MARKING GUIDELINE

NATIONAL CERTIFICATE
APRIL EXAMINATION
INSTALLATION RULES
(First Paper)
XX APRIL 2016

This marking guideline consists of 6 pages.

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MARKING GUIDELINE

-2INSTALLATION RULES
(First Paper)

T...(E)(A)T

QUESTION 1: OCCUPATIONAL HEATH AND SAFETY ACT 1993 ACT 85 OF 1993

1.1

An arrangement of conductors for the purpose of carrying electrical

energy.

1.2

An electrical conductor arranged to be electrically connected to a source of

electrical energy.

1.3

Connected to the general mass of earth in such a manner as will ensure at

all times an immediate safe discharge of electrical energy.
(3 2)

1.4

The user or lessor of an electrical installation shall be responsible for the

safety, safe use and maintenance of the electrical installation he uses
or leases.
The user or lessor of an electrical installation shall be responsible for the
safety of the conductors connecting the electrical installation to the point of
supply in the case where the point of supply is not the point of control.
(4 1)

QUESTION 2:

2.1

2.2

2.3

(6)

(4)
[10]

SABS 10198/PART 2 OF 2004:THE SELECTION HANDLING AND

INSTALLATION OF ELECTRICAL POWER CABLES OF RATING NOT
EXCEEDING 33kV

This part of SANS 10198 covers criteria to be considered when an electric

power cable is being selected and gives a general introduction to the
methods available for the laying of the cables.
The induction effects of earth faults in power cables running parallel to
telecommunication circuits are given in ADDENDUM A.
(3 1)

(3)

Minimise the likelihood of damage and consequent failure of the

distribution system.
Ensure as far as possible the safety of personnel working in the area in
which the cables are installed.
Keep the overall cost of the installation to a minimum.

(3)

A map or plan showing all power cable routes except those within buildings
(each cable route should be numbered for reference purposes).
A full description of each cable, e.g. 6,35/11 kV three-core 95 mm2 copper
conductor, paper-insulated, screened, lead sheathed, single-wirearmoured and served.
For each cable the maximum earth fault current that could occur and the
total fault clearance time, i.e. the relay operating time plus the circuitbreaker clearance time.
For each cable the details of earthing arrangements at the supply-end and
at the load-end of the cable.

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MARKING GUIDELINE

QUESTION 3:

3.1

3.2

3.3

T...(E)(A)T

SABS 0292 OF 2001: EARTHING OF LOW-VOLTAGE (LV) DISTRIBUTION

SYSTEMS

This standard gives requirements and recommendations for the provision

of a safe electrical supply to the consumer.
This standard establishes general principles for the earthing of low-voltage
distribution systems of which the supply starts at the point of generation or
transformation and ends at the supply earth terminal of the consumer.
This standard applies to distributors that operate at a voltage (AC or DC)
that does not exceed 1 000 V.
(3 1)

(3)

To provide a return conductive path for any earth fault current and earth
leakage current.
To maintain the neutral of the LV system as close as possible to earth
potential.
To ensure that the medium-voltage protection operates in the event of a
fault between the medium-voltage and LV windings of a transformer.
To reduce the prospective touch voltage as much as is reasonably
practical.
(4 1)

(4)

TN-C-S
TN-S
TT
IT
TN-C

QUESTION 4:

4.1

-3INSTALLATION RULES
(First Paper)

(3 1)

(3)
[10]

SANS 10142 PART 1 OF 2008: POSITIONING AND ACCESSIBILITY OF

ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT

4.1.1

functioning or safety

4.1.2

installation,
replacement,
maintenance and repair

4.1.3

access

4.1.4

physically damaged

4.1.5

flashover

4.1.6

live

operation,

testing,

inspection,

(6 1)
4.2

1% of the thermal current rating for every 500 m or part thereof exceeds
an altitude of 2 000 m
1% of the maximum voltage rating for every 100 m or part thereof
exceeds an altitude of 2 000 m
(4 1)

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(6)

(4)
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MARKING GUIDELINE

QUESTION 5:

5.1

5.2

-4INSTALLATION RULES
(First Paper)

T...(E)(A)T

SANS 10142: PART 1 OF 2008: SPECIAL INSTALLATIONS OR LOCATIONS,

CONSTRUCTIONS AND DEMOLITION INSTALLATIONS

size
power

(2)

corrosion
expected site

(2)

5.3

orange.

