!

"
# # $% &# '
( ) * American Oil Chemist’s Society, FDA Pesticide Analytical Manual, Association of Official
Analytical Chemists The sample analyzed and studied here is owned or controlled by the company named above.
The parental batch was prepared in 2009, by the traditional method in Tamale Ghana.
Test +( %# + , % )
- .#
+( %# ( # ' /% # ' .#
, 0 1 %' ( .#
% 20 0 % 3!4-5- .#
%2 & 4 -5- .#
( # % # .#
) ) 6!&"7 6 &6 .#
% (' # + , % %2 )
& 64 .#
+ . 8&6 ' )59) +
: # ; 2 % 6& "4 -
% % 5 +
!& ' )5<)
# .#
#2 # .#
' # # ; 2 &" 4
+ 5 5
# ; 2 "&"8 +
% &%( 1 1 .#
= ' 5 +
= ' 5 5
% # 0 )# + , % )
# .#
% # .#
1 ' 2 # .#
% # + 1 )
# & 4 .#
# 6&66 4 .#
# & 4 .#
+ ' # & 4 .#
= ## # & 4 .#
#( # !& 4 .#
#% # & 4 .#
,( # &!64 .#
: ( # &!64 .#
) # # &!84 .#
< - &! 4 .#
/ ( 2 /! # % # .#
2 # .#
Samuel Hunter, PhD, MD. Date
Clinical Director and Chief Laboratory Service 07/31/09
American Shea Butter Institute • 4525 Holly Ave • Suite B • Columbus, GA 30904
Tel: 404 377 6199 Fax 706 478 3100
 2

> %#2%%
( 1 ' , ; 0 -- %% % ( 2 % ) 1(
0 %2 %, % ( # 1# 1 %% 0 ; & ( %%
., %( 0 % %2 % % ' , ? % 2 % ' %&
?- 2 # '' % ( ,' ', ; (
@2 112 2 , 2# %& ( % 1 ' %' % ; 2 0 1 2
, 2# '& 2 , 2# ' # ' , ; ( @2 1 2
02 0 , ) # '' %, ; ( & 12 ( %% % #?
, % # # ( ' # ( :2 % 2 &

: A

• ' ?0 1 ' ) %' %B &# ? ' ? () ?

#C? % # ; 12 % # % 2 ), , & 2
( 02 # # 1 ' # ' %&
• # 0 %% ; ' % ) - (& ( % % .# &
• Microbial Contamination # 0 , ( ' 12 ( 2% D
( 1 ?( , % %< # 2% % ) ,, % % ( 2% 1
microbial contaminated Shea butter. %( 02 12 #
microbial Contamination 2 ' # # ; % @2 A 1 &
2 ( ' ?%2#( %( 02 % #'' 1 (2' 2% &

II. PHYSICAL ANALYSIS

+( % # % % ; % .# %2 %1 ( 02 < 1 %&E (
2 %( 02 - %' 8 ) %# ) .'
- ( 02 < 1 ? ( 02 - %1 2 0 % 1 %' ( %, %
; - ( 2 2' , ) #2' , ) # 2' 0 )&

%2 #
2 % ' , %( - ' % 2 # & 4&E # '' ( ' %2
# %< , 0 - !4? ' %& %2 # 0 ; !4 , ' %
' # 0 ) - (?, ' %, . 1 ' ? 1# % ) #
0 < - # % 1 1 # %&
 3

+ 2# *
2 % ', # % -D ( % % ## , 0 # &

% 20 0 %*
( % 20 0 %- % %% ( !& 4? ( %; 2 .# &

( ' ) )
( ' ) ) 1 ( %02 %0 - 6 /6 F & ( %' ) ) %
## , 0 &

(
( 1 2 %( 02 %#( # % #& ( # % # %% #
- ( 2 ( % .# &

& >B C

( # B C# 1 2 %( 02 % & 64& ( % %
.# & 1 # 0; 4? % # ; 1 % 2#
0 < - 1 ', ) % - ( ( %( 02 ? %, #
) # %&

B C& >+

2 % ', # , 1 %- ( ## , 0 ' %&

; # 1 2 - ( ( ;) 0 % 1 &
2 ( ' ?( # # 5 # # - %- ( ' ' %& (
+ ' # # 5 # # - %- ( ' ' %& ( ?(
- % # 1 ) # , 1 D( 1 ? % # 2# &

= > >

E %1 ' # %( 02 1 2' 0 1 % %*

• # ' 1 < , ' % # ? 2# %%( 1

1&
• ; ' %%2#( % ' #2 # 0 , ( ' 12
( 2% ? ( 1 %( 02 12 # (
' #2 0 ( %( 2 ; 0 - - ( ( , % #
 4

2% & %( 02 # ) ' #2 -
2 ' # # ; ) )&

E( - % 2 %( 02 ?- 1 ? ' #2 &
- % # !& ' )59)? ( % %1 &

The water used in shea butter production is an often over looked as the villain
contributing to poor quality shea butter. The number one undesirable agent in water is
not, debris, or the various types of contamination, instead the metallic content of the
water is the primary agent in the water that contributes to poor quality shea butter
deionized water is the best water for production of high quality shea butter.
Unfortunately deionized water is not readily available in those communities where shea
butter is made. The major sources of water in the communities where shea butter is made
are river water and ground water. Obviously, in those communities, ground water is
preferred over river water. However, when using ground water, it is always wise and
highly recommended to send a sample for metallic analysis. If metallic content is too
high, it is wise to identify another source with less metal content or consider a filtration
system to reduce metal content.

