bags

ln 2008, Rwanda, a small nation in the east of

Africa, made a brave decision to tackle the problem
of non-biodegradable plastic bags. Most other
countries know that the issue needs to be
addressed, but are too scared to do anything
radical in case it has a negave effect on
businesses and the economy. Rwanda, however,
decided to ban plastic bags altogether. Bangladesh
was the first country to do this back in 2002, but the
results there have been limited. ln Rwanda,
however, the ban really does seem to be working.

B Lifter is a huge prcblem in many African

countries today. Living standands have risen so
much thal millions of people can now afford to buy
supermarket food, which is ofien packaged in
plastic. However, the standards of rubbish disposal
services have not kept up with rising living
standards and the results are often very visible in
the streets - drains are filled with litter, toxic fumes
are given off from buming plastic, and animals
choke to death on plastic bags. Rwanda, however,
is noticeably cleaner than its neighbouring
cou ntries. Dr Rose Mu ka nkomeje, Di rector-General
of the Rwanda Environment Management Authority,
says that travellers often comment that Kigali (the
capital of Rwanda) is not only one of the cleanest
cities in Africa, but it's also one of the most
unpolluted capital cities in the whole world. Some
people have even compared it to immaculate cities
such as Basel or Zurich in SwiEerland.

Reading
I
1

D The ban on plasc bags is just one part of

Rwanda's forward-thinking attitude. Paul Kagame,
the country's president, is leading the Rwanda
Vision 2020 plan. This is aiming to tum the country
into a sustainable middle-income nation by the end
of the decade.

The first country to impose a ban on plastic bags was . ..

Rwanda.
Bangladesh.

A
B
C

Swi2erland.
The Rwandan govemment found a way to ...

A
B
C

manage plastic waste.

make a plastic bag ban good for the economy.
put plastic bag manufacturers out of business.

Umugandais..-

A
B
C

a policy where tax incentives were given to companies to

recycle plastic.
a new market for environmentally friendly bags.
community service that has to be done by most Rwandans.

Answer the questions according to information given

in the text. Use your own words and full sentences.

Why haven't all countries banned plasc bags?

Why is litter a more serious problem than it used to be in many

African countries?

How do the Rwandan people help to keep their country clean?

What are Rwanda's ambitions for the future?

Use of English
Complete the sentences. The meanng should be the
same as that of the sentence above.

So how did Rwanda succeed where most

developed countries are still falling short? The
govemment ficund a way to make the ban help,
rather than damage, the economy. Tax incentives
were used to encourage companies that had
previously manufactured plastic bags to start
recycling them. The ban also created a new market
for environmentally-fiiendly bags that hadnt existed
before. ln addition, the Rwandan people help to
keep their own country clean. They have a policy of
umuganda, which refers to one day of community
work a month, which every Rwandan between the
ages of '18 and 65 who is able to work must do.
People over the age of 65 are also encouraged to
participate if they can. lt usually takes place on the
last Saturday of each month, when people get
together to do communi work.

Choose the correct answels.

Toxic fumes are given off from buming plastic.

Buming plastic
... toxic fumes.
Bangladesh banned plastic bags in 2002.
Plastic bags have
... in Bangladesh since 2002.
People over 65 are also encouraged to participate if they can.
People over 65 are also encouraged
. .. part if
they can.

4 Circle the word that is the odd one out in each group.
1

2
3

bravel scared lboldl courageous

toxic / clean / unpolluted / immaculate
difficulty / problem I issue / future
rubbish / litter / fucilities / waste

Writing
5 Choose oe of the tasks. Write l2G-150 words.
1

fffil ^ffir Im

You are worried about the number of plastic bags currently being
produced. Write a formal email to the enronment minister of
your country to suggest ways that they could tackle the problem.
Write an opinion essay with the following title: 'lt is the
responsibili of developed countries to do more to protect the

environment.'

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UNT 3 Vocabulary practice

Shopping
I Complete the sentences with the correct forms of
the verbs and phrasal verbs in the box.
afferd'',-.hae
I found

1 save
r.e.!ne.e-,,9i&r-i,'tl:,.r.ip,pffi:
up

the perfect present for my mum, so

*rdsred it online.

