PROGRAM PECUTAN AMALI SPM 2016

1 EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON THE ACTIVITY OF ENZYME AMYLASE ON

STARCH/KESAN ________KE ATAS AKTIVITI ENZIM ________TERHADAP KANJI.
1

PROBLEM STATEMENT:
What is the effect of temperature on the activity of enzyme amylase on starch
Apakah kesan suhu ke atas aktiviti enzim amilase ke atas ________

HYPOTHESIS:
The enzymatic reaction increases with the temperature until reaches the optimum
temperature.
Tindakbalas enzim ________ dengan suhu sehingga mencapai suhu optimum

VARIABLES:
Manipulated variable : Temperature
Suhu
Responding Variable: the time taken for the hydrolyse the starch
Masa yang diambil untuk menghidrolisiskan ________

Constant Variable: ________kanji// ________amilase// ________amylase/

enzim // ________ kanji
APPARATUS & MATERIALS:
Apparatus:

Materials:
PROCEDURE:
KI-Preparation of materials & Apparatus
K2-Operating the CV
K3-Operating the RV
K4- Operating the MV
K5-Step to increase reliability of result accurately / precaution

5correct -3m
4-5correct 2m
1-2correct 1m

K2, K1
1. 5.0 ml of starch suspension is poured into 5 different test tube, labelled
A,B,C,D and E
5.0 ml kanji dituangkan ke dalam 5 tabung uji yang berbeza yang berlabel
A,B,C, D dan E
K2,K1
2. 2.0 ml of 5% of amylase suspension is poured into 5 different test tube
which labelled A1,B1,C1,D1 and E1
2.0 ml larutan amilase 5 % dituangkan ke dalam 5 tabung uji yang berbeza
yang dilablekan A1,B1, C1, D1 dan E1

K3,K1
3. Test tube A and A1 , B and B1, C and C1, Dand D1 , E and E1 are immersed
respectively in 5 different water baths which are kept on temperature 00C,
250C, 370C, 450C and 550C
Tabung uji A dan A1 , B dan B1, C dan C1, D dan D1 , E dan E1 direndamkan
ke dalam 5 pengukus air pada suhu 00C, 250C, 370C, 450C and 550C.
K1
4.The test tube are left for 10 minutes
Tabung uji direndamkan selama 10 minit
K1
5.A drop of iodine is poured into each groove of the white tile.
Setitis iodin dituangkan ke setiap lubang yang ada pada jubin putih.
K1,K5
6.The starch suspension in test tube A is poured into test tube A1, B to B1, C to
C1, D to D1and E to E1. A stop watch is activated
Each mixture is stir with different glass rod.
Larutan kanji di dalam abung uji A dituangkan ke dalam A1, B ke B1, C ke C1 ,
D ke D1 dan E ke E1.Jam randik diaktifkan.
Setiap campuran dikacau dengan rod kaca yang berbeza
K1
7.A drop of mixture from A1,B1,C1,D1 and E1 is dropped into the first
groove tile containing the iodine solution.
Satu titis campuran dari A1,B1,C1,D1 dan E1 dititiskn ke lubang jubin yang
pertama yang mengandungi larutan iodin
8.The iodine test is repeated every minute for ten minutes. The time taken for K4
the hydrolisis of starch to be completed is recorded
until the mixture is no longer turns blue black/ remain yellow
Ujian iodine diulang setiap satu minit untuk 10 minit. Masa untuk kanji
dihidrolisiskan dengan sempurna direkodkan apabila
Campuran itu tidak bertukar ke warna biru/ tetap berwarna kuning keperangan
K5. K1
9.The result are recorded in the table and a graph showing the rate of
enzymatic reaction,1/t against temperature is plotted.
Keputusan dicatatkan di dalam jadual dan graf yang menunjukkan kadar
tindakbalas enzim, 1/t melawan suhu diplotkan.

PRESENTATION OF DATA:
2m
Test tube
Tabung
uji

Temperatue /0C
Suhu / 0C

Time taken for

hydrolysis of starch to
be completed (s)

Rate of enzyme
reaction /1/t (s-1 )
Kadar tindakbalas

Masa yang diambil

untuk menghidrolisis
kanji lengkap / (s)

enzim/ 1/t (s-1)

A1
0
B1
25
C1
37
D1
45
E1
55
* Temperature: at least 3
* Suhu: minima 3

2 THE EFFECT OF pH ON ENZYME ACTIVITY/KESAN pH KE ATAS ENZIM

1.

