1

GRACE OF SRI RAMA

[SRI RAMABDHI SHUKTIMANI]
RESEARCH SAMPLE BOOK
BY
MUTHYALA RAMAKRISHNA RAO

[Rao Muthyala
Ramakrishna Rao]
ISNI: 0000 0004 3981 4175

Address: 10-2-289/108, Flat no: 302

Saivihar Apartment, Shantinagar Colony
Hyderabad-500028, Telangana State, India
Web: graceofsreerama.org
Emale:graceofsreerama@gmail.com
Contact no: 8333033382, 8765512345
Membership: Indian author Assocation
The socity of Author
International writer association

GRACE OF SRI RAMA [SRI RAMABDHI SHUKTIMANI]

INDEX
FOREWORD

The book entitled Grace of Sri Rama (Sri Ramabdhi shuktimani) is a research
work. Hindu legends, mythologies, ancient history, the Surya theory and modern Science
have all gone into the making of the book. To know something about the Setu (the great
bridge) and "Lankanagara (the city of Lanka) that are described in Srimadramayana,it is
necessary for us to know certain related facts. Therefore, in the book there are 14 aspects
which are described below. Every aspect is based on spirituality as well as modern scientific
knowledge. The facts described in "Ramayana" are in harmony with the present. Every
branch of Science is latently linked to the Ramayana. The book aims at establishing in which
island; the Bharata Varsha (the land of Bharata) is located how our country has come to be
known as "Bharata Khanda" (sub-continent of Bharata) and the names of islands separated
from our country. Every fact in the book has its reference to other standard mythological
works. The book puts forth information about the yojana units of measurement as found in
the "Surya theory" providing its calculation as per the present units of measuring distance.
The Lankanagara of Ravana and the present Sri Lanka both of which were separated from
India are two distinct islands and are not one and the same.
There is a description of only one island, Lankanagara in the period of Rama
found in the Ramayana. One account of geographical changes 90% of the land of
Lankanagara got submerged in the sea, and the remaining 10% of the land did not merge
into the Simhala island with the result, the people of the present Sri Lanka say that their land
(Sri Lanka) abounds in the remnants of Ramayana there by implying that the Lanka of the
Ramayana is nothing else but their own land with 90% of the great Sethu having submerged
in the Sea, the remaining part is seen at present between "Dhanushkoti" (in India) and
Talimannar (in Sri Lanka) ,it is thought that the remaining part f the great Sethu also may
move to the North eastern side on account of the geographical movement in due course. All
this information is shown with pictures, in the book. Details are given with regard to the
emperors and kings who ruled our country in the past along with the presidents, prime
ministers and governors of our state in the modern period and on . The book also aims at
establishing the fact that, on the basis of "Srimadramayana" and other standard works as
well as the 'Bhaghavata" and various mythologies, Lankanagara of Ravana and Simhala (the
present Sri Lanka) are two separate entities and that the Sethu (the great bridge) had not
been constructed between "Rameshwaram" (in India) and Sri Lanka as universally believed.
There is a valid reason for entitling the book "Grace of Sri Rama" , Sri
Ramabdhi Shuktimani which comprises , Sri meaning Goddess Lakshmi (the Universal
power) born as Sitha with the former originating in the sea and the latter being born in the
earth, Rama combining in himself the vital seeds of Shiva and Visnu, Abdhi meaning the
ocean and Shuktimani which means pearl. So it can be understood that when we chum the
ocean of the Ramayana, we will find two pearls, one being the great Sethu (the great bridge)
and the other, Lankanagara (city of Lanka), both of which had been constructed on the
Ocean. Vishwakarma a , the divine sculptor under instruction from Brahma, the creator, had
constructed the city of Lanka as the residence of Shiva, a God in the Trinity. In the same way

the illustrious king in the Hindu legends, Nala , born off the vital elements of Vishwakarma,
constructed the great Sethu, (the great bridge) across the ocean in compliance with Rama's
instruction. Both the Lanka city and the great Sethu are water related constructions as both
were built on the sea. The Sethu as well as Lanka, being the two ornamental pearls of the
"Ramayana, an attempt is made in the book both through research and through consultation
of the ancient works to enlighten the readers on these two aspects, the two , being dazzling
pearls, the book , whose theme revolves round them, it is hoped, will shine like a chain of
gems adorning Lord Sri Rama shedding the light of numerous suns, in turn reflecting the
light on us making our lives purposeful. It is my conviction that every fact found in the book
is in harmony with Science and our India culture.
The book written in tune with Indian Mythology and modern Science comprises
14 sections, each with a heading .They are 1.Geological condition , 2.Biological condition ,
3.Chronlogical condition , Astrological condition , The Yojana ( The Vedic unit of measuring
the distance ) theory . 6. Journey of Rama, 7. Lineage of rulers in India, 8.The picture of
the Sethu , Varadhi (the great bridge ) , 9.A view of the City of Lanka , 10.Research aspect ,
11.Indian cultural scenario , 12.Bibliographical details, 12.Lineage of the author, 14.Graphic
representation.
It is to be seen that the first 4 chapters of the book deal with the journey of man
from his birth, 5th, 6th and 7th chapters throw light on his glory. 8th, 9th and 10th chapters
speak of the changes resulting from the vagaries of nature, Again chapters from one to
eleven open the door to our Indian culture and chapter eleven contains information about the
books consulted for the required information for the preparation of the books.
A brief biographical Sketch of Sri Muthyala Ramakrishna Rao.
Sri Muthyala Ramakrishna Rao was born in Hyderabad on 31st July, 1956 as the eldest of four
children of Late Sri Muthyala Kondal Rao and Smt Muthyala Saraswathibai. His parents, being
ardent devotees of Lord Sri Rama, Sri Ramakrishna Rao has inherited their devotion to the same
God. As a person hailing from a traditional Brahmin family, Sri Ramakrishna Rao got by heart many
of the verses of the Ramayana; both Sanskrit and Telugu even in his childhood.
Financial constraints forced Sri Ramakrishna Rao to discontinue his studies after Intermediate and
seek a job to support his family. Consequently he got appointed in Greater Hyderabad Municipal
Corporation in 1981 and retired voluntarily as sanitary supervisor in the health department of the
corporation in 2011 after a dedicated service of 30 long years during which he won the admiration of
his superiors and other colleagues in particular and the public in general.
His interest in spirituality and deep devotion to Lord Sri Rama prompted him to embark on the lofty
mission of writing a treatise on Lord Sri Rama entitled Sri Rama Ramayana ", a voluminous work
in Telugu which got completed in 1996. Sri Ramakrishna Rao's love of Sri Rama as well as Sri
Ramayana inspired him further to venture into writing another significant book in Telugu based on
the Ramayana with the title " Sri Ramabdhi Shuktimani " which aims at explaining the facts of
Ramayana in the right perspective. The most important point surprising the readers is that the book
proves with authentic facts that the Lanka of Ravana is different from the present Sri Lanka and also
that the great Sethu was constructed in an area different from the one popularly taken for granted.
The work which also contains beautiful lyrics in simple Telugu glorifying the greatness of Sri Sita
and Sri Rama was completed in 2005.
That man is a puppet in the hands of providence and even great devotees of God and virtuous people
are no exception had been proved when Sri Ramakrishna Rao met with a great tragedy in his life in
the form of the premature demise of his noble wife, Smt. Sulochana on 16-8-2013.A worthy wife to

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an ideal husband, this illustrious woman had been an inspiration to Sri Ramakrishna Rao in all his
endeavours, worldly and spiritual and but for her encouragement, the two books could not have come
into reality. The above books on Ramayana are now being translated into English for the benefit of
the English reading fraternity.
Undaunted by his wife's passing away, Sri Ramakrishna Rao continues to work towards fulfilment of
his sublime goals some among which are the dedication of the Telugu and the English versions of his
two books "Sri Rama Ramayana" and" Sri Ramabdhi Shuktimani"(The Grace of Sri Rama) at the
lotus feet of Lord Sri Rama at Bhadrachalam soon and establishment of Sri Rama Charitable trust
aimed at rendering social, religious and spiritual services to the needy not only in the two Telugu
speaking states but also in the country.
Sri Ramakrishna Rao is blessed with two successful sons, Sri Varun, a Software
Engineer in America and Sri Haran, a Software Engineer in Hyderabad. He leads an exemplary life
marked by the conviction that only selfless service makes man's life meaningful. Even at sixty he
continues to strive with relentless physical and moral strength to realise his elevated aspirations. May
God give him the required assistance?

1. Geological condition
2. Bilogical condition
3. Chronogical condition
4. Astrological picture
5. The yojana theory (Vedic unit of measuring distance)
6. Journey of Rama
7. Linege of Rulers
8. The picture of the Sethu
9. Aview of the city of Lanka
10. Research aspect
11. Indian culture Scenario
12. Bibliographical details
13. Lineage of the author
14. Graphic representation

1. GEOLOGICAL CONDITION:
Man enters the lap of the earth the moment he gets out for his mother's womb. The earth
remains his shelter as long as he lives. God has arranged for his substance even before he is
born. So the geographical condition is considered the first stage in man's odyssey.
1. GEOLOGICAL CONDITION
INDEX

1. Structure of the universe

2. Universe
3. The worlds beyond
4. Earths cycle
5. Distance between worlds
6. The great earth
7. State of the great Earth-Islands-Seas
8. The Seven Islands
9. The Globe
10. Fixation of the direction
11. Information of the Earth in the Upanishads
12. The state of the globe
13. Demarcation of the nine continents
14. The Seven islands on the globe -the present countries
15. The great Jambu island its nine sub-continents
16. Formation of the 8 sub-islands, out of great Jambu Island
17. The countries as described in Markandaya mythology
18. Described of rivers in Markandaya mythology
19. The city of Ayodhya
20. Rocks
21. Seas

II. BIOOLOGICAL CONDITION

INDEX

1. The secret of human life

2. The five life forces
3. The Five elements of the human body
4. Human body -a wonders machine
5. The creator and His creation
6. The great sages

III. CHRONOLOGICAL CONDITION

INDEX

1. Transition in Time
2. The Brihat Jataka (by Varaha Mihira)
3. Way of calculation time in ancient India
4. Different time scale
5. Age (Yugas) calculation as per years
6. Mesurment of time in Bhagavatam
7. Calulation of age (Yugas)
8. The Surya theory

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9. The Hindu division of Time

IV. ASTROLOGICAL PICTURE

INDEX

1. Ancient Astronomy - Jyothi shastra

2. The Astrology of ancient India
3. The 27 stars their location and their rules
4. Grouping of stars into Zodiac classes (Rashis )
5. Ages of Zodiac groups
6. Revolution stars and planets
7. Analysing the Surya theory different views
8. Old and new version of Surya theory
9. The theory of Solar-sidereal year
10. Vedic theorem of Lunar month
11. The Surya theory of rotation of material universe
12. Ancient Cosmography and Geography
13. The non geocentric view. The centre point being Meru (Meru Mountain)
14. Planets - Places direction, daily movements
15. Astrological predictions
16. Symbols of planets and Zodiacal signs
17. Planetary aspects and motion
18. List of stars -associated planets-description-images
19. Quaters of stars (Paadaas)
20. Horeoscope of Rama
21. Evil inflaming of Mars (Kuja) on Sri Rama
22. Analysis of Sri Rama horoscope
23. Analysis of Sri Krishna horoscope
24. Analysis of Ravana's horoscope
25. The Hindu system of christening (giving many to new born babies)
26. Days of the week (Vaarams)
27. Almance (Panchangam)
28. Datails of the nine stars (Taaraas)
29. Irish names of days of the week
30. East Asian way of naming the days of the week
31. Anspicions times (Muhurthas)
32. The two inauspicious time of the day -Rahukaalam, Yamagandam
33. Certain important Telugu years, months, days of the fortnight, Stars in Sri Rama's journey of life.

V. THE YOJANA THEORY (VEDIC UNIT OF MESURING DISTANCE)

INDEX

1. A view of the Yojana

2. Yojana as per the Surya theory
3. Different calculations of the Yojana
4. Mesurment of Yojana in the ancient astronomy -Jyothishastra
5. Different units of distance

VI. JURNEY OF RAMA

INDEX

1. First route of the journey

2. Journey from Ayodhya to Mithila
3. Journey of Sri Rama to the forest for 14 years stay

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4. Route to the forest as per Valmiki Ramayana
5. Ramas walk across the sands
6. Sri Rama's journey from Ayodhya to Sarayu River

VII. LINEAGE OF RULERS

INDEX

1. Indian Mythological -dynasties

2. Bharata varsha - dynasties
3. Indian Princely states
4. List of Maharaja States
5. List of Nawabs states
6. Indian Governors
7. Indian President
8. Indian Prime Minister
9. Andhrapradesh Governors
10. Andhra Pradesh Chief Ministers
11. Telangana state 1st Governor
12. Telangana1st Chief Minister
13. Andhra Pradesh state 1st Governor
14. Andhra Pradesh state 1st Chief Minister
15. Sri Lanka Monarchs

VIII. THE PICTURE OF THE SETHU, VARADHI (The great bridge)

INDEX

1. Physical ground of the Sethu or Varadhi (The Great Bridge)

2. Fixation of the site for the bridge
3. (Material used in the construction)
4. Way of construction
5. Trees seen at the bridge
6. Rocks at the site
7. Picture of the Sea under the bridge
8. Views of foreigners about the bridge
9. Naturally formed bridge in the world

IX. A VIEW OF THE CITY OF LANKA

INDEX

I. The picture of the city Lanka

1. Demarkation of the City Lanka
2. Ancient sages -fixation of directions and cities
3. The Lanka City in Ramayana
4. The great personalities who ruled in the Vyvaswata epoch
5. The Lanka of Ravana and Simhala (Sri Lanka) as described in Markandeya mythology
6. The globe four sides -four Puras (Villages)
II. THE GEOGRAPHICAL STATUS OF LANKA
INDEX

1. The livening style of Demons

2. The impact of the surrounding behind transformation in to demons
3. The population of demons in Lanka
4. The dimensions (area) of Lanka in Ramayana

X. RESEARCH ASPECT
INDEX

I. Movements of Sethu or Varadhi (The great bridge)

This chapter missing 1-19 sub-chapters
II. THE DEOGRAPHICAL PICTURE OF LANKA
INDEX

