Half yearly

Why Do We Need A Parliament

Q1. Define the following:
Ans.
(i)
UAF:- Universal Adult Franchise. In this principle, all adult citizens of the country
have the right to vote.
(ii)
Coalition Government:- It refers to the alliance formed by political parties after
elections when no party has been able to get adequate seats to form a clear majority.
(iii) Executive:- It is a smaller group of people who are responsible for implementing
laws and running the govt . They include CM, PM, Council of Minister.
(iv)
Constituency:- A state is divided into several parts. From each area a MD is elected
to control that area.
(v)
Opposition:- The party which loses the election is called the opposition.
Q2. What role does the parliament play in the functioning of the government?
The Parliament which is made up of all representatives controls and guides the
government.
The question hour is an important mechanism through which MPS can elicit information
absent the working of the govt.
The Parliament also have a significant role in law making.
The Rajya Sabha functions primarily as the representative if the states of India in the
Parliament.
The Rajya Sabha can also initiate legislation and a bill is required to pass through the
Rajya Sabha in order to become a law. It, therefore, has an important role of reviewing
and altering the laws initiated by the Lok Sabha.
Q3. How are the members of the Rajya Sabha elected?
Ans. The members of the Rajya Sabha are elected by the elected members of the Legislative
assemblies of various states, There are 233 elected members plus 12 members nominated by the
President.
Q4. Why do you think reservation of Dalits and woman is important ion India?
It has been observed that representative democracy cannot produce a perfect reflection
of society.
There is a realization that when interests and experiences separate, then it is important to
ensure that communities that have been historically marginalized are given adequate
representation.
Similarly, it has more recently been suggested that there should be reservation of seats
for woman.
With this in mind, some seats are reserved in the Parliament for SCs and STs. This has been
done so that the MPs elected from these constituencies will be familiar with and can represent
Dalit and Adivasi interests in Parliament.
Q5. What role does the opposition party play in the healthy functioning of a democracy?

The Opposition party asks questions absent the working and managing the country in the
Parliament by asking questions the government is alerted to its shortcomings, and also
comes to know the opinion of the people through their representatives in the Parliament.

They highlight drawbacks in various policies and programmes of the government and
mobilize popular support for their own policies. Thus, the opposition parties play a
critical role in the healthy functioning of a democracy.

Q6. Give at least 2 arguments against representative democracy.

Representative Democracy does not produce a perfect reflection of society as the interest
and experiences separate the communities who have been given adequate representation.
Representative democracy does not allow reservation in Parliament as after elapse of
sixty yrs of independence one third reservation of women is still pending and only nine
percent are members if Parliament even if half of the population is women.

Q7. Explain the basic idea behind the representative democracy?

Ans. The basic idea in the kind of the democracy is that the individual or the citizen is the most
important person and the government as well as other public institutions need have to trust these
citizens.
Q8. Differentiate between Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha.
Lok Sabha
Number of 545 members
Members
* Lok Sabha can be easily
dissolved.
How
are By general elections held
the
in every 5 yrs.
members
The members are elected
elected
from each constituency.
Functions
It selected the executive
who could work with the
PM to implement decisions
Importance The laws and policies are
made by Lok Sabha.

Rajya Sabha
233 are elected + 12 nominated by the President.
Rajya Sabha is a permanent house.
The members are elected by the elected members of
the Legislative Assemblies of various states.
* Elections are held after every 6 yrs.
Functions as the representation of states of India in
Parliament. It also initiates legislation and a bill is
required to pass through it in order to become a law.
It reviews and alerts the laws initiated by lok Sabha.

Q9. Who do you think the nationalist movement supported the idea that all the adults have
a right to vote?

Before freedom, under British rule, all adults were not allowed to vote and nor could
people participate in decision making.
The nationalists struggled and laid down the principle of Universal Adult Franchise.
In this way the individual or the citizen is the most important person. It is the decision of
the people that creates a democratic govt. and decides about its functioning.

Q10. Who is a Prime Minister and what role does he play in the functioning of the
country?
The Prime Minister is the leader of the ruling party in Lok Sabha
From the MPs who belong to her party, the Prime Minister selects ministers to work with
her to implement decision.
These ministers then take charge of different areas of govt. functioning like health,
education etc.
Q11. How can you say that composition of Indian parliament has changed recently?
The Parliament now has more and more people from different backgrounds. For e.g.:
There are more rural members as also members from any regional parties.

Groups and peoples that were till now unrepresented are beginning to get elected to
parliament.
There has also been an increase in the political participation from the Dalit and the
backward eastes and the minorities.
Similarly, it has more recently been suggested that there should be reserved seats for
women.
This issue is still being debated. 60 yrs ago only 4% of MPs were women and today it is
above 9%. This is a small share when your considerer the fact that half the population is
women.

Ques12) Explain the procedure of elections.

People would elect their representatives to the parliament, then one group from among
these elected representatives from the government.
The Parliament which is made up of all representatives together controls and guides the
Govt. In this sense people, through their chosen representatives and form the
Government.
The country is divided into numerous constituencies. Each of these constituencies elects
one person to the parliament. The candidates who contest elections usually belong to
different political parties.
Ques13 What is a parliament and how does the executive control the Govt.?
Created after 1947, The Indian Parliament is an expressive of the faith that the people of
Indian have in principles of democracy. These are participation by people in the
decisions making process and government.
The Parliament, while in session with a question hour. The question hour is an important
mechanism through with the Parliament controls the executive.
By asking questions the Govt. is alerted to its shortcomings, and also comes to know the
opinion of the people through their representatives in the Parliament i.e. the MPs.
Asking questions from the government it reflects in the healthy functioning of a
democracy. They highlight drawbacks in various policies and programs of the Govt. and
mobilize support for their own policies.