I
2
3

for six months to

Ben has been
buy a new car.
Everything is reasonably priced in this shop. lt
...... its customers.
doesn't try to ........
lf you don't like your present, you can take it back

.......,..
4 Can you
and

5
2

it for something else.

to buY that dress? lt's

very expensive.
They didn't have my size in the shop, so I
........ the coat online and it's going to
to my house this week.
be ............

Complete the sentences with your own ideas.

I like to browse c si:ps n$eil J $"i J**.t*;g ici

pres*ruls ;r rr:y fre:ds.

lf I buy something and then decide that I don't want

@
Waste

Complete the text with the correct forms of the

words in brackets.
*fsp*sa&de (dispose) London
Every day, over 50,000 rubbish trucks collect almost
(waste). They
85,000 tonnes of (1) ........
take the rubbish to giant (2) ............
(incinerate) on the outskirts of the city. Large boats
also take rubbish to massive landfill sites where it is
(dump) and buried. This is not a
(3) .....,......
(sustain) solution though - 175
(4) ...,........
square kilometres of the UK are already being used to
dispose of rubbish, and the (5) .........
(environment) consequences are huge. Some items,
such as unwanted fridges and other metal goods, are
crushed and sent to China to be (6)
(manufacture) there.
(recycle) by (7) ........

Gonsolidation
5 Replace the underlined words with the correct
forms of the phrasal verbs in the box.

to keep it, I usually

moneyto my phone. **p up

going
We're
to start pilates in the new year.

I often find bargains at

She finds it motivating to participate in a team sport.

I usually wait until the sales to buy

Mario made it to the final of the competition,

I think that

Your ringtone is very loud - could you reduce the

volume?
I haven't got anv remaining credit.

I need to add

think that second-hand shops are .............

window-shopping is ...............

think that top brands are ....,.......

Complete the sentences with suitable

prepositions.
Charlie feels #*rrn because his team lost the match.
1 Make sure you keep ....-..,.... touch when you go
awayto university.
2 lthink it'stimeformeto 9o............ a diet.
3 I can't wait to dive ..........." the sea.
4 Gina has to walk
hot coals as part of the

ldioms
3 Gorrect

the mistakes in the idioms in the

sentences. One sentence is correct.
l'm up to myeye{ashes in bills. *.1e#slls
1 Lara is totally hooked in intemet shopping.
My spending has got out of finger and l've got no

moneyleft....
Are you sure you want to buy this watch? lt costs

l'm on a high because l've been paid and I can go

shopping now! .........
Have you been bitten by the intemet shopping
insect yet? .......-..

frel^ffir

obstacle course.
My brother is trying to
lifting weights.

I'm just

the cinema.
Can you switch
lecture, please?

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bulk

ringing

I ttltlFhcw

at a gym by

to see if you'd like to go to

your phones during the

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UNIT 3 Vocabulary practice

ffi

Shopping

llUaste

Gomplete the dialogue with the correct forms of

appropriate verbs.
A: Hi, l'd like to see if this dress suits me - can I fr:,
it on?
B:

A:

A:

B:
A:

Of course. The changing rooms are over there.

So, what do you think?
Yes, l'lltake it. lf I change my mind later, will
.,... me a refund?
you (1)
..... it back and get
Yes, you can (2)
your money back if you've kept your receipt. lf

you haven't got your receipt, you can

(3) .........,..
it for something else as long
been
worn.
it
hasn't
as
up for this
Great! l've been (4) ............
for ages, and now that I've got enough money, I
to buy it! Does it
can finally (5) ............
come in green as well?
Yes, but we haven't got a green one in the shop.
..... it for you and it'll be
I can (6)
(7) ............
to Your home.

Rewrite the sentences with suitable adjectives.

These cups are easy to dispose of.
l/:ese rJps sre dt'sposafe.
1 This energy-saving idea is easy to sustain.
ls this product made from something that's been
used before?

This method wastes energy.

This is a problem that affects the environment.

Does this rubbish contain materialthat is very bad
for our health?

