Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Assignment3,SecondSemester2016
Due:3pmWednesday12thOctober
Readtheseinstructionscarefully.
Marks
Assignment3isworth10%ofyourfinalmark.Donotleaveituntilthelastday.
Itwillbemarkedoutof85marks,80marksforthequestionsasshownand5marks
forcommunicationandpresentation.Seebelowforhowthese5marksare
allocated.Yourfinalmarkwillbeconvertedtoamarkoutof10whichwillbe
recordedtowardsyourcoursework.
Statisticsisaboutsummarising,analysingandcommunicatinginformation.
Communicationisanimportantpartofstatistics.Forthisreasonyouwillbe
expectedtowriteanswerswhichclearlycommunicateyourthoughts.
CommunicationandPresentationmarks:
Demonstratedclearsentencestructure:thisincludescorrectuseoffullstops
andcapitalletters;notwritingexcessivelylongorcomplicatedsentences;
attentiontospellingandgrammar.
Demonstratedabilitytocommunicateinformationclearlyinsentences:this
includessentenceseasilyconveyingthecorrectidea;sentencesmakingsense;
commentsnotbeingexcessivelylongorshort;conclusionsfollowinglogically
frompreviousstatements.
Assignmenttidilysetoutandeasytofollow:thisincludestheanswersbeing
clearlysetoutinthecorrectorder;theassignmentnotbeingoverlymessy;
graphsandplotsaretidywithcorrectlabellingofaxes;theassignmentincluding
thecorrectcoversheetbeingclippedtogetherorstapled.
FollowtheStepbyStepGuidetoPerformingaHypothesisTestbyHandas
required.
Attestbyhandcanbehandwrittenortyped!
StudentIDnumbershownsomewhereontheassignment:thiscanbeonthe
insideofthecoversheetoronthetopofthefirstpageoftheassignment.
Questionguide
Attemptquestions1,2and3whenChapter7hasbeencovered.
Attemptquestion4whenthefirsthalfofChapter8hasbeencovered.
Attemptquestions5and6whenallofChapter8hasbeencovered.
STATS101/101G/108Assignment3
Hypothesistestsinthisassignment
Practicalsignificance:
Apartfromquestion3,youdoNOTneedtointerprethypothesistestsin
termsofpracticalsignificance.
Inquestion4:
Youmustclearlyshowthatyouhavefollowedsteps1,2,3,7,9and10inthe
StepbyStepGuidetoPerformingaHypothesisTestbyHand,Lecture
Workbook,page11,Chapter7.Theotherstepsarereplacedbyyour
computeroutput,whichyoumusthandin.
ReportPvaluesto3or4decimalplaces.
Computeruseinthisassignment
Makesureyouarepreparedforquestions4and5beforeyoubegintousethe
computer.
Handinallcomputeroutputforquestions4and5.
WhencarryingoutatwoindependentsamplettestusingSPSSdonotassume
equalvariances.
Plotsinthisassignment
Makesureyoufollowtheinstructiongiveninthequestionwhenyouare
requiredtoconstructaplot.Byhand(forplots)meansusingapenandaruler!
Notes
TheformatandhandinginofAssignment3isthesameasthatforAssignments
1and2.Refertotheinstructionsonpage1ofthosetwoassignments.
RefertotheWorkedExamplesfileunderAssignmentsandAssignment
ResourcesonCanvasforexamplesofhowtosetoutyouranswers.
RefertotheLectureWorkbook,SectionA(CourseInformation),page3,
AssignmentRules:Workingtogetherversuscheating
Page1
Question1.[9marks][Chapter7]
Question2.[9marks][Chapter7]
InNewZealandabout3500peopleworkincommunitypharmaciesandaregisterofall
pharmacistsworkinginNewZealandismaintained.Arandomsampleofpharmacistswere
asked(amongotherthings)abouttheirprofessionalqualityoflifeandseveralmeasures
wererecorded.Onesuchmeasurewascalledaburnoutscore.Thiswasameasure(from
0to50)ofthefeelingsofhelplessnessanddifficultiesindealingwithworkordoingtheirjob
effectively.Higherscoresrepresentgreaterburnout.Summarystatisticsofburnoutscores
forthe109pharmacistsinthesamplewhoworkedinacity,classifiedbygender,are
displayedbelow:
Gender
Mean
Std.Deviation
BurnoutscoreFemale
63
20.92
5.903
46
24.46
6.292
Male
InSeptember2014,SouthernCrossHealthInsurancesurveyedarandomsampleof1633
NewZealandtravellersabouttheiroverseastravellingexperiences.
Onequestioninthesurveyasked:
Whenfacedwithannoyingtravelbehaviours,whichoftheseactionsareyoulikelytotake?
