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ACE Examinations

Student Name: _______________________

2016

YEAR 12

YEARLY EXAMINATION

Mathematics General 2

General Instructions

Total marks - 100

Reading time - 5 minutes

Working time - 2.5 hours

Write using black or blue

25 marks
Attempt Questions 1-25

pen

Allow about 35 minutes for this section

Board-approved calculators
may be used

Section I

Section II

75 marks
provided at the back of this Attempt Questions 26-30
Allow about 1 hour 55 minutes for
paper
this section
Show relevant mathematical
A formula and data sheet is

reasoning and/or
calculations in Questions 2630

HSC Mathematics General 2

Section I
25 marks
Attempt Questions 1 - 25
Allow about 35 minutes for this section
Use the multiple-choice answer sheet for Questions 1-25

A cube has sides of length 7.8 cm. What is the surface area of the cube?
(A) 46.8 cm2
(B) 243.36 cm2
(C) 365.04 cm2
(D) 474.552 cm2

Emily has a laptop with a 500 GB hard drive. She buys an external 2 TB hard drive to
backup her laptop. Which statement is true?
(A) The external hard drive has half the capacity needed to backup her laptop.
(B) The external hard drive has a quarter of the capacity needed to backup her laptop.
(C) The external hard drive has twice the capacity needed to backup her laptop.
(D) The external hard drive has four times the capacity needed to backup her laptop.

Which of the following expressions is equivalent to 2 x 3 x 4 x ?


(A) 9x
(B)

9x 3

(C)

24x

3
(D) 24x

The volume of the reservoir is shown below.

Which of the following is the correct approximation for volume using one application
of Simpson s rule?
(A) 108 m3
(B) 260 m3
(C) 515 m3
(D) 772.5 m3

HSC Mathematics General 2

The time-and-a-half rate of pay for casual work is $37.20 per hour.
What is the normal rate of pay per hour?
(A) $18.60
(B) $24.60
(C) $24.80
(D) $27.90

The radar chart shows the number of guests each month staying at a resort.

How many months had fewer guests than in May?


(A) 4 months
(B) 5 months
(C) 6 months
(D) 7 months
7

A mobile phone plan has a monthly charge of $49 on a 24-month contract.


The call rate is $0.87 per 60-second block plus there is a $0.20 flagfall.
What is the cost of making a five-minute call?
(A) $1.87
(B) $4.35
(C) $4.55
(D) $53.55

HSC Mathematics General 2

The following table shows ordered pairs for the equation y 2 x 3 .

Which of the following graphs represents the equation y 2 x 3 ?


(A)
(B)

(C)
(D)

HSC Mathematics General 2

Benjamin was driving at a speed of 60 km/h and reaction time of 0.55 seconds.
What is the stopping distance using the formula

(A) 10 m
(B) 20 m
(C) 30 m
(D) 40 m

5Vt V 2

18 170 ?

HSC Mathematics General 2

10 There are 7 scores in a data set. One of the scores is an outlier. Which of the mean,
mode, median or interquartile range will be most influenced by the outlier?
(A) Mean
(B) Mode
(C) Median
(D) Interquartile range
11 Samuel buys a new heater which is rated at 3 500 watts. He uses it on 100 days of the
year for an average of 9 hours per day. Electricity costs are $0.28 per kilowatt-hour.
What would the heater cost to run for the year?
(A) $2.52
(B) $252.00
(C) $315.00
(D) $882.00
12 Youngs rule can be used to calculate a child's medicine dose.
where C is the child's dose (in mL), n is the age of the
nA
C
child (in years) and A is the adult dose (in mL)
n 12
Young's rule is:
What is the adult dose if the child dose for a 3 year old is 12 mL?
(A) 50 mL
(B) 60 mL
(C) 70 mL
(D) 80 mL
3y 1
7
13 Solve the equation 2
.

