Design Report for Hydropower Plant Field

Project Design Report

Training center Hydropower

station

For examination ver.01

Ministry of Energy and Mining (MEM)

Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)
1

Design Report for Hydropower Plant Field

Project Design Report

for
Training Center Hydropower Station Construction Project

CONTENTS

1. Meteorological Conditions
2. Hydraulic machinery, electric engineering
2.1 Hydraulic machinery
2.2 Electric system
2.3 Control, Protection and Measuring
2.4 Other general requirements

Drawings
- Single Line Diagram
- Equipment layout diagram
- Layout diagram
- Cross section diagram

Ministry of Energy and Mining (MEM)

Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)
2

Design Report for Hydropower Plant Field

1.

Meteorological Conditions
Meteorological conditions of the Project areas are mentioned as below:
(1) Atmospheric Temperatures
Maximum air temperature:
45oC
Minimum air temperature:
0oC
Annual mean air temperature: 25 oC
(2) Air Density
Basic air density is 0.12.
(3) Wind velocity
The maximum gust in the past 36 years was 40 m/s recorded in Vientiane. Based on
IEC 60826 and CIGRE AC 22 WG06-2000, 10 minutes mean wind velocity of 35 m/s
is applied for the facility design.
(4) Annual Rainfall
The country is characterized by a tropical climate with two distinct seasons; the rainy
season from the beginning of May to the end of September and the dry season from
October through April. Maximum annual rainfall in the country is 4,000 mm, and that
in the project area is 3,050 mm in Vientiane. Such rainfall in the rainy season was, in
particular, taken into account for examining the construction schedule.
(5)

Lightning (Isokeraunic Level)

Maximum and mean thunderstorm days per year in the project area are recorded
respectively as 40 and 28 against maximum 141 days recorded over the country. The
isokeraunic level in the project area is assumed to be 140.

(6)

Seismic
Lao PDR is not seismically active country.

(7)

Other Conditions
Maximum humidity is assumed to be 100%, and pollution level to be light.

2. Hydraulic machinery, electric engineering

2.1 Hydraulic machinery
2.1.1 Main parameters of turbine
Table1.1 Main parameters of Turbine
Type
Runner Diameter
Maximum Net Water Head
Rated Net Water Head
Minimum Net Water Head
Rated Output
Rated Discharge
Rated Efficiency

VF-1RS
2.0m
273m
254m
244m
45MW
19.33m3/s
93.5%

Ministry of Energy and Mining (MEM)

Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)
3

Design Report for Hydropower Plant Field

Maximum Efficiency
Rated Speed
Runaway Speed
Total Weight of One Unit
Rating Direction

94.2%
500rpm
890rpm
102t
Clockwise Viewed From Top

2.1.2 Auxiliary Equipment of Units

2.1.2.1 Governing System
1) Governor and oil pressure equipment
One programmable governor (PID regulation law) is applied, its rated oil pressure is 20kgf/cm 2
and primary distribution valve is 80mm in diameter.
One set of combination oil pressure device shall be provided to the governor with rated oil
pressure of 20kgf/cm2 and capacity of oil pressure tank is 4.8m3.
2) Transient Calculation
In accordance with the comprehensive characteristic curve of runner model used for this power
station, runaway characteristic curve, inertia moment of generator (GD2=360t.m2), headrace
system parameters as well as upstream and downstream water level, the closing law of wicket
gate shall be calculated by straight-line closing law. The maximum speed of units will be
increased by 44.3% when the unit reject the rated loads; the rising value of maximum pressure
for spiral case is 28.5%.Closing time of wicket gate is 10s.
The results indicate that transient calculation of unit load rejection can meet the design
specification after sure shaft is provided in headrace system.
2.1.2.2 Crane
The heaviest part in powerhouse is generator rotor, which is estimated about 100t. One gantry
crane should be provided to meet the needs during unit erection and maintenance and repairing.
Capacity for main hook is 1250kN and auxiliary hook is 320kN, capacity for electric chain block
is 100kN. The span is 15m: traveling speed of bridge and trolley is 20m/min and 15m/min
respectively. Hoisting speed of main hook and auxiliary hook is 1m/min and 5m/min respectively.
And for the convenience of operation and maintenance one overhead traveling crane in
powerhouse should be provided.
2.1.3 Auxiliary Equipment of Hydraulic Machinery
2.1.3.1 Oil system
Oil system consists of turbine oil system. Turbine oil system is mainly applied for oil supply and
oil treatment for bearings, governor and oil pressure devices in different position of unit.
Insulating oil is mainly applied for oil supply, oil drain and oil treatment.
Pressured parts of an oil pressure supply system shall withstand and be no leakage with respect to
a water pressure test at which pressure is 1.5 times the designed pressure.
Materials that are used for an oil pressure tank, oil pressured pipes are corrosion-resistant and
inspected chemical characteristics of the materials to prevent a reduction of the pressure strength
by corrosion.
Ministry of Energy and Mining (MEM)
Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)
4