1. City of Lanka and Simhala -two different Islands

2. The description of Lanka, not Simhala in Srimadramayan
3. The Western Ghats of India as per the present Geographical situation
4. The length and breadth of Lanka in Srimadramayana
5. Changes on the globe as per the modern Science
6. Matter underneath the mountain
7. Bridging the mythological and Science regarding the floods
8. The two methods used for dating
9. Pralayas
10. Glacier ice formation
11. Motion
12. The Sea level
13. Truth about Sri Madramayana as per science
14. The area of the city of Lanka
15. Certain evidence of the Ramayana as found in Sri Lanka (Simhala)
16. The area of Lanka lost on account of motion and the details of the remaining
land
17. The table showing the weapons, divine weapons and divine missiles (Divyastras) as described in
the Ramayana
18. The Chiefs of the armies of Rama and Ravana
19. The chief of the armies of Vanaras (Beings with tails ) and the number of the soldiers
20. The number of Vanaras as found in Valmiki Ramayana
21. The number of demons in the city of Lanka

XI. BIBLIOGRAPHICAL DETAILS

INDEX
1. Refernce books of English (184)
2. Reference books of Telugu (53)

XII.INDIAN CULTURE SCENARIO

INDEX
1. Names of 108 Shakti Peethas
2. Ayudhas (Wepons), Diyaudhas (Miselais), Astras, Chakras
3. Muktaa-Muktaa-Ayudhas
4. Comandars of Varnaras (Monkeys) and Rakshas (Demon)
5.50 Names of Nymphs
6. The genealogy from Adam to Jesus chart
7. Hell-Kundas
8. Shatshasti -Hells
9. Indian culture seenario appresate and relationship with other countries
10. The Sankalpa (the Hindu cosmic cycle details)

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11. The proceses of Hindu Sampradaya marriage
12. The number of organ in the human body
13. Pooja vidhnamu (Liturgical baby)
14. The Hindu-Versions
15. Acceptance of the descriptions of the true legends of creation
16. Bow and salute

XIII. LINEAGE OF THE AUTHOR

INDEX
1. Dynasty
2. History of Medak district
3. Family history of Muthyala vamsha (Pearls)
4. Genealogy of Muthyala (Pearls)

XIV. GRAPHIC REPRESENTATION

INDEX

1. Geological condition
2. Bilogical condition
3. Chronogical condition
4. Astrological picture
5. The yojana theory (Vedic unit of measuring distance)
6. Journey of Rama
7. Linege of Rulers
8. The picture of the Sethu
9. Aview of the city of Lanka
10. Research aspect
11. Indian culture Scenario
13. Lineage of the author

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1. GEOLOGICAL CONDITION
Man enters the lap of the earth the moment he gets out for his mother's womb. The earth remains his
shelter as long as he lives. God has arranged for his substance even before he is born. So the
geographical condition is considered the first stage in man's odyssey.

Structure of the Universe

This Universe is a creation as well as manifestation of God Who is an embodiment of truth, beauty ,bliss
,light ,life and tranquillity and Who is beyond the attributes of Satva, Rajasa, and Taamasa.
The unman ifest side of God is of two types.
1. Time , The indiscernible actions and their results.
2. Energy (Mahath) This principle has manifested itself in three types of Consciousness known as
Sathvikahamkara, Raajasaahankaara, Taamasaahankaara,
1. All the eight angels headed by Indra and also the mind have sprung from Svaatikaahankaara.
2. All the five senses of the body and five senses of the mind have been born from Raajasaahankaara while
3. Taamasaahankaara has given rise to Panchathanmatra denoting Sound form touch, taste, and smell. All the
five elements of Earth ,water ,fire, air, and ether in turn have originated from "Panchamatralu " Similary "
Jnanendriya golamulu " , which have given rise to "Karmendriya golamulu " have been born from the
five elements . All these principles are known as the "Virat meaning all in one, from this "Virat has
formed "Swarat" meaning the manifest creation. It consists in four realms of consciousness.
1. Svaatikaahankaara: from this risen subtle creation.
2. Raajasaahankaara : From this has been born Swayambhuva, who has created Dasa Prajapatulu ,
Sanakasanandadulu , Angels Garudas , rulers of the world , Gandharvas, Siddhas, Vidhyadharas,
demons , Yakshas, Monsters , Spirits , devils and human beings .
3. The physical world has originated from the subtle world and all the living things have originated from the
physical world.
4. Taamasaahankaara: Water which gradually formed from the supreme soul has spread everywhere the
radiance of supreme Soul falling on water gave rise to numerous golden worlds. We live in one of them.
Darkness pervades the entire golden world in which we dwell. The effulgence of the supreme soul has been
embodied in the form of "Aniruddha who sheds his light on the world. The following sloka (verse) points to
the fact.
11. " Tayanda mabaddaimam sarvamantastamovruta I
Tatraaniruddhah prathamamvyakti bhutassanaatanah "II
(Chapter dealing with Surya theory)
Such suprem Soul as is beyond the bounds of time has illuminated the World with his limitless
radiance and so is known in Vedas by such names as Surya, Savithru, and Paranjyothi etc. This is testified in
the following Sanskrit verse.
Hiranya garbhobhagavaa neshachhamdasi paTyate I
Adityohyadi bhutatvaatrpa sutyaasurya uchhyate II
Paramjyotistamah paaresuryoyam sviteticha I
Varyeti bhuvanaanvesh bhavayan lokabhavanaha II
A small particle of the indefinable energy of the supreme soul took the form of Brahma to create
the Universe. Brahma, with numerous powers at his disposal and being a preacher of the Vedas and various
branches of knowledge has become the central figure of the universe.
A symbol of omniscience and spiritual perfection, Brahma has fittingly become the creator. The
part of the universe shining like gold is called "Brahmanda "and all the seven worlds namely the earth
(Bhulika) Bhuvarloka , Suvarloka , Maharloka , Janaloka, Tapoloka , and Satyaloka are situated on the upper
part of the Universe and the seven lower worlds known as Athala, Vithala, Suthala , Rasathala , Thalatala,

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Mahathala, and Pathala are on the lower side of the universe. Both the seven worlds remain parallel to the each
other and together form the globular universe.
In the centre of the universe is the orbit of the sky which is called space. The endless Galaxy
with all the planets, Saturn, Mars, Jupiter, Venus, Uranius, Neptune, Moon and Pluto, being situated in proper
places. Below this astral world are the abodes of Siddhas and Vidyadyadharas. With all these phenomena the
Astronomical World which is the form of a globe shines eternally. The Earth which is the most important part
of the Universe is blessed by the supreme Soul with numerous species of flora and fauna surrounded by rivers ,
mountains , and seas. This is illustrated in the following Sanskrit Verse from Surya Siddhanta ( 26,30,31,32
verses ).
26. Sloka: Brahmanda methathsurasiram yathredam burbuvadikam I
Katahadvithayamchiva Samputam golakruthi II
30. Sloka: Brahamandam Madhye Paridriyoma Kashyabhidiyathe I
Thanmadhye bramanam bhanam thadhodha: Kshamath thada I
31. Sloka: Mandamaredya bhuputr Suryasukrendu jendava I
Paribramam thyadhodhastha Siddha Vidyadhara Ghana II
32. Sloka: Madhyesamantha dhandasya bhugola Vyomnithistathi I
Bibrana paraman shakhin brahmano dharanathmikam II

2. BIOLOGICAL CONDITION:
The earth is the base for man to make a steady growth. There are 84 million spices of
animals on the earth as per Vedas as well as science. Some animals have become extinct
both on account of the vagaries of nature, and change in the geological conditions. Certain
animals are seen through the microscope and some not visible even through the microscope.
Man takes birth and receives fruits of the deeds of his previous births. This is known as The
Law of Karma . Also the creation of universe by Brahma is sufficiently dealt with. The
biological condition regarded the second state as man's stay changes from his mother's
womb to the earth.
4. Human body -a wonders machine
3.Elements composition of human body
Elements

Percentage i

Oxygen

86%

Carbon

18%

Hydrogen

10%

Nitrogen

3%

Calcium

1.5%

Phosphorus

1.2%

Sulphur

0.02%

Potassium

0.02%

Chlorine

0.02%

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Sodium

0.1%

Magnesium

0.05%

Iron, Cobalt, Copper,

Zinc, Iodine

<0.05% each

Selenium, Fluorine

<0.02% each

HUMANBODY
Bones

Adult human skeleton consist of 206 bones, and at

birth the human body has about 300-350 bones.

Blood

Blood accounts for 8% of the human body weight

roughly 5 litters of blood (1.3 Gal)

Water

Water account for 60% of the human body weight,

roughly 40 litters of water 70 kg body weight.

Neurons

100 billion (100,000,000,000) neurons in the brain

alone, thats not including the number of Neurons in
the spinal cord, approximately 180000 miles

Hairs

The human body, there are about 5 million hairs. Hairs

are mentioned over 100 times in the Bible (Daniel
3:27.KJV) in Luke 21:18, (Matthew 10:30, KJV). The
Human head has estimated 100,000 hairs.

Muscles

The number of muscles in the human body varies from

about 656 to 850

Single word

Single word to speak 72 muscles to work.

Heart beating

Heart beating about 100,000 times in one day about

35 million times in a tear. During an average life time,
the human heart beat more than 2.5 billion times.

HUMAN: WEIGHT M IN KG
Heart

weight

0.005.8m^0.98 kg

Lung

weight

0.0113m^0.98 kg about twice the

weight of the heart

Brain

weight

0.085m^0.66 kg

Tidal

volume

7.69m^1.04 ml

Vital

Capacity

56.7m^1.03 ml

Blood

Volumes

65.6m^1.02 ml

Muscle

mass

0.40m^1,00 kg

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Skeletal

mass

0.0608m^1.08 kg

Heart

Rate

241m^-0.25 (beat s/min) heart

rate decrease with weight.

Blood circulation on
tome
Respiration

17.4m^0.25 seconds
rate

53.5m^-0.26 per min respiration

rate decrease with weight

Oxygen
consumption

1.94m^0.79 ml/s

Glucose turnover

5.59m^0.75

4. Human body was a wonder circulator

1. If stomachs did not have a lining of mucus your stomach would digest
itself.
2. There are 60,000 miles of blood vessels in the human body.
3. It takes about 60 seconds for a human blood cell to make a complete
circuit of the body.
4. The average person will shed 40 pounds of skin in his/her life time.
5.1/15th of a pint of blood is pumped with every heartbeat.
6. Human share 98.4% of our DNA with chimps. In comparison, we share
70% of our DNA with a slug.
7. The lightest baby to survive weighed a mere 283 grams.
8. On average, women say 7.000 words per day while men mnage just
over 2,000 words.
9. The human brain use 20% of the bodys energy but is only 2% of the
bodys weight.
10. On average, human lose 40-100 stands of hair per day
11. A sneeze can exceed the speed of 100mph.
12. A cough can reach the speed of 60mph.
13. The average person will deink about 16,000 gallons water in his/her
life time.
14. It takes 17 muscles to smile while taking 43 muscles to frown.

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15. The human brain is composed of 75% of water.

16. Human thigh bones are stronger than concrete.
17. More germs are transferred while shaking hands compared to kissing.
18. There are approximately 550 hairs in a persons eyebrow.
19. The strongest muscle in the human body is the Tongue.
20. A person produces 10,000 gallons of saliva in an average life time.
21. The hardest bone in the human body is the Jawbone.
22. The number of eye blinks varies greatly from about 29 blink each
minute if you are talking to someone blinks 25 times per minute.
23. The average human blinks 25 times per minute.
24. A nail takes around 6 months to grow from base to the tip.
25. Each second 10, 000, 000, cells die and are replaced in your body.
26. Your liver performs over 500 functions in your body.
27. The average person spends 1/3 of their life time sleeping.
28. More germs are transferred when shaking hands than kissing
29. The average person consumes 10 litters of alcohol per year.
30. Roughly 75% of people who play the radio in their car sing along to it.
31. Human thigh bones are stronger than concrete.
32. Your right lung take in more air than you left one does.
33. 70% of the composition of dust in your home is made up of shed
human skin and hair.
34. The tooth is the only part of the human body that cant repair itself.
35. One human hair can support 3 kg
36. Humans are the only animals that cry tears and blush.
37. If the normal one hundred thousand hairs on a head were woman into
rope, it could support a weight of more than 12 tons.
38. The finger nail groans about 1.5 inches per year.
39. The total amount of skin covering adult human weights 6lbs

15

40. The average person flexes the joint in their fingers 24 million times
during a life time.
41. Each person inhales about seven quarts of air every minute.
42. On average guy will grow about 27 feet of hair out of his face during
his life time.
43. On average, we breathe between 12 and 18 times a minute.
44. The average man sweats 21/2 quarts every day.
45. An average person laughs about 15 times a day.
46. 100 trillion cells
47. Every square inches of the human body has about 19 million skin
cells
48. There are about nine, 00-taste buds on the surface of the tongue, in
the throat, and on the roof of the mouth.
49. The human heart creates enough pressure when it pumps out to the
body to squirt blood 3.0 feet
50. It takes about 20 seconds for red blood cell to circle the whole body
51. One four of the lone in your body are in your feet.
52. Total length of your circulatory system including blood vessels,
stretches an amazing 60,000 miles (97,000 km) in child nearly 100,000
miles (161,000 km) in an adult.
53. The diameter of the earth at equator is 25,000 miles that if the blood
vessels of an about were lined up end to end, they would circle the earth
four times.
54. Stomach living cells produce mucus, Pepsin HCL to a PH of 2.0
(100.000the acidity of your blood stream)
55. The highest recorded Sneeze speed is 115 km (102 miles) per hour.
56. Each cell in your body has estimated 6 to 8 feet of DNA.
57. One square inch of skin there are four yards of nerve fibres, 600 pain
sensor, 1300 nerve cells 9000 nerve ending, 36 heat sensors, 75
pressure sensors, 100 sweat glands 3 million cells, and 3 yard of blood
vessels.

16

58. Messages travel along the nerves as electrical impulses. They travel
at speed up to 248 miles per hour.
59. We give birth to 100 billion red cells every day and about two million
red cells every second.
60. When we touch something, we send message to our brain at 124
mph.
61. We have enough carbon to manufacture 900 pencils.
62. A person can live without food for about 40 days, but only about 7
days without water, 6-8 minutes without air.
HUMAN: WEIGHT MIN KG
Heart

weight

0.005.8m^0.98 kg

Lung

weight

0.0113m^0.98 kg about twice the

weight of the heart

Brain

weight

0.085m^0.66 kg

Tidal

volume

7.69m^1.04 ml

Vital

Capacity

56.7m^1.03 ml

Blood

Volumes

65.6m^1.02 ml

Muscle

mass

0.40m^1,00 kg

Skeletal

mass

0.0608m^1.08 kg

Heart

Rate

241m^-0.25 (beat s/min) heart

rate decrease with weight.