(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

13
3

y5
y

16
3

y 12

14 Five people stand in line for a group photo.


How many possible arrangements of positions are there?
(A) 5
(B) 33
(C) 120
(D) 720

HSC Mathematics General 2

15 Sydney has coordinates (34S, 151E) and Buenos Aires has coordinates (34S, 58W).
Which of these statements is true about the time difference between these two cities?
(A) Sydney is 13 hours 56 minutes ahead of Buenos Aires.
(B) Buenos Aires is 6 hours 12 minutes ahead of Sydney.
(C) Buenos Aires is 6 hours 20 minutes ahead of Sydney.
(D) Sydney is 13 hours 48 minutes ahead of Buenos Aires.
16 Ryan has just received his credit card statement. He has been charged a flat rate of
interest of 18% per annum on his outstanding balance of $530, which was outstanding
for 30 days. Ryan has noticed errors on his credit card statements before and wishes to
check the amount of interest he should have been charged. Which calculation should he
use?
0.05
$530
30
100
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

$530

18
30
100

$530

0.05
30
365

$530

18
30
365

17 Using the sine rule, find an expression for the length of AB.

13sin 76o
sin 41o
(A)

(B)

(C)

13sin 41o
sin 63o

sin 41o
o
(D) 13sin 80

13sin 76
sin 63o

18 There are 30 students sitting for a test. The mean is 60 and the standard deviation is 14.
Daniel missed the exam and completed it the next day. He received a score of 61.
Which of the following statements is correct?
(A) The mean will decrease and the standard deviation will increase.
(B) The mean will decrease and the standard deviation will decrease.
(C) The mean will increase and the standard deviation will increase.
(D) The mean will increase and the standard deviation will decrease.
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HSC Mathematics General 2

HSC Mathematics General 2

19 The data in the scatterplot compares the heights of some children with the amount of
space in their lungs.

What relationship is suggested by the data between the heights of the children and their
lung space?
(A) Perfect positive correlation
(B) Weak negative correlation
(C) Strong positive correlation
(D) No correlation
20 The length of a driveway was measured to be 5.327 metres using a tape measure.
Calculate the percentage error for this measurement correct to three decimal places.
(A) 0.009 %
(B)

0.094 %

(C)

0.500 %

(D) 0.533 %
21 Hannahs water usage in one day was 55 L shower, 40 L toilet, 38 L tap and 7 L
washing machine. What percentage water usage is for the washing machine?
(A) 5%
(B) 7%
(C) 43 %
(D) 140%

HSC Mathematics General 2

22 The closed cylinder below has a radius of r cm and a height of 2r cm.

What expression correctly gives the surface area of the cylinder?


2
(A) 6 r

(B)

2 r 2 2 r

(C)

2 r 2 4 r

2
(D) 4 r 2 r

23 Simplify 2(3a 1) 2( a 5) .
(A) 4a 6
(B)

4a 4

(C)

4a 12

(D) 4a 8
24 Isaac plays a game involving the tossing of two coins. The rules of the game are:
Two heads wins $25.
One head and one tail wins $10.
Two tails wins nothing.
What is the financial expectation for this game?
(A) $6.25
(B) $11.25
(C) $20.00
(D) $35.00
25 Sophia borrows $4 800 for a trip to New Zealand. She repays the loan over 2 years at an
interest rate of 6% p.a. compounding monthly. What is Sophias monthly instalment?
(A) $200.00
(B) $224.72
(C) $225.43
(D) $5410.37

10

HSC Mathematics General 2

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HSC Mathematics General 2

Section II
75 marks
Attempt Questions 26 30
Allow about 1 hour and 55 minutes for this section
Answer the questions in the spaces provided.
Your responses should include relevant mathematical reasoning and/or calculations.

Question 26 (15 marks)

Marks

(a)

Solve the equation 5 y 3 8 .

(b)

The diagram below shows a swimming pool design. The design consists of a
semicircle and a right triangle. The length of the pool is 13 metres and one of
the straight sides is 5 metres.

(i)

Calculate the length of the straight side marked x.

(ii)

Calculate the total perimeter of the swimming pool.


Answer correct to one decimal place.

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HSC Mathematics General 2

(c)

(d)

Jack needs to buy a pump to send water from the dam (D) up to the water
tank (T) near his house. The angle of elevation from the dam to the water
tank is 35, and the straight-line distance up the hill is 150 metres.