PROBLEM STATEMENT:
What is the effect of pH on enzyme activity?
Apakah kesan ________terhadap aktiviti enzim?

2.

HYPOTHESIS:
Pepsin works best in an acidic medium.
________ bertindak paling baik dalam medium berasid.

3.

VARIABLES:
Manipulated variable:
Responding variable:

4.

Constant variable :
APPARATUS AND MATERIALS:

5.

PROCEDURE:
1. Pour 5 ml albumen suspension into each three test tubes labeled P, Q and R.
Masukkan 5 ml ampaian albumen ke dalam tiga tabung uji berlabel P, Q
dan R masing- masing.

K1,
K2

2. Add the following solutions into each test tube according to the table below.
Masukkan larutan ke dalam setiap tabung uji mengikut jadual di bawah.

K1,

Test tube /
Tabung uji
P
Q
R

Larutan / Solution
1 ml 0.1M hydrochloric acid + 1 ml pepsin solution K4
1 ml 0.1M sodium hydroxide solution + 1 ml pepsin solution
1 ml distilled water + 1 ml pepsin solution

3. Dip a piece of pH paper into each test tube. Record the pH value.
Celupkan sehelai kertas pH ke dalam setiap tabung uji. Rekodkan nilai pH.

K1

4. Place all test tubes into a water bath at 37O C.

Masukkan semua tabung uji ke dalam kukus air bersuhu 37O C.

K1,
K2

5. Observe the colour/condition of the solution in each test tube after 30

minutes.
Perhatikan warna / keadaan larutan di dalam setiap tabung uji selepas 30
minit.
6. Record the observations into a table.
Rekodkan pemerhatian ke dalam jadual.
6.

K3,
K2

K1

PRESENTATION OF DATA:
Test tube
Tabung uji

pH

3
(acidic/berasid)
9
(alkaline/ beralkali)
7
(neutral)

Q
R

Colour/ condition of solution after 30

minutes immersion
Warna/ keadaan larutan selepas 30 minit
rendaman

3. VITAMIN C CONTENT IN FRUITS JUICES/KANDUNGAN VITAMIN C DALAM JUS

BUAH-BUAHAN
1.

PROBLEM STATEMENT :
Do different types of fruits juices contain similar amounts of vitamin C?
Adakah jus-jus buah yang berlainan jenis mengandungi kuantiti vitamin C yang sama
banyak?

2.

HYPOTHESIS :
Lime juice contains a higher concentration of vitamin C compared to pineapple juice
and orange juice.
Jus limau mengandungi kepekatan vitamin C yang lebih tinggi berbanding dengan jus
nanas dan jus oren.

3.

VARIABLES :
Manipulated variables :
Responding variables:

4.

Constant variable :
APPARATUS & MATERIALS:
Apparatus :

5.

Materials :
PROCEDURE:

K1: Preparation of Materials and Apparatus

K2: Operating the CV
K3: Operating the RV
K4: Operating the MV
K5: Steps to increase reliability of result Accurately / Precaution
1. Fill a specimen tube with 1ml of DCPIP solution using a 1ml syringe.
Isikan 1 ml larutan DCPIP 0.1 % ke dalam tiub spesimen dengan menggunakan
picagari 1 ml.

K1
K2

2. Fill a 5 ml syringe with 0.1 % ascorbic acid solution

Penuhkan picagari 5 ml dengan asid askorbik tulen 0.1%.

K1
K2

3. Place the needle of the syringe into the DCPIP solution

K1

Masukkan picagari berisi larutan berisi asid askorbik ke dalam tiub spesimen
berisi DCPIP.
4. Add the ascorbic acid solution to the DCPIP drop by drop, stirring gently with the
syringe needle. Continue adding the ascorbic acid solution until the DCPIP
solution become colourless. Record the volume of ascorbic acid solution used.
Campurkan asid askorbik setitis demi setitis sambil mengacau larutan tersebut
dengan jarum picagari. Terus campurkan asid askorbik sehingga larutan DCPIP
menjadi tidak berwarna. Catatkan isipadu asid askorbik yang telah digunakan .

K1
K5
K4

5. Repeat steps 1 to 4 using freshly squeezed lime juice, pineapple juice and orange
juice. Each time record the volume of fruit juice required to decolourise DCPIP
solution
Ulang langkah-langkah 1 hingga 4 dengan menggunakan jus limau, nanas dan
oren segar. Catatkan isi padu jus buah yang diperlukan untuk melunturkan warna
larutan DCPIP.

