Fisheries and Fishton

Winter Outreach 2016

test your knowledge!

FISHERIES?
ECOLOGY?

FISH?

AQUACULTURE?

PLANKTON?

NOAA?

MARICULTURE?

Plankton
Derived from Greek word planktos
Most abundant form of marine life
Most important primary producers
organisms that make their own food & then provide food for
others
Many different habitats

Plankton Types
Phytoplankton

Zooplankton

plant-like
single-celled organisms
autotrophs

animal-like
herbivores

What type of plankton (pictured below) is deemed

responsible for making our atmosphere develop oxygen
millions of years ago?
A. Cyanobacteria
B. Zooplankton
C. Coccolithophores
D. Dinoflagellates

Plankton Life Cycle

Holoplankton

Meroplankton

Entire life cycle is planktonic

Ex: jellyfish & comb jellies

Part of life cycle is planktonic

Ex: sea star larvae & sea
urchin larvae

Fish vs. Plankton?

What Are Fisheries?

A geographic area that is associated with a population of aquatic organisms which

are harvested for their commercial or recreational value.

Types of fisheries include

-Commercial fisheries: fish and/or shellfish are caught and sold.
-Subsistence fisheries: the harvested organisms are shared or consumed directly.
-Recreational fisheries: the fish are caught for personal use, pleasure, or
competition.

Where are fisheries?

Regions where marine fisheries are located

Alaska
Northeast
Pacific Island
Southeast
Southwest
Each region has its own Fish Management Plan (FMP)
Fisheries can be in or near bodies of water

Alaska contains the largest amount of fisheries, what is

their primary crop?
A. Herring
B. Salmon
C. Groundfish
D. Shellfish

Aquaculture

Also known as aquafarming

Growing aquatic organisms in a controlled setting
Different from commercial fishing

Fish Farms

Aquaculture- (n). the rearing of aquatic animals or the cultivation of

aquatic plants for food
Originally, fish were caged in the ocean

Mariculture

Farming aquatic plants and animals

Subset of aquaculture
salt water

Shellfish Farms
Oyster

common shellfish farms are

oyster farms
start off as seeds ()
not only for human consumption

Clam

starts out as larvae

spread out on screens in an
upweller
once old enough they are set out
in screens in rafts or troughs
once big enough they are set out
in to their habitat to grow under
big screens

NOAA: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

NOAA Fisheries Service is a federal agency that is responsible for :

management
conservation
protection of living marine resources within the United States.
NOAA Bycatch Strategy- monitors and reduces bycatch. Search yearly reports if interested
Freshwater fisheries are monitored by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Each state has its own office to oversee freshwater fishing

B/ BMSY * 100 = Percentage

People rely on NOAA for many things, but which is NOT

one of them?
A. Tornado warnings
B. Oil spill recovery
C. Safe movement of ships worldwide
D. Long-lasting supply of
quality seafood

What is Bycatch?
Bycatch is the accidental capturing of unwanted organisms
during fishing. Non-target species are usually thrown
overboard whether they are dead or injured.
(http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/by_catch/bycatch_whatis.htm)

How serious is Bycatch?

7.3 million tons of marine life are caught accidentally
For every shrimp caught by nets dragged behind trawls in the Gulf of
Mexico, over four times its weight is bycatch

What is Overfishing?

Overfishing: organisms are captured faster than they can reproduce.

(Causes population decline)
Poor management, technology and a higher demand

Derelict Fishing Gear

According to NOAA, the term Derelict fishing gear (DFG)
refers to nets, lines, crab/shrimp pots, fish traps, and other
recreational or commercial fishing equipment that has been
lost, abandoned, or discarded in the marine environment.
Modern gear is generally made of synthetic materials and
metal, and lost gear can persist for a very long time.

Solutions
Educating and outreach
Controlled or proper disposal

so to recap...

References
"Bycatch." WorldWildlife.org. World Wildlife Fund. Web. 4 Jan. 2015. <http://www.worldwildlife.org/threats/bycatch>.
"Consortium for Wildlife Bycatch Reduction." What Is Bycatch? Web. 4 Jan. 2015.
<http://www.bycatch.org/about-bycatch>.
"FishWatch." NOAA. Web. 4 Jan. 2015. <http://www.fishwatch.gov/wild_seafood/what_is_a_fishery.htm>.
"The Threats of Overfishing: Consequences at the Commercial Level." DUJS Online. 11 Mar. 2012. Web. 4 Jan. 2015.
<http://dujs.dartmouth.edu/winter-2012/the-threats-of-overfishing-consequences-at-the-commercial-lev
#.VKiQLVa4nlI>.
"Unsustainable Fishing." WWF -. Web. 4 Jan. 2015.
<http://wwf.panda.org/about_our_earth/blue_planet/problems/problems_fishing/>.
"What Are Fisheries." What Are Fisheries. Web. 4 Jan. 2015.
<http://coast.noaa.gov/psc/sea/content/what-are-fisheries>.
"What Is Bycatch?" :: Office of Sustainable Fisheries. Web. 4 Jan. 2015.
<http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/by_catch/bycatch_whatis.htm>.

References ctd.
Strickland, Jonathan. "How Fisheries Work - HowStuffWorks." Web log post.HowStuffWorks. Discovery Channel, n.d. Web. 04 Feb.
2015.
"FISH FARMING AND FARMED FISH - AN INTRODUCTION BY PAUL COURTNAGE, PROJECT OCEAN VISION." Fish Farming. Project
Ocean Vision, 2006. Web. 05 Feb. 2015.
"Chesapeake Bay Oyster Company :: Farming - Oyster Aquaculture." Farming - Oyster Aquaculture. Chesapeake Bay Oyster Company,
2009. Web. 06 Feb. 2015.
"Farming Manila Clams." Farming Clams. Penn Cove Shellfish, n.d. Web. 06 Feb. 2015.
J. Kelsey, personal communication. 2013.

Materials

5 types of candy
Swedish fish
Mint patties
Jelly beans
Hershey kisses
Mike & Ikes
5 clean bins
5 nets
5 rolls of tape

Paper plate
Miscellaneous craft
pieces

Games

By-candy Reduction

Try to modify your net using only tape to reduce the chance of catching the BAD candy
(by-catch) and only catch the good fish (in moderate amounts)
Mint patties (Sea Turtles -6)
Tootsie rolls (Dolphins -3)
Swedish fish (Tuna +4, max 10)
Hershey kisses (Striped Bass +3, max 10)
Mike and Ikes and Dots (Shrimp +1 max 15)
For each animal caught over the limit -1 point

The great fish race

try to make your plates go through the air as fast as possible to create and aerodynamic
fish!
use only the supplies given to you!

Games ctd. (time permitting)

By-catch, By-catch, Fisherman

similar idea to duck-duck-goose

You will receive a card (crab or terrapin); look to see what has been assigned to you but
dont tell anyone!

Someone will be selected as the first fisherman. This person will begin going around the
circle (just like duck-duck-goose).

The fisherman will tap someone, naming them the new fisherman. This fisherman will
chase the person who tapped them.

If the new fisherman does not catch the selected person, the person is safe and the game
will continue.

If the person is caught, they must identify themselves as either a crab or a terrapin. If the
person is a crab, they have been caught and are out. If the person is a terrapin, the fisherman
AND the person are out.