March 1990 1S 12727 + 1989 ( Reaffirmed 1995 ) Indian Standard NO-FINES CAST /N SITU CEMENT CONCRETE — CODE OF PRACTICE areca ara wart Tt ares wT vga dite sate cary — Ofer afgat UDC 666:972128 : 006-76 ® BIS 1990 BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG NEW DELHI 110002 Price Group 4Building Gonstruction Practices Sectional Committee, BDC 13 FOREWORD This Indian Scandard was adopted by the Bureaw of Indian Standards on 20 July 1989, after the deofi finalized by tho Building Construction Practices Sectional Cammittee had heen anproverl by the Civil Engineering Division Council No-fines cement concrete has highly permeable mas: with large air spaces. It is an agglomeration of conrse aggregate particles cach eurrounded by a coating of coment paste, up to haut 1°25 mm thick, As the aggregates tn be used is almest single sized which results in formation of enough voids and thus preserve fis most important properties of light weight and eliainating rise of dampnois ReBrer cemesr sanriecrag: he wed fn fonadetion nf well ar dna phen lime concrete where elimination of rise of salt and moisture is desirable. No-fines coment concreic has great potentiality ac a wubstitute for brick masonry whore good bricks are not available (specially in black cvtton soil or hill zone). Further, the thermal conductivity of a wal] made of no-fines conerete with conventional aggregates and a wall of solid brickwork of the same chicknes: is about the same. It may also be used in wall founda concrete, conerete under floors end in damp proof course, For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this standard is complied with, the final value, observed or calculated, expressing the result of a vest or analysis, shall be rounded off im accordance with TS :2-1960 "Ruler for rounding off numerical values ( reiced'. The number of significant places rained in the rounded oll value shonld be the same a that of the as his standard,1S 12727 : 1989 Indian Standard NO-FINES CAST IN SITU CEMENT CONCRETE — CODE OF PRACTICE 1 SCOPE Al This code covers the preparation and laying of no-fines east in situ cemon: comerete used fur walls, foundations and eliminating cise of dampness, 2 REFERENCES 21 The Indian standards listed in Annex A are ‘nocesuary adjuncts to this standard. 3 TERMINOLOGY S41 Por the purpose of this standard, the ‘definitions given in 18 4845 : 1968 and 18 6461 (Pars 1, 25 to 10) shall generally apply in addition to the (allowing. 3.2 Aggregate Cement Ratio The ratio weight of coarse aggregate to weiyht ‘of coment is called the aggregate cement ratio. 3.3 No-Finea Concrete No-fines coneree is composed of coarse swarogate cement and water only, 4 MATERIALS 4.1 Cement ‘The cement used shall conform ty 18 260 : 1976, IS 148921876 or IS 455:1976 and T§ Bost: 1978, 42 Agsregate 4.21 Generat ‘The aggregate consists of crushed stone aggregate, vatural siagle or brick ballast from slightly over burat bricks ar brick bats It should be homogeneous in texture and roughly cubieat in shape. "Ihe aggregete ta be tes! tn the concrete ehvuld be uniformly of the same sve ‘The aygregates should) conform to 35 383: 1970, SLE Size of Aggregate The aygeegate would be pominally goaded fram Aditam o: 20 mm, Whichover size fs used, the proportions of eversied and vnclersiged material Taust be epi as low as posible, reverally “oversize aud undersize moveral should not be used more than 5 percent ancl 10 percent respectively. KOT — 10 wrre aggregates way be weed but it equines sore quancity of cement 423 Brick Ratlast No under burnt bricks ov JHAMA bricks shall be tied under any vizemtances, The brick ballast should be broken preferably at site of work. After immersion ia cold water for 24 hours, absorption shall not excoed twelve Percent. 4.24 Stone Batlast Ik should be hard strong, dense, curable, clean and of proper size and fice from, weather effects. Any skin and coating are Ukcly to Feovent proper, adleon uf extn, oft chin laky alongated or laminates) pieces shall be avoided. The flakiness index should not exceed 15 percent. Stone shail have mo deleterious reaction, 4.3 Water The water co be ysed for mixing and curing shell conform to 4.3 of 18 456 : 1978. 5, PRODUCTION AND CONTROL OF CONGRETE, SAL Soaking ‘The brick ballast shall be well soaked in clean water for a period of ar least six hours before Gument mined Phe beak babs should be ‘or stone skin dry at the time of mixing. Dallas no soaking is oaceacary. 