K1
K3
K4

6. Tabulate the results. Calculate the percentage and then the concentration of
vitamin C in each of the fruits juices using the formulae below:
Catatkan keputusan dalam jadual. Kirakan peratus dan kepekatan vitamin C
dalam setiap jenis jus buah dengan menggunakan formula berikut:

K1,K3

Percentage of vitamin C = volume of 0.1 % ascorbic acid solution

in fruit juice
volume of fruit juice
Peratus kandungan vitamin C =
dalam jus buah

isipadu larutan asid askorbik 0.1%

isipadu jus buah

X 0.1
X 0.1

Concentration of vitamin C = volume of 0.1% ascorbic acid solution X 1.0 mg cm- 3

in fruit juice
volume of fruit juice
Kepekatan vitamin C =

isipadu larutan asid askorbik 0.1%

dalam jus buah

6.

PRESENTATION OF DATA:
Solution / fruit juice
Larutan /jus buah
Ascorbic acid
solution
Lime juice
Pineapple juice
Orange juice

isipadu jus buah

X 1.0 mg cm

4 EFFECTS OF MACRONUTRIENT DEFICIENCY IN PLANT/KESAN ________

MAKRONUTRIEN DALAM TUMBUHAN
1.

PROBLEM STATEMENT:
What is the effect of nitrogen deficiency in culture solution on the height/
growth rate of seedling?
Apakah kesan kekurangan ________mempengaruhi kadar ketinggian biji
benih?

2.

HYPOTHESIS:
In complete Knops solution, the height of seedling / the growth rate is higher
Dalam larutan Knops yang ________, ketinggian biji benih/kadar
pertumbuhan adalah lebih ________

3.

VARIABLES:
Manipulated variable : .
Responding variable :

4.

Constant variable :
APPARATUS AND MATERIAL:
Apparatus :
Materials :

5.

PROCEDURE :
K1 : Preparation Of Materials & Apparatus
K2 : Operating The CV
K3 : Operating The RV
K4 : Operating The MV
K5 : Steps To Increase Reliability Of Result Accurately/Precaution
1. Three glass jar are labelled A, B and C are prepared.
Tiga balang kaca dilabel sebagai A, B dan C disediakan.
2. In glass jar A, distilled water is fulfilled which serves as a control

K1
K1,K

experiment
Dalam balang kaca A, air suling dipenuhkan sebagai eksperimen kawalan.

3. In glass jar B, a complete culture solution is prepared using the composition

of the Knops solution as a guide
Dalam balang Kaca B, Larutan kultur lengkap disediakan dengan
menggunakan kandungan Larutan Kultur Knop sebagai panduan.

K1,K
2

4. In glass jar C, a culture solution deficient in nitrogen is prepared by

replacing calcium nitrate with calcium chloride and potassium nitrate is
replaced by potassium chloride
Dalam balang kaca C, larutan kultur mengandungi kesan kekurangan
nitrogen disediakan sebagai ganti kalsium nitrat dengan kalsium klorida
dan kalium nitrat sebagai ganti kalium klorida.

K1

5. Each jar is wrapped with black paper to prevent light from penetrating into
the culture solution which will cause the growth of green algae
Setiap balang kaca di bungkus dengan kertas hitam untuk mengelakkan
daripada terkena sinaran cahaya matahari yang mengganggu larutan
kultur dan boleh menyebabkan pertumbuhan alga hijau.

K1

6. Three maize seedling of the same height are chosen and put into each jars.
Tiga biji benih yang sama ketinggian dipilih dan dimasukkan ke dalam
setiap jar.

K1,K
5

7. Keep of the roots seedlings are fully immersed in each solutions. The
culture solution is aerated using an air pump to ensure the root of the
seedling obtain enough oxygen for respiration.
Pastikan akar biji benih direndam sepenuhnya dalam setiap larutan. Udara
akan dipam keluar dengan menggunakan pam udara untuk memastikan
akar menerima cukup oksigen untuk respirasi.
8. All set of apparatus are exposed to light so the seedlind are able to carry out
photosynthesis
Semua radas akan di dedahkan di bawah cahaya, maka biji benih dapat
menjalankan fotosintesis.

K1,
K5

9. The culture solution in each jar is replaced every week to ensure that the
nutrients which are supposed to be available are not depleted.
Larutan kultur pada setiap balang, akan digantikan setiap minggu untuk
memastikan kandungan nutrient mencukupi.

