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NX-OS Spanning-Tree Protocol


Unlike IOS, NX-OS does not support legacy CST/PVST+
o Default STP mode is Rapid-PVST+
o

i.e. per-VLAN, but uses 802.1w Rapid STP

o Also supports 802.1s MST

NX-OS defines three STP port types


o spanning-tree port-type [normal | edge | network]

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Spanning-Tree Port Types


spanning-tree port-type normal
o Normal ports act like Catalyst IOS ports
o Default STP port type

spanning-tree port-type edge


o Edge ports are STP PortFast ports

spanning-tree port-type network


o Network ports run STP Bridge Assurance

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NX-OS STP Bridge Assurance


All STP Network Ports send BPDUs regardless of STP port state
o Legacy 802.1d only sends BPDUs from Root Bridge downstream
o Primary goal is to protect against unidirectional links
o BPDU becomes a bidirectional keepalive
o Replaces LoopGuard functionality

Secondary result is same functional effect as VTP Pruning


o VLANs stop forwarding on links that you do not receive BPDUs for
that VLAN in

Enabled on interfaces with spanning-tree port type network

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Port Channels Overview


Terminology
o Port Channels, EtherChannels, & NIC Teaming terms used
Interchangeably
o Regardless of vendor, 802.3ad (LACP) refers to Port Channeling

Used to aggregate bandwidth of multiple physical links between


devices
o E.g. 4 x physical 1GigE links form a 4GigE logical Port Channel
o Appears as one logical link from STPs perspective
o Avoids active/standby and allows active/active

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CCIE Data Center

Nexus Switching

Introduction

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Contents
Nexus 7K, 5K & 2K Hardware Architecture
NX-OS Fundamentals
Virtual Device Contexts (VDCs)

NX-OS Classical Layer 2 & Layer 3 Switching


Virtual Port Channels (vPCs)
FabricPath
Overlay Transport Virtualization (OTV)

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CCIE Data Center

Nexus Switching

Nexus Hardware Architecture

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Nexus Hardware
Four main platforms in the CCIE DC Lab Exam
o Nexus 7000
o Nexus 5000
o Nexus 2000
o Nexus 1000v

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Nexus 7000 Platform


There are 4 form factors
o 7018, 7010, 7009, 7004

Two types of line cards


o M Series Cards: Layer 3 cards Feature rich cards
o F Series Cards: Layer 2 only cards Performance oriented cards

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M Series Vs. F Series


M Series
Layer3 Routing

F Series
Layer2 Only

FEX

FabricPath

OTV

vPC+

TrustSec

FCoE

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Nexus 5000 Platform


There are two generations
o Nexus 5000 5010 & 5020
o Nexus 5500 5548 & 5596

Mainly layer2 switching


o 5500 can support L3 add-in card

5500 supports Unified Ports (UP models)


o Ports can run as Ethernet or native Fibre Channel
o Ethernet ports allocated at port 1 and counts up
o Fibre Channel ports allocated at last port and counts down
o Requires a reboot to re-allocate ports role

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Nexus 2000 Platform


Fabric Extender (FEX)
o Remote line card of 7K or 5K chassis
o No local switching

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Cisco Fabric Services CFS


Used to sync configs of certain features between chassis
o E.g. NTP, AAA, RBAC, Call Home, Config Sync

Used to sync control plane of certain features between chassis


o E.g. ARP, ICMPv6 ND, & IGMP Snooping over vPC

Supports both Ethernet (CFSoE), IP (CFSoIP), and IPv6


(CFSoIPv6) as transport
o Transport depends on application
o show cfs application

Scope of CFS can be set with cfs region


o Chassis in different regions do not synchronize

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CCIE Data Center

Nexus Switching

Nexus 2000 Fabric Extenders FEX

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Nexus 2000 FEX Overview


N2K Fabric Extender (FEX) acts as a remote line card of 7K or 5K
chassis
All management performed on Parent Switch
o No console or VTY ports on FEX
o NX-OS automatically downloaded from Parent

No local switching
o Traffic between local ports on FEX must flow north via uplink to
Parent and then south back down
o Can impact design decision of platform placement

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