5:2 Quantity of Water For 4 given aggregate coment ratie there is only fone Water cement ratio which gives. the maximum strength of conerste, This is culled oplimim water cement ratio. Optimum water gement ratia for various mixes are given in Table 1. ‘Phe proportions af coment io aggregate ond water should fe selected so thal the aggregate parzicles in ihe jigal comerete aro coated with cement and water Pade; ad the Pasce should adhere to the aggregain andl the coated cane agyregate particle should make woint ta point contact 19 ensure bonding of the particles 10 meet the compressive strengtl,1S 12727 : 1989 Table 1 Strength of Various Mixes (Using Portland Cement) (Clauses 5.2 and 5.4} Ca a Sten sinhess om Nimmnt : . mn vs x NOTE ~ The values give in shin ble are only for guidance und shall be checked # sit with actual mix, requirements without the interstices between the aggregate particles being blocked with cement paste, S24 The most appropriate proportions shoutd te deteraained partly na tho barf of experience and partly on the compressive surangib. Unlike normal concrete the no-fines concrete is vary sensitive with respect to. water content and therefore the correct water content raust be determined by tisk mixes. The brick uilast being water absorbent, the effective water cement ratio is thus variable and not easy to determine. This may load to excossively wet or dry mixes boing wsod. For brick aggregate normally 33 percent water by welght of Gement may be added to the satuated skin dry aggregate. 5.2.2 Ivis important to maintain water cement ratio consteat a4 its vorrect value. To tds endl deteranination of moisture contems shall be made as frequently as possibte, 5.3 Mixing ‘Mixing shall be done in mechanical mixers only. ‘The mixer shall comply with 1S 1792 : 1968. With drum mixer it ix advisable to panr some water into the drum before the dey material is added. | Thereafter the measured quantity of aggregaces (thoroughly soaked buc skin dry in ae e Sede ballad only) amd cement shall be poured in the drum af mixer while it is revalving. The remaining water ehall be added slowly up to the required quantity and wet mixing of the batch shalibe continued for at Feat one minute Gill a uniform mix ig obtained NOTE = rlundusising aisy be permitted for sult ‘quantities. 5 Strength SAL The strength of various mixes using port: land cement are given in Table 1. 6 FORM WORK G.I No-fines concrete practically do not impart hydrostatic prestre on side shetters and, therc~ fore, shuttering required is lighter and. eenniomies! ae compared ta common concrete Foruwork should be designed and should be either of wooden planking with or without sieel sheet llning or of steel plates stiffened by steel angles. ‘The formwork should be properly fixed and stiffened to avoid any chances a? bulging. Formwork should have smooth and even surface und joints, It should not require ny fi 1g of timbers ou dhe site, but should consist of standard and inter chaugeable uni seculdl by bulls ve auetat clips or other fixings which can be handled quickly by unskilled labour and reused many times without deterioration. The main purpose of these requirements is to obtain the spoed of building, economy in form work, coals and ease ef erection and removal by unskilied labour when concrete is poured ix-stu, The completed form work shall be inspected and approved by enginger-in-charge before the work is started. ‘The surfaces of thnber shuttering that would come in contact with concreie shall be well set_ und coated soap solution applied etore sonereting is done. Form work muy normally be removed after three days. ? TRANSPORTING, PLACING, COMPACT- ING, CURING, WOREMANSHLP 7A Tronspertiag Conerete shall be transported trom the amines to ate of work by methods which will preveot Sougregation ot low of any of ve uugredients maintaining the sequiced warkulaility. Tt must not be allowed to set and then be used with ihe addition of [ucther water to give workabslity. FAA During hoi or cold weather concre:e shail be wansported in deep convainers, Orhor sit able methods to reduce the Ins: of water byevaporation in hot weather and heat loss in cold weather may also be adopted. 