Thetablebelowshowstheresponsesfromthe1633adultNewZealandertravellersactions,
classifiedbytheiragegroup.
Actions
Confrontthepassengerdirectly
Silentlyfumeanddonothing
Letitgo/notbebothered
Reportthepassengertotheflightattendant
Paythembacksubtly
Askforanewseat
Complaintotheairlinelater
Rantonsocialmedia
Other
Notsure
(a)
Carryoutattesttoinvestigatewhether,forallpharmacistsworkinginaNewZealandcity,
thereisadifferencebetweenthemeanburnoutscoreforfemalesandthatformales.
Notes:
(i)
Refertotheinstructionsonpage1ofthisassignment:Hypothesistestsinthis
assignment.
(ii)
YoumustclearlyshowthatyouhavefollowedtheStepbyStepGuidetoPerforminga
HypothesisTestbyHandgivenintheLectureWorkbook,page11,Chapter7.
(iii) Atsteps5and8itisnecessarytousethetprocedurestoolonCanvastodetermine
thestandarderrorandthetmultiplier.
Lookunder:AssignmentsAssignment3
(iv) Atstep6itisnecessarytouseeitherthetprocedurestoolonCanvas,agraphics
calculator,SPSS,orExceltodeterminethePvalue.
(b) Doestheconfidenceintervalgiveninpart(a)containthetruevalueoftheparameter?
Brieflyexplain.
Agegroup
Under40
40andover
(n=688)
(n=945)
107
175
238
213
238
266
102
195
77
56
108
172
39
30
60
12
5
15
73
75
(a)
Statethesamplingsituationforanalysingthedifferencebetweentheestimatedproportion
ofadultNewZealandtravellerswho,inSeptember2014,wouldhaveconfrontedthe
passengerdirectlyandthecorrespondingproportionwhowouldhaverantedonsocial
media.
(b) Carryoutattesttoinvestigatewhetherthereisadifferencebetweentheproportionofall
adultNewZealandtravellersunder40yearswho,inSeptember2014wouldhavesilently
fumedanddonenothingandtheproportionofalladultNewZealandtravellers40yearsand
overwho,inSeptember2014,wouldhavesilentlyfumedanddonenothing.
Notes:
(i)
Refertotheinstructionsonpage1ofthisassignment:Hypothesistestsinthis
assignment.
(ii)
YoumustclearlyshowthatyouhavefollowedtheStepbyStepGuidetoPerforminga
HypothesisTestbyHandgivenintheLectureWorkbook,page11,Chapter7.
(iii) Atstep5itisnecessarytousethetprocedurestoolonCanvastodeterminethe
standarderror.Lookunder:AssignmentsAssignment3
(iv) Atstep6itisnecessarytouseeitherthetprocedurestoolonCanvas,agraphics
calculator,SPSS,orExceltodeterminethePvalue.
STATS101/101G/108Assignment3
Page2
Question3.[10marks][Chapter7]
Alocalcouncilsuspectsthattheweightofhouseholdrecyclablewastehasincreased,whichmay
requirethemtoexploreanewmethodofcollection.
Thecurrentmethodofcollectionhasbeenbasedonthepremisethatthemeanweightof
recyclablewasteperhouseholdis12kilogramsforeachfortnightlycollection.Thecouncil
conductsastudytoinvestigatetheirsuspicionbyrandomlyselectinganumberofhouseholds
andrecordingtheweight(inkilograms)ofrecyclablewasteforeachhousehold.
Acommercialwastecollectioncompanyisconsideringapplyingforthecontracttocollectthe
householdrecyclablematerialifthecouncilemploysthenewmethodofcollection.Paymentto
thecompanywouldbedeterminedbytheweightofrecyclablewastecollected.Thecompany
believesthatitisworthwhileapplyingforthecontractifthemeanweightofrecyclablewaste
perhouseholdismorethan15kilogramsforeachfortnightlycollection.Thecompanyusesthe
resultsofthestudyconductedbythecounciltodeterminethefeasibilityofapplyingforthe
contract.
Somepossibleoutcomesofthecouncilsstudyare:
Question4.[14Marks][FirsthalfofChapter8]
Researchers1wereinterestedinfindingoutwhethertherereallyisahomegameadvantagefor
teamsplayingintheNationalFootballLeague(NFL)intheUSA.Thatis,theywereinterestedin
whetherthehometeamscoredmorepoints,onaverage,thantheawayteam.Ifthereisa
homegameadvantagetheywerealsointerestedinestimatingitssize.Datacollectedforeach
of256gamesincludedthescoresforthehomeandtheawayteam.
