Laboratory Exercise No.

4
Carpentry Tools and Equipment
I.

Introduction
A carpenter is one of the most necessary and most used of all building trades due to their specialised
knowledge and the techniques that they use when working with wood. Here is what you need to know
about carpentry.
Every trade has its tools, and woodworking is no different. Any craftsman knows that the right tool
for the project is critical in manufacturing a quality end product in a timely manner.
When one is interested in the craft of woodworking there are many things to consider including
materials, workspace, and plans. However, none of these considerations are worth making until
individuals have the essential woodworking hand tools they will need to complete their project. Covering
everything from measuring to cutting to finishing, these tools will get you there with ease. Though there
are several alternatives within each category, such as multiple sizes and dimensions of a particular tool,
these essentials will get anyone off on the right foot.
Carpenters construct and repair building structures made from wood and other materials, including
door frames, stairways, and more. They also install household items such as cabinets, drywall, and siding.
Carpenters have a variety of skills. Some even specialize in particular tasks, including insulating
buildings or building kitchen cabinets. There are also different types of carpenters, including residential,
commercial, and industrial carpenters.
Mechanical Skills - Because carpenters work with several varieties of tools and machines, they need
effective mechanical skills. Critical Thinking Skills - Carpenters routinely face unexpected problems or
issues during building, and thinking skills guide them through those rough spots. Every project is
different, and carpenters sometimes have to adjust plans on the fly. Math Skills - Basic math skills are a
must for any carpenter. Carpenters use arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus and statistics to measure
materials, add up volumes and complete other project-planning tasks.
Carpenters should be sensitive to details. Carpenters with people skills are better able to work with
customers and understand their needs. Also, professionals in the field must have a steady hand and the
ability to make smooth movements with their fingers. Finally, the job calls for the physical strength and
stamina to work long hours, sometimes lifting heavy objects.
Carpenters also must be adept at measuring and planning to complete the layout portion of their tasks.
Errors in this important pre-step to the building process can negatively impact, or even ruin, a finished
product. Additionally, mathematical skills and blueprint reading and sketching are vital skills for
carpenters.
Here are descriptions for a few of the important skills that you can learn in carpentry courses:

Safety awareness: Carpenters must be aware of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration safety
regulations, and they also need to know first aid in the case of any job accidents.
Use of hand and power tools: Some of the tools you may need to be familiar with are chisels, levels,
circular saws, drills, welding machines and sanders.
Building frameworks: Carpenters learn how to incorporate rafters, partitions, joists and studs to make
strong frameworks.
Installation: You can learn how to install internal components of a building, like insulation and drywall, as
well as features such as cabinets, doors, counters, ceilings and windows.
The carpenter works internally and externally, including in the homes of customers and on building
sites in all weather conditions. He or she will interpret drawings, set out and measure, cut, form joints,
assemble, install and finish to a high standard.

The carpenters work includes:

Measuring, cutting and installing components of a residence or commercial building including floor, wall
and roof systems. It can also include stairs, interior and exterior finishes, roofing materials, doors,
windows and other finishing components. Accurately measuring and cutting enables greater quality
for items like trim and moulding which must be finished with great precision
Constructing forms for concrete, wall and roof systems of the structures
Installing components that are seen on the inside and outside of residential or commercial buildings such
as sidings, shutters, roofing materials, as well as out-buildings such as garages, sheds, gazebos,
pergolas and play houses.
II.

III.

Objectives:
1. To enumerate and describe carpentry tools and equipment.
2. To identify the risk associated with the used of power tools and equipments.
3. To illustrate the proper way of using tools and equipment to prevent personal injury and
accident.
4. To outline best working practices in performing carpentry work.
Methodology
CARPENTRY TOOLS AND POWER EQUIPMENTS
1. Metal Jack Plane : Plane is made of wood or metal. But now
a days, a metal jack plane is used in carpentry. It is 14 in
length. It's blade's grinding and sharpening angle of 20-25
and 25-30. It is used for smoothing as well as removing
rough surfaces is quickly to bring in required size of sawn
wooden piece. RISK: You might get wounded if misuse.

2. Try-Square : Try-square is used for testing the squareness of

material and enabling lines to be marked at right angles(90)
to a given surface. It's parts is a) Blade b) Stock c) Rivets
RISK: Its heaviness and its bit of edge sharpness.

3. Chisel : An assortment of chisels should be part of every

workbench. Chisels are not just for wood carvers. Any
woodworker will need chisels to clean out joints and saw cuts.
Look for chisels made of high-alloy carbon steel or
chromium-vanadium alloyed steel. RISK: Misuse can wound
you, due to its sharp end.
4. Level : Every woodworker needs a couple of levels. You
probably wont need one of the 6-foot levels used in
construction, but 48 is a good length for many of the
woodworking projects youll do. Usually, youll also need an
8 level too, usually known as a torpedo level. Youll check
the level and plum of your construction. Level is horizontal,
and plumb is vertical.
5. Tape Measure : Another no-brainer addition to any
carpenter's tool set is a good tape measure. Carpentry projects
rely on precise measurements which means that a good,
retractable metal tape measure is an invaluable, and
inexpensive, must-have tool. The best tape measures should
come with a belt clip for easy access as well as have
calibrations in both the imperial (inches and feet) and metric
systems.
6. Utility Knife : Like the hammer, the purpose of a utility knife
when completing a carpentry project is multi-faceted. A good
utility knife should have a belt clip and a strong handle with a
locking mechanism. In addition to the knife itself, make sure
to have one or two replacement blades in the toolbox for when
the original one gets too blunt to work properly. RISK:
Sharpness can caused injuries.