72 Placing TAA The concrete should be poured in hori zontal inyers proceeding continuously around the building. “Concrete should not be allowed to pile up at a dope in tho form work while further deliveries since this practice results in a diagonal line of weakness. While laying care should be taken tae coment shurry does not separate oui and all ballast is uniformly coated with a cement layer. The conerete should he placed as coon as posible after mixing. NOTES A he minionvea thisinen of 9 sepgctural load bensiag {el of norines concrete ball be 230 ta, 2 Thickues af placing cunerete in a wail should mot ‘exceed S00 ms. 7,3 Compaction 7.2.1 Vibrators shall not he used for compaction of ne-fines concrete. 7.3.2 Norfines concrete is compacted by rod or gentle ramming. 7.3.3 No watcr shait he added during ramming. Ramming should be done by one or moro Hines ‘of men arranged across the width of the conc veto with a lateral space of not more than O'S meer. Square rammers shall be used for corners. ‘74 Caring Af curing is inadequate no fines cement concrete will loose its water contents resulting in incom- plete hydration ul cement which will came disintegration of concrete. Freth concrete is extremely stuuitive to intense sunshine and wind and must be protected by amp shee: covers and by spraying with ample water; spraying should not be started too early since it may wash off the cement from the surface. Spraying must be inaimaimed for at least seven days, 7.5 Workmanship 75.0 The no-fines conerete should be used under the supervision of a qualified person. However precautions as given in ZS (0 73.3 shonld he kept in view while using no-fines concrete, FB Construction Fotnts in Wally ing work in tormal The bond twiwnen new and éx ‘no-fines conerrin is weaker than 18 12727 : 1989 concrete. For this reason the following precaue tions may be taken in case of joints in walls. TSA Vertical joints Vertical of raking construction joinis should not be permitted ia this material except where expaneion joints are to be formed, If vertical construction joints are permitted near an external angle of ihe building these will seriously weaken the surface structure. PBAZ Horizontal joinss There should be a: few horitental constriction Joints as posible, and in consequonce lif should be of full sorey height Ta forming horizontal joints, the exposed fags of thesite uoaciete should be clearea choronghly, thar is with 2 wire brush and treated with 3 nent cement slurry applied by meant of a brvsh The new concrete should be poured imnie- diately. Gare should be taken 10 ensure that elds ue fled at the foot of hf. particularly where joint ends. 7.52 Expansion Joints in Walls Cracks due to shrinkage and setting can be eliminated by applying expansion joints at 35m interval. 5.3 Wall Ties Interaction between floors and walls {s main- ‘ined by mild steel wall ties applied Ubroughout the building. inimum dimensions for wall ties are given in Table 2. Table 2 Wall Tie Sizes for No-Fines Concrete Walls Eengts oF "Mitanama Sines Building ‘of Two Rate forcing Bara 10 wo Ww » as ir ‘Wall tice are spread throughout the etevation and the cross ad pariicion wally Wall tet Tust not he interrupied by windows [such as sae se Mi atest exten ever pure ioe ene flocr level. The aver-lepping of hook and. Spliced tes is 500 mm. Wall ties eam be Bxed to the rainfurceisent of adjacent Moor or to titel Cracks at opening can be eliminated by placin, two 10 mm diameter mild. steel ban “uncer48 12727 : 1989 window sills (se Hig. 1) s0_as to overlap both sides of window rebate by 500 mm. Concrete cover is kept as 40 mm minimum and in order to prevent carrosion and improve bond charac- ‘teristics, the reinforcement must be treated with a thin layer of (about 3 mm thick) of cement slurry or paste. Wall ties with adequate stirrups are placed in curbs of suitable size whenever walls are of high strength no-finer concrete. 8 FIXINGS AND PROVISION FOR SERVICES Bil Fixings It is impracticable to nail into no-fines concrete, and fixing btocks, lugs or metal anchor plates. Lighter fittings, ‘pipor, thelves, ate, ean be sorewedl ur nailed ty einbedded wouder Mocks having been fastened to shuttering before pouring into the concrete. The heavier fittings for exwuple wash basins, etc, are usually bolied, to embedded meial anchor plates and wooden, bhocks. 