Design Report for Hydropower Plant Field

2.1.3.2 Compressed air system

Main equipment of compressed air system should be selected in accordance with pressure grade
of compressed air each position and air consumption volume.
Pressured parts of a compressed air supply system withstand and are no leakage with respect to a
water pressure test at which pressure is 1.5 times the designed pressure.
Materials that are used for a compressed air tank and pipes corrosion-resistant and inspected
chemical characteristics of the materials to prevent a reduction of the pressure strength by
corrosion.
Equipment
Specification
Pressure air compressor
Q=0.12m3/min,P=30kgf/cm2,N=2.2kW
Compressed air tank
Vertical indoor, V=0.2m3, P=30kgf/cm2
Low pressure air tank for Vertical indoor, V=0.2m3, P=10kgf/cm2
break

Qty.
2
1
1

2.1.3.3 Unit cooling water supply system

Unit cooling water supply system is mainly applied for supplying cooling water to unit bearings.
2.1.3.4 Dewatering and drainage system
Dewatering system is applied for dewatering the accumulated water in spiral case, water leakage
from upstream gate during the unit is under maintenance and repair.
And direct method for draft tube drainage system is adopted.
Drainage system is mainly applied for leakage water from hydraulic structures of powerhouse,
main shaft sealing, equipment, valves and pipes. Two dewatering pumps are selected, which can
be in standby each other and be operated intermittently to drain the leakage water.
Dewatering system and drainage system is equipped with two jet pumps so that the leakage water
in the powerhouse can be drained at once in case power is off.
2.1.3.5 Hydraulic measuring system
Measuring items for the whole plant and unit section are provided in this power station. There are
one set of hydraulic measuring items for the whole plant and one set of measuring items for unit
section.
The measuring items for the whole plant include upstream and downstream levels, gross water
head of power station, and differential pressure of trash rack.
The measuring items for unit section include inlet pressure of spiral case, outlet pressure of draft
tube, and net water head of turbine, top cover pressure of turbine and discharge of turbine.

Ministry of Energy and Mining (MEM)

Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)
5

Design Report for Hydropower Plant Field

2.1.4 Emergency water interception devices

Hydraulic turbine and waterways shall be equipped with devices that can intercept the inflow to
the turbine.
1) Gate of intake
Gate of intake has an emergency shut off device.
2) Guide vane
Oil pressure supply system has capacity to stop the turbine and generator under condition that
the pressure oil isnt supplied to oil tank in case of remarkable drop of oil pressure.
2.2 Electric system
2.2.1 Training center Hydropower station
2.2.1.1 Access mode
The hydropower station is with one 115kV-outgoing lines which is connected with Training center
substation with power transmission distance of 3km.
2.2.1.2 Main electric connection
Main transformer is of 3-phase transformer.
The 115kV neutral point is grounded directly.
2.2.1.3 Service power source
Service power is supplied normally by generator terminal via transformer 1HTrB/2HTrB. And
service power is supplied by 22kV rural grid to meet the requirement while generator terminal
power supply is off.
2.2.1.4 Selection of main electric equipment
(1)Selection of main electric equipment
1) Generator
The generator is of vertical suspended type three-phase synchronous one.
The mechanical strength of rotating parts of generators is designed and installed so that there is no
risk of damage at the maximum runaway speed for 2minuits.
Rated capacity
Rated power
Rated voltage
Rated current
Rated frequency
Rated power factor
Rated speed
Runaway speed
Rated efficiency
Phase number
Insulation class(stator winding/
rotor winding)
Connection of stator winding
Rotation direction(top viewed)

53MVA
45MW
11kV
2361.9A
50Hz
0.85
500rpm
890rpm
97.5%
3
F/F
Y
clockwise

Ministry of Energy and Mining (MEM)

Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)
6

Design Report for Hydropower Plant Field

GD2
Rated lightning impulse withstand voltage
(peak value)
Rated short-duration power-frequency
withstand voltage
2) Main transformer
Rated voltage and voltage regulating scope
Maximum operating voltage
Rated frequency
Rated capacity
Impedance
Cooling mode
Grounding of neutral point
Rated lightning impulse withstand voltage
(peak value)
Rated short-duration power-frequency
withstand voltage
Oil quantify( total)
Noise
Use of polychlorinated biphenyl