7. Screwdrivers : Carpentry purists generally shudder at the

notion of using screws in wood. However, in the modern form
of carpentry, the right screw placed at the right point in the
project can make the difference between success and failure.
RISK: These pointed tools can injure.

8. Pincer : It is used for pull out the nails from wood. It is also
called as a nail puller. It is used in upholstery work to take out
the nails. RISK: It can clamp your fingers.

9. Mallet : It is used for driving chisel handle as well as assisting

in assembling jobs. It is also called as wooden hammer. RISK:
Be aware of heaviness.

10. Pencil : Used om drawing lines in the setting out the shapes of
parts of the job. Always used when setting out chamfers,
levels or slopping edges. Etc. RISK: Due to pointiness, can
cause injuries.

11. Circular Saw : The first of the two necessary power tools in
carpentry is the circular saw. A circular saw can do everything
from straight cuts to notching, ripping, and dados. RISK:
Sharp edges, can cut body parts.

12. Power Drill : Power drills these days can do everything from
traditional drilling, to sanding and operating as a power
screwdriver. It all depends on the model purchased and the
drill bits and accessory kits that go with it. RISK: Sharp drill
bit, can burrow body parts.

13. Jigsaw : The third tool for the beginner is the Jigsaw. A jigsaw
allows the user to cut curved and circular patterns in stock.
RISK: Sharp end, can burrow body parts.

14. Nail Gun : Nail guns do the same job as a hammer which is to
drive nails into a material only they do it more efficiently and
quickly. RISK: Misuse can put nails under the skin.

15. Orbital Sander : Orbital sanders are a unique and excellent

sanding tool because they are small and portable but are also
much quicker than hand sanding. RISK. Its blade can injure.

16. Router : Routers are a portable and unique power tool

because they can create curved edges and mill out timber
making them very useful. RISK: The middle part can injure.

17. Electric Planer : Electric planers are the same as hand planers
only they work automatically which makes planning much
faster and easier. Electric planers also serve the same purpose
as a hand planer which is to remove timber for smoothing a
surface or to thin out a piece of wood. RISK: Some parts can
injure

18. Biscuit Cutter : A biscuit cutter or biscuit joiner is used to cut

the oval shaped holes in a piece of timber where the biscuit
shaped pieces of timber are then inserted. It can be adjusted
for different widths of timber and it is also very portable.
RISK: Can cut body parts.

19. Belt Sander : A belt sander or portable belt sander is very

similar to a linisher because that also sands with a belt only
the belt sander is smaller and portable. RISK: Some parts can
injure

20. Table Saw : The table saw will be the workhorse of your
shop, so get a good one. Youll use it to rip, miter, shape,
square, groove, and join, so a good saw that suits your needs is
vital. RISK: Saw, it can cut body parts

SPECIALTY WORK

Framing - Framing carpenters build and repair structures made of wood or wood products.
They typically begin work early in a project, constructing what becomes the framework for
the rest of the building.
a. Hammer
b. Utility knife
c. Tape measure
d. Try squares
e. Level
f. Carpenters pencil
g. Chisel
h. Cats paw

Cabinet making - Cabinetmaking covers the manufacture of freestanding and built-in

furniture and units, using wood at the sole or main material. It may include the design of
furniture, but normally comprises the creation of furniture and units from designs prepared by
others.
a.
c.
e.
g.
IV.

V.

Cutting saw
Jigsaw
Try square
Hammer

b.
d.
f.
h.

Tape measure
Chisel
Mallet
Screwdrivers

Conclusion
From the tools and equipment above, and the specialty works enumerated, the most
common or basic tools and equipment are hammer, try square, chisel and tape measure.
These carpentry tools above are best while working if the carpenter uses them properly
and accordingly. Properly, in a way that the safety of the carpenter and the people around will be
sure. Accordingly, in a way that a chisel is for cleaning joint and not for burrowing a wood. In this
way, the carpenter, with his/her equipment can create a fine and firm outcome that can satisfy the
preferences.
In accordance to the tools and equipment, quality is also needed for a skilled carpenter. A
carpenter should desire qualities:
Communication: No matter in which profession you are or in which industry you work, good
communication skill is necessary.
Maths: Carpentry includes working with the measurements and angles. So, it is important to
have strong mathematical skills in order to achieve success in this field.
Technology: You must have knowledge about the old tradition as well as the latest
technologies used in the carpentry and joinery. Also, you should be aware and comfortable
using different software used for the same.
Dedication: Like all other jobs, dedication is the key. If you dedicate yourself completely into
the work, you are sure to achieve success. Also, you need to learn to focus on the minute
details and observe things.
Time management: You need to be punctual when it comes to dealing with clients.
Reference
http://gyan.fragnel.ac.in/carpentry/car.pdf/09/28/16
http://www.homeimprovementpages.com.au/article/what_is_carpentry/09/28/16
http://work.chron.com/skills-required-carpenter-11775.html/09/28/16
https://www.thebalance.com/carpentry-skills-list-2062368/09/28/16

https://www.worldskills.org/what/career/skills-explained/construction-and-buildingtechnology/carpentry/09/28/16
http://www.wagnermeters.com/wood-moisture-meter/top-40-woodworking-tools/09/28/16
http://www.ebay.com/gds/10-Essential-Woodworking-HandTools-/10000000177630176/g.html/09/28/16
http://www.slideshare.net/4-interior/top-5-qualities-of-good-carpenter/09/28/16