Blood circulation on
tome
Respiration

17.4m^0.25 seconds
rate

53.5m^-0.26 per min respiration

rate decrease with weight

Oxygen
consumption

1.94m^0.79 ml/s

Glucose turnover

5.59m^0.75

3. CHRONOLOGICAL CONDITION:
It is related to both the above conditions. Time is a measuring rod to record the changes on
the earth, and the development of man. The wheel of time rotates eternally. All the
incarnations, the time of Brahma (The Creation) and the age of mankind spreading across

17

the enormous gamut of time tables. Time is a base for geological as well as biological
transformation. So it is termed the third condition.
4. Different time scale

4. DIFFERENT TYPES OF TIME SCALE

TABLE -I

60,750th of a second
29,6296 micro seconds
2.96,296 mille seconds
88,889 mille seconds
One Prana=4 seconds
One Vinadi=24 seconds
One Nadi=24 minutes
One Ahoratra
As, according to modern standards
24 minutes
24 seconds
4 seconds
88,889 mille seconds
2,96,296 mille seconds
39,62,96 micro seconds or 33.750t

One Paramanu
One Truti
One Tatpara
One Nimesha
45 Nimeshas
6 Pranas
60 Vinadis
60 Nadis
One Nadi or Danda
One Vinadi
One Asu or Prana
One Nimesha
One Tatpara
One Truti

TABLE-II SURYA- SIDDHANTA

100 Truti (Atoms)
30 Tatpara (Speak)
18 Nimesh (Twinkling)
30 Kashtha (Bits)
30 Kala [minute)
2 Ghatika (half-hour)
30 Kshana / Muhurta (hour)
1 Muhurta
1 Ghati
1 Kala
1 Kastha
1 Nimesha

One Tatpara (Speak)

One Nimesha (Twinkling)
One Kashtha (Bit)
One Kala ( minute)
One Ghatika ( half-hour)
One Kshana / Muhurta ( hour)
One Ahoratra ( day)
48 Minutes
24 Minutes
48 Seconds
16 Seconds
88,889 Mille seconds
Table-III

15 Nimesas
30 Kaastas
30 Kalas
30 Muhurtas
15 Days
2 Pakshas
2 Maasas
2 Rutis

One Kaasta
One Kala
One Muhurta
One Night or One day
One Paksha (Krishna Paksha, Shukla Paksha
One Maasa
One Ruti
One Kaalam (Rain, Summer, Winter)

18
6 Maasas
2 Ayanas
12 Maasas

One Ayanam (Uttarayanam, Dakshanayanam)

One Year
One Year
TABLE -IV

2 Paramanu
3 Atoms
3 Trusarenus
100 Trutis
3 Vedhas
3 Lavanas
3 Nimushas
3 Kashnas
10 Kaastas
15 Laghus
15 Ghadiyas
8 Jaams
15 Days
2 Pakshas
2 Maasas
3 Rutis
2 Aayanas

One Anuvu (Atom)

One Trusarenu
One Truti
One Vedha
One Lavana
One Nimusha (not a Minute)
One Kashna
One Kaasta
One Laghu
One Ghadiya
One Jaamu
One day
One Paksha
One Maasa
One Ruti
One Aayanam
One year
Table-IV[Truti means on the lotus stay one

water drop time

Twinkling of the eyes
2 Nimeshas
2 Trutis
2 Lavanas
10 Kashnas
30 Kaastas
30 Kalas
30 Muhurthas
30 Muhurthas
60 Muhurthas

One Nimesha
One Truti
One Lavana
One Kashna
One Kaasta
One Kala
One Muhurtha
Day
Night
One Day
Table-V

One day
One Ghati
One Vighati
One Liptaa
One Vilipta
One Para
5 Ghatis

60 Ghatis
60 Vighatis
60 Liptaas
60 Viliptaas
60 Paras
60 Tatparas
2 Hours

19
5.Vighatis

2 Seconds
Table-VI

One Trasa Renu

One Truti
One Vedha
One Lava
One Nimesha
One Kasha
One Kshata
One Laghu
15 Laghus
2 Dandas
6 or 7 Muhurtas
4 Pararas

6 Anus
3 Trasa Renus or 1/1687
100 Trutis
3 Vedas
3 Lavas
3 Nimeshas
5 Kashnas or 8 seconds
15 Kshata or 2 seconds
One Danda
One Muhurta
One Yama or day or night
4 Yamas or full day

TABLE-VII
One Nimesha or Blink
18 Nimeshas
2.5 Kasthas
6 Shvasas
2 Palas
30 Kalas
2 Ghatis
30 Muhurtas
15 Full days
2 Pakshas
6 Pakshas
2 Aayanas

0.088 second
One Kasha (1.6 second)
One Shvasa or Breath (4 seconds)
One Pala (24 seconds)
One Kala 948 seconds)
One Ghatis (24 seconds)
One Muhurta (48 minutes)
Full day (24 hours)
One Paksha
One Maasa or Month
One Aayana /Solstice
One Varsha / Year
TABLE-VIII

2 Anus
3 Paramanus
3 Renus
3 Trasa Renus
100 Trutis
3 Vedhas
3 Lavas
3 Nimesas
5 Kasanas
15 Kashtas

One Paramanu
One Renu
One Trasa Renu
One Truti
One Vedha
One Lava
One Nimesa
One Kasana
One Kashta
One One Laghu

20
15 Laghus
2 Nadikas
6 or 7 Muhurtas
4 Yaamaahas
15 Days
15 Days
2 Pakshas
2 Maasa
2 Maasa
6 Maasas
6 Maasas
12 Maasas

One Nadika
One Muhurta
One Yaamaah
One Day
One Krishna Paksha
One Shukla Paksha
One Maasa
A day and night
One Ruti
Uttarayana
Dakshanayana
One Varsha/year/Samvatsara/Parivatsara/
Vasara/Anu Vatsara/Vasara
TABLE-IX KAUTILYA TIME SCALE

2 Trutis
2 Lavas
5 Nimushas
30 Kasthas
40 Kalas
2 Nalikas
15 Muhurtas

One Lava
One Nimusha
One Kastha
One Kala
One Nalika
One Muhurta
One day/Night

TABLE-X
60 Nadis
60 Vinadhis or 3600 Nadis
60 Nazhigais
360 days

One Vinadhi
One Nazhigai
One day
One Year
TABLE-XI

One Paramanu
One Truti
One Tatpara
One Nimesha
45 Nimeshas
60 Paras
60 Vinadis
60 Nadis

60,750th of a Second
29,6296 Micro seconds
2,96296 milli seconds
88,889 milli seconds
One Para (4 seconds)
One Vinadi (24 seconds)
One Nadi (24 Minutes)
One Ahoratra (one day) (24 hours)
TABLE-XII

One Krati
100 Trutis
30 Lubs

One Truti 934,000th of second)

One Lub
One Nimesha

Ida

21
27 Nimeshas
10 Guru Akshavs
6 Paranas
60 Ghatikas
One day

One Guru Akshav

Prana
One Ghatika or Dand
One Day and Night
17,49,60,000,00 Trutis
TABLE-XIII

One day or 24 hours

One Ghatis
One Vighatis
One Liptaa
One Vilipta
One Para
5 Ghatis
5 Vighatis

60 Ghatis
60 Vighatis (Pala or Kala)
60 Liptaas (Vipala or Vikala)
60 Viliptas
60 Paras
60 Tatpara
2 hours
2 minutes
TABLE-XIV

60 Tatparas
60 Paras
60 Viliptas
60 Liptas
60 Ghatikas

One Para
One Vilipta
One Lipta
One Ghatika (Danda)
One day or night

TABLE-XV
15 Twinkling of the eye
30 Kashithas
30 Kalas
30 Muhurtas
30 Days
6 Months
2 Aayanas

One Kashitha
One Kala
One Muhurta
One day
One Month
One Aayana
One year
TABLE-XVI

Karati
One Truti
2 Trutis
2 Luvs
30 Kshanas
60 Vipals
60 Pals
2.5 Ghadis
24 Horas

34,000th second
300th second
One Luv
One Kshana
One Vipal
One Pal
One Ghadi (24 minutes)
One Hora
One Divas or day

22
7 Divas
4 Saptahs
2 Maasas
6 Rutis

One Saptah (week)

One Ruti (season)
One Ruti
One Varsha (year)
TABLE-XVII METRIC TIME

Fraction of a Second
0.000,000,000,000,000,000,000,001
0.000,000,000,000,000,000,001
0.000,000,000,000,000,001
0.000,000,000,000,001
0.000,000,000,001 [Trillionth]
0.000,000,001 [Billionth]
0.000,001 [Millionth]
0.001 [thousandth]
0.01 [Hundredth]
1.0

Metric Name
Yocto second (ys)
Zepto second (zs)
Atto second (as)
Femto second (fs)
Pico second (ps)
Nano second (ns)
Micro second (s)
Milli second (ms)
Centi second (cs)
Second (s)
TABLE XVIII Seconds to light years

60 seconds
59,83,617 seconds
60 minutes
24 hours
3,600 seconds
86,164,09 seconds
7 days
168 hours
14 days
28,29,30,31 days
365 days
366 days
12 months
31,536,000 seconds
31,558,150 seconds
9,46,550,000,000 meters
299,792,458 meters per second m/s
Per sec-approximately 3.25 light years

One minute (means solar)

One minute (sidereal)
One hour
One day
One hours
One day
One week
One week
One fortnight
One month
One year
One year
One year
One year (calendar)
One year (sidereal)
One light year
Speed of light

5. YUGAS CLARIFICATION AS PER HUMAN YEARS

TABLE-I TIME SCALE
The ages see a gradual decline of Dharma, wisdom, Knowledge, Intellectual
capability, life spain and emotional and physical strength.

Other name

KIRTI-YUGA

TRETA_YUGA

Golden age

Silver age

DWAPARAYUGA
Bronze age

KALI_YUGA
Iron age

23
Human years
Climate

1,728,000
Virtue reigns
supreme

Human stature
Human life span
years

21 cubits
1,00,000

1,296,000
Three quarter
Virtue & quarter
sin
14 Cubits
10,000

864,000
One half Virtue
& one half sin
7 Cubits
1,000

432,000
One quarter
Virtue three
quarter sin
3.5 Cubits
100 to 200

TABLE-II YUGAS TIME AND DEVA MAANA KAALA SHATABTA

KAALA
Name of Yuga

Yuga Period

Kriti Yuga
Treta Yuga
Dwapara yuga
Kali Yuga

1,728,000
1,296,000
864,000
432,000

SandhyaKaala
1,44,000
1,08,000
72,000
36,000

Sandhyamsha
-Kaala
1,44,000
1,08,000
72,000
36,000

Actual period

Shatabta period

1,440,000
1,080.000
720,000
360,000

12101-8101
8102-5101
5102-3101
3102-2101

TABLE-III
TIME OF THE DEVAS
1 day
1 month
1 year
100 years

HUMAN YEARS
1 Human year
30 years
360 years
36000 years

4. ASTROLOGICAL CONDITION:
It is related to time. The position of the planets, stars and their movements with the passage
of times brings, about changes in human beings, as well as on the earth. So changes in time
can be known on the basis of the movement of the stars and the planets. Therefore the
astrological condition is dealt with in the fourth chapter after that dealing with time.
IV. Astrological picture

It is related to time. The position of the planets, stars and their movements with the passage of times
brings, about changes in human beings, as well as on the earth. So changes in time can be known on
the basis of the movement of the stars and the planets. Therefore the astrological condition is dealt
with in the fourth chapter after that dealing with time.
Calendar
That calendar: Week. Tithi.Star. Yoga.Risation. Specify the Because of this, the
five solar calendar of the moon causing.
Vaaram

Vedic Weekday (beginning at

sunrise)

Bhanu Vaaram, Ravi Vaar

Vedic Sunday

Soma Vaaram, Som Vaar

Vedic Monday

24

Mangala Vaaram, Mangal

Vaar

Vedic Tuesday

Budha Vaaram, Budh Vaar

Vedic Wednesday

Guru Vaaram, Guru Vaar

Vedic Thursday

Shukra Vaaram, Sukra

Vaar

Vedic Friday

Shani Vaaram, Sani Vaar

Vedic Saturday

1. R=Ravi [Sun]
2. S=Shukra [Venus]
3. B=Bhudha [Mercury]
4. C=Chandra [Moon]
5. S=Shani [Saturn]
6. G=Guru (Brihaspati) [Jupiter]
7. K=Kuja (Angharaka) [Mars]
Wee
k

Sun
day
Mon
day
Tues
day
Wed
nes
day
Thur
sday
Frid
ay

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 1st
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 ho
ur
Pla
net
R S B C s G K R S B C s G K R S B C s G K R S B Ra
vi
C s G K R S B C s G K R S B C s G K R S B C s G Mo
on
K R S B C s G K R S B C s G K R S B C s G K R S Ku
ja
B C s G K R S B C s G K R S B C s G K R S B C s Bh
ud
a
G K R S B C s G K R S B C s G K R S B C s G K R Gu
ru
S B C s G K R S B C s G K R S B C s G K R S B C Sh
uk
ra

25
Satu
rday

s G K R S B C s G K R S B C s G K R S B C s G K Sh
ani

1 week: Sunrise from the back to the middle of the rising sun "day, or the day
that"1.Saturn,2.Jupiter teacher3.Mars or Mars,4. Sun or Ravi, 5.Venus,
6.Mercury, and the Moon or Soma, This is perceived as a series of morning sun
rising from the back of his far been done in 24 hours, starting on Each
consecutive hour period of each planet in the spheres of authority within 24
hours of Respectively 7 dominated Respectively 21 hours elapse, i.e. 3 hours, 3
times each planet can be, Saturn will be the first hour of the day, again in the
next 15 hours will be 8 am.
After the first hour, second hour of the day when the Lord will come in a way,
the 9th hour of Jupiter, Jupiter will be in the 16th hour.
This is perceived as a series of 7 per hour for 3 hours at a rate of 3 times the
surplus is still three hours to complete this perfected in the day.
In this way, the planets, yet the rest of the 3 hour for the first hour of the 22th
hour, and headed back to the planet Saturn 23 hour Jupiter, 24-hour power of
Mars. That shall be completed within 24 hours of that day.The next day, the first
hour of the beginning of the fourth planet dominated by the sun.

