Professional Documents
Culture Documents
O
OpenSees
S
Pedro Arduino
University of Washington, Seattle
OpenSees
p
User Workshop,
p, Thursday
y Sept
p 2,, 2010
O tli
Outline
Take Advantage of tcl scripting!!
Simple example
Push over pile analysis
Layout of more advance scripts for:
Useful links
T k advantage
Take
d
t
off tcl
t l scripting!!
i ti !!
ttcll can be
b used
d tto develop
d
l
scripts
i t for
f
geotechnical applications.
Possible applications:
pp
Pushover analysis (p-y) including nonlinear pile
response (similar to lpile)
Free-field
ee e d analysis
a a ys s (including
( c ud g liquefiable
que ab e soil
so
conditions)- (similar to shake)
Pile load tests
Consolidation
Dynamic analysis of piles
Other .
B i E
Basic
Example
l
Response
Re
pon e of saturated
t
ted soil
oil element
to harmonic excitation
Define model g
geometry,
y,
materials & fixities
#############################################################
#############################################################
#create the ModelBuilder
model basic -ndm 2 -ndf 2
# define material and properties
nDMaterial PressureDependMultiYield 2 2 $massDen $G $B $fangle .1
1 80 0.5
05\
$ptangle 0.17 0.4 10 10 0.015 1.0
nDMaterial FluidSolidPorous 1 2 2 2.2D+6
updateMaterialStage -material 1 -stage 0
updateMaterialStage -material 2 -stage 0
# define the nodes
node 1 0.0D0 0.0D0
node 2 1.0D0 0.0D0
node 3 1.0D0 1.0D0
node 4 0.0D0 1.0D0
#d
define
fi
th
the element
l
t
thi
thick
k material
t i l
maTag
T
press
element quad 1 1 2 3 4 1.0 "PlaneStrain"
1 $press
# fix the base
fix 1 1 1
fix 2 1 1
#tie nodes 3 and 4
equalDOF 3 4 1 2
mDensity
D
it
gravity
it
0.
$unitWeightX $unitWeightY
Define g
gravity
y step
p
VERY IMPORTANT!!!
#############################################################
# GRAVITY APPLICATION (elastic behavior)
# create the SOE, ConstraintHandler, Integrator, Algorithm and Numberer
system ProfileSPD
test NormDispIncr 1.D-12 25 0
constraints Transformation
integrator LoadControl 1 1 1 1
algorithm Newton
numberer RCM
# create the Analysis
analysis Static
#analyze
analyze 2
# switch the material to plastic
updateMaterialStage -material 1 -stage 1
updateMaterialStage -material
material 2 -stage
stage 1
updateParameter -material 2 -refB [expr $G*2/3.];
#analyze
analyze 1
Pl t R
Plot
Results
lt
Input Accel time history
Pl t results
Plot
lt
Stress-strain & stress path
Pore pressures
Mobilized Pult
Free-Field Liquefaction
A l i using
Analysis
i OpenSees
O
S
Profile information layer depths, GWT depth, Dr for each layer,
and # of elements per layer
openShakeV5 tcl
openShakeV5.tcl
Input acceleration time histories file name, Dt,
and # steps
earthquakeV5.tcl
PDMYparametersV5.tcl computes material parameters for each
layer based on Dr and position w.r.t. GWT
openShakeAnalysisV5.tcl builds nodal mesh, defines layer materials
based on PDMY parameters, applies input acceleration to profile base,
and performs dynamic analysis
Layer 1, Dr
GWT
PDMY Parameters: ,
Gmax, Bmax, , PT angle,
contrac, dilat 1&2, liquefac
1 2
1,
2, & 3
Layer 2, Dr
Layer 3, Dr
= f(Dr)
0.1
Acc
0.08
0.06
0.04
0.02
0
-0. 02 0
-0. 04
-0. 06
10
20
30
40
-0. 08
-0. 1
.08
.06
.04
.02
0
.02 0
.04
.06
.08
-0. 1
10
20
30
Raw Data
Files:
1.0
Sa
Acc
accel.out,
disp.out,
1.stress,
1 strain
1.strain,
1.pressure,
-0.2
-0.4
10
20
3.pressure
10
20
30
40
10
10
10
15
15
15
100
100
0.5
Depth
.06
1.0
0
-0.2
-0.4
1.5
Sa
ReduceData.m
0.5
0
40
0.2
...