360t-m2
49kV
23kV

115/11kV
123kV
50Hz
55MVA
10.5%
ONAF
direct grounding
550kV
230kV
21000L
50dB
none

3)123kV circuit breaker

123kV circuit breaker shall be of SF6 gas type, single pole with 123kV circuit-breaker shall be of
SF6 gas type, single pole with three-pole arrangement and outdoor use. The circuit breakers
shall be suitable for single and 3-phase multiple tripping and rapid auto-reclosing provided with
a motor-operated spring mechanism and shall comply with the related IEC
standards/recommendations.
max voltage
Rated current
Rated frequency
Rated short circuit breaking current
Rated interrupting time
Rated operating sequence
Rated closing operation voltage
Rated control voltage
Rated short-duration power-frequency
withstand voltage
Rated lightning impulse withstand
voltage(peak value)

123kV
1600A
50Hz
20kA,2sec
less than or equal to 5 cycle
O-0.3sec-CO-3min-CO
DC110V
DC110V
230kV
550kV

4)123kV disconnector
Ministry of Energy and Mining (MEM)
Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)
7

Design Report for Hydropower Plant Field

Nominal voltage
Rated voltage
Rated current
Rated frequency
Rated short-time withstand current
Rated peak withstand current
Rated control voltage
Rated short-duration power-frequency
withstand voltage
Rated lightning impulse withstand
voltage(peak value)

115kV
123kV
1600A
50Hz
31.5kA, 2s
80kA
110V
230kV
550kV

5)115kV Metal Oxide Surge Arrester(MOA)

MOA with porcelain bushing is applied for 115kV lightning arrester. The lightning arrester is
fixed on the 115kV outgoing line for lightning over voltage protection.
Model
ZZ-108
System nominal voltage
115kV
Rated voltage
108kV
Continuous operating voltage
84kV
Nominal discharge current
10kA
6) Distribution device of generator voltage
Case-sharing busbars are applied for connection between generator and 11kV switch cabinet.
Connection between 11kV switch cabinet and transformer is cable. at the outlet of generator,
vacuum generator breaker is provided.
a. Generator breaker
Type
vacuum
Nominal voltage
11kV
Rated voltage (max voltage for
12kV
equipment)
Rated current
3150A
Rated frequency
50Hz
Rated breaking current
40kA,2sec
Rated interrupting time
less than or equal to
10cycle
Rated closing operation voltage
DC110V
Rated control voltage
DC110V
Rated lightning impulse withstand voltage
75kV
(peak value)
Rated short-duration power-frequency
28kV
withstand voltage

Ministry of Energy and Mining (MEM)

Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)
8

Design Report for Hydropower Plant Field

b. Case sharing busbar

Nominal voltage
Rated voltage (max voltage for
equipment)
Rated current
Rated frequency
Rated short-time withstand current
Rated peak current
Rated lightning impulse withstand voltage
(peak value)
Rated short-duration power-frequency
withstand voltage
7) 22kV switch cabinet
Nominal voltage
Rated voltage (max
equipment)
Rated current
Rated frequency
Rated breaking current
Rated interrupting time

voltage

for

Rated closing operation voltage

Rated control voltage
Rated lightning impulse withstand voltage
(peak value)
Rated short-duration power-frequency
withstand voltage

11kV
12kV
3000A
50Hz
40kA
100A
75kV
28kV

22kV
24kV
630A
50Hz
31.5kA,2sec
less than or equal to
10cycle
DC110V
DC110V
145kV
50kV

(5) The height of live part

The height of live parts of electrical equipment in switch-yard is 3,200mm ( the minimum height).
2.2.1.5 Overvoltage protection and earthing work
(1)Over Voltage Protection
1) Principles for insulation coordination of electric equipment
a. Insulation strength of equipment in the station shall be designed according to the protection
level higher than that of the equipment as well as with proper redundance.
b. Insulation of 115kV electric equipment generally can withstand the operating overvoltage
occurring in the system. Its insulation strength depends on the protection level of lightning
arrester of atmospheric overvoltage. So, insulation of 115kV electric equipment is coordinated
based on 10kA residual voltage of lightning arrester.
2) Grounding modes of neutral points of generator and main transformer
Ministry of Energy and Mining (MEM)
Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)
9