5. THE YOJANA THEORY (Vedic unit of measuring distance):

The distance between the earth and heavenly bodies (Planets and stars) and distance of them
from the earth on account of their movement was measured in times of "Yojanas" in the
ancient times. Accordingly in the Ramayana also distance was measured by Yojanas. Later
the conversion of yojanas into miles came to be made.
2. Yojana
(Suryasiddhnta and the Great Pyramid)
ByPetko Nikolic Vidusa
The oldest Sanskrit astronomical texts to survive were written around 600 A.D.One of the
most notable of these texts is the Suryasiddhnta survives in a much revised version. In
1858 Ebenezer Burgess published an annotated Englishtranslation of this text, available now
as Surya-Siddhantha, a text-book of Hinduastronomy.
Surya (Sanskrit) the sun, its regent or informing divinity in the Vedas, Surya isthe Sun-God.
Surya presiding over the space of the solar system, the Mount Meru may actually refer to the
"center of the world. In Indianmythology Meru is a sacred mountain which is usually
identified as the goldenmountain, the great central mountain of the world and the naval of
the earth.
Verse 1.59 of the Suryasiddhnta gives the diameter of theEarthas1600 yojanas.A yojanais a
Vedic measure of distance used in ancient India The exactmeasurement is disputed amongst
scholars with distances being given between 6 to15 km (4 and 9 miles), according to the
Suryasiddhnta the diameter of the Earthis 1600 yojanas.
Verse 1.59 of the Suryasiddhnta gives the diameter of the Earth as1600 yojanas.Geometry
of the Great Pyramid
Height of the Great Pyramid =147.6505019m

26

Circumference of the CircleA=147.6505019m

d = 46.99865415m
Area of the CircleA= 1734.843719 m = Area of the SquareBC=41.65145518m
Width of the Pyramids King Chamber = 206.0658189 inches = 10 Royal cubits =5.2340718
m
C=41.65145518m
41.65145518:5.2340718 =7.957753881
Verse 1.59 of the Suryasiddhnta gives the diameter of the Earthas1600 yojanas:
1600 7.957753881 = 12,732.40621 =in kilometers
Its the average diameter of the Earth.
12,732.40621 3.14159 = 40,000=in kilometers its the average circumference of the Earth
40, 000 7.957753881 =5026.543997 yojanas.
Conclusion: yojana=7.957753881km =4.944719017miles
1 yojana= 7.957753881 (km) =C
Area of the SquareB =63.32584683=Area of the CircleAd =8.979367488Circumference of
the CircleA = 28.20949111
28.20949111 3.14159= 88.62265518 = C
Geometrys source of the yojana
C = 88.62265518
Area of the SquareB =7853.975011(km) =2500Pi = Area of the CircleAd=100
Circumference of the Square A=314.159=100Pi
In Indian mythology Meru is a sacred mountain which is usually identified asthe Golden
Mountain, the great central mountain of the world and the naval of theEarth.
6. JOURNEY OF RAMA:
This is linked to all the preceding five aspects having been born on the earth, Sri Rama
walked on foot across the length and breadth of country (India) and the distance covered by
Him has been measured by Yojanas. So this chapter becomes the eight one in the book.
VI. Journey of Rama
Journey from Ayodhya to Mithila

2.LORD SRI RAMAS AYODHYA TO MITHILA JOURNEY

Lord Sri Rama Second Journey Route
Saint Vishwamitra took Lord Rama and Lakshman for the protection of his
Yagna (Holy fire).
UTTAR PRADESH
1. Ayodhya-Ayodhya was capital of king Dasharaths kingdom.
2. Shring Ashram-Ancient Shringi Ashram is situated near Shiva Ghat on
the banks of River Saryu, 3km north of Mehboob Ganji. It is approximately 20
km along the Saryu River from Ayodhya. Vishwamitra had educated Sri Rama
about Bala and Atibala at this very place.
3. Bhairv Mandir-it is believed that they stayed in the ancient Bhairv
temple, which is situated near Maharaj Ganji, for a night. Since they
proceeded on their journey along the Saryu River and made night halt. It can

27
be said with certain that they went along this way. Where they had stayed
here or at any other Place during the night is a matter of further research.
4. Salona Tall-There is a huge pond on the banks of river Saryu near
Azamgarh. This pond is full of water. As per the common believes, Rishi
Vishwamitra had gone along this way with Sri Rama and Laxman. There is
Rama Vatika (garden) near this pond and many temples of Lord Sri Rama and
Shiva are situated there. This place is situated towards the North East of
Azamgarh and is about 25 km from there.
5. Baruduwaria Mandir-it is situated near Mau at the confluence of River
Tons old Saryu. There is a very old temple of Lord Shiva and it has 12 gates.
Even today, a very big fair is celebrated here on Kartika Poornima every year.
It is believed that Rishi Vishwamitra went along this way Sri Rama and
Laxman.
6. Ram Ghat-Ram Ghat is situated on the banks of river Saryu near Mau. It
is believed that Lord Rama took a bath here and went to Siddha ashram
along with Rishi Viswamitra. Even today people come from far off places to
take a bath here for the fulfilment of their wishes.
7. Sidagar Ghat-According to Valmiki Ramayana, many rishis were living
there on the banks of Saryu River and, perhaps, this is the same place old
Rama Ghat is also situated there. It is common belief that Rishi Vishwamitra
went along this way.
8. Lakhneshwar Deeh- Deeh means an old mound of clay. As per common
belief, where going along with Rishi Vishwamitra, Laxmanji established a
shiva-Linga here. Some centuries ago, a Shiva-Linga was founded near a
pound here. King Dube of Nagahar wanted to take away the Shiva-Linga but
could not succeed. Then he built a temple here, the temple of still a centre of
reverence.
9. Ram Ghat Nagahar- km away from Lakhneshwar there is a place from
where Lord Rama had crossed river of Ganga. Now it is on bank of old Saryu
River. It is said that at that time there was confluence of River Saryu and
Ganga. Sri Rama, Laxman and Rishi Vishwamitra had taken night stay here.
10. Kameshwaranath Mandir-while going on way Rishi Vishwamitra
explained on Sri Rama that Lord Shiva burns Kamadev. Here even today
there is grand temple of Lord Shiva and also a pond. It is said Lord Shiva
worshiped here.
11. Sujayatand March-There is an old mound in a Jungle near, village
Chitbara in Balia district. It is believed that the said of mound is the house of
Subahu. Sujayat is a slang of Subahu. During excavation of the mound, bowl
to collect juice, tong furnaces and shells were found. Near the mound an
ancient pond has also been found. It is a common belief that village Marich
was the village of Marich. It is about 2 km from Sujayat. As the village is
rehabilitated somewhere else, there is no village but the Name still remains.

28
12. Bharauli and Ujiyar-According to the Valmiki Ramayana, Rishi
Vishwamitra woke up both Sri Rama and Laxman early in the morning and
after completing the natural citrates, they started for the Ashram. There is a
saying in the area; Bhor Bharoli Bhaye Ujiyara, Buxar Jaye Tataka Mara (Early
in the morning in Bharoli village, Sri Rama went to Buxar and killed Tataka). It
means that Sri Rama was there in a village called Bharoli early in the
morning and in a village called Ujiyar when the sun was rising. Both the
village are situated on the other side of River Ganga and are about 2 km
apart.
BIHAR
13. Vamneshwar Mandir-it is said that Lord Vishnu worshipped Lord Shiva
here before he appeared on earth as Lord Vamana and he established
Vamaneshwara Shiva-Linga. Vishwamitra showed the Shiva-Linga to Sri
Rama.
14. Charitra Van-Sri Rama fought the first battle of his life here and his
character of bravery arose here in his Jungle. It is also called Tataka Van. As
per Valmiki Ramayana, Tataka was living here and was controlling about 19
km in the Jungle. Sri Rama killed Tataka here. This place very much in
todays Buxar.
15. Aashram of Rushi Vishwamitra-the Aashram of Rishi Vishwamitra
was in a Tapovan. It is also called Siddhashram. But now there is no specific
place that can be said to be the Ashram. The whole area is called Tapovan
and Siddhashram.
16. Rama Rekha Ghat-it is very famous place of Buxar on the bank of
Ganga. It is believed that after killing Tataka, Sri Rama took bath here. This
place has the privilege Sri Rama visit it twice. After Sri Rama was enthroned,
he came here to perform a Yagna and he marked the place of Yagna with the
tip of an arrow.
17. Rameshwar Nath- it is believed that after killing Tataka, Sri Rama was
feeling guilty because nobody in his dynasty had ever killed nay woman.
Then he worshipped Lord Shiva and there is a temple called Rameshwara
Nath where Sri Rama had worshipped. This place is near Rama Rekha Ghat.
18. Parev-Sri Rama, Laxman and Vishwamitra to a night halt here. Nearby
there is Mohneshwar Mahadev temple. Some people crossed the Sonbhadra
River from Trigna Ghat. There is a difference of about 5 km between both the
places.
19. Ram Chandra Mandir-According to the Valmiki Ramayana, all three
crossed the Ganga and spent one night in Vishal Nagari. This place is
situated in Vishali district on the banks of Ganga. It is believed that Sri Rama
took bath here and crossed Ganga from this place. In Bhojpuri dialect Chaura
means park or garden. There could have been a park here in olden times in
the name of Sri Rama. According to the Valmiki Ramayana, the Ashram of

29
Gautama Muni was in a garden in Mithila city where Ahalya of living. This
place is famous due to Ahilya. There was a Tapovan (Place of Asceticism).
Even today there are Ashrams of Rishis on all the four sides. There are
Ashramas of Jaywalk (Jagvan), Shringi (Slingia), Bhrangi (Bhairva) and
Gautama. This place is about 25 km to the North-East of Darbhanga.
20. Ahalya Ashram-According to the Valmiki Ramayana, the ashram of
Gautama Muni was in a garden in Janakpur where Ahalya was living like a
stone. This place is famous due to Ahalya.
21.Vishwamitra Ashram-According to the Valmiki Ramayana after reaching
Janakapur they stayed at Janak garden. Even now there is a ashram of
Vishwamitra at this place.
NEPAL
22. Matihani-To construct the Bedi (stage for marriage) of Sri Rama with
Sitaji, soil was collected from here. Even today in Mithila soil is collected for
marriage purpose from this place. Sita and Rama are Avatar of Laxmi and
Narayana. The famous Laxmi Narayana math is also situated here.
23. Janakpur-Janakpur is in the province of Nepal. It was the kingdom of
king Janak. Mithila city was situated here in olden times and was about 20
km from the Indian border. There is a grand temple of mother Sita. It is
believed that Sita Ramji and three brothers were married here. In the
memory of that grand marriage ceremony, a marriage canopy is still here.
This place has got great veneration in the area.
24. Rang Bhumi-There is a big ground near Janaki temple. It is said that Sri
Rama broke the Pinak (boe) and fulfilled the condition to marry sitaji. In
Ramacharitamanas this place is called Rang Bhumi.
25. Dhanusha-According to believe this is the people where the ground for
the Danush Yagna was prepared. Sri Rama broke the Danush (bow) and
fulfilled the condition required to marry Sitaji. This place is about 20 km from
Janakpur. Today Danush is a district in Nepal. Even today, some stones,
which are supposedly ruins of Danush, can be seen here.Rom here; Sri Rama
went along with his Bharat marriage party.
26. Mani Mandam-After the bow was broken marriage party of Sri Rama
came from Ayodhya along with the three brothers of Sri Rama. This place is
near Rani Bazar in Janakpur. There is also a small pond where the feet of all
four brothers were washed before the marriage.
BIHAR
27. Sita Marhi- Mother Sita emerged here from within the earth Sita means
the part of the Plough which breaks the earth and it is made up of iron. This
is the place where Ravana kept the blood of Rishis as a token of tax in a jug.
As a curse no rain occurred here due to the sins of Ravana, on the advice of

30
Devatas (gods). King Janak ploughed here and mother Sita emerged from the
earth to avenge the tyranny of Ravana and kill him. At that time it was a
Tapovan. Even today, there are so many Ashrams of rishis like Pundarika, in
Purona, Shringi in Singhaharia, Kapila in Kapraul, Kharak in village Kharak
and Chark Muni Charamamhila village. All these Ashrams are situated in a
circle of about 10 km and the ruins of many Ashrams can be seen even
today. Now it is a district headquarters in Bihar. There is great veneration for
the temple in the area. It is believed that while going back to Ayodhya, the
marriage party of Sri Rama and Sita passed through this place.
28. Sita Kund-This palce is situated in East Champaran about 20 km for the
Motihari. It is believed that the marriage party of Sri Rama stayed here for a
night. The bracelet of mother Sita fell down here in a pond. In this pond the
water comes from the earth and never ends. There is one more source of
water nearby which is called Gangeye and it is said to have a relation with
Gangaji. At an adjoining place there are three temples of Sri Sitaji. Sri Ramji
and Giraja Nathji.
UTTAR PRADESH
29.Derwa-the third night halt of Sri Ramas marriage party was in village
Derwa.
30. Dohari Ghat-The place Go Hari is misnamed as Dohari. Sri Rama and
Parushram (both avatars of Lord Vishnu) mete here on the bank of river
Saryu. According to Valmiki after meeting Parushram the marriage
procession of Sri Rama proceeded towards Ayodhya,
BIHAR
31. Sri Ram Janaki Marg-in the East of Ayodhya, there is a Kaccha path
(unpaved road). Which is called Rama Janki Marg traditionally? It is believed
that the chariot of Sri Ramji came through this way along with the marriage
party. Sri Ramji had gone through this way only. Now it is Pukka (Paved) road
and named as Sri Ram Janaki Marg by the Government this marg is as follow:
Ayodhya-Katara-Isalampur-Maya-Keshavpur-Ravatam-Sari-Fooladi-Vikram
ChowkShakkarpur-Majhauwadube-Jamolia-Pachvas-Khisva-ChhawaniAmodha-Visesargani-Dubolia-Kalwanti-Peli-Dhankhata-Sikriganj-Gole BazarBadhalganj-There after it meets Korakhpur-Gajipur road.

