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Paper 48
of Mechanical Engineering, Dhaka University of Engineering & Technology (DUET), Gazipur, Bangladesh
of Marine Science and Fisheries, Faculty of Science, University of Chittagong, Bangladesh
Corresponding e-mail: nadimduet@yahoo.com
2Institute
Abstract
This paper presents feasibility study of ocean wave energy conversion of the Bay of Bengal and a newly proposed ocean wave energy conversion
system. The feasibility study fixates on significant wave height of ocean wave and quantifying the energy in the wave. This experimental
investigation is focused on the velocity of wave which will be able to capture energy from wave as a thrust force which will be used to the
conversion of electrical energy. The performance of fabricated setup are investigated and found it works successfully for the energy conversion.
The amount of force provided in the system is determined by a back calculation manner and this considered as an equivalent force delivered
through the ocean wave. A correlation makes with the force provided in fabricated setup and force provided by the ocean wave; hence produce a
proportional relationship between the forces. The detail performance parameters are also presented.
NOAA/PMEL
4.5
2010
2011
2012
2013
4.0
3.5
INTRODUCTION
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
Months
Pwf C Ed
gT
8
(1)
(2)
Page | 74
Pwf
gT w gH 2 w g 2 2
H mT
8
8
64
(3)
Here the water depth is larger than half the wave length.
B. Statistics for wave power
A wave resource is typically described in terms of power per
meter of wave front (or wave crest). This can be calculated by
multiplying the energy density by the wave celerity (wave front
velocity). This graph constructed by average wave energy
density per meter of wave front. Average wave power density
can be calculated as
For January
H mj i 0 H mi Ti i 1, 2,3, 4......,31
n
Paj
H mj
n
n 31
(4)
(5)
For February
Paf
H mf
n
n 28
(7)
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May Jun
Jul
Aug Sep
Oct
Nov Dec
Months
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION
An experimental setup for ocean wave energy conversion
system is shown in Fig. 4. Each component are indicated in the
schematic diagram i.e. Wave Collector, Rail with Bearing,
Rack and Pinion, Pinion with Shaft and Pillow Block, Ratchet
mechanism, Chain, Flywheel, Generator, Generator output
measuring circuit. The collector and Rack gear are fixed that
can reciprocate to and fro motion. The other parts remain
stationary but they can rotate about their axes. At what time
equivalent force of an ocean wave is applied to the collector
which moves to back results the pinions will start to rotate due
to contact of rack and pinion with each other. It is also seen
that pinions and a sprocket is attached together in a shaft so
sprocket also rotates.
The sprocket is connected with a ratchet mechanism by a
chain thats why the power is transmitted in one direction and
other is free. The ratchet mechanism and Flywheel are attached
A. Wave force
Neglecting friction, a free travelling ocean wave has a
constant total power. Averaged over a period or a wavelength,
the total power is equally divided between, Potential energy
associated with the displacement of water from its equilibrium
position, and Kinetic energy associated with particle motion[8].
Wave Velocity C gL tanh 2h
(8)
2
L
[For shallow water (d=L/20 or less); C ghT ]
L
w g 2 2
H mT
64
gL
2h
tanh
2
L
(9)
Where,
L = Wave length (m)
H = Depth below seawater level
w = Seawater density [1024kg/m3]
g = Gravitational constant [9.81m/s2]
Hm= Height of wave (m) [significant wave height]
T = Time period of wave (s)
C = Celerity (m/s) [wave front velocity]
B. Force applied to the wave collector
I A mArA2
TA I A A
f i At
(11)
(12)
2N f
t 60
2N f
mA rA
t 60
TA mA rA2
F flywheel
(10)
(13)
(14)
Fs Fflywheel
Table 1: Correlation of Force Applied to the collector and force
provided by the ocean wave per meter of wave front (Based on data
obtained 2nd July, 2012)
Correlation (Based on Experimental Setup)
Input Force applied (N)
Output Power (W)
72.08
5
10010.53
693.25
220
200
200
180
180
RPM
160
160
RPM of Flywheel
every after 5sec
140
RPM of Flywheel
every after 7sec
140
120
120
100
80
100
170
180 0
10
20
30
40
50
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
160
170
150
160
RPM of Flywheel
every after 10sec
RPM
150
140
140
RPM of Flywheel
every after 15sec
130
130
120
120
110
110
0
20
40
60
80
100
100
0
20
40
60
Time in Sec
80
100
120
140
160
Time in Sec
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
[8]
12.5
14
12.0
11.5
Voltage
12
10
11.0
10.5
8
10.0
9.5
9.0
13
4
0
10
20
30
40
50 15 0
12
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
14
13
11
Voltage
12
10
11
10
9
9
8
8
7
7
0
20
40
60
Time in Sec
80
100
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
Time in Sec
Page | 76