Consolidation
4 Correct the mistakes in the sentences. One
sentence is correct.
You mustn't swim in this river because it has a lof

Great!

of peutent.

ldioms
2 Complete

the second sentence so that it has the

same meaning as the first sentence. Use the

words in bold.

Kara is feeling very happy at the moment. (high)

Kara is r.r;, * *.SJ: at the moment.
My intemet shopping addiction is out of control.

r*i*i*n

The council is making an effort to increase

recyclable in our area,
l've never had much money, so l'm used to
shopping on a glovestring. .........
Joy has just lost her job, so she needs to tighten
her trousers until she finds a new one.

All the supporters tumed up to cheer on their team.

My intemet shopping addiction has

These tickets are very expensive. {arm)

These tickets cost .,........
My sister is doing lots of shopping to make herself

My sister tongue is Spanish and I leam French as

a second language.
'Tint' is a proverb of 'small'.

(hand)

feelbetter. (therapy)
My sister is getting some ........
John is addicted to buying computer games. (on)
...- buying
John is
computer games.
I owe a lot of money. (eyeballs)

l'm

.-.........

in debt.

Dan is very unhappy at the moment. (down)

.... at the moment.
Dan is

Gomplete the sentences with your own ideas.

I pay with cash when f **y srn*ii if+rls.

I pay by credit card when

I help to protect the environment by

lwent on a spending spree when

4 To keep fit, I
5 I think that social networking sites are

EI

My favourite sporting toumament of the year is

uNT 3 Grammar practice

Active & passive forms

I Gomplete the text with the verbs in brackets. Use

The causative

the passive or active form.

The one-day sale sfas (start) tomorrow at 8 a.m. and
(1) ......... ..
...... (end) at 6 p.m. Many items
(2) ............
(reduce) by up to 50%. Extra
(give) to the first
discounts (3) ............
year,
over 2,000 people
100 customers. Last
(4)............
(come)toourone-daysale
and hundreds of items (5) ...............,.,........, (sell)
at bargain prices! Come early so that you
(not I miss) your chance to
(6) ............
get one of those bargains!

check cut decorate mark spill steal takeeut

Kim had her tooth fek*l; *uf by the dentist.

Gomplete the sentences in the passive in two

ways.
She gave Rachelsome chocolates.
a) Rachel was gren soffis *l:*s.>iafcs.
b) Some chocolates rv*re gir,*n l* **i:*i.
1 He taught Mandarin to the students.

2
3

We're having our

house

.. at the

moment,

2
3

lhad soup

.........

on me in the restaurant.
He had his blood pressure ............ ...... by the

doctor yesterday.
4 He's having his hair
.. in the moming.
5 Jake had his phone
.. last month.
6 The students are having their exams
at the moment.

Passive wth two objects

Gomplete the sentences with the correct forms of

the verbs in the box.

Consolidation
5 Gomplete the sentences with the correct forms of
the vels in bold.
This time tomorrow, I?l Ss s;ffing on a beach. (sit)
1 Whilewe ............. forthe bus, it
started to rain. (wait)
2 David warned his sister
.............. at
that restaurant. (not / eat)
3 At the moment, the baby
............-. by
his mother. (fed)

a) The students
b) Mandarin
She will give the phone to her cousin.
a) Her cousin
b) The phone
We're sending some photos to Uncle Harry.

4
5

a) Uncle Harry .........

b) Some photos
to Uncle Harry.

Jane congratulated me on
engaged. (get)
lt started to rain while the footballmatch
between France and

Germany. (play)

lmpersonal & infinitive forms

3 Translate the sentences into your language.

lt is thought that sales will increase over the

summer.

This shop is rumoured to be closing down.

It is believed that customers spend more money if
the shop is repainted.

It is reported that many families buy essential

things with credit cards.

Choose the correct options or complete the gaps

with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
Pop-up shops, which / where are temporary shops
that appear for a short perod of time, are becomng
more common. Pop-up shops (1) .-..........
(use) by businesses because they are often more
affordable than having a permanent shop. They are
also useful for promoting a business because their
sudden appearance (2) ...........
(usually / notice) by passers-by and potential
customers. They (3)
........... (give)
businesses the opportunity to test new products on
the market, (4) which / who helps them for the future.
The temporary nature of a pop-up shop also
(5) ............
(encourage) people
(6) which lwho are browsing to make quick
purchases. There are some customerc (7) whose i

who admit (8) ............