7. LINEAGE OF RULERS:
The chapter gives an account of the names of the kings of the Surya and Chandra dynasties
and their respective tenures. Fitting it is included in the seventh section.
VII. Lineage of Rulers

31

1. Indian Mythological -dynasties

2. Bharata varsha - dynasties
3. Indian Princely states
4. List of Maharaja States
5. List of Nawabs states
6. Indian Governors
7. Indian President
8. Indian Prime Minister
9. Andhrapradesh Governors
10. Andhra Pradesh Chief Ministers
11. Telangana state 1st Governor
12. Telangana 1st Chief Minister
13. Andhra Pradesh state 1st Governor
14. Andhra Pradesh state 1st Chief Minister
15. Sri Lanka Monarchs
Indian Mythological dynasties - [16]
DYNASTY/KINGDOMS

PERIOD

NO.OF
RULERS

1.Brahma-Dynasty

55

2.Devasura-Dynasty

69

3.Indian Myth Pre dynasties

list

210

4.Surya-Dynasty

72

5.Sun-Dynasty Dwapara
Yuga

32

6.Surya-Dynasty Kaliyuga

30

7.Chandra-Vamsi-DwaparaYuga

51

8.Sons of Kaurava

101

9.Lunar-Dynasty Kali-Yuga

29

10.List of Lunar-Dynasty

167

11.Names of Kuru Emperor

Years/Months/days

30

12.Lord Sri Krishna Vamsha

37

13.Sons of Surasa and Kadru

32

14.Mythical List of Kings of

Mithila

49

REMARKS

32
15.Mythical Puru-Dynasty

16.Mythical Kuru-Dynasty

10

Chapter-2
BHARATA VARSHA DYNASTYS - [178]
DYNASTYS / KINGDOMS

PERIOD

1.Bharat-Dynasty

TOTAL
RULERS
11

2.Pal-Dynasty

750 AD-1174 AD

19

3.Sena-Dynasty

1070 AD-1230 AD

4.Karnat-Dynasty

5.Oinwar-Dynasty

14

6.Anarchy-Dynasty

1526 AD-1947 AD

20

7.Magadha/Nepal/Kashmir

4159 BC-798 AD

386

8.Pandya-Dynasty

1200 BC-1100 BC

9.Vjanju Shahi-Dynasty

964 AD-1026 AD

10.Brihadratha-Dynasty

1700 bC-550 AD

24

11.Pradyota-Dynasty

799 BC-684 AD

12.Haryanka-Dynasty

684 AD-424 BC

13

13.Shanka-Dynasty

650 BC-500 BC

14.Nanda-Dynasty

424 BC-321 BC

15.Muraya-Dynasty

324 BC-184 BC

16.Shunga-Dynasty

185 BC-73 BC

10

17.Kanya-Dynasty

73 BC-26 BC

18.Western Kshatrapas

119 AD-380 AD

27

19.Gupta-Dynasty

240 AD-550 AD

15

20.Bana-Dynasty

1190 AD-1260 AD

10

21.Paramara-Empires

800 AD-1305 AD

25

REMARKA

33
22.Kadava-Dynasty
23.Hemu-Dynasty

1216 AD-1279 AD
1501 AD-1556 AD

2
1

24.Early Pandya-Dynasty

3rd CenBC-3rd Cen AD

11

25. First Pandya-Empires

6th Cen AD-10th Cen

AD

13

26. Chola-Pandya

10th Cen AD-13th Cen

AD

15

27. Pandya-Revival

13th Cen AD-14th Cen

AD

28. Pandalam-Empire

1200 AD

29.Persian AchaemenidDynasty

538 BC-330 BC

13

30.Argead-Dynasty

808 BC-289 BC

34

31.Seleucd Diadochi

323 BC-321 BC

32.Arab Umayyad Caliphate

711 AD-750 AD

33. Chera-Dynasty

400 BC-1314 AD

17

34.Kulashekara-Dynasty

1020 AD-1314 AD

12

35.Satavahana-Dynasty

230 Bc-199 AD

30

36.Hellentstic FuthydemusDynasty

221 BC-85 BC

18

37.Sangam-Chola-Dynasty

240 AD-220 AD

38.Chola-Emperors

848 AD-1279 AD

20

39.North-Eastern India

90 BC-10 AD

13

40.Apraca Raja Rulers

[Bajaur area]

12 bC-45 AD

41.Parata Raja [Baluchistan

area[

125 CE-300 CE

11

42.Mathura Area

20 BC-20 AD

43. Vaghela-Dynasty

1243 AD-1304 AD

44. Samma-Dynasty

1335 AD-1527 AD

16

45. 1st Lohara-Dynasty

1003 AD-1101 AD

Swami
Ayyapan

34
46. 2nd Lohara-Dynasty

1101 AD-1172 AD

47. Vuppadeva-Dynasty

1172 AD-1286 AD

48. Rathania-Kingdom

1095 AD-1952 AD

31

49. Bhadrmukhas-Dynasty

78 AD-385 AD

28

50.Minor Local Rulers

51.Western Sayraps

119 CE-395 CE

29

52.Indo-Pakistan Rulers

21 AD-100 AD

53.Kushan-Dynasty

80 AD-225 AD

54.Early Pallvas

275 AD-355 AD

55.Middle Pallavas

350 AD-537 AD

12

56.Latter Pallvas

537 AD-882 AD

11

57.Kadamas of Banavasi

345 AD-525 AD

10

58.Triparvatha Branch

455 AD.

59.Western-Ganga Dynasty
of Talakad

350 AD-999 AD

26

60.Eastern Ganga-Dynasty

890 AD-1434 AD

16

61.Gajapati-Kingdom

1435 AD-1541 AD

62.Bohi-Dynasty

1541 AD-1818 AD

18

63.Alupa-Kings

450 CE-1390 CE

33

64.Gonda-Kings

870 AD-1751 AD

19

65.Chalikya of Badami

543 AD-753 AD

66.Rashtrakuta-Emperors

753 AD-982 AD

15

67.Tomars or Tuars

736 AD-1192 AD

36

68.Chogyal-Sikkim

1642 AD-1975 AD

12

69.Chogyal-Ladakh

1470 AD-1834 AD

70.Kalyani-Chalukyas

..-1184 AD

14

71.Western-Chalukya
Empires

982 AD-1150 AD

21

72.Chalukyas of Kalyani

973 AD-1200 AD

13

73.Shashanka-Dynasty

600 AD-625 AD

35
74.Harsha-Dynasty

606 AD-647 AD

75.Brahmin Shahi-Dynasty

890 AD-964 AD

76.Janjua Shahi-Dynasty

964 AD-1026 AD

77.Paramaras of Malwa

800 AD-1305 AD

25

78.Seuna Yadavas of
Devagiri

850 AD-1334 AD

29

79.Hoysala-Dynasty

1000 Ad-1346 AD

11

80.Kalachuri [Southern]
Dynasty

1130 AD-1184 AD

81.Jaffna-Kingdom

1215 AD-1619 AD

21

82.Sena-Dynasty

1070 AD-1230 AD

83.Gujara-pratihara-Rulers

650 AD-1036 AD

17

84.Pala-Dynasty

756 AD-1174 AD

18

85.Mamluk-Dynasty of Delhi

1206 AD-1290 AD

10

86.Khilji-Dynasty

1290 AD-1320 AD

87.Tughlaq-Dynasty

1321 AD-1413 AD

88.Said-Dynasty

1414 AD-1451 AD

89.Lodi-Dynasty

1451 AD-1526 AD

90.Ghorids -Dynasty

1390 AD-1436 AD

91.Khilji-Dynasty

1436 AD-1531 AD

92.Qadirid

1535 AD-1542 AD

93.Shajaatid

1555 AD-1562 AD

94.Bahamani-Sultanate

1322 AD-1527 AD

18

95.Vakata-Dynasty

250 AD-1652 AD

10

96.Venkata-Dynasty Branch

330 AD-500 AD

97.Western Chalukya-kings

450 AD-..

34

98.Sangam-Dynasty

1336 AD-1660 AD

12

99.Saluva-Dynasty

1485 AD-1505 AD

100.Tuluva-Dynasty

1491 AD-1570 AD

101.Arvid-Dynasty

1542 AD-1646 AD

36
102.Mediew-Chou-Kings

848 AD-1279 AD

22

103.Velanati-Chodas

1076 AD-1207 AD

104.Madurai-NayakaDynasty

1529 AD-1743 AD

15

105.Nayakas of Kandey

1739 AD-1815 AD

106.Jaintia-kingdom

1500 AD-1835 AD

23

107.Koravi-Dynasty

108.Qutb Shahi-Dynasty

1518 AD-1687 AD

109.Mughal-Dynasty

1526 AD-1857 AD

23

110. Peshawas-Dynasty

1640 AD-1818 AD

17

111.Maratha-Empire

1674 AD-1818 AD

112.Chatrapatis at Satara

1707 AD-1839 AD

113.Chatrapatis at Kolhapur

1700 AD-1947 AD

15

114.Maratha-Kings of
Thanjavur

..-1832 AD

115.Nasiri-Dynasty

1717 AD-1740 AD

116.Afshar-Dynasty

1740 AD-1757 AD

117.Nafaji-Dynasty

1757 AD-1880 AD

12

118.Reddy-Kings

1325 AD-1448 AD

119.Ganapathi-Kings

1434 AD-1541 AD

120.Kakatuya-Dynasty

1000 AD-1323 AD

121.Devarakonda-Dynasty

1287 AD-1475 AD

122.Wodeyar-Dynasty

1399 AD-1792 AD

21

123.Wodeyar-Dynasty
[restored]

1799 AD-1950

124.Sikh-King

1801 AD-1849 AD

125.Venkatagiri-Kings

..-.

126.Keladi-Nayak

1499 AD-1763 AD

17

127.Mithurajas

655 CE-851 CE

128.Eastern-Chalukya-Kings

624 AD-1075 AD

26

129.Western-Chalukya-Kings

957 AD-1200 AD

12

37
130.Kalachuri-Dynasty

131.Nayakas of Chitra
Durgas

1300 AD-1799 AD

13

132.Banja-Dynasty

1819 AD-1947 AD

133.Ahom-Kingdom

1228 AD-1838 AD

41

134.Kamarupa-Kingdom

350 CE-655 CE

14

135.Khen-Dynasty

1185 AD-1498 AD

16

136.Naraka-Dynasty

137.Indo-Parthian

..

138.Ahir-Kings

24

139.Ror-Dynasty

450 BC-489 AD

42

140.Samma-Dynasty

1335 AD-1527 AD

16

141.Aravidu-Dynasty

1542 AD-1649 AD

11

142.Generalogy of Pallavas

29

143.Kings of Kashmir and

Jammu

1846 AD-1949 AD

144.Marwar Rathore

1250 AD-1459 Ad

13

145.Marwar Rathore
[Jodhpur]

1459 AD-1947 AD

28

146.Silharas of Kolhapur

940 AD-1212 AD

12

147.Bundela Rajas of Panna

-1950 AD

14.

148.List of Bundela-Kings

1650 AD-1947

15

149.List of Rulers of Jejaka

Bhukti

..

20

150.Barman-Dynasty

350 AD-594 AD

13

151.Salastambha-Dynasty

650 AD-765 AD

152.Brahmapaal-Dynasty

970 AD-1195 AD

13

153.Pusapati-Kingdom

..

23

154.Kota-Kingdom

1100 AD-1268 AD

155.Vakataka-Dynasty

250 AD-500 AD

16

156.Chandel-Dynasty

..

20

38
157.Maitraka-Dynasty

470 AD-776 AD

20

158.Pushyabhuti-Dynasty

450 AD-647 AD

159.Maukhari-Dynasty

525 AD-606 AD

160.Chauhan-Dynasty

.-1192 AD

161.Gujara-PratiharaDynasty

-1036 AD

18

162.Gaharwal-Dynasty

1090 AD-1194 AD

163.Chalukya-Dynasty of
Vengi

615 AD-1118 AD

27

164.Mirza [Swati]-Dynasty

1339 AD-1561

18

165.Llyas Shahi-Dynasty

1342 AD-1487 AD

14

166.Faruqi-Dynasty

1382 AD-1601 AD

15

167.Sharqi-Dynasty

1394 AD-1479 AD

168.Muzaffar Shahi-Dynasty

1391 AD-1583 AD

18

169.Surya-Dynasty

1434 AD-1541 AD

170.Adil Shahi-Dynasty

1490 AD-1696 AD

10

171.Imad Shahi-Dynasty

1490 AD-1572 AD

172.Hindu-Dynasty

1415 AD-1442 AD

173.Kararani-Dynasty

1561 AD-1576 AD

174.Rana-Dynasty

-1930 AD

33

175.Sur-Dynasty

-1555 AD

176.Rulers of Alwarstal

1775 AD-2009 AD

177.Islamic Rulers of Mysore

1766 AD-1799 AD

178.Barman-Dynasty again

790 AD-910 AD

Chapter-3
INDIAN PRINCELY STATES - [272]

PRINCELY STATES

PERIOD

TOTAL
RULERS

REMARKS

39
1.Ajaygarh

1731 AD-1947 AD

15

IV-30

2.Akalkot

1708 AD-1948 AD

11

3.Alipura

1757 AD-1947 AD

10

4.Aliraipur

.-1947 AD

12

5.Alwar

1775 AD-1947 AD

6.Amarnagar

1883 AD-1947 AD

7.Ambliara

1689 AD-1847 AD

8.Angul

..-1848 AD

9.Arkat

1692 AD-1842 AD

14

10.Assam

1679 AD-1838 AD

20

11.Athgarh

1681 AD-1947 AD

12

12.Aundh

1699 AD-1948 AD

11

13.Avuku

1691 AD-1805 AD

14.Awadh

1732 AD-1858 AD

16

15.Baghal

1670 AD-1947 AD

12

16.Baghat

1777 AD-1947 AD

17.Balasinor

1758 AD-1947 AD

18.Balsan

..-1947 AD

19.Bamra

1673 AD-1947 AD

11

20.Banaras

1740 AD-1947 AD

21.Banda

1790 AD-1858 AD

22.Bangahal

1709 AD-1770 AD

23.Banganapalle

1686 AD-1947 AD

14

V-3

24.Bansda

-1947 AD

14

IV-12

25.Banswara

1688 AD-1947 AD

13

26.Baoni

1784 AD-1947 AD

27.Baramba

1679 AD-1935 AD

28.Baraundha

1790 AD-1947 AD

29.Bariya

1720 AD-1947 AD

12

30.Baroda

1721 AD-1947 AD

23

IV-39

V-2

IV-11

V-4

IV-1

40

31.Barwani

1680 AD-1947 AD

13

32.Bashahr

..-1947 AD

12

33.Basholi

1693 AD-1836 AD

34.Bastar

1680 AD-1947 AD

13

35.Baudh

1874 AD-1947 AD

36.Beri-Bundelkhand

1753 AD-1947 AD

37.Bhadrawa

1691 AD-1821 AD

38.Bhajji

..-1947 AD

39.Bharatpur

1752 AD-1947 AD

20

IV-36

40.Bhavnagar

1660 AD-1947 AD

10

IV-14

41.Bhopal

1723 AD-1947 AD

19

V-5

42.Bhor

1697 AD-1947 AD

11

43.Bija

1815 AD-1947 AD

44.Bijawar

1765 AD-1947 AD

IV-29

45.Bikanir

1698 AD-1947 AD

12

IV-6

46.Bilaspur

1665 AD-1947 AD

10

47.Bonai

1804 AD-1947 AD

48.Bundi

1696 AD-1947 AD

10

49.Calicut

1684 AD-.

50.Cannanore

1691 AD-1947 AD

17

51.Chamba

1690 AD-1947 AD

14

52.Changbhakar

1819 AD-1947

53.Chanderi

1646 AD-1858 AD

10

54.Charkhari

1765 AD-1947 AD

IV-28

55.Chhatapur

1785 AD-1947 AD

IV-27

56.Chhota Udaipur

1743 AD-1947 AD

10

IV-16

57.Chhuikadan

1750 AD-1947 AD

58.Chuda

1706 AD-1947 AD

VI-21

41
59.Danta

1687 AD-1947 AD

13

60.Daphlapur

1680 AD-1917 AD

10

61.Darkoti

-1947 AD

62.Daspalla

1653 AD-1947 AD

11

63.Datia

1683 AD-1947 AD

64.Dewas

1728 AD-1947 AD

11

65.Dewas

1728 AD-1947 AD

12

66.Dhami

1778 AD-1947 AD

67.Dhar

1728 AD-1947 AD

17

68.Dharampur

1680 AD-1947 AD

14

69.Dhenkanal

1682 AD-1947 AD

13

70.Dholpur

1699 AD-1947 AD

13

71.Dhrangadhra

1672 AD-1947 AD

13

72.Dhrol

1644 AD-1947 AD

15

73.Dhurwal

-..