8.2 Provision for Services Services should be planned in advance. All holes, chases, ducts and cavities for services should be formed by inserting suitable cores in the shuttering before casting the concrete. Cutting Giniched no-fines concrete for servicer should) be avoided since it is likely to lead to eavomive dauage. 9 FINISHING 9.1 Plastering Ne-fiues cvmcrete ceyuires the application eater” nally of @ treatment to full the dual purposes WINDOW OPENINGS 30 min 500 of forming a bassier to the penetration of rain as also of decoration. The internal surface requires plastering for presenting a smooth and even appearance. Both internal and external walls may be plastered. ‘The internal walls and inside of walls may be plastered. ‘he plasteriug is 10 to 12 mm thick and is done in two layers, ‘The layer thickness and sand grading recom- mendations for plastering arc given in Table 3, Table 3 Thickness and dund Grading of Plastering Mortar Layer ‘Thielena Sand Grading A Pricked 203 One 2 Floaung Swe dio lor O12 92 The composition of plastering mertor is given in Table 4. Table 4 Composition of Flastering Mortar ( by Loose Volume } 10 PRECAUTIONS: 10,0 The precautions as given in 10,1 to 10,3 especially lor walling work should be observed. “STEEL BARS i ew ian rete BARS 2- "10 — WALL THICKNESS, Alsliuieusiva i nillionetres. Fa. | ‘TypicAL Devaus ur RainroncemaNt ar Wixnow Orne10.1 Provision of Weep Hole: Due to its very navure water does not penetrate no-fines concrete by capillary action. There is however, the danger of waver entering she wall due to faulty detailing of windows and door opening ar throngh eracks in rendering on account of use of cement rich mix for rendering. However water entering the wall through either of these taults will drain towards the foot of the wall where at flows away through deep holes. ‘These must be provided above the damp proof course and kept clear of obriruction. Where lintels imrervenes, these must be tnclined over part of their surface downwards tnwards the out side face of the wall and rhe normal prcoaulivus uf inverting a damp proof source taut be taken, otherwise draining water is jikely to be diverted to the inside of the wall. The dsmp and course should not be wholly sloped towards the outer face and at least two thirds of the aren should from a level bearing, 10.2 Provision of Reinforcement The drying shrinkage of no-fines concrete is about one hail that of ordinary concrete con- taining similar coarse aggregate. ‘Therefore the placing of these swo concrete together should be avoided in order to cheek the cracking through differential shrinkage movements. Bince there is = concentration of streses at the curners of the windewa aud dour openinys, these sputs in no-fines conuele walls até aficr a source of weakness. Reinforcement may there- fore be placed at wall openings. It may even be desirable to provide ordinary reinforced Bntels over such openings. Wherever reinfinr- cement is used, it should be coated with a thin layer of cement slurry to improve the bond stv weggtle weal alse dev ari ve as means of prateesion against corresivn. 10.4 Concreting Under Special Conditions ‘Work in extreme weather conditions during bot or cold weather the concreting showld be done ax per the procedure set out in 18 786] (Part 1): 1971 or 13 786] (Part 2) : 1981. 11 SAMPLING AND STRENGTH TEST OF CONCRETE . MA General - Sample from the fresh concrete shall be taken fs por IS 1100; LU99, which is plaved and com pacied in two equal layers, Each layer is amped by ten bivws of standard aamper (see Fig. 2). ‘The mould shall he preivided with 2 rier of 95mm height to guide the tamper 1S 12727 1 1989 bearing plate. It shall consist of metal angles welded together to form a 150 mm square frame aad shall be secured 19 the top of the mould by iwo screws threaded through lugs welded to awo opposite sides of the frame. “The riser of the mould shail then be removed and che sur= face of the cancrete he trowelled to obtain a reasonably true fae. The cubes are cured at ¥W percent relative humidity and at a temperature of 2/ + 2°C for 24 hours in the mould, Cuber shali Le demoul- ded if suffclently strong, otherwise kepc in tho mould for a further period of 24 hours. After demenlding, the cubes shall be marked for identification. ‘Phey shall he immersed in water for just sufficieut time to ensure thal