Notes:
(i)
NFL-Data-A-SPSS orNFL-Data-A-iNZight
NFL-Data-B-SPSS orNFL-Data-B-iNZight
(ii)
Toanswerparts(c)and(d)youneedtoensurethatyouusethefile(s)whichhasthedata
intheformthatisappropriateforthedesignofthisstudy.
se( x )
Case 1
12.70
0.492
0.0806
(11.7, 13.7)
(a)
Case 2
21.40
7.354
0.1034
( 6.6, 36.2)
(b) Forthisstudydescribethe:
Case 3
16.15
0.303
0.0000
(15.5, 16.8)
(i)
units,
Case 4
13.05
0.755
0.0854
(11.5, 14.6)
(ii)
treatmentorfactorofinterest,
(12.5, 15.3)
(iii) response.
Case 5
13.86
0.694
Pvalue
95%CI
0.0050
(c)
Note:
Whattypeofstudyisthis:ExperimentorObservationalstudy?Brieflyjustifyyourchoice.
(i)
UsingSPSSand/oriNZightdrawtheappropriateboxplot(s)forthisdataset.(Youshould
considerthedesignofthisstudytoensuretherelevantplot(s)isdrawn.)
(ii)
Commentontwofeaturesintheboxplot(s)intermsoftheoriginalstory.
ThehypothesesassociatedwiththequotedPvaluesare:
H0 : thetruemeanweightofrecyclablewasteperhouseholdis12kilogramsversus
H1 : thetruemeanweightofrecyclablewasteperhouseholdisgreaterthan12kilograms
(a)
SPSSandExcelfilesofthedataareavailableonCanvasontheSTATS10xCanvasFront
PageorlookunderAssignmentsAssignment3.
Clickon:
(i)
(ii)
Whatisthehypothesisedvalue?
Inwhichdirectionandhowfaraway,intermsofstandarderrors,istheestimatedmean
weightofrecyclablewasteperhouseholdinCase1( x 12.70 )fromthehypothesised
value?
(b) Whichcase(s)demonstrates,atthe5%level,thatthesamplemean, x , is(statistically)
significantlydifferentfromthehypothesisedvalue?
(c) Forwhichcase(s)areweabletoclaimthatthetruemeanweightofrecyclablewasteper
household:
(i) haspracticalsignificance?
(ii) doesnothavepracticalsignificance?
(d) Inwhichcase(s)havewelearnednothingusefulaboutthetruemeanweightofrecyclablewaste
perhousehold?
(e) Supposetheactualoutcomeforthestudyis:
Case 6
se( x )
Pvalue
95%CI
14.32
0.218
0.0000
(13.9, 14.8)
Writethreetofivesentencesinterpretingthisoutput.Youneedtorefertostatistical
significanceandpracticalsignificance.Wouldyourecommendthatthecompanyapplyforthe
contracttocollecthouseholdrecyclingmaterialforthelocalcouncil?Giveareason(s)foryour
choice.
STATS101/101G/108Assignment3
(d) Investigatewhether,onaverage,thehometeamscoresmorepointsthantheawayteam.Use
SPSStoconductattest.Interpretyourresults.(Youshouldconsiderthedesignofthisstudyto
ensuretheappropriatettestisconducted.)
Reminder:Refertotheinstructionsonpage1ofthisassignment:Hypothesistestsinthis
assignment.
(e)
Commentonthevalidityofthetproceduresconductedin(d)bybrieflydiscussingeach
assumption.
Lock,R.H.,Lock,P.F.,Morgan,K.l.,Lock,E.F.,andLock,D.F.(2013).StatisticsUnlockingthePowerofData.Wiley.
Page3
Question5.[23Marks][SecondhalfofChapter8]
Question6.[15Marks][Chapters7and8]
Thisquestionalsorelatestotheinformationobtainedfromtherandomsampleof
pharmacistsworkinginNewZealand.(SeeQuestion1)Thepharmacistswereaskedabout
theirprofessionalqualityoflifeandseveralmeasureswererecorded.Onesuchmeasurewas
calledacompassionsatisfactionscore.Thiswasameasure(from0to50)ofthepleasure
derivedfrombeingabletodotheirjobwell.Higherscoresrepresentgreatersatisfaction.Of
interestwaswhetherthecompassionsatisfactionscorediffered,onaverage,between
pharmacistsworkinginpharmaciesinfourdifferentlocationsinNewZealand(City,Mall,
Suburb,Rural).Thecompassionsatisfactionscorewasrecordedforthe567pharmacistsin
thesamplewhoworkedinthesefourdifferentlocationsinNewZealand.
(a)
AswathDamodaranisaProfessorofFinanceintheSternSchoolofBusinessatNewYork
University,USA.Everyyearhecollatesdataonaverylargenumberofcompaniesworldwide.
