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Module 5:
Mass transfer in turbulant flows
Lecture 41:
Mass Transfer in Turbulent Pipe Flow
NPTEL,IITKharagpur,Prof.SaikatChakraborty,DepartmentofChemicalEngineering
Assumptions
(i)
(ii)
Constant properties
(iii)
Experiments like this provide information about variation of eddy diffusivity near the wall.
Steady-state Governing equation for the case of no axial conduction/diffusion
uz
ci
1
( rJ ir )
=
z
r r
NPTEL,IITKharagpur,Prof.SaikatChakraborty,DepartmentofChemicalEngineering
J ir = J ir( l ) + J ir( t ) = ( D + D ( t ) )
ci
r
ci
= constant . (Remember discussion of heat transfer in
r
c
r J ir = i ru z dr
z 0
r
Integration yields :
(3)
But
2 RJ 0 z = ci
2 r u
dr
moles moles
Val. flux ; cm3 / s
3
cm
c
RJ 0 = i ru z dr
z 0
R
Or,
(4)
NPTEL,IITKharagpur,Prof.SaikatChakraborty,DepartmentofChemicalEngineering
+
ymax
J ir R
=
J0 r
ru
1
=
y+
+
0 r uz dr 1 ymax
0
R
0
R
r
0
y+
+
ymax
y+
u 1 + dy
ymax
+
r = R y and
+
ymax
dr
y+
u 1 + dy
ymax
+
y+
+
ymax
Or,
J ir
4 / Re
=
y+
J0
1 +
ymax
+
ymax
y+
y+
u 1 +
ymax
+
dy
(5)
Where the denominator has been replaced by the Re as obtained by eqn. (1) in the previous lecture
and reproduced below:
NPTEL,IITKharagpur,Prof.SaikatChakraborty,DepartmentofChemicalEngineering
2 R < uz >
Re =
=4
v
+
ymax
y+
u ( y )[1 + ] dy + (1)
ymax
+
+ =
u*
ci ci| y =0
J0
c
J ir = D + D (t ) i
r
J ir D + D (t ) d +
=
J0
v
dy +
y+
+ =
Use
J ir
v
dy +
(t )
D + D J0
J ir
as found in eq. (5) to obtain + distribution
J0
NPTEL,IITKharagpur,Prof.SaikatChakraborty,DepartmentofChemicalEngineering
2R J 0
,
D[caver ci | y =0
Nu =
where
R
u
caver =
ci r dr
r dr
Thus:
+
ymax
y+ +
[cavg
dy ,
+
0 u 1 ymax
+
ymax
Nu
St =
.
= y+
max
+
Re Sc
y
2 u + + 1 + dy +
ymax
0
4J0
ci| y =0 ] =
u* Re
a) If
+
+ const = max
+
2 ymax
=
St =
Re +max
f
1
,
2 +max
where
+max =
+
ymax
J ir +
v
dy
D + D (t ) J 0
NPTEL,IITKharagpur,Prof.SaikatChakraborty,DepartmentofChemicalEngineering
Let
c
J ir
0 only near the periphery:
1 Since
J0
r
+
max
=
+
ymax
v
dy +
(t )
D+D
u + = y + A1 y + + A2 y +
4
u + = 2.5ln y + + 5.5
y + 20
y + > 20
A1 = 1.0972 104
With
A2 = 3.295 106
D (t ) = f ( y + )
if
D (t ) = v (t )
Hence,
D(t )
4 A1 y + 5 A2 y +
=
3
4
v
1 4 A1 y + 5 A2 y +
y 20
D(t ) y +
=
1
v
2.5
y > 20
y + << 1 =>
3
Dt
4 A1 y +
v
+
max
+
ymax
Sc 2/3
=
(4 A1 )1/3
=
+
ymax
v
dy +
(t )
D+D
+
ymax
dy +
3
1
+ 4 A1 y +
Sc
dy +
1+ y+
Sc 2 / 3
4 9
1/ 3
(4 A1 )
3 3
NPTEL,IITKharagpur,Prof.SaikatChakraborty,DepartmentofChemicalEngineering
Finally
St =
0.0429
Sc 2/3 f
2
1.2092
as
Sc .
Chiltan-Colburn analogy:
St =
f
Sc 2/3
2
NPTEL,IITKharagpur,Prof.SaikatChakraborty,DepartmentofChemicalEngineering