(i)

Calculate the 'lift height' (AT) from the dam to the tank.

(ii)

A shop sells two different pumps.


Pump X costs $950 and has a 'lift height' of 70 metres.
Pump Y costs $1150 and has a 'lift height' of 80 metres.
Which pump should Jack buy? Give a reason for your answer.

Joshua takes out a $14,000 loan over 36 months.


The repayment rate is $485.38 per month.
(i)
How much will Joshua pay back altogether?

(ii)

What is the equivalent flat rate of interest for the loan?


Answer correct to two decimal places.

13

$35 plan

$55 plan

Monthly Access Fee

$35.00

$55.00

Included allowance

$500.00

$750.00

Connection fee - Flagfall

$0.40

$0.35

Call Rates (per minute)

$0.90

$0.85

HSC Mathematics General 2

(e)
The wheel below is spun around until it stops
on a number. The wheel is equally likely to

stop on any number.

(i)
What is the probability the wheel stops on 3?
1

(ii)
Find the probability the wheel stops on a number divisible by 4.
1

(f)
The table below shows two mobile phone plans.

14

HSC Mathematics General 2

(i)
What is the maximum number of free calls (1 min) on the $55 plan?
1

(ii)
Find the monthly charge for 420 calls (1 min) on the $35 plan?
1

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HSC Mathematics General 2

Question 27 (15 marks)

Marks

(a)

A scientist tags 600 birds in a forest. The next week he catches 800 birds and
notices that 200 have been tagged. Estimate how many birds are in the forest.

(b)

A formula relating a and b is given below.


a 2b3 16
Make b the subject of the formula.

(c)

A car is moving at a steady speed. When the speed is 80 km/h the car
consumes 5 litres of petrol for every 100 km travelled.
(i)
The petrol tank holds 70 litres. How many kilometres can the car
travel on a full petrol tank when its speed is 80 km/h?

(ii)

(d)

When the speed is 110 km/h the car consumes 30% more petrol.
Calculate the number of litres of petrol per 100 km consumed when
the car travels at 110 km/h.

The scale on an aerial photograph is given as 1 mm = 200 m.


If the length of land is 350 m, what is the map length between these points?

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HSC Mathematics General 2

(e)

(f)

A group of year 12 students completed a survey regarding the number of


hours of sleep per week. The results of the survey were normally distributed
with 95% of the students indicating they had between 44 and 56 hours of
sleep per week.
(i)
Determine the mean number of hours of sleep per week from the
group.

(ii)

What was the standard deviation?

(iii)

How many hours of sleep per week would a student from the group
have who recorded a z-score of 2.5?

(iv)

Determine the probability (as a percentage) that a student selected


from the group at random, would have between 53 and 59 hours of
sleep per week.

Cooper is a hospital patient who is given 1.5 litres of fluid over 8 hours.
What is the required drip rate in mL/h?

17

Time
(minut
es)

5
HSC Mathematics General 2

Volume (litres)

25

20

15

10

0
Question 28

(15 marks)
Marks

(a)
A full cylindrical can is losing water at a constant rate. The table below shows the volume of
water in the cylindrical can after t minutes.

(i)
Draw the graph connecting volume and time.
Let the horizontal axis be the time and the vertical axis the volume.
2

(ii)
The equation v dt c represents the volume (v) of water in the cylindrical can after t
minutes. What are the values of c and d?
2

(iii)
Find the amount of water in the can after 90 seconds.
1

18

HSC Mathematics General 2

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HSC Mathematics General 2

(b)

The length in metres of a sound wave varies inversely with the number of
vibrations of the wave per second. A wave of length 21.25 metres produces
16 vibrations per second.
(i)
What is the proportionality constant?

(ii)

Calculate the number of vibrations per second produced by a wave of


length 13.6 metres.

(c)

What is the y-intercept of the least-squares regression line given m 0.6 ,


x 50 and y 65 ?

(d)

The probability that a patient will be cured of a particular infection when


treated with an antibiotic is 0.9. Two patients with this infection are treated
with this antibiotic.
(i)
What is the probability one patient will be cured but not the other?

(ii)

What is the probability at least one patient will be cured?

