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Command
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Transaction
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Scheduler

Buffer
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Recovery
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(Concurrency
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File
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Number of transactions

'5

1200000
1100000
1000000
900000
800000
700000
600000
500000
400000
300000
200000
100000
0

InnoDB
BerkeleyDB
CDB

6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Response time (ms)

l @" ?wAEHKt5 ^' ;!UKE_KPQ_q<?>AQHK DH@NrsK,J@NQ6DFE_@  wADH@N<?> t <?E!DHUK , KMDY6Bw  QHxPE_@  KPE hp,G:DFG DHEFGI>AQFGIx DF@N<I>
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1000

1000

800

800

MQTh (tps)

1200

MQTh (tps)

1200

600
400
200

600
400
200

InnoDB

BerkeleyDB

0
10

30

50
70
90
Elapsed time (min.)

110

130

10

30

50
70
90
Elapsed time (min.)

110

130

1200

MQTh (tps)

1000
800
600
400
200
Commercial DB
0
10

30

50
70
90
Elapsed time (min.)

110

130

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1200

1200

1000

1000

800

800

MQTh (tps)

MQTh (tps)

600
400
200

600
400
200

InnoDB

BerkeleyDB

0
10

30

50
70
90
Elapsed time (min.)

110

130

10

30

50
70
90
Elapsed time (min.)

110

130

1200

MQTh (tps)

1000
800
600
400
200
Commercial DB
0
10

30

50
70
90
Elapsed time (min.)

110

130

l @" ?wAEHK 5dVEN;!U.IKPEHQ_wQ)KML GIqAQHKPJ-DF@Rr K


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1200
1100
1000
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0

MQTh (tps)

MQTh (tps)

&

InnoDB
30

50 70 90 110 130 150


Elapsed time (min.)

MQTh (tps)

10

1200
1100
1000
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0

1200
1100
1000
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0

BerkeleyDB
10

30

50 70 90 110 130 150


Elapsed time (min.)

Commercial DB
10

30

50 70 90 110 130 150


Elapsed time (min.)

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%:

1200

MQTh (tps)

1000
800
600
400
InnoDB
BerkeleyDB
CDB

200
0
100k

200k
Number of subsribers

500k

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500000
450000
400000
350000
300000
250000
200000
150000
100000
50000
0

InnoDB
BerkeleyDB
CDB

500000
450000
400000
350000
300000
250000
200000
150000
100000
50000
0

6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Response time (ms)

Number of transactions

Number of transactions

Number of transactions

500000
450000
400000
350000
300000
250000
200000
150000
100000
50000
0

InnoDB
BerkeleyDB
CDB

6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Response time (ms)

InnoDB
BerkeleyDB
CDB

6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Response time (ms)

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