Below are some of the metals found in ground water. All of them will promote and
increase peroxide formation in your shea butter

Aluminum
Calcium
Manganese
Magnesium
Iron
Lead
Copper
Zinc
Cadmium

=&+ G> =

( , . ; 2 ( 02 - %7.30meg/kg& ( %; 2 %, &
( ( )( % @2 %( 02 ? ( , . ; 2 % - %0 -
' )5<)& (2%? 2 02 # @2 1 % 1 + ' 2' ) &

( 1. # ?( , . ; % - %H # % H &
( , . ; , % 1 ' H ( 1, ,
8&6 ' )5<) - ( 1- ' (% 1 , , ' , %% ' % 2%, %
. # %%2 % ( ' & 2 , % . # ' )'
' %( 2 2 2 ? ; -? / ; 2 ( , . ; %&
 5

+ . ; % ;% % . ' ', ., %; ' % 1

, %/ . # @2 ' )' &

# '' %1 + % . # )'

!& % '/# )' %%2#( %?, % #?-

% %%% 2 ), 2# ?, #< ) )?% ) %( ,, ) 1
2 ( , 2# & @2 ,' ?2 % %?, % 0 - %' 2% 0
, % #?- % %%% D ( % 2 ## , 0 1
, 2# 1( )( @2 %( 02 &

& ; ' . %( 02 - ( - 1 %( , , %( 02 &

0 ,, - %, ( 0 &

6& ( , % . # ; ' % ' I # 02 , .

; 2 ; ' & ,, , , % . # ; '
, ' %( )( , . ; 2 %& # %( 02 . # %
# ', ?' < ; 11 < , ( 02 )( # %
<?# ? & ?' % 2 ? )( ? ? ( 12
; ' 1# % ( , ' %, . 1 ' &

& ) %( ,, ) ' , 2 %( 2 ; .# 8 &

= &

( 1 1, # % 0% # ; 2 & ( %02 ( %
# ; 2 1"&"8& ( %%# %, &

2 % : ( ; %( - ( %( 02 - ( # ; 2 )
( ! ( % %( 1 1 1 %% ( ! &E ( %( 02 - ( #
; 2 %% ( ! ( % %( 1 1 ) ( ! & %( 02
@2 1 % 1 + ' 2' A ? ( %( 1 1 ' 2% 0 ) (
? (2% ( # ; 2 ' 2% 0 %% ( B! C&
 6

= &: = A >

: # ; 2 %? 1 ' # ( %, 1 0 1 # ? (
( )1 # &
% 2 < -? ( 0 # ; ) % %( 02 . '
', 1 %( 02 2% ( , % # 2% & ( ) (
0 #; 1 # ( ' ; 2 0 ( 02 1 , % # ,2 , % %&
+ ' 2' A ? ( :2 1E % 1 # ) ?( ' % , 1
%( 02 1 , % # &E - 2 < % ( 0 #; 1 # 1
4 ( )( & E ( - H 2 02 1 %: # ; # ?-
12 - %6& "4 1 ( 02 & ( % % -&

The Size of The Bioactive Fraction For Various Oils

' 2 <
1 + ' 2' 4 /// ! 4 )( /// )(
A
1 &4 /// ! 4 - /// )(
Sekaf Ghana Ltd 6& "4
" /// 5 /// 5

E( A ' 6& 4 /// &84 ///

1 ( :2 !& 4 /// &4 = /// -

-
Avocado &4 /// &4 - /// )(
) !& 4 /// 6& 4 = ///
-
H A ' & 4 /// &"4 = ///
-
& 4 /// !& 4 = /// -
-
%' !& 4 /// !& 4 = /// -
-
; & 4 /// !& 4 = -
-
: 0 & 4 /// & 4 0% /// 0%
7

( 0 #; 1 # %%' ( %%( 02 & ( ; ?

, . ; %2)) % % . ; % % ; ' % (
0 #; 1 # ( ; 0 % ? (2%% 2 %-
, 1 ' 1 ; ' &
 7

= &

( %02 ( %' .# , ' %B+ % 1

2 # 1# 1 %%C& 1 2 ?% ; 1# %
) ; 11 # ( @2 ) 1 ( %02 & (%
%1 -%*
!& ; , . ;
& ' 0 #; 1 #

G& >

( @2 A 1 ( % ( :2 %A B:C?, '
0 # 2% 1 ( ) ; 1 # %' 0 ; &&E
# '' 2 < 1 # 2% % %, %0 1 , %
, . %' 0 #; 1 # &

E( ( %02 %# ' , 2 02 / & 6& "

%, ' % ; # % &E 2 0 1
, 12 11 # %% ; , . ( 0 #; 1 # &

Samuel Hunter, PhD, MD. 07/31/09

. Clinical Director, and Chief investigator for Laboratory Services Date