.08
30
0.4
Acc
recorderDisplayV5.tcl
15
1.5
0.2
-100
-1
100
-100
0
100
50
100
50
100
.04
10
20
30
.06
.04
.02
.02 0
.08
-0. 1
20
0.5
ru
20
0
0.25
max
0.5
20
10
-100
-1
dmax
(% )
-100
p'
Oth useful
Other
f l tcl
t l scripts
i t @
h
http://opensees.berkeley.edu/
//
b k l
d /
http://sokocalo.engr.ucdavis.edu/ jeremic
http://sokocalo.engr.ucdavis.edu/~jeremic
http://cyclic.ucsd.edu/opensees/
http://www.ce.washington.edu/~geotech/opensees
/PEER/davis
/
/da s_meeting/
eet g/
Soil 1
Soil 2
Soil 3
S il
Soil
pySimple1
quad
d / up94
94 quad
d element
l
t
PDMY material (+ FluidSolidPorous Material)
Pile
Interaction
zeroLength element
pySimple1, tzSimple1, qzSimple1, or liquefiable p-y
node
569 93.4180000000 27.3000000000
node
570 93.4180000000 27.5600000000
node
571 93.4180000000 27.8200000000
# ==============================================
# (2)
define nDmaterial for soil
# ==============================================
nDMaterial PressureDependMultiYield 51 2 1.66 100000.0 300000.0 37.000
updateMaterialStage -material
51 -stage 0
nDMaterial PressureDependMultiYield 52 2 1.66 100000.0 300000.0 37.000
updateMaterialStage -material
52 -stage 0
nDMaterial PressureDependMultiYield 53 2 1.66 100000.0 300000.0 37.000
updateMaterialStage -material
53 -stage 0
0.100
80.000
0.500 20.000
0.050
0.6
3.0
5.0
0.003 1.0
0.100
80.000
0.500 20.000
0.050
0.6
3.0
5.0
0.003 1.0
0.100
80.000
0.500 20.000
0.050
0.6
# ==============================================
# (3)
define quadElement for soil (max-10 soils)
# ==============================================
element
element
element
element
quad
quad
quad
quad
element quad
element quad
element quad
1
2
3
4
160
161
162
251
254
258
261
265
264
263
254
258
261
269
264
263
262
75
76
77
78
492
491
490
74
75
76
77
$eleThick
$eleThick
$eleThick
$eleThick
PlaneStrain
PlaneStrain
PlaneStrain
PlaneStrain
$matID1
$matID1
$matID1
$matID1
$p
$p
$p
$p
1.66
1.66
1.66
1.66
$gX
$gX
$gX
$gX
[expr
[expr
[expr
[expr
$gY/(1/1.66)]
$gY/(1/1.66)]
$gY/(1/1.66)]
$gY/(1/1.66)]
3.0 5.0
equalDof
0.003 1.0
# ==============================================
# (7)
define the fixity
# ==============================================
fix
111
fix
83 1 1
fix
262 1 1
fix
490 1 1
# ==============================================
# (8) create the analysis method & analyze
# ==============================================
system
ProfileSPD
test
NormDispIncr
algorithm
Newton
constraints Transformation
integrator
LoadControl 1 1 1 1
numberer
Plain
analysis
Static
analyze
# ==============================================
#(
(9)
) updateMaterialStage
p
g
# ==============================================
updateMaterialStage -material
51 -stage 1
updateMaterialStage -material
52 -stage 1
updateMaterialStage -material
53 -stage 1
equalDof
node
488 50.518000 35.100000
node
489 52.429000 33.410000
# =======================================
# (11) define nodes and mass for pile
# =======================================
mass
110
0.09410
0.09410
0.09410
mass
113
0
0.09410
09410
0.09410
0 09410
0.09410
0 09410
mass
486
0.59100
0.59100
0.59100
mass
487 328.60000 328.60000 328.60000
# ===============================
# (12) define element and material for pile
# ===============================
#--- elastic pile
geomTransf Linear 1
element elasticBeamColumn
element elasticBeamColumn