74.Dujana

1806 AD-1947 AD

75.Dungapur

1691 AD-1947 AD

10

76.Faridkot

1643 AD-1947 AD

22

77.Farrukhabad

1714 AD-1802 AD

78.Gangpur

..-1944 AD

11

79.Gondal

1679 AD-1947 AD

14

80.Guler

1695 AD-1813 AD

81.Gwalior

1731 AD-1936 AD

19

82.Hyderabad

1720 AD-1948 AD

10

83.Hindol

1691 AD-1947 AD

11

84.Idar

1679 AD-1947 AD

13

85.Ahmadnagar

1791 AD-1843 AD

86.Morasa

1791 AD-1821 AD

87.Baad

1791 AD-1826 AD

IV-13

V-7

V-8

IV-26

IV-18

42
88.Soor [Sur}

1791 AD-1855 AD

89.Indaur [Indore]

1731 Ad-1947 AD

19

90.Jafarbad

1650 AD-1947 AD

26

91.Jaipur

1699 AD-1947 AD

11

92.Jaisalmer

1661 AD-1947 AD

10

93.Jaitpur

-1849 AD

94.Jalaun

1776 AD-1840 AD

95.Jambhughoda

-1947 AD

96.Jamkhand

1811 AD-1947 AD

97.Jaora

1818 AD-1947 AD

98.Jasdan

-1947 AD

99.Jashpur

-1947 AD

100.Jaso

1732 AD-1947 AD

12

101.Bandhora

1750 AD-

102.Jaswan

-------------=1815 AD

103.Jath

1686 AD-1947 AD

13

104.Jawhar

1678 AD-1947 AD

14

105.Jhabua

1677 AD-1947 AD

10

106.Jhalawar

1838 AD-1947 AD

107.Jhansi

-1858 AD

13

108.Jigni

1730 AD-1947 AD

109.Jind

1763 AD-1947 AD

11

110.Jobat

-1947 AD

111.Jodhpur

1679 AD-1947 AD

19

112.Jubbal

1699 AD-1947 AD

12

113.Junagdh

1748 AD-1948 AD

12

114.Kachh

1697 AD-1947 AD

18

115.Kachhi Baroda

1864 AD-1947 AD

116.Kalahandi

1693 AD-1947 AD

10

IV-2

V-9

43
117.Kalsia

1763 AD-1947 AD

118.Kamadhia

1817 AD-1947 AD

119.Kambay

1730 AD-1947 AD

120.Kamta Rajaula

1812 AD-.

121.Kangra

1697 AD-1823 AD

122.Kanika

..-1817 AD

123.Kanker

-1947 AD

11

124.Kapurthala

1772 AD-1947 AD

125.Karuli

1688 AD-1947 AD

17

126.Kashtwar

1681 AD-1820 AD

10

127.Kathiwada

-1947 AD

128.Kawardha

1751 AD-1947 AD

129.Keonjhar

1688 AD-1947 AD

12

130.Keonthal

-1947 AD

131.Khairagarh

1898 AD-1947 AD

132.Khandpara

1675 AD-1947 AD

12

133.Khaneti

.-1947 AD

134.Kharsawan

1857 AD-1947 AD

135.Khilchipur

1679 AD-1947 AD

13

136.Khirasra

.-1947 AD

137.Kishangarh

1658 AD-1947 AD

14

138..Koch Bihar

1665 AD-1947 AD

26

139.Kochin

1697 AD-1947 AD

24

140.Kodagu

1687 AD-1834 AD

141.Kolaba

1698 AD-..

12

142.Kolhapur

1710 AD-1947 AD

20

143.Korea

-1947 AD

11

144.Kota [Kotah]

1685 AD-1947 AD

13

145Kotkhai

1812 AD-1828 AD

IV-33

IV-3

IV-5

44
146.Kullu

1688 AD-1840 AD

147.Kumharsain

..-1947 AD

11

148.Kunihar

1763 AD-1947 AD

149.Kurandvad [Junior
branch]

1854 AD-1947 AD

11

150.Kurandvad [Senior
branch]

1733 AD-1947 AD

10

151.Kurnool

1690 AD-1839 AD

152.Kurwai

1713 AD-1947 AD

12

153.Kuthar

1776 AD-1947 AD

154.Kutlehar

..-1825 AD

155.Lakhtar

1696 AD-1947 AD

11

156.Lathi

1750 AD-1947 AD

157.Loharu

1806 AD-1947 AD

158.Lunavada

1674 AD-1947 AD

13

159.Mahisur [Mysore]

1673 AD-1949 AD

20

160.Mahlog

-1947 AD

161.Maharatta [Satara]

1674 AD-1857 AD

20

162.Nagpur

1734 AD-1853 AD

163.Tanjur

1684 AD-1855 AD

13

164.Maihar

1778 AD-1947 AD

165.Makrai

1663 AD-1947 AD

14

166.Maler Kotla

1672 AD-1947 AD

14

167.Malpur

..-1947 AD

10

168.Manavadar

1733 AD-1948 AD

169.Mandi

1684 AD-1947 AD

170.Mangal

.-1947 AD

171.Manipur

1665 AD-1949 AD

25

172.Mansa

----------1947 AD

17

173.Mayurbhanj

1699 AD-1947 AD

14

V-11

45
174.Miraj [Junior branch]

1820 AD-1909 AD

175.Miraj [Senior branch]

1750 AD-1947 AD

176.Mohanpur

1793 AD-1947 AD

177.Morvi

1697 AD-1947 AD

10

178.Mudhol

1662 AD-1947 AD

12

179.Muhammadgarh

1842 AD-1947 AD

180.Multhan

1657 AD-1947 AD

10

181.Nabha

1718 AD-1947 AD

182.Nagodh

1685 AD-1947 AD

183.Nalagarh

1618 AD-1947 AD

12

184.Nandgaon

1865 AD-1947 AD

185.Narsingarh

1872 AD-1947 AD

186.Narsinghpur

1671 AD-1947 AD

11

187.Nawanagar

1690 AD-1947 AD

13

188.Nayagarh

............-1947 AD

10

189.Nilgiri

1611 AD-1947 AD

190.Nurpur

1661 AD-1815 AD

191.Orchha

1689 AD-1947 AD

14

192.Pal Lahara

.-1947 AD

11

193.Palanpur

1688 AD-1947 AD

18

194.Palitana

1697 AD-1947 AD

11

195.Panjab

1801 AD-1849 AD

196.Panna

1675 AD-1947 AD

14

197.Partabagh

1673 AD-1947 AD

12

198.Pataudi

1804 AD-1947 AD

199.Patdi

-1947 AD

13

200.Pathari

1807 AD-1947 AD

201.Patiala

1761 AD-1947 AD

11

202.Patna

1685 AD-1947 AD

10

IV-25

IV-32

IV-23

IV-19

IV-7

46
203.Phaltan

1693 AD-1947 AD

204.Pipaloda

..-1947 AD

205.Poonch

1901 AD-1936 AD

206.Porahat

..-1858 AD

207.Porbandar

1699 AD-1947 AD

10

208.Pudukkttai

1686 AD-1847 AD

10

209.Radhanpur

1708 AD-1947 AD

13

210.Raigarh

1825 AD-1947 AD

211.Rajauri

1683 AD-1846 AD-

212.Rajgarh

1638 AD-1947 AD

15

213.Rajkot

1694 AD-1947 AD

13

214.Rajpipla

1705 AD-1947 AD

13

215.Ramdurg

1753 AD-1947 AD

216.Rampur

1719 AD-1947 AD

13

217.Ranasan

...-1947 AD

15

218.Ranpur

1692 AD-1947 AD

219.Ratesh

1781 AD-1947 AD

220.Ratlam

1695 AD-1947 AD

15

221.Rewa

1690 AD-1947 AD

11

222.Sachin

1791 AD-1947 AD

223.Sakti

......-1947 AD

224.Sambalpur

1690 AD-1849 AD

225.Samthar

1817 AD-1947 AD

226.Sandur

1713 AD-1947 AD

11

227.Sangli

1801 AD-1947 AD

14

228.Sangri

1703 AD-1947 AD

229.Sanjeli

...-1947 AD

230.Sant

-1947 AD

231.Sarangarh

.-1947 AD

13

IV-35

IV-24

IV-37

47
232.Sarila

1755 AD-1947 AD

233.Savantvadi

1675 AD-1947 AD

23

234.Savanur

1686 AD-1947 AD

17

235.Sayla

1751 AD-1947 AD

236.Seraikella

1620 AD-1947 AD

237.Shahpura

1685 AD-1947 AD

14

238.Shailana

1730 AD-1947 AD

11

239.Siba

..-1848 AD

240.Sirmur

1684 AD-1947 AD

18

241.Sirohi

1697 AD-1947 AD

14

242.Sitamau

1701 AD-1947 AD

243.Sohawal

..-1947 AD

12

244.Sonepur

1680 AD-1947 AD

13

245.Suket

1663 AD-1947 AD

11

246.Sundem

1763 AD-

247.Surat

1733 AD-1842 AD

11

248.Surgana

1818 AD-1947 AD

249.Surguja

1678 AD-1947 AD

13

250.Talcher

1651 AD-1947 AD

13

251.Tehri Garhwal

1665 AD-1947 AD

15

252.Thanesar

1760 AD-1850 AD

253.Tharad

1759 AD-1947 AD

254.Tharoch

1787 AD1947 AD

255.Tigiria

1682 AD-1947 AD

256.Tiruvidamkodu

1678 AD-1947 AD

17

257.Tork

1817 AD-1947 AD

258.Tripura

1695 AD1947 AD

27

259.Udaipur [Mewar]

1698 AD-1947 AD

14

260.Udaipur

1818 AD-1847 AD

48
261.Utkala

1690 AD-1871 AD

10

262.Vala [Vallabhipur]

1740 AD-1947 AD

10

263.Valasna

1812 AD-1947 AD

264.Vankaner

1679 AD-1947 AD

265.Vijayanagar

.-1947 AD

27

266.Wadagam

..-1947 AD

267.Wadhwan

1681 AD-1947 AD

12

268.Wao

..-1947 AD

11

269.Zainabad

.-1947 AD

270.Mysore

1799 AD-1947 AD

271.Dholpur Rana

1806 AD-1948 AD

272.Chogyals of Sikkim

1642 AD-1875 AD

12

Chapter-4
LIST OF MAHARAJA STATES - [39]
MAHARAJAS

PERIOD

TOTAL OF
RULERS

1.Maharajas of Baroda

1721 AD-1988 AD

15

2.Maharajas of Indore

1731 AD-1948 AD

14

3.Maharajas of Kolhapur

1874 AD-1022 AD

4.Maharajas of Travancore

1729 AD-1947 AD

13

5.Maharajas of Kotah

1909 AD-1949 AD

6.Maharajas of Bikaner

1880 AD-1943 AD

15

7.Maharajas of Patiala

8.Maharajas of Cochin

..-1964 AD

42

9.Maharajas of Bihar [Koch]

1515 AD-1586 AD

9/A. Rulers of Koch Bihar

21

9/B. Rulers of Koch Hajo

9/C. Rulers of Darrang

REMARKS

49
9/D. Rulers of Betala

9/E. Rulers of Bijni

10

9/F. Rulers of Khaspur

10.Maharajas of Daria

1706 AD-1947 AD

11.Maharajas of Balasinor

1758 AD-1947 AD

12.Maharaja of Bansda

1829 AD-1947 AD

13.Maharajas of Dhrol

1845 AD-1947 AD

14.Maharajas of Bhavnagar

1660 AD-1947 AD

11

15.Maharajas of Khambhat

1735 AD-1947 AD

16.Maharajas of Chota
Udaipur

1762 AD-1947 AD

17.Maharajas of Dhran
Gadhra

1782 AD-1947 AD

18.Maharajas of Idar

1731 AD-1992 AD

12

19.Maharajas of Orchha

1501 AD-1950 AD

25

20.Maharajas of Athmalik

1874 AD-1947 AD

21.Maharajas of Bastar
[Banja-Dynasty

1819 AD-1947 AD

22.Maharajas of Banaili

23.Maharajs of Nawannagar

1690 AD-1947 AD

11

24.Maharajas of Ralkot

1620 AD-1947 AD

15

25.Maharajas of Morbi

1698 AD-1947 AD

12

26.Maharajas of Gondal

..-1958 AD

10

27.Maharajas of Chhatapur

1785 AD-1947 AD

28.Maharajas of Charkhari

1756 AD-1947 AD

29.Maharajas of Bijawar
[Bondela-Dynasty]