20

HSC Mathematics General 2

(e)

A cylindrical tank contains water to a depth of 1.8 metres. The volume of


water in the tank is 12,000 litres.
(i)
Find the radius of the tank.
Answer correct to 3 decimal places.

(ii)

The tank has a small hole and water is leaking out at the rate of 20mL
per minute. The leaking water drips into a 8L container.
How long will it take before the container is completely full?
(Give your answer in hours and minutes.)

21

HSC Mathematics General 2

Question 29 (15 marks)


(a)

(b)

Marks

Two points A and B are on the circumference of a circular sports ground


o
where 0 is the centre of the ground and AOB 120 . The radius of the
ground is 50 metres.

(i)

Use the cosine rule to calculate the length between A and B to the
nearest metre.

(ii)

Calculate the area of the triangle AOB to the nearest square metre.

(iii)

What is the size of BAO ?

(iv)

What is the true bearing of A from B if B is due east of O?

Scarlett receives a 10% discount at the furniture warehouse.


When she bought a lounge from the warehouse Scarlett paid $3600.
What is the normal price of the lounge?

22

HSC Mathematics General 2

(c)

Beijing is located at (40N 116E) and Perth is located at (32S 116E).


(i)
What is the difference in latitude between these two cities?

(ii)

Find the distance between these two cities. Give your answer to the
nearest kilometre.

(iii)

A plane left Beijing for Perth at 6:30 pm on Tuesday (Beijing time).


The flying time from Beijing to Perth is eleven hours. When the plane
landed in Perth, what was the local time and what day was it?

(iv)

What is the difference between Greenwich Mean Time and Beijing


time? (Ignore time zones.)

(d)

Amelia weighs 48 kg. On Saturday night she had 4 standard drinks in 2


hours. Show that her BAC was more than 0.08 after her last drink.

(e)

2
What is the value of x in the formula x 3ab when a 7 and b 3.8 ?

23

HSC Mathematics General 2

Question 30
(15 marks)
Marks

(a)
James borrowed $558 000 at 5% p.a. reducible interest. The interest is charged monthly and
the monthly repayment is $2800. The table below shows the amounts owing during the first
month.
Principal
Months (n)
Interest (I)
P+I
P+IR
(P)
1

$558 000.00

$2325.00

$560 325.00 $557 525.00

(i)
What is the principal at the
beginning of the second

3
month?
1

(ii)
How much is owed at the end of the second month?
1

(iii)
Calculate the interest to be paid at the beginning of the third month?
1

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HSC Mathematics General 2

(iv)
How much is owed at the end of the third month?
1

(b)
Solve these equations simultaneously.
2
5 x 2 y 16

x y 1

25

HSC Mathematics General 2

(c) Lucy received a threatening email. It was analysed by the police. The number
of words per sentence was counted and summarised in the table below.
Number of words per
sentence

Frequency

Total

30

(i)

How many sentences were in this email?

(ii)

How many sentences contained more than six words?

(iii)

Calculate the median number of words per sentence.

(iv)

Construct a frequency histogram of the number of words per sentence.

26

HSC Mathematics General 2

27

HSC Mathematics General 2

(d)
The table below shows the present value of a $1 annuity.

Present value of $1
Period

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

12%

0.98

0.96

0.94

0.93

0.91

0.89

1.94

1.89

1.83

1.78

1.74

1.69

2.88

2.78

2.67

2.58

2.49

2.40

3.81

3.63

3.47

3.31

3.17

3.04

(i)
What would be the present value of a $7 500 per year annuity at 10% per annum for 3 years,
with interest compounding yearly?
1

(ii)
What is the value of an annuity that would provide a present value of $27,633 after 2 years at
6% per annum compound interest?
1

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HSC Mathematics General 2

(iii)
An annuity of $2000 each six months is invested at 12% per annum, compounded biannually
for 2 years. What is the present value of the annuity?
2