K5

10. After one month, seedling jar A is taken out and the final height of seedling K1
is measured by using a ruler. The growth rate of seedling is calculated and
then is recorded in a table.
Setelah sebulan, biji benih balang A, akan diambil keluar untuk merekod

dan mengukur panjang akhir pertumbuhan biji benih dengan

menggunakan pembaris. Pertumbuhan anak benih akan dikira dan direkod
kan dalam jadual.

6.

11. The experiment are repeated with seedling in glass jar B and glass jar C
are observed.
Eksperimen diulangi dengan menggunakan biji benih balang C dan
balang C dan perhatikan.

K1

12. Record the result in a table and a plot a bar chart showing the rate of
seedlings against the types of solution.
Rekord keputusan di dalam jadual dan plot graf bar untuk menunjukkan
kadar ketinggian pertumbuhan bergantung jenis larutan yang digunakan.

K1

PRESENTATION OF DATA :
Glass Jar
Types of solution
Jenis larutan
A
B
C

Distilled water
Air suling
Complete Knops solution
Larutan kultur knop langkap
Nitrogen deficient in culture
solution
Kesan kekurangan nitrogen
larutan kultur

The height of seedling / cm

Ketinggian anak benih
Initial height
Panjang awal

5. SOLID POLLUTANTS IN THE AIR OF DIFFERENT ENVIRONMENT / BAHAN

PENCEMAR PEPEJAL DI UDARA DALAM PERSEKITARAN YANG BERBEZA
1.

PROBLEM STATEMENT:
What is the effect between the number of solid pollutants in the air from different location?

2.

Apakah kesan bilangan bahan pencemar pepejal dalam udara dari lokasi yang
berbeza?
HYPOTHESIS:
The number of solid pollutants in the air at location P is higher than location Q,
R and S.
Lokasi P mempunyai bilangan bahan pencemar pepejal dalam udara yang tinggi berbanding lokasi Q, R dan S.

3.

VARIABLE:
Manipulated variable :

Responding variable :

Constant variable

APPARATUS & MATERIALS:

Glass slide, cellophane tape, microscope, petri dish, ruler, knife, marker pen

PROCEDURE:

Diagram 1//Rajah 1

1.

1. Four glass slides are cleaned and dried are label with P, Q R and S.
Empat sisip kaca dibersih dan dikeringkan di label dengan P, Q, R dan S menggunakan pen penanda.

2.
3.

2. A strip of cellophane tape with surface area of the sticky surface 3cm x 2cm facing upwards is placed on e
glass slide as shown in Diagram 1
Pita pelekat yang mempunyai luas permukaan 3cmx2cm diletakkan pada setiap sisip kaca dengan permukaan
yang melekat di sebelah atas seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam

Rajah 1.

3 Make sure your hands are clean and do not touch the sticky surface of the tape.
Tangan dipastikan dalam keadaan bersih dan tidak bersentuhan dengan permukaan pita pelekat yang melekit.

4. 4. The glass slides are placed in different location which is refer the table below:
Sisip kaca diletakkan di lokasi yang berbeza dengan merujuk jadual dibawah:

Glass slides

Location

Sisip kaca

Lokasi

Bus Station/ Stesen Bus

Railway Station/ Stesen Keretapi

Market /Pasar

Recreation Park/ Taman Rekreasi

5. 5. After one week, the glass slides are collected and examined under the microscope using a low power
lens.
Selepas satu minggu, sisip kaca dikumpulkan dan diperiksa satu demi satu di bawah mikroskop cahaya dengan
kanta kuasa rendah.

6. 6. Count the number of solid pollutant on glass slide P, Q, R and S and record in the table result.
7.
Kira dan rekod bilangan bahan pencemar pepejal di atas sisip kaca P, Q, R dan S dan rekod di dalam
jadual
8.
keputusan.
6. 7. Repeat the experiment to get average data and record all the data in the table result
7.
Ulang eksperimen untuk mendapat data purata dan rekod semua data di dalam jadual keputusan.
PRESENTATION OF DATA:

Glass slides

Location

Sisip kaca

Lokasi

P
Q
R
S

Number of solid pollutants

in air
Bilangan bahan pencemar
pepejal dalam udara

6 LEVEL OF WATER POLLUTION IN DIFFERENT SOURCES OF WATER/TAHAP

PENCEMARAN AIR DALAM SUMBER AIR YANG BERBEZA
1.

PROBLEM STATEMENT:
What is the level of water pollution in different sources of water?
Apakah tahap pencemaran air daripada pelbagai sumber air?

2.