(buy) items from
pop-up shops that they might not buy in normal shops.

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6F66

UNIT 3 Grammar practice

ffi

Active & passive forms

I Rewrite the sentenees in the passive. Only include

5 r i;;;rr"i

ini the store witt extend its openins

hours.

the agent if necessary.

The shop is thought to being for sale.

Spanish people spent over 80,000 in the store

this weekend.
*y*r **].S*S y'as spe,ti $ Sp*nish p**pfe i* f*
sl:re ifuis wsei..en*,
They closed the shop for two hours yesterday.
People have donated over $100,000 to charity this
month.

The causative

Rewrite the sentences in the causative.

1 Someone is coming to decorate their house
tomorrow.
Her bag was stolen at the concert last night.

3 The supermarket delivers all my grocery shopping.

3 People are buying gold instead of property.

He's going to fix my computertonight.

4
4

Blue Sky Airlines will give away 100 free tickets.

5 The dentist cleaned my mum's teeth.

The prime minister is going to open the new

hospital tomorrow.

People had bought many items before today.

Passive wth two objects

2 Rewrite the sentences in the two possible

Gonsolidation
5 Gomplete the second sentenee

so that it has the

same meaning as the first sentence. Use the

passive

forms. Do not include the agent.

She told Pam the secrets.
a) Parr *,ss i*id i&s s+*r*fs.
b) l,te s**.r+fs r*r* f*jd f* F*;
1 They showed the woman the map.
a) ...,...........
b) ...............

words in bold.

"

2
3

They broke my dad's new camera.

He's already offered Simone some cake.

a) ..............
b) .....,....,...,
We'll give a coat to James.
a) ..............
b) ..............

There's a rumour that the manager has rcsned.

(has)
It is rumoured that f** ffsi?srsr,;;.:s r*slgced.
The hairdresser cut Sue's hair yesterday. (had)

Sue ,.........,
They gave Mrs Harris a present. (was)
Mrs Harris
There's the place - I got married there. (where)
There's
'You broke my bike,' lan said to Helen. (aceused)
lan

lmpersonal & infinitive forms

3 Gorrect the errors in the sentences. One sentence

Translate the sentences into your language.

I All customers will have their money refunded by
the end ofthe day.

is correct.
It is hinking that consumers are becoming more
demanding. tfo*r:g*t
1

The store is rumour to be closing down.

It is belief that people are spending more than last

After the thief had broken into the house, he stole

the jewellery.
He was accused of breaking the item, but he
denied that he'd done it.

ye4r.........

I'm having lunch with myfriend tomorrow.

3 The thief is reporting to have stolen over 600 from

the shop.

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F6G

Exam practice 3
Elephants

Reading

extinct by 202O?

Conservationists warn that elephant numbers are

falling at such an alarming rate that they could be extinct
by the end of the decade. At the start of the twentieth
century, there were a few million African elephants and
about 100,000 Asian elephants, but today it is estimated
that there are only 450,000-700,000 African elephants
and 35,000-40,000 Asian elephants. Aftican and Asian
elephants are two distinct species. African elephants live
in countries south of the Sahara desert and in the
rainforests of west and central Africa. They are massive,
with large, fan-shaped ears. Asian elephants are found in
lndia, China and much of south-east Asia. They are
much smaller than African elephants, with earc that are
straight at the bottom.

Over the last century, African elephant numbers have declined

but Asian elephant numbers have increased.

Some plant species would not exist without elephants.

Elephant poaching is not as bad now as it was in the 1990s.

Answerthe questions according to information

given in the text. Use your own words and full
sentences.
Why is the price of ivory going up?

Such a rapid reduction in the number of elephants is

alarming because these animals help to maintain
ecosystems for other species and are fundamental to
biodiversi. lt is said that elephants are a 'keystone'
species in Africa, which means that they play a very
important role in the survival of other animal and plant
species. Forexample, elephants pull down trees and
break up bushes, which creates grassland for other
animals to use, and many plant species are dependent
on passing through an elephant's digestive system
before they can germinate.

live.