Design Report for Hydropower Plant Field

Grounding mode of generator neutral point is designed according to unit neutral point grounding
via neutral grounding transformer for grounding fault detection.
The neutral point of transformer is directly grounded.
3) Overvoltage protection
To prevent electric equipment from lightning, protection for electric equipment of 115kV outdoor
facilities adopts lightning rod. 115kV-outgoing line is protected by lightning conductor.
To prevent electric equipment form damage caused by lightning invasion wave and internal
overvoltage, one group of zinc oxide arrester shall be provided to outgoing line of switchyard to
protect HV distribution facilities and equipment.
(2) Earthing
Earthing work of Class A is provided at an arbitrarily chosen point in the electrical circuit. Earth
mesh shall be installed in the power station and each earthing conductor shall be connected to
earth mesh certainly.
Earthing conductors are:
Material : Annealed copper twisted wire
Diameter : 10mm2
Earthing conductors to be installed on external fences in accordance with LEPTS is not connected
to earthing conductors of other electrical equipment.
Earthing conductors for instrument transformers, neutral points and surge arresters shall be
earthed directly to the ground without connecting to stands of equipment. Bare live parts of
earthing conductors shall be installed so that there is no risk of operators contacting them easily.
2.3 Control, Protection and Measuring
2.3.1 Power station
2.3.1.1 Computer control monitoring system
The monitoring system of the station will adopt the continuous monitoring control system.
(1)The main tasks of monitoring system
The main tasks of monitoring system are to monitor and control the station equipment
automatically in accordance with the demands of the power system and the operation mode of the
station.
(2)The operation mode of the computer control monitoring system
The generator control units could perform the sequence control of the start/stop operation of the
Unit and the adjustment of the load of the Unit.
(3) The main function of the computer control monitoring system
1)Alarm system
The system could alarm in sound.
When accident happens the controlled equipment, the system could alarm in sound, speaking and
displaying the relevant information. The alarm sound could be sent out in different audio signal in
Ministry of Energy and Mining (MEM)
Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)
10

Design Report for Hydropower Plant Field

order to distinguish accident and failure. The accident audio signal is with strong loud in order to
remind the notice of the personnel on duty and quick response. The sound alarm could be relieved
manually or automatically.
2.3.1.2 Measuring systems
(1)Measuring systems
The measuring scope includes the electric and non-electric parameters of generator unit, main
transformer, service transformers, busbar and line.
(2) Signals of accident and failure
Two sets of independent outputs for action signal of protection relay are provided, one to
computer control monitoring system and the other one for standby. The corresponding signal
displayed locally applies light and sound-alarm device on local control panel.
(3) The number of the accessory connection spots of the circuit breaker, disconnection switches
and grounding switches should meet not only the demands of logical control but also the demands
of the local display, remote picture and the computer control monitoring system.
2.3.1.4 Provision of interlock
Disconnecting switches are provided with an interlock so that the disconnecting switch cannot be
operated when loaded with load current.
disconnecting
Condition
switch
(DS operation available)
189A
CB152A open
189G
DS189A open
89H1
CBH210 open
2.3.1.5 DC system
The voltage of DC system is 110V. The DC system is applied for power supply to the relay
protection, automation elements, accessory equipments, the operation of the circuit breakers and
emergency lighting.
(1)DC system in plant area
DC system consists of two sets of storage batteries and two sets of floating charging devices.
When DC system is down, batteries supply power to system.
2.3.1.6 AC power source control system
Two sets of 10kVA UPS AC power sources for the power station are provided.

Ministry of Energy and Mining (MEM)

Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)
11

Design Report for Hydropower Plant Field

2.4 Other general requirements

2.4.1 Prevention of Damage by Small Animals to Electrical Facilities
Prevention of damage by small animals is provided at necessary point in the substation.
Figure 1 shows one example.

Fig1. Prevention of damage by small animals

2.4.2
Prevention of Damage by Rainwater to Electrical Facilities
Drainage channel is provided around the switch-yard.
2.4.3

Prevention of Pollution by Insulating Oil

Sump is provided around each main transformer.
Polychlorinated biphenyl is never contained in insulating oil which is used in electrical
equipments.

2.4.4

Prevention of Emissions of SF6 Gas

For electrical equipment that uses SF6 gas, appropriate measure is taken so that SF6 gas is
not emitted into the atmosphere.

2.4.6 Prevention of damage to bus bars

Bus bars and connection conductors, and overhead ground wires to be installed in the
stations are installed in accordance with the provisions of LEPTS so that there is no risk of
damage.

Ministry of Energy and Mining (MEM)

Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)
12