element elasticBeamColumn
163
164
165
334
388
474
equalDof
nonlinearBeamColumn
nonlinearBeamColumn
nonlinearBeamColumn
nonlinearBeamColumn
169
170
171
172
486
485
484
483
485
484
483
482
$integration_points
$integration_points
$integration_points
$integration_points
$section_tag
$section_tag
$section_tag
$section_tag
$trans_tag
$trans_tag
$trans_tag
$trans_tag
equalDOF
477
476 1 2
equalDOF
478
480 1 2
# ===============================
# (14) settime and wipeAnalysis
# ===============================
wipeAnalysis
loadConst -time 0.0
# ===============================
# (15) apply the weight of structures
# ===============================
set numStep_sWgt 100
pattern Plain 1 "Linear" {
load
110 0.000000 [expr 0.094100 /(-1/9.81)/$numStep_sWgt] 0.000000
load
113 0.000000 [expr 0.094100 /(-1/9.81)/$numStep_sWgt] 0.000000
l d
load
486 0.000000 [[expr 0.591000 /(
/(-1/9.81)/$numStep_sWgt]
/
)/$
] 0.000000
load
487 0.000000 [expr 328.600000 /(-1/9.81)/$numStep_sWgt] 0.000000
}
# ===============================
# (16) Recorder (selfWgt steps)
# ===============================
recorder Node
-file ./data/$f1/displacement_gStep.out -time -node all -dof 1 2 disp
recorder
d El
Element -file
fil ./data/$f1/stress1_gStep.out
/d
/$f1/
1 S
-time
i
-eleRange
l R
1
162 material
i l 1 stress
# ===============================
# (17) analysis method
# ===============================
constraints Penalty 1.0e12 1.0e12
test
NormDispIncr 1e-6 10 0
algorithm
Newton
numberer
b
Pl
Plain
i
system
ProfileSPD
integrator
LoadControl 1 1 1 1
analysis
Static
analyze $numStep_sWgt
equalDof
equalDof
# ===============================
# (20)
analysis method
# ===============================
constraints
Penalty 1.0e12 1.0e12
test
NormDispIncr 1e-4 10 0
algorithm
Newton
numberer
Plain
system
ProfileSPD
integrator
Newmark 0.6 0.3025 0.0 0.0 0.001 0.0
analysis
Transient
analyze
4096 0.0127
Two-column Bent
Northridge motion
motion, amax = 0.25g
0 25g
Northridge motion
motion, amax = 0.74g
0 74g
Two-column Bent
Northridge motion
motion, amax = 0.25g
0 25g
Northridge motion
motion, amax = 0.74g
0 74g
Two-span bridge
Two-span bridge
Two-span bridge
Bent-S
Bent-L
Bent-M
Thousands of runs!!!
Performance Based
Earthquake Engineering
1 embankment
2 med. stiff clay
61 p
pile
group
3 loose-med sand
4 stiff clay
32 pile
group
5 dense sand
open-ended
open
ended steel pipe pile
( = 2 ft, t = 0.5 in.)
py spring
(dry sand)
abutment
reaction spring
clay
py
(liquefiable)
liquefiable
q
soil
py (stiff clay)
Nonlinear fiber
beam column
Pressure Independent
Multi Yield material
Pressure Dependent
Multi Yield material
+
Fluid Solid Porous
material
prestressed
reinforced conc
bridge
(type 1 22ft)
connection
abutment
Pile group
3x2
displacement
20 cm
90 cm
ru
3D Pil
Pile A
Analysis
l i
Solid-Solid Model
Beam-Solid Model
Compare results
3x Magnification
3D Modeling Approach
The soil is modeled with brick elements and a Drucker-Prager
constitutive model to capture pressure-dependent strength
Liquefied Layer:
reduced strength
Unliquefied Layers:
dense Sand
3D Modeling Approach
The pile is modeled with beam-column elements
3D Modeling Approach
Beam-solid contact elements are used to model the soil-pile interface
Lateral spreading is modeled by applying a free-field displacement profile to the
boundary
y of the model
Questions?