Elephants are also losing their natural habitat

because of conflict with the human population.
Expanding villages, towns and cities, plantation
development, and the building of inftastructure such as
roads and canals are all reducing the amount of space
available to elephants. Wildlife managers and local
communities are being trained so that they can find a
way to live alongside elephants without destrcying their
natural habitat.

What was the result of the international ban on ivory trade in

1989?
In what two ways can ivory taken from smugglers help to
tackle the poaching problem?

What is being done to hetp local people learn how to protect

elephants' habitat?

Use of English
3 Complete the sentences
1

with an appropriate word.

The elephant population has..,......,-.,,. dedining forthe last

100 years.
There has been an intemational ivory trade ban in place
............... 1989.
Govemments are trying
discourage the illegal
ivory trade.
DNA analysis has been canied out on illegal ivory ...............
that areas where poaching happens can be identified.

Explain the meanings of these expressons from the

text.

fundamentalto biodiversity (paragraph B)

(be) dependent on (paragnph B)

tackle the issue {pangraph C)

Writing
5
1
2

fre] -Hr

Provide evdence from the text to jusSfy your

answers.

G So why have elephant numbers fallen so rapidly over

the last 100 years and what is being done to deal with
the problem? Poaching remains the greatest danger to
elephants, as the ivory trade continues to boom in some
parts of the world. ln fact, as elephants become rarer, the
price of and demand for ivory are increasing. ln 1989, an
international trade ban on ivory was introduced, which
was very successful in reducing poaching in the 1990s.
But since that success, there has been less enforcement
of the laws and the amount of poaching has increased
again. Govemments around the world are trying to tackle
the issue - a nunber of countries have destroyed their
stores of ivory that have been taken from smugglers to
try to discourage the illegal ivory trade. ln addition, DNA
analysis of ivory is being used to find out exactly which
herds are being targeted by poachers, so law
enforcement can be focused on the areas where they

Read the text and mark the sentences frue or farse.

Choose one of the tasks. Write l2l}-150 words.

Write a discussion essay with the following tle: 'Too much
time and money is spent on protecting elephants that would
be better spent on human beings who need help.' Discuss.
Write an essay with this title: 'Which wild animal most needs to
be protected, and why?'

AVF^

I tltlrF6r+V

UNIT 3 Writing practice

Writing skills: step {

Writing skills: step 2

3 Correct frve phrases or sentences in the email that

have been written in the wrong sde.

Hey Maddie,

A
How are you? I was pleased to receive your email.
Sorry you couldn't join us at the shopping centre on
Saturday.
B
I am writing with reference to your query about my
dress for Thomas's party. Well, I found a fantastic
one! I was really lucky because it was on sale for
f35, reduced from 70! lt's a beautiful pale green
colour. Your dress is red, isn't it? That's good then.
At least we won't be wearing the same thing! The
only problem is, although I saved money on the
dress, I spent it on shoes! I bought a pair that cost

f60.
Rewrite the formal sentences in an informal style,
with question tags.

Please confirm that you have sent your cheque.

ltsJ'te s*li ytidJr *ft*qt"rs, **i.'*re'i y*ul
Please inform us whether you wish to order a
larger size.

After we'd done our shopping, we went to the cinema

and saw that new sci-fi film. lt was great. We're still
planning to go bowling next Saturday. Please
confirm that you will be attending. Alex wants to
bring her brother as well.

We request confirmation that you will arrive before

midnight.

We understand that you enjoyed the performance.

We believe that you have telephoned twice before.

How was your weekend? Hope you enjoyed the day

with your uncle.
I look fonuard to hearing from you.
Yours sincerely,
Susie

Please confirm that you will purchase your tickets

online.

We understand that you had planned to visit in

Gomplete paragraphs A-D with sentences

1 Think l'm going to be in trouble for thatl
2 Was he just with you for the day?
3 You'll be OK with that, won't you?
4 We had a great time, but we missed you.

January.

fffil-Hr

ilIm

^vF^

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l-4.