1769 AD-1947 AD

30.Maharajas of Ajaigarh

1048 AD-

31

31.Maharajas of Rajarshi

1874 AD-1922 AD

32.Maharajas of Narsingh
Garh

V-1

V-6

50
33.Maharajas of KangraLambagraon

34.Maharajas of Gujar Khan

35.Maharajas of Pudukkoyyai

1686 AD-1948 AD

36.Maharajas of Bharatpur

.-1947 AD

18

37.Maharajas of Rewa

1495 AD-1950 AD

18

38.Maharajas of Kutch

1698 AD-1991 AD

19

39.Maharajas of Alwar

1775 AD-2009 AD

Chapter-5
LIST OF NAWABS STATES- [40]
NAWABS

PERIOD

TOTAL OF
RULERS

REMARKS

1.Nawab of Balasinor

III-17 &IV11

2.Nawab of Arcot [Carnatic]

III-9

3.Nawab of Banganapalle

III-23

4.Nawab of Baoni

III-26

5.Nawab of Bhopal

III-41

6.Nawab of Cambay

IV-15

7.Nawab of Dujana

III-74

8.Nawab of Farrukhabad

III-77

9.Nawab of Jaora

III-97

10.Nawab of Junagadh
11.Nawab of Kurwai

III-152

12.Nawab of Maler Kotla

13.Nawab of Basai
14.Nawab of Muzari
15.Nawab of Muhammadgar

III-179

16.Nawab of Palanpur

III-193

51
17.Nawab of Paraudi

III-198

18.Nawab of Radhanpur

III-208

19.Nawab of Rampur

III-216

20.Nawab of Sachin

III-222

21.Nawab of Ashwath
22.Nawab of Savanpur
23.Nawab of Tork

III-257

24.Nawab of Awadh

III-14

25.Nawab of Bengal
26.Nawab of Surat

III-247

27.Nawab of Maeauli
28.Nawab of Patna

III-202

29.Nawab of Amb
30.Nawab of Bahawalpur
31.Nawab of Janjua
32.Nawab of Kalabagh
33.Nawab of Multan
34.Nawab of Sukaur
35.Nawab of Thatta
36,Nawab of Mamdot
37.Nawab of Warcha
38.Nawab of Rojhani Mazati
39.Nawab of Gumbat
40.Nawab of Hyderabad

III-82

Chapter-6
GOVERMORS GENERAL OF INDIA- [4]
1.Governors General of India

1773 AD-1833 AD

14

2.Governor General Of India

1833 AD-1858 AD

52
3.Governors General and
Viceroys of Indian

1858 AD-1947 AD

24

4.Governors General of India

1947 AD-1950 AD

Chapter-7
PRESIDENT OF INDIA -[1]
Presidents of India

1950 AD-2007

12

Chapter-8
PRIMINSTER OF INDIA-[1]
Priminster of India

1947 AD-2004 AD

17

Chapter-9
GOVERNERS ANDHRA PRADESH-{1]
Andhra Pradesh Governors

1953 AD-2009 AD

22

Chapter-10
CHIEF MINISTERS OF HYDERABAD STATE- [1]
Chief Ministers of Andhra
Pradesh

1950 AD-1956 AD

Chapter-11
CHIEF MINISTERS OF ANDHRA STATE- [1]
Chief Ministers of Andhra
state

1953 AD-1956 AD

Chapter-12

53
CHIEF MINISTERS OF ANDHRA PRADESH[1]
Chief Ministers of Andhra
Pradesh

1956 AD-2010 AD

21

8. THE PICTURE OF THE SETHU, VARADHI (the great bridge):

This parts gives an insight into the way Rama undertook a hectic journey on foot to the
Southern tip of the country and the way he got the endless bridge ( The great Sethu or
Varadhi ) constructed across the Southern Ocean to reach the city of Lanka . The great Sethu
was constructed with trees and rocks. This consists of natures bounty. The length and width
of the bridge was calculated in yojana units in the Ramayana. He section also throws light
on the changes that the great Sethu underwent, Owing to the vagaries of nature. So the
chapter becomes eighth in the order.
VIII. The picture of the Sethu, Varadhi (The great bridge)

5. Trees seen at the bridge

C. Sahyadri mountain ranges divided into 9 parts
Vavulmala
2,339 southern sahayadri
Kerala
Kudermukh
1,892 central sayahadri
Karnataka
Pushpagiri
1,713 southern sahayadri
Karnataka
Mahendra giri
1.654
Kerala, Tamailanadu
Kalsubai
1,646 north sahayadri
Maharashtra
Salhar
1,567 north sahayadri
Maharashtra
Ballalrayan durga 1,504 central sahayadri
Karnataka
Pratapgarah
1,438 sahayadri range
Maharashtra
Kodachadri
1,343 middle sahayadri
Karnataka
D. At the bottom of the names used in the construction of Sethu described in the
present day, the scribe.
1.Terminalia Glabra.
2.Terminalia Tomentosa.
3.Terminallia Berry.
4.Termed Acaia Catechu, Mimas acatechu.
5.Bombusa, Arundinacea.
6.Polygomum Barbatum.
7.Palygomum Barbatum.
8.Alangiuna Decooetalum.
9.not found botanical name
10.=Bengal Quince Aegle maremlos
11.Plantain tree,Banana tree.
12.Cochlaspermum Gossypium.
13.Mangifera India
14.jonesia Asoka
15. Pomegranate tree

54

16.cocoanu
tree
17.Teqminalia Beilerica
18.Mimusopselengi
19.Acacia Arabica
20.Nim tree
21.grass , Gramineous plant
E. Number of Vanaras worked on the construction of sethu
1. 1= Ekham
2. 10=10^1= Dasham
3. 100=10^2= Shatam
4.1,000=10^3= Sahasram
5.100,000=10^5= Laksha
6.10,000,000=10^7= Shata Laksha
7.1000, 000,000=10^9= Shatakoti = Shanka
8.100,000,000,000=10^11= shata shanka =Maha Shanka
9.10,000,000,000,000=10^13=Shata maha Shanka =Brunda
10.1000, 000,000,000,000=10^15=Shata Brunda=Maha Brunda
11.100,000,000,000,000,000=10^17= Shata Maha Brunda=Padma
12.10,000,000,000,000,000,000=10^19= Shata Padma=Maha Padma
13.1000, 000,000,000,000,000,000=10^21= Shata Maha Padma=Kharva
14.100,000,000,000,000,000,000,000=10^23= Shata Kharva=Maha Kharva
15.10,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000=10^25= Shata Maha Kharva=Samudra
16.1000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000=10^27=Shata Samudra=Maha Samudra
17.10, 000, 000, 000,000,000,0000,000,000,000=10^29=Shata Maha Samudra =Ogham
18.10.000.000.000.000.000.000,000,000,000,000=10^31=Shata Ogham=Maha Ogham
19.1000, 000, 000, 000, 000.000.000.000.000.000.000=10^33= Shata Maha Ogham
20.100,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000=10^35= Sahasra Maha Ogham
21.10,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000=10^37=Laksha Maha Ogham
22.1000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000=10^39= Koti Maha Ogham

F. The time taken for the construction of Setu.

Days
Yojanas
Kilometer
Miles
1st day
14
111.408554334
69.226066238
2nd day
20
159.15507762
98.89438034
3rd day
21

55

167.112831501
103.839099357
4th day
22
175.070585382
108.7838188374
5th day
23
183.028339263
113.728537391
5 days
100
795.7753881
494.471901
III.. Vegetation - Status
A. Parts of the tree

II. Procedure to determine the age of the tree.

We are trees for the future estimate that our agro forestry tree, planted in tropical climate,
will sequester atmosphere carbon dioxide at an average of 50 pounds of carbon dioxide
per tree per year. The rate of carbon sequestration depends on the growth characteristics
of the tree species.
Roughly estimate the amount of CO sequestered in given tree, and if we divided by the
trees age a yearly sequestrated rate.
W=above ground weight of the tree in pounds
D=diameter of the trunk in inches
H=height of the tree in feet
For trees width D<11:
W=0.25Dfor tree width D>11:
W=0.5DH
Depending on the species, the coefficient could changes, and the variable D and H could

56

be raised to exponent just above or below1, however, these two equation could be seen
as on average of all the species equation.
Root system weight about 20% as much as the above weight of the tree. Therefore, to
determine the total green weight of the tree, multiply the above ground weight of the tree
by 120%.
Therefore, to determine the dry weight of the tree, multiply the weight of the tree by
72.5%
The weight of tree
The atomic weight of Carbon is=12.001115
The atomic weight of Oxygen is =15.9994
The weight of CO=C+2*O=43.999915
The ration of CO to C=43.99991512.001115=3.6663
Therefore to determine the weight of carbon dioxide sequestered in the tree, multiply the
weight of carbon in the tree by 3.6663.
Example-10 years old tree and tall 15 feet and trunk about 8 inches in diameter,
therefore;
W=0.25DH=0.25[8] [15]=240 lbs., green weight above ground
240 lbs.*120%=288 lbs., green weight (including root)
288 lbs.*72.5%=208.8 lbs. dry weight
208 lbs. *50%=104.4 lbs. Carbon
104.4 lbs.3.6663=382.76171=382.8 lbs., CO sequestered per year.
Wood chemistry; Fundamental and applications
By. Eero Sjostrom
Bark-bark is the layer external to the cambium, which surrounds the stem, branches, and
roots, amounting to about 10-15%, of the total weight of the tree. Debarked wood is
normally used for plumping and even traces of break residues detrimentally effects the
pulp quality, the resulting bark waste is usually burned under recovery of heat despite.
Extensive studies only a small fraction of bark is used to day, as raw material for
production of chemicals.
ANATOMY OF BARK-Bark is composed of several cell types and its structure is
complicated in comparison with wood. In addition to variations occurring within the
same species, depending and such factors as age growth conditions of the tree, each
species is characterized by specific features of its bark structure,
Bark a roughly believed into living inner bark or phloem and dead outer barker
rhytidome. The tissues of the bark substance are formed either by primary or secondary
growth. The primary growth means direct production of embryonic cell at the growing
points of the stem apex and their further development to primary tissues. Epidermis
cortex and primary phloem are primary tissues. The formation of secondary tissues takes
place in two special meristems, in vascular cambium, which produces the secondary
phloem, and in the cork cambium (phellogen), which generates periderm continuous
division of cells gives rise to several periderm layers. In nature bark the lost formed
periderm is the boundary between the inner and outer bark.
III. the lower parts of the tree stem
Endodermis

57

Tissue section

Dark in side

58

Inner Bark-The main components of inner bark are sieve elements, parenchyma cells,
and sclerenchyma matrons cells, sieve elements perform the function for transportation
of liquids and nutrients, more specially and according to their shape the sieve elements
are divided into sieve cells and sieve tubes. The former types are present in
gymnosperms, the later in angiosperms. The sieve elements are arranged in longitudinal
cell rows which are connected through sieve areas. The sieve cells are comparatively
narrow which tapering ends; whereas the sieve tubes are thicker and cylindrical. After 12 years, or after a longer time in the monocotyledons, the activity of the sieve elements
ceases and they are replaced by new elements.
Parenchyma cells have the function of storing nutrients and are located between the sieve
elements in the inner bark. Both vertical parenchyma cells and horizontal phloem rays
are present. The latter are direct continuations of the xylem rays, but much shorter.
Sclerenchymatous cells function as the supporting tissue observable in most tree species
as layers corresponding to the annual rings in xylem.
According to their shape two types are dusting usable; the best fibers, usually measuring
0.1-3mm in length and often arranged in tangential rows, and the sclerosis or stone cells,
which are short and rounded and located as layers between the sieve elements
Outer Bark-.The outer bark, which consists mainly of periderm or cork layers, protects
the wood tissues against mechanical damages and preserves it from temperature and
humidity variations. In most woody plants a periderm replaces the epidermis with in the
first tear of growth; the periderm in stems usually arises from the cork cambium in the
outer surface of bark, either in the sub epidermal layers or in the epidermis. The
fallowing epidermis are then formed in successively deeper layers of the bark or in the
best tissue. Cork tissue is predominantly formed in the outward direction, but some
division also occurs in ward resulting in so called phelloderm tissue resembling
parenchyma cells. Owing to this sequence the final rhytidome usually occurs as scaly
bark and, in addition to the cork cells, contains the same cells as those present in the best.
The cork cells, which consist of three thin layers are only rarely pitted, are arranged in
radial rows and die at an early stage. They are cemented together to tight tissue resisting
water and gases, because of different growth activity in the spring and in the late
summer. Separate layers are formed in the bark corresponding to the annual rings the
xylem.

