UNIVERSITY IN MOSTAR

FACULTY OF PHILOSOPHY
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

SENTENCE ANALYSIS
Seminar paper

Student: Monika Zadro

Mentor: dr. sc. Marijana Sivri, docent

Mostar, June 2013.

BASIC SENTENCE PATTERN

1. Sir Robin raised a hand, and his archers lowered their bows.
TP

S1S2

S1

SVDO

coord. and
S2

SVDO

S1
S NP PreM HW
noun noun
Sir

Robin

V VP MV - raised
DO NP Det HW
art. noun
a

hand

S2
S NP Det HW
adj.

noun

his

archers

V VP MV lowered
DO NP Det HW
adj.

noun

their

bows

2. A raven came to the castle in the late afternoon.

S

SVA1A2

S NP Det HW
art. noun
a

raven

V VP MV came

A1 PP Prep OP OP NP Det HW
to

art. noun
the castle

A2 PP Prep OP OP NP Det PreM HW

in

art. adj. noun

the late afternoon

3. Dolly had rented a room in a cheap hotel.

S

SVDOA

S NP HW noun Dolly
V VP aux. MV had rented
DO NP Det. HW
art. noun
a

room

A PP Prep OP OP NP Det PreM HW

in

art. adj. noun

a cheap hotel

4. It was a windy autumn night.

S

SVSC

S NP HW pronoun It
V VP MV was
SC NP Det PreM1 PreM2 HW
art. adj.

noun noun

a windy autumn night

5. These peoples were members of some Illyrian or Celtic tribe.
S

SVSC

S NP Det HW
adj. noun
these peoples
V VP MV were

SC NP HW PoM
members
PoM PP Prep OP OP NP Det PreM1 coord. PreM2 HW
of

adj. ajd.

or

some Illyrian

adj. noun
Celtic tribe

6. Zagreb has been the capital city of Croatia since the 16th century.
S

SVSCA

S NP HW noun Zagreb
V VP aux. MV has been
SC NP Det PreM HW PoM PoM PP Prep OP OP NP HW Croatia
art. adj. noun

of

the capital city

A PP Prep OP OP NP Det PreM HW
since

art. adj. noun

the 16th century

7. They were standing on a flat paved surface, and buildings rose around them.
TP
S1

S1S2
SVA

coord. and
S2

SVADO

S1
S NP HW pronoun They
V VP aux. MV were standing
A PP Prep OP OP NP Det PreM1 PreM2 HW
on

art.
a

S2
S NP HW noun buildings
V VP MV rose

adj.

adj. noun

flat paved surface

A adv. around
DO NP HW pronoun them
8. They lived in great joy, and they remembered their life in this world as a dream.
TP
S1

S1S2
SVA

coord. and
S2

SVDOA1A2

S1
S NP HW pronoun They
V VP MV lived
A PP Prep OP OP NP PreM HW
in

adj.

noun

great

joy

S2
S NP HW pronoun they
V VP MV remembered
DO NP Det HW
adj. noun
their life
A1 PP Prep OP OP NP Det HW
in

adj. noun
this world

A2 PP Prep OP OP NP Det HW
as

art. noun
a

dream

9. Certain findings of tools and weapons indicate that pre-historic settlements were in this
area.
S

SVDO

S NP PreM HW PoM PoM PP Prep OP OP NP HW1 coord. HW2

adj. noun

of

noun

certain findings

tools

and

noun
weapons

V VP MV indicate
DO Nom. Cl. sub. (that) SVA
S NP PreM HW
adj. noun
pre-historic settlements
V VP MV were
A PP Prep OP OP NP Det HW
in

adj. noun
this area

10. Cool green lights filtered down through the diamond-shaped panes of colored glass set in
the sloping triangular walls, and a breeze was blowing gently through the terrace doors.
TP
S1

S1S2
SVA1A2A3

coord. and
S2

SVA1A2

S1
S NP PreM1 PreM2 HW
adj.

adj.

noun

cool

green lights

V VP MV filtered
A1 adv. down
A2 PP Prep OP OP NP Det PreM HW PoM
through

art. adj. noun

the

panes

diamond-shaped

PoM PP Prep OP OP NP PreM1 PreM2 HW

of

adj.

adj.

noun

colored glass

set

A3 PP Prep OP OP NP Det PreM1 PreM2 HW

in

art.

adj.

