REMARKS and ANALYSIS of the DATA

In Table A called the (Determination of Focal Length using an Object at Infinity) we used
both lenses which has an actual focal length of 10cm and 20cm respectively. Here in this
experiment, where the object distance is at infinity we can observe that as the focal length of lens
increases, so do the image distance increases.
In Table B called the (Determination of Focal Length using an Object at a Finite
Distance) we used both lenses which has an actual focal length of 10cm and 20cm respectively.
For this experiment, the distance between the screen and the light source is set up where there is
a distance of 100cm between them. In this experiment, we can observe that if the object distance
and image distance swapped places, the value for the focal length will still remain the same. We
can also see that as the object distance increases, so do the resulting focal length will be.
In Table C called the (Determination of Focal Length (Lens 1 or Lens 2) using Graphical
Technique) the lens assigned to our group is the second lens with a focal length of 20cm. The
reciprocal of the focal length serves as the x and y intercept of the graph. Where the x-intercept is
the image distance and the y-intercept is the object distance. We recorded the object distance,
image distance, and the hi for 110cm, 95cm, and 90cm from the light source. In this experiment,
we have observed that as the object distance increases, so do the hi.
There were a few things which caused the percent error in our experiment. One of these
is the turned off lights. Since for the majority of the experiment, the lights need to be turned off
we might have had some difficulty in reading the distances. I feel that the ruler we used for
measuring the hi and the ho may have had discrepancies.

CONCLUSION
There two objectives for this experiment the refraction from a spherical surface: thin lens.
The first objective is to determine the focal length of a convex lens using the different locations
of the object. The second objective is to determine the focal length of a convex lens using the
graphical method.
From on the yields of our experiment, we can observe that if we use the sun as the
objects distance where we assume that the distance is infinity, the resulting image distance will
be equal to the focal length. We can then conclude that the image distance is directly proportional
to the focal length when the object distance is set to infinity, using the sun, this means that as the
image distance increases so do the focal length increases. In the second part of the experiment
where the object is at a finite where we set the distance of 100cm between the light source and
the image, we can observe that even if the object and the image distance swapped places the
magnitude of the resulting focal length will still be the equal if they object and image distance is
'

ss
not swapped. We used the equation f = s+ s '

to calculate the focal length. In table c, we set the

distance between the object and image distance at three different distances. The first distance is
set to 90 cm apart. The second distance is set to 100cm. And the third distance is 110cm. We can
also observe that the radius of the inner circle is proportional to the image distance. But it is
inversely proportional to the object distance. Therefore, as the object distance increases, the size
of the radius of the smaller circle will get smaller, while if the image distance decreases, the
radius of the smaller circle also decrease or gets smaller. For the first part of the part c, we can
find the x-intercept and y-intercept. After plotting the points can get the x-intercept and yintercept we can get the values for the focal length by getting their reciprocal., it can be
calculated by the reciprocal of the focal length or by using the formula

1
f . In magnification,

the image and object magnification is less than or smaller than the magnification of the image
and object size. For the second part of part C where we take the image size and we use object
'

s
magnification where we use the foruma can be obtained by the formula m s
obtained the magnification of the image and object size we used

m=

h1
h0

, and to

, where h1 is the

image size and h0 is the object size.

This experiment entitled the Refraction from a Spherical Surface: Thin Lens has many
applications as well as examples in nature in our daily lives. One of these applications in nature
that we can observe are our very own eyes. Another example we can observe in nature are when

dropelets of water where the light rays refracted through the curves of laptop which forms
rainbows. One practical application of this concept in our daily lives are glasses. Glasses helps
people like me to see better or fix our eyesights.