they are thoroughly wetted. After draining they shall be placed in a polythene bag which shall he sealed to prevent los of moisture. They chall bo xured at a temperature of 27 -+ 2°C until time of testing. The cuhes shall he tested as per 19516" Tis9. Thee 28-day cube strength’ of no-fines concrete, the 7 days and 99° days strength shall be around 0°55 fe and 113 fc respectively. A deviation of 4: 10 percent is ‘permistible in those values, 11.2 Frequency of Sampling It shall be in accordance with 14.2,1 and 14.2.2 of 18 456 : 1978 as applicable in case of plain ‘and reinforced concrete ® 113 Test Specimen It shall conform to 143 vf 19456: 1978 as applicable to plain and reinforeed concrete, 18.4 Test Strength of Sample ‘The ten: strength shall be average of the strengil of three specimens. 115 Other Strength ‘The other strengihs of the no-fines concrore depends upon its 28 days cube strengch. ‘These are approximately as follows: ‘Teusile strength oleh Flexural strength O25 fe Cylinder strenge OGL Bond strengeh 019f Whore fe is 28 days cube strength, A variation of 410 percent is permissible in these values. ‘o-firies canerei wall fails in enmpression at ahout half the cube strength of the cancrate18 12727 + 1989 SeTSCREW LANA yeT HOLES + o8 y MASS OF RAMMERZ-2 ky TOTAL MASE OF TAMPER {ie RAMMER, GUIDE TUBE & BEARING PLATE} (0 kg [pen suid twee i I \ \ | uengti or [et : TRAVEL OF HAMMER 308 {LS Hots 1 \ | I I 1 |_-—eaMMe R }_ RUBBER GASKET 1-6 mm THICK ne A ue vent HOLE 5 BEARING PLATE 107 8045 THICK EXTENSION PIECES LOCATING. be ‘SCREW ws. 2150 CUBE MOULD ASE PLATE All dimensions in millimetres. Fro. 2 Tveicat Apparatus ror No-Fines Coxrere Test Citius ANNEX A ( Clause 2.1) LIST GF REFERRED INDIAN STANDARDS: 5 No. Tite IS Mo, . Tin 269: 1976 Specification for ordinary and low 450: 1978 Gute of prucsiew for plain al heat portant vement — (third rainforced concrete { third terisian } reobon 983: 1970 Spucificarion for enarse and fine eonerete BIG: 1059 Methods af test for strength of aggregates from natural sources (99; 1954 Methods of sampling and analysis fin comerete {sound recison} Methods of 45571976 Specification for portland Jag 1489; 1976 Specification far portland poaso- cement { third resistor ) lane cement { secorit revision )15 12727 : 1983 15.0. This Is. Thie 1791: 1985 General requirements far hatch (Part 7): 1972 Mixing, laying, enmpact- type concrete mixers (second ion, curing and other construction revision} aspects 4845 : 1968 Definitions and terminology rela- (Wart &): 1973 Properties of concrete ting to hydraulic cement (Part 9}: 1972 Structural aspects 6461 Glossary of torms relating to (Part 10): 1973 Tests and testing apparatus coment concrete abit Unde of practice for extreme {Part 1}: 1972 Concret weather concreting aggregator i Part 1) £1971 Recomemndsd practice for (Hav 2) c1¥7 Massie louher chen ‘ hot Weather concreting (Part 2): 1981 Recommended practice for {Por 5} 11972 Formwork for conovete coll weather wuumersting (Pan 6):1972 fiquipment, tools and 0041; 1978 Rapid hardening poriland cement ‘plant | fest revision )Standard Mark | ‘The une of the Standard Mark is govrrmed by the provisions of the Berean uf Fndian Standards | 4c, 1906 snd the Kutes an? Regulations made thereunder, The Siandycd Mark an products covered by an Indina Standard eonveya the axsurance that (hey have been produced to comply with the reuuirements of that standard under 2 well clefined systom of inspection, tating and quality control which is devised and supervised by BIS and operated by the producer, Standard masked | products aro also continuously checked by BIS for conformity ta that standard as « further safe | guard, Derails of conuisivus under which a licence for the use of Standard Mark may be granted | fo manufaetavers ur producers may be obinined (roo ibe Burenu uf fudian Sinudcels, iBorean of Indien Standards BIS ina saturory institution established ander the Bureax of Indian Standards Act, 1985 vo promote harmonious development of the activities of standardization, marking and quulity certification of goods and attencing to connected matters in the country, Copyright BIS has the copyright of all its publications, No part of thats pubKeations may be reproduced ia any form without the prior ion in writing of BIS. 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