adj. noun

the sloping triangular walls

S2
S NP Det HW
art. noun
a breeze
V VP aux. MV was blowing
A1 adv. gently
A2 PP Prep OP OP NP Det PreM HW
through

art. noun noun

the terrace doors

11. He had worked like a dog, and he was still slaving at the same job.
TP

S1S2

S1

SVA

coord. and
S2

SVA1VA2

S1
S NP HW pronoun He
V VP aux. MV had worked
A PP Prep OP OP NP Det HW
like

art. noun
a

S2
S NP HW pronoun he
V VP aux. MV was slaving

dog

A1 adv. still
A2 PP Prep OP OP NP Det PreM HW
at

art. adj. noun

the same job

12. His uncle looked at him oddly.

S

SVIOA

S NP Det HW
Adj. noun
his uncle
V VP MV looked
IO PP Prep OP OP NP HW pronoun him
at
A adv. oddly
13. It was Peggy that joined us on our trip to Barcelona.
S

Sit BE SC Sent.

Sit NP HW pronoun it
V (BE) VP MV was
SC NP HW noun Peggy
Sent.

sub. (that) SVDOA

V VP MV joined
DO NP HW pronoun us
A PP Prep OP OP NP Det HW PoM PoM PP Prep OP OP NP HW
on

adj. noun
our

trip

14. I told you the facts, and I think they are serious.
TP

S1S2

S1

SVIODO

coord. and
S2

SVDO

to

noun
Barcelona

S1
S NP HW pronoun I
V VP MV told
IO NP HW pronoun you
DO NP Det HW
art. noun
the facts
S2
S NP HW pronoun I
V VP MV think
DO Nom. Cl. sub.SVSC
S NP HW pronoun they
V VP MV are
SC NP HW adjective serious
15. Arch exclaimed that he wrote poetry sometimes, but he did not feel that it was good.
TP

S1S2

S1

SVDO

coord. but
S2

SVDO

S1
S NP HW noun Arch
V VP MV exclaimed
DO Nom. Cl. sub. (that) SVDOA
S NP HW pronoun he
V VP MV wrote
DO NP HW noun poetry
A adv. sometimes
S2
S NP HW pronoun he

V VP aux. MV did not feel

DO Nom. Cl. sub. (that) SVSC
S NP HW pronoun it
V VP MV was
SC NP HW adjective good
16. Edmund meanwhile had been having a most disappointing time.
S

SAVDO

S NP HW noun Edmund
A adv. meanwhile
V VP aux. MV had been having
DO NP Det Int PreM HW
the most disappointing time
17. Commercial art no longer has any real meaning.
S

SAVDO

S NP PreM HW
adj. noun
commercial

art

A adv. no longer
V VP MV has
DO NP Det PreM HW
adj. adj. noun
any real meaning
18. A bug crawled over his leg, and he squashed it.
TP
S1

S1S2
SVA

coord. and
S2

SVDO

S1
S NP Det HW
art. noun
a

bug

V VP MV crawled
A PP Prep OP OP NP Det HW
over

adj. noun
his

leg

S2
S NP HW pronoun he
V VP MV squashed
DO NP HW pronoun it
19. Dullness tagged him with insistent fingers.
S

SVDOA

S NP HW noun dullness
V VP MV tagged
DO NP HW pronoun him
A PP Prep OP OP NP PreM HW
with

adj. noun
insistent fingers

20. Angela also knew her moments of despondency.

S

SAVDO

S NP HW noun Angela
A adv. also
V VP MV knew

DO NP Det. HW PoM PoM PP Prep OP OP NP HW noun despondency

adj. noun

of

her moments

TREE DIAGRAMS
1. They got up and left the tea things on the small table.
TP
coord.
S1

and

NP

VP

They

got up

S2
NP

VP
VP

PP

NP

NP

left the tea things on the small table

2. The kids were sent to the nearest hospital.
S
NP
Det
The

VP
N

VP

kids

PP

aux

MV

NP

were

sent to the nearest hospital

3. You were sitting in the backseat.

S
NP

VP

VP

You

aux.
were

MV

sitting on

PP
P
Det

NP
N
the

backseat

4. Her father is jailed for many years.

S
NP

VP

Det.

VP

PP

Her

father

aux. MV

is jailed

for

NP
Det. N
many years

5. You said that you have been to this place.

S
NP

VP

You

said

CP
C
that

NP
N
you

VP
VP

PP

aux. MV

have been to

NP
Det.
this

N
place