End of paper

29

HSC Mathematics General 2

FORMULAE AND DATA SHEET


Financial Mathematics

Data Analysis

Simple interest

Mean of a sample

I Prn

P
r
n

is initial amount
is interest rate per period, expressed as a
decimal

sum of scores
number of scores

z-score
For any score

x,

is number of periods

xx
s

Compound interest

A P (1 r ) n
A

is final amount

is initial amount

is interest rate per period, expressed


as a decimal

is number of compounding periods

FV
(1 r ) n

is mean

is standard deviation

Outlier(s)
score(s) less than QL 1.5 IQR or
score(s) more than QU + 1.5 IQR

QL is lower quartile

Present value and future value

PV

QU is upper quartile

FV PV (1 r )n

is interest rate per period, as expressed


as a decimal

is number of compounding periods

IQR is interquartile range


Least-squares line of best fit

y gradient x y -intercept
gradient r

Straight-line method of depreciation

S V0 Dn

is salvage value of asset after

y -intercept y (gradient x )

n periods

V0 is initial value of asset

r
x

is amount of depreciation per period

is number of periods

Declining-balance method of depreciation

S V0 (1 r )

is depreciation rate per period,

is mean of

x score

is mean of

y scores

approximately 68% of scores have

z-scores between 1 and 1

approximately 95% of scores have

z-scores between 2 and 2

expressed as a decimal

is correlation coefficient

Normal distribution

S is salvage value of asset after n periods


V0 is initial value of asset
r

standard deviation of y scores


standard deviation of x scores

approximately 99.7% of scores have

z-scores between 3 and 3

is number of periods

30

HSC Mathematics General 2

Spherical Geometry
Circumference of a circle

Surface Area
Sphere

C 2 r or C d

A 4 r 2

is radius

r is radius

d is diameter
Arc length of a circle

Closed cylinder

2 r
360

A 2 r 2 2 rh

r is radius
is number of degrees in central angle

r is radius
h is perpendicular height

Volume
Radius of Earth
(taken as) 6400

Prism or cylinder

V Ah

km

r is radius
h is perpendicular height

Time differences
For calculation of time differences using
longitude: 15 = 1 hour time difference

Pyramid or cone

1
V Ah
3

Area

A is area of the base


h is perpendicular height

Circle

A r2
r is radius

Volume and capacity


unit conversion: 1

Sector

r2
360

r is radius
is number of degrees in central angle

m3 = 1000 L

Approximation Using Simpsons Rule


Area

h
df

Annulus

A = (R2 r 2 )

h
(d f 4d m d l )
3

distance between successive measurements


is first measurement

R is radius of outer circle

dm is middle measurement

r is radius of inner circle

dl

Trapezium

is last measurement

Volume

h
A (a b)
2

h is perpendicular height

h distance between successive measurements


AL is area of left end

a and b are the lengths of the parallel sides


Area of land and catchment areas
unit conversion: 1

h
( AL 4 Am AR )
3

AM is area of middle

ha = 10 000 m2

AR is area of right end

31

HSC Mathematics General 2

Trigonometric Ratios

Blood Alcohol Content Estimates


BAC Male

(10 N 7.5H )
6.8M
or

BAC Female

(10 N 7.5 H )
5.5M

sin =

opposite side
hypotenuse

N
H

is number of standard drinks consumed


is number of hours of drinking

cos =

adjacent side
hypotenuse

is persons mass in kilograms

tan =

opposite side
adjacent side

Distance, Speed and Time


D ST , S

Sine rule

average speed

In ABC

D
D
,T
T
S

total distance travelled


total time taken

reaction-time

distance

a
b
c

sin A sin B sin C

stopping distance

braking

distance

Cosine rule
In ABC

Probability of an Event
c 2 a 2 b 2 2ab cos C

The probability of an event where outcomes are


equally likely is given by:

or

cos C

a2 b2 c2
2ab

Units of Memory and File Size


1 byte = 8 bits

P(event)

Straight Lines
Gradient

1 kilobyte = 210 bytes = 1024 bytes

1 megabyte = 220 bytes = 1024 kilobytes


1 gigabyte = 230 bytes = 1024 megabytes

number of favourable outcomes


total number of outcomes

vertical change in position


horizontal change in position

Gradientintercept form

y mx b

1 terabyte = 240 bytes = 1024 gigabytes

32

is gradient

is y-intercept

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