HYPOTHESIS:
The more polluted the water sample which is drain water, the faster the time
taken for the methylene blue solution to decolourise.
Air yang semakin tercemar terutamanya air longkang mengambil masa yang
paling ________ untuk melunturkan warna larutan metilena biru.

3.

VARIABLES:
Manipulated variable:
Responding variable:
Constant variable :
APPARATUS & MATERIALS:
Apparatus:
Materials:
PROCEDURE:

4.

5.

1. Collect four samples of water from four different sources.

Kumpul empat sampel air dari empat sumber yang berlainan.
2. Label five reagent bottles as P, Q, R, S and T.
Label lima botol reagen sebagai P, Q, R, S and T.
3. Fill each reagent bottle with 200ml of the collected water samples
respectively.
Isi setiap botol reagen dengan 200ml sampel air yang dikumpulkan
masing-masing.

P:

Drain water
Air longkang
Q: River water

Air sungai
R: Lake water
Air tasik
S: Pipe water
Air pili
T: Distilled water
Air suling
4. Using a syringe, slowly add 1ml of 0.1% methylene blue solution to the
water sample.
Dengan menggunakan picagari, tambahkan 1ml larutan metilena biru
0.1% ke dalam sampel air dengan perlahan-lahan.
5. Close the reagent bottle immediately.
Tutup botol dengan segera.
Do not shake the bottle.
Jangan goncang botol reagen.
6. Place all the bottles in a dark area.
Letakkan semua botol dalam kawasan gelap.
7. Every one hour, check for the change in the colour for every bottle.
Periksa perubahan warna untuk setiap botol pada selang masa 1 jam
.
8. Record the time taken for the methylene blue solution to turn colourless.
Rekod masa yang dimbil untuk warna larutan metilena biru menjadi
luntur.

6.

RESULTS:
Reagent
bottle
P
Q
R
S
T

Water sample

Time taken for methylene blue solution

to turn colourless (hours)

Drain water
River water
Lake water
Pipe water
Distilled water

T5

7 THE EFFECT OF AIR MOVEMENT ON THE RATE OF TRANSPIRATION.

KESAN PERGERAKAN UDARA TERHADAP KADAR TRANSPIRASI
1.
2.

PROBLEM STATEMENT :
What is the effect of air movement on the rate of transpiration?
Apakah kesan pergerakan ________ terhadap kadar transpirasi?
HYPOTHESIS :

3.

The faster the movement of air, the greater the rate of transpiration.
Semakin ________ pergerakan udara, semakin ________kadar transpirasi.
VARIABLES :
Manipulated variable :
Pergerakan udara
Responding Variable:
Constant Variable:

4.

APPARATUS AND MATERIAL:

.

5.

PROCEDURE:
K1 : Preparation Of Materials & Apparatus
K2 : Operating the CV
K3 : Operating the RV
K4 : Operating the MV
K5 : Steps to increase reliability of result accurately / precaution
1. Choose a leafy shoot from a plant. Cut off the shoot with secateurs
and immediately immerse the cut end into a basin of water.
Pilih satu pucuk berdaun daripada sebatang pokok. Potong pucuk
dengan memotong ranting dan rendamkan segera hujung yang
dipotong ke dalam besen.
2.

From the cut end of the shoot, cut about 1 cm of the stem obliquely
under the water.
Daripada hujung pokok yang dipotong, potong 1 cm batang di
dalam air.

3.

Immerse the potometer in the water and move it around to remove

all the air bubbles. The tap of the reservoir must be open to fill the
graduated capillary tube with water. ( You may use dilute eosin
water so that the movement of air bubbles can be seen easily)
Rendamkan potometer dalam air dan gerakkan untuk membuang
gelembung udara. Klip air dibuka untuk mengisi tiub kapilari
dengan air. (Gunakan larutan eosin untuk melihat pergerakan
gelembung udara dengan lebih jelas)

4. Carefully insert the cut end of the stem into the hole in the cork of the
potometer under water. Make sure the leaves are kept out of the
water as much as possible.
Dengan berhati-hati, masukkan hujung batang ke dalam
penyumbat gabus potometer di dalam air. Pastikan daun dijauhkan
daripada air.
5.

Close the reservoir tap before you remove the apparatus from the
water so that graduated capillary tube is full.
Tutup klip air sebelum mengalirkan radas daripada air supaya tiub
kapilari dipenuhi air.

6.

Remove the apparatus from the water and set it up. The end of the
capillary tube is immersed in a beaker of water.
Alihkan radas daripada air. Hujung kapilari direndam ke dalam
bikar yang mengandungi air.