His2014datasets2includeddatawithinformationon4,456companiesinAustralia,Canada
andNewZealand.Belowisinformationonsomeofthevariablescollected.
units,
(ii)
factorofinterest,
(iii) response.
(b) (i)
(ii)
UsingSPSSand/oriNZightdrawtheappropriateboxplot(s)forthisdataset.
Commentonanyfeaturesintheplot(s)intermsoftheoriginalstory.
PharmacistsData-SPSS
PharmacistsData-iNZight
(c)
UsingSPSSprovidethecomputeroutputofanFtestonthesedata.RefertotheSPSS
Tutorial,pages16and17,onCanvas.(LookunderSoftwareinformationandhelpSPSS
Help.)[Note:EnsurethatyoucompleteStep1throughtoStep4oftheinstructionsonpages
16and17.]
(d) StatetheassumptionsoftheFtestintermsoftheoriginalstory.
(e)
Calculatetheratioofthelargestsamplestandarddeviationforthecompassionsatisfaction
scoretothesmallestsamplestandarddeviationforthecompassionsatisfactionscore.
(f)
CommentonthevalidityoftheFtestbybrieflydiscussingeachassumption.
(g)
AssumethatanFtestisanappropriatetesttousehere.(Note:Itmaynotbe.)
(i)
Statethenullhypothesisforthetest,bothinwordsandusingsymbols.
(ii)
Statethealternativehypothesisforthetestinwords.
AssumetheTukeyspairwisecomparisonsarevalid.Forthisstudyinvestigatewhether,
onaverage,thereisadifferenceinthecompassionsatisfactionscoresbetweencity
andruralpharmacists.InterpretthePvalueandconfidenceinterval.
Note:Aconclusionisnotrequiredhere.
(ii)
Betweenwhichpair(orpairs)oflocationsweretheresignificantdifferences(atthe5%
level)inthemeancompassionsatisfactionscore?
Inonetotwosentences,provideanoverallconclusionforthisstudy.
STATS101/101G/108Assignment3
thevalueofthecompanyinmillionsofUSdollars
(a)
Foreachofthescenarios1to5below:
(i) Writedownthenameofthevariable(s)(giveninthetableabove)neededtoexamine
thequestion.
(ii) Foreachvariablein(i)writedownitstype(categoricalornumeric).
(b) Whattool(s)shouldyouusetobegintoinvestigatethescenarios1to5below?Writedown
thescenarionumber1to5followedbytheappropriatetool.Hint:Refertothenotesin
Chapter1oftheLectureWorkbook.
(c) Giventhattheunderlyingassumptionsaresatisfied,whichformofanalysisbelowshouldbe
usedintheinvestigationofeachofthescenarios1to5below?Writedownthescenario
number1to5followedbytheappropriateCodeAtoF.
Scenario1 Isthereadifferencebetweenthevalueandtotaldebtofacompany?
Scenario2 Isthesharepriceofacompanyrelatedtothecountryitisbasedin?
Scenario3 Isthereadifferenceinthepercentagegrowthinnetincomebetween
manufacturingcompaniesandretailcompanies?
Scenario4 IsthereadifferencebetweentheproportionofagriculturecompaniesinNew
ZealandandtheproportionofagriculturecompaniesinAustralia?
Scenario5 Doesthetotaldebtofacompanydependontheindustrygroupinginwhicha
companyoperates?
Code
A
B
C
D
E
F
(iii) Areweabletodeterminewhichlocationhasthegreatestmeancompassion
satisfactionscore?Ifso,namethelocation.
(i)
thecountrythecompanyisbasedin:Australia,Canada,
NewZealand
FirmValue
(iii) WhatdoestheresultoftheFtesttellyouaboutthemeancompassionsatisfaction
scoresforallfourlocations?Explainyouranswerin1or2sentences.
(h) (i)
Country
Note:
SPSSandExcelfilesofthedataareavailableonCanvasontheSTATS10xCanvasFrontPage
orlookunderAssignmentsAssignment3.
Clickon:
Type
IndustryGroup thebroadindustrygrouping,inwhichthecompanyoperates:
agriculture,energy,manufacturing,retail,other
SharePrice
thesharepriceofthecompanyasattheendofthefinancialyearin
USdollars
Growth
thepercentagegrowthinnetincomeofthecompanyoverthelast
threeyears
TotalDebt
thetotaldebtofthecompanyinmillionsofUSdollars
Forthisstudydescribethe:
(i)
Variable
Formofanalysis
Onesamplettestonamean
Onesamplettestonaproportion
Onesamplettestonameanofdifferences
Twosamplettestonadifferencebetweentwomeans
ttestonadifferencebetweentwoproportions
OnewayanalysisofvarianceFtest
Availableathttp://people.stern.nyu.edu/adamodar/
Page4