5.4

5.4.1

live

5.4.2

63
30

32
30

5.4.3

(1)
(1)

(2)

(2)
[10]

QUESTION 6: SANS 10142 PART 1 OF 2008: EXTRA LOW VOLTAGE SYSTEMS

6.1

6.2

6.3

6.4

SELV and PELV circuit conductors shall be enclosed in a non-metallic

sheath or non-metallic enclosure in addition to basic insulation
OR
SELV and PELV circuit conductors shall be separated from conductors of
circuits at different voltages by an earthed metallic sheath or earthed
metallic screen
OR
Circuits at different voltages can be contained in a multi-conductor cable or
other grouping of conductors if the SELV and PELV conductors are
insulated for the highest voltage present.

(3)

Protection by extra low voltage is a protective measure that consists of the

following two different extra low voltage systems:
SELV (safety extra low voltage) an unearthed system and
PELV (protected extra low voltage) an earthed system
(2 )

(1)

Plugs shall not be able to enter socket-outlets of other voltage systems

Socket-outlets shall not admit plugs of other voltage systems
Socket-outlets in SELV systems shall not have a protective conductor

(3)

Plugs shall not be able to enter socket-outlets of other voltage systems

Socket-outlets shall not admit plugs of other voltage systems
Socket-outlets in SELV systems shall not have a protective conductor

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MARKING GUIDELINE

-5INSTALLATION RULES
(First Paper)

T...(E)(A)T

QUESTION 7: SANS 10142 PART 1 OF 2008: MEDICAL LOCATIONS

7.1

7.2

An internal impedance of at least 100 k

A test voltage not exceeding 25 V DC
It is of a current even under fault conditions not exceeding 1 mA DC
Shall at the latest indicate when the insulation resistance has decreased to
5 k
A test device shall be provided to test this facility to ensure that the alarm
(audible and visual) (see 7.7.4.5.4) operates when the insulation
resistance reaches 5 k

(5)

Either a minimum of two separate circuits that feed socket-outlets shall be

installed, or
Each socket-outlet shall be individually protected against overcurrent
(2)

7.3

7.3.1

7.3.2

7.3.3

False
(3 1)

(3)
[10]

(6 )

(3)

The IP ratings consist of the letters I & P followed by two characteristic

numerals.
The first characteristic numeral relates to protection against the penetration of
solid objects the second numeral relates to protection against penetration of
liquids. The use of X as a first or second characteristic numeral in the text of
this part of SABS 10142 (SASS 0142) indicates that there is no requirement
for that characteristic numeral.
Example: IP 23 where 2 is full penetration of 12,5 mm or finger and
3 limited spraying.

(5)

QUESTION 8: SANS 10142 PART 1 OF 2008: ADDENDA

8.1

8.2

8.3

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

4d
6d
8d
8d
10d
15d

The first letter of the identification code denotes the relationship of the
source of energy to the earth.
The second letter of the identification code denotes the relationship of the
exposed conductive parts of the consumer's installation to the earth.

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MARKING GUIDELINE

QUESTION 9:

9.1

9.2

9.3

9.4

9.5

9.6

-6INSTALLATION RULES
(First Paper)

T...(E)(A)T

SANS 10142 PART 1 OF 2008: AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL

LOCATIONS GENERAL

In agricultural and horticultural locations socket-outlets shall be mounted at

least 1 m above floor level.

(1)

Except for wire-ways all electrical equipment shall be inaccessible to, or

protected from, livestock. Cables shall be mechanically protected (kick pipes)
for at least 1,5 m above floor level.

(1)

Where animals are fed and vermin are likely to be, wire-ways shall be verminproof and barriers shall be installed to prevent vermin passage should they
enter the wire-way. PVC wire-ways and PVC insulated conductors shall not
be accessible.

(1)

Suspended electrical equipment (luminaires, heaters, etc.) and the cables

themselves shall be so supported that conductors or cables are not
strained. In the case where such suspended equipment is less than 1.5 m
above the floor it shall have a rating of IP 35.
(3 1)

(3)

In locations used for animals, supplementary equipotential bonding shall

connect all exposed conductive parts and extraneous conductive parts
which can be touched simultaneously to the protective conductor of the
installation. If a metallic grid is laid on the floor it shall be connected to the
local supplementary bonding.
(3 1)

(3)

It shall be supplied by a safety supply or have earth leakage protection.

(1)
[10]

QUESTION 10: SANS 10142 PART 1 OF 2008: DEFINITIONS

10.1
10.2
103
10.4
10.5
10.6
10.7
10.8
10.9
10.10

False
True
True
False
False
False
False
True
False
False

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(10 1)

[10]

TOTAL:

100