7. Wipe the leaves and the apparatus dry by using dry cloth.
Lapkan daun dan radas dengan kain kering.

PRESENTATION OF DATA:
Condition
Keadaan

Distance travelled by the air bubble in 5 minutes

(cm)
Jarak yang dilalui gelembung udara dalam 5 minit
(cm)
1st reading
Bacaan
pertama

Non windy
Udara
tenang
Windy
Udara
bergerak

2nd reading
Bacaan
kedua

3rd reading
Bacaan
ketiga

Average
Purata

Rate of
transpiration
(cm/minute)
Kadar
transpirasi
(cm/minit)

1.

THE EFFECT OF LIGHT INTENSITY ON THE RATE OF

TRANSPIRATION /KESAN KEAMATAN CAHAYA KE ATAS KADAR
TRANSPIRASI
PROBLEM STATEMENT:
What is the effect of light intensity on the rate of transpiration?
Apakah kesan ________ke atas kadar transpirasi?

2.

HYPOTHESIS:
The higher the light intensity, the higher the rate of transpiration of Hibiscus sp.
Semakin ________ keamatan cahaya, semakin tinggi kadar
________Hibiscus sp.

3.

VARIABLES:
Manipulated variable:
Responding variable:
Constant variable :

4.

APPARATUS & MATERIALS:

Apparatus:
Potometer// Beaker+capillary tube+retort stand+rubber tubing, ruler, stopwatch,
marker//thread, knife
Potometer// Bikar+tiub kapilari+kaki retot+salur getah, pembaris, jam randik,
pen penanda/benang,pisau
Materials:
Leafy/ Hibiscus sp.shoot, water, Vaseline/grease
Pucuk berdaun/ Hibiscus sp. ,air,vaselin/gris

5.

PROCEDURE:
K1: Preparation Of Materials & Apparatus
K2: Operating The CV
K3: Operating The RV
K4: Operating The MV
K5: Steps To Increase Reliability Of Result Accurately/Precaution
1. Cut a leafy shoot under water in a basin.

K1,

Potong pucuk berdaun di bawah air dalam basin

2. Used a potometer
Gunakan photometer

K5
K1
K1

3. Fill the potometer with water

Isikan potometer dengan air
4. Attached a leafy shoot to the photometer
Sambungkan pucuk berdaun ke photometer

K1

5. Wipe leaves dry using a cloth/tissue

Lap kering daun menggunakan kain/tisu

K5

6. Make all the connection parts of joint air-tight using Vaseline.

Jadikan semua bahagian yang bersambung kalis udara menggunakan
Vaseline

K5

7. Mark 2 points A and B ,5cm on the capillary tube.

Tandakan 2 titk A dan B , 5cm di atas tiub kapilari

K1

8. An air bubble is introduced into potometer.

Satu gelembung udara dimasukkan dalam potometer.

K1

9. Place the potometer under the shade.

Letakkan potometer tersebut di tempat yang teduh

K1

10. Using stopwatch, record the time taken for the air bubble to move from
point A to point B.
Dengan menggunakan jam randik, rekodkanmasa yang diambil untuk
gelembung udara bergerak daripada titik A ke titik B.

K3

11. Repeat step 3 to 10 by placing the potometer under strong light intensity.
Ulangi langkah 3 ke 10 dengan meletakkan potometer tersebut di bawah
keamatan cahaya yang tinggi

K4

12. The experiment is carried out in the same plant/temperature/relative

humidity.
Ulang eksperimen ini dengan tumbuhan /suhu/kelembapan relative yang
sama.

K2

13. Record all data in a table.

Rekodkan semua data di dalam jadual.

K1

14. Calculate the rate of transpiration using the following formula:

Distance
Time

K3

Hitungkan kadar transpirasi menggunakan formula berikut:

Jarak
Masa

6.

15. Repeat experiment to get average reading.

Ulang eksperimen untuk mendapatkan bacaan purata
PRESENTATION OF DATA:
Light intensity
Keamatan cahaya

Shady (lower light

intensity)
Teduh (keamatan
cahaya rendah)
Strong light (higher
light intensity)
Cahaya
terang(keamatan
cahaya tinggi)

Time taken for air bubble

to move from point A to
point B(min)
Masa yang diambil untuk
gelembung udara
bergerak dari titik A ke
titik B(min)

Rate of transpiration(cm
min-1 )
Kadar transpirasi(cm
min-1)

K5