59

As a dead tissue the rhytidome cannot expand and accommodate the radial growth of the
stem and is therefore crushed. The resulting from of the cracked bark depends on the
anatomical structure and ekisticity of the ryhtidome and is typical of each tree species.
Chemistry of bark-the chemical composition of bark is complicated, varies among the
different tree species and also depends on the morphogical elements involved. Many of
the constituents present in wood also occur in bark, although their proportions are
different. Typical of bark is its high such aspect ion and phenolic compounds as well as
suberins. The mineral content of bark is also much higher than that wood.
Shows the microscopic structure of wood as it appears to the necked eye, the centrally
located pith is dissemble as a dark stripe in the middle of the stem or branches. It
represents the tissue formed during the first year growth. The xylem or wood is
organized in concentric growth rings. It also contains rays in horizontal files, extending
from the outer bark either to the pith or to an annual ring same.
2. Physical srtcture of Great Sethu
A. The grate sethu
Length = 494.4719017 miles of Sethu
Width = 49.44719017 miles of Sethu
Maillu area = 24 450.246157
= 1 087.838184 miles of the perimeter of the World II
Rectangle Area
S=l w
= 24 450.246157
acre
15 648 157.5405
light year
7.075387 10-22
angstrom
6.332585 10+30
meter
63 325 846 841.7
are
633 258 468.417
microinch
9.815526 10+25
astronomical unit
2.829633 10-12
micrometer
6.332585 10+22
entimeter
6.332585 10+14
micron
6.332585 10+22
chain
156 481 575.405
mil
9.815526 10+19
decimeter
6.332585 10+12
mile
24 450.246157
dekameter
633 258 468.335

60
millimeter
6.332585 10+16
fathom
18 934 270 624.1
nanometer
6.332585 10+28
foot
681 633 742 466
nautical mile
18 462.862763
furlong
1 564 815.75405
parsec
6.650881 10-23
hectare
6 332 584.68417
picometer
6.332585 10+34
hectometer
6 332 584.68335
thou
9.815526 10+19
inch
9.815526 10+13
yard
75 737 082 496.2
kilometer
63 325.846842
Unit
Angle
=
arctan(w l)
Angle
=
arctan(l w)
arc-minute
342.660827
5 057.736944
arc-second
20 561.643009
303 493.639208
degree
5.710593
84.289407
gradian
6.345291
93.657659
radian
0.099669
1.471128
revolution
0.015863
0.234137
sextant
0.095179
1.404865
sign
0.190359
2.80973

61
Unit
all
Perimeter
p=
2 (l+w)
= 1 087.838184
Diagonal
d=
l+w
= 496.938111
length
l
= 494.471902
width
w
= 49.44719
centimeter
175 070 58
.397
79 974 436.7345
79 577 538.816
7 957 753.8817
decimeter
17 507 058.5397
7 997 443.67345
7 957 753.8817
795 775.388169
foot
5 743 785.61015
2 623 833.2262
2 610 811.64098
61 081.164098
inch
68 925 427.3218
31 485 998.7144
31 329 739.6917
3 132 973.96917
kilometer
1 750.705854
799.744367
795.775388
79.577539
meter
1 750 705.85397
799 744.367345
795 775.388169
79 577.538817
micron
1.750706 10+12
799 744 367 345
795 775 388 169
79 577 538 816.9
mile
1 087.838184
496.938111
494.471902
49.44719

62
millimeter
1 750 705 853.97
799 744 367.345
795 775 388.169
79 577 538.8169
yard
1 914 595.20338
874 611.075399
870 270.546992
87 027.054699

9. A VIEW OF THE CITY OF LANKA:

This chapter is a sequel to the preceding three chapters. In this book Grace of Sri Rama
(Sri Ramabdhi Shuktimani) the 8th, 9th chapters assumed a lot of importance. The city of
Lanka underwent transformation from its geological condition on account of the movement
of earth .The way it lost its original state and assumed a new state is explained from the
angle of modern Science.
IX. A view of the city of Lanka
I. The picture of the city Lanka
1. Demarkation of the City Lanka
2. Ancient sages -fixation of directions and cities
3. The Lanka City in Ramayana
4. The great personalities who ruled in the Vyvaswata epoch
5. The Lanka of Ravana and Simhala (Sri Lanka) as described in Markandeya mythology
6. The globe four sides -four Puras (Villages)
II. The Geographical status of Lanka
1. The livening style of Demons
2. The impact of the surrounding behind transformation in to demons
3. The population of demons in Lanka
4. The dimensions (area) of Lanka in Ramayana

Valmiki Ramayana-Kiskinda Khanda-`35 Sarga, 15 Shloka

Shatakotosahasrani lankaayam kila rakshasha:
Yayutaani cha shattrimshath Sahasraani shatanicha
Laksha kotla Mudu lakshala Aruvadi vela Rakshas living in the Lanka
=1000000360000
XIV. About Lankanagara various historians, scientists views:
The Lanka and Sri Lanka these are two difference islands as per below given evidences.
1. MIHIRA AND GUATEMALA
By Sreenath OG
// Madhyahnam bhadraswesshvastam kurushoottareshu ketumaalanam

63
Kurute (a) rtharatramudhyanadbharatavarshe yugapadarkah // Pancha Siddhantika]
[Sun rise in India [at Ujjain] is mid-day for the people of Bhadraswa, Sun set in Uttarakuru and midnight in Ketumala]
Four locations on earth longitudinally 90 degrees apart are mentioned in the above quota. As per
Mihira the longitudes of these four places areIndia (Ujjain) - 0 deg
Bhadraswa 90 deg East
Uttarakuru 180 deg North
Ketumala 90 deg West
Now days, we consider the longitude passing England as the prime Meridian [unlike Mihara who
considered the longitude passing Ujjain as per prime meridian] and so the longitude of Ujjain would
be 75 deg 43 min [75, 43 E). Thus Ujjain 7543 E, Bhadraswa 16545 E, Uttara Kuru 10417
W, Ketumala 1417 W [fig-1]
Please note that as per Mihira, Ketumala is not a place at 10417 W [in America] but at 1417 W
[in Africa]. Any way it is not necessary that, Uttara Kuru, Bhadraswa, Ketumala are actual place
names. It is not necessary that Mihira was geographical aware of the people and places in America
and Africa. Since Mihira was well aware about of the spherical shape of earth, this could be
hypothetical names he ascribes to 4 places90 deg, apart in globe.
Since Ujjain at 2309 N latitude, if there are real place they should be at corresponding latitude as
well.
Ujjain-2309N: 7543 E [24 N: 0 E as per Mihira]
Bhadraswa-2309 N: 16545 E [24 N: 90 E as per Mihira
Ketumala 2309 N: 1417 W [24 N: 90 W as per Mihira]
Uttara Kuru-2309 N: 10417 W [24 W: 180 W as per Mihira]
Mihira does not limit himself to the mention of these four hypothetical locations. That lie 90 deg
apart in the same longitude as that of Ujjain; he also mentions four hypothetical locations that lie 90
deg latitude [as the equator] as well the quite is as followsUdayo yo lankayam so (a) stamayaH sa viturva siddhapure
Madhyahno yamakotyam romakavishaye arthara saH
[Panch Siddhantika]
[Sunrise in Lanka is sunset in Siddhapura, mid-day in Yamakoti and mid-night in Romakapura]

64
For Mihira Lanka is the hypothetical place at 0 deg [near Sri Lanka] latitude in equator, and at the
same longitude as that of Ujjain [i.e a place in 0 deg lat-o deg lon as per Mihiras concepts] and
measurements we haveLanka-0000 N: 7543 E [0000 N: 0000 E as per Mihira]
Yamakoti-0000 N; 16545 E [0000 N: 90 E as per Mihira]
Romakapura-0000 N: 1417 W [0000 N; 90 W as per Mihira]
Siddhapura-0000 N; 10417 W [0000 N; 180 W as per Mihira] Fig 2
Thus in total we have details of 8 places as provided by Mihira as followsBharat Varsa 2309N; 7543 E

Lanka 0000N; 7543 E

Asia

Bhadraswa 2309 N; 16545 E

Yamakoti 0000 N; 16545 E

Pacific Ocean

Ketumala 2309 N; 1417 W

Ramakapura 0000 N; 1417 W

Africa

Uttarakuru 2309 n; 10417W

Siddhapura 0000 N; 10417 W

America

2. BIBLE IS REFERENCE TO KALIYUGA TIME COUNTING

returning to the Bible, we find that in Genesis 5, ten antediluvian patriarchs are named from Adam
to Noah the first of course, being Adam, who as we read wgwn he had lived 130 years become the
father of a Asmand named him seth continuing when Sethu had lived 105 years, he became the
father of Enash and likewise when, Enosh had lived 90 years ,he became the father of Kenon
when Kenon had lived 70 years, he became ,the father of Mahalalel and soon to when Lamech
had lived 182 years, he become the father of a son, and called his name Noah. Following of which,
we learn from Gen-7:6 that was 600 years old when that flood of water came upon the Earth.

Antediluvian kings

Years reign

Antediluvian Patriarchs

Years to be getting
of son

1. Aloros

36,000

Adam

130 years

2. Alaparos

16,800

Seth

105

3. Amelon

46,000

Enosh

90

4. Ammenon

43,200

Kenon

70

5. Mehalaros

64,800

Mahalalel

65

6. Daonos

36,000

Jared

162

7. Eudoraches

64,800

Enoch

65

8. Amempsinos

36,000

Methuselah

187

9. Opartes

28,800

Lamech

182

65
10. Xisuthors

64,800

Total years

432,000

Noah yrs to flood

600
1656

Between the total of brasses and the compilers of Genesis 5-7 there is apparently an irreconcilable
difference.both total contain 72 as a factor, this being the number of years required in the
precession of the equinoxes for an advance of 1 degree along the Zodiac 432,000 divided by 72
=6000, while 1656 divided to 23 but in the Jewish calendar, One year is recommends of 365 days.
Which number in 23 years plus the 51 leap years? Days of that period, amounts to 8,400 days or
1200 seven days weeks. Which last sum multiplied by 72 to finds the number of seven day week in
23x72 =1656 years, yields 1200x72=86,400 which is twice 432,000.one degree in 72 years.
3. SQUATTER XD
LEMURIA AND OTHERS-3
He Greeks copied their legends on Atlas and Atlantis from Hindu ones on Atlas [Shiva] and on
Attala, the Sunken Paradise of the Hindus. As in the Greek tradition, Atlaswhose name is Sanskrit
and means Pillar we deemed to be the Pillars of the world, just as was Atlas in Greek. Attala
was, like Atlants, a sunken continent destroyed by a fiery cataclysm, and which lay in outer ocean.
Since the Greek legend is of Hindu origin and was simply transferred to their Western region when
the Greeks moved to their present where about, it is idle to quest for Atlants in the Ocean nowadays
called Atlantic. Instead, we must seek Atlants in the Ocean which the Hindu called Ocean of the
Atlanteans or Western Ocean, and which is non-other than the Indian Ocean.
The Hindus have many traditions on a Sunken Continent that was the paradisial region where
mankind and Civilization first originated. One such was Tripura, the Triple City, When we recall
the fact that Atlantis was, like Tripura,a triple city with Metallic walls and Golden palaces. We
cannot but conclude that the two traditions, if indeed based on actual fact, refer to the one and same
thing. Moreover, as happened with Atlantis, the inhabitants of Tripura were originally extremely
pious. But, with the passage of time, they also became evil and perverse, and were destroyed by
Shiva. It is because of this feat that Shiva got the epithet of Tripurantaka {Destroyed of Tripura} as
with Lanka [see below] and Atlantis. Tripura was built upon a mountain so lofty, that it was said to
reside in skies.
Another Hindu legend on a sunken empire that was the archetype of Atlantis concerns Lanka, and is
told on detail in the Ramayana. The saga of the destruction of Lanka by Rama and Hanumant was
the original on which Homers Iliad was based. Just as the Ramayana tells the story of Lanka and
the rescue of Shita, the spouse of Rama kidnapped by the evil Ravana, the Iliad recounts the
destruction of Troy and the rescue of the fickle Helen, kidnapped by Paris. Troy, with its bronzy
walls and golden palaces was just one of the many allegories of Atlantis. In contrast to the small
village discovered by Schliemann in Turkey, the true troy lay in the Outer Ocean. It was a
magnificent capital and sank into the Ocean after its destruction and incensing in the Great War with
the Greek of an earlier age. The parallels between Troy and Atlantis are too many to be discarded.
And those between Platos Atlantis and the Lanka of the Hindus show, in an unequivocal manner,
that it is in the Far Orient and the undersea, and not in the Mediterranean region, that we must quest
for the real Troy and the real Atlantis.
The myth of the celestial Jerusalem, told in the book of Revelation, stems directly from the Hindu
traditions on Lanka, the Queen of the Waves. Lanka, whose history is told in the Ramayana, was

66
the actual archetype of Plats Atlants, as well as Homers Troy. Lanka was built upon a lofty
mountain [Mt Trikuta=mt. Atlas or Meru] , and was said to fly in the air scratching the belly of
haven. Hindu myths also tell how Lanka, with its towers and walls of stone clad with metal was
pulled out of the summit of the Holy Mountain [Meru] by the North wind {Vayu] and thrown into
the sea, where it drowned with all its vast population. Interestingly enough, the same myth, with
Atlas [i.e. Atlantis] substituting for Lanka, is also encountered in Greece. Atlas, often identified with
Hesperus, the evening star, was thrown into the Ocean by Boreas, the North wind who is the Greek
counterpart of Vayu. There atlas drowned, and was to be found no more, just as happened with
Lanka and, indeed, with Atlants.
Celtic traditions often speak of an island of the Lions. This mysterious island appears in Hindu
traditions as Saka-Dvipa or Simhala-Divpa [island of the Lions in Sanskrit]. This island of the
Lions also figures in many other different traditions. In Celtic traditions, the island of the Lion also
called Avalon. The name of Avalon has been interpreted both as Land of the Apple trees and as
Island of the Lions [Ava-lon]. This paradisial island is also called Lionesses [Lyon-ys or island of
the Lions] or Liyn Lion [lake lion], the lake which reputedly overwhelmed the whole world with
its water when it overflowed, causing the flood.
The island of Lions just mentioned is no other then the Simhala-Dvipa [or Serendip] of the Hindus.
Serendip is indeed the Island of the Seres [Seren-Dip], which is the same as Taprobane [Sumatra].
The seres are the people of the silk [Serica=Silk, in Latin]. They are described as a blond, blueeyed, tall people by Pliny, Solinus and others. As we just said Serendip is the same as Taprobane or
Sumatra, and should not be confused with Shri Lanka [Ceylon], its Indian Counterpart. The word
lion, in India, is synonymous with hero [Gandha or Simha in Skt, singa in Dravida, etc.], so that
the name of Simhala-Dvipaindeed means Island of the Heroes. And these Heroes of old are no
other than those of Atlantis, destroyed in the Flood, as mentioned in the Book of Genesis [ch.6].
Other legends make of Canopus-Argus the Co-ruler of Osiris in primordial Egypt. He ended by
usurping Osiers throne, and kidnapping Isis, the queen, but he was ultimately defeated and killed by
outraged king. All this is indeed, but a confused, obscure copy of the plot of the Ramayana. And the
primordial Egypt in question is no other than Lanka, the queen of the Waves Golden, proud,
invincible Lanka: Lanka, the beautiful: Lanka, the queen of the waves: Lanka, the bridge of the
King, was the true archetype of Atlantis and of the Celestial Jerusalem. Lanka was also Paradise, the
birth place of Humanity and civilization, the true Land of the Gods of so many Mythologies.
4. THE CEYLON DAILY NEWS OF MAY 15th 1996 FIELDS THE FOLLOWING REPORT.
It is signification to note that, according to get physical research based on the movement of the
continent plates, the Lanka of Ravana was situated in the continent of Lemuria, also known as
Kumari Kandam, which was a land of mass, connecting the Deccan plateau in south India and the
island of Ceylon, with intervening straits to be crossed, with Madagascar in the west, Australia on the
East and Antarctia on the south, until it sank into the Indian Ocean in stages over 3,500 years ago, as
mentioned in the writings of the German geologist Wagner and the eminent Ideologist Sir
T.W.Hoderness.
That Sri Lanka was the land of Ravana does not seem fully acceptable and justified.
Also the idea that modern day Sri Lanka is the Lanka of Ramayana is pure speculation. It does not fit
the geography of the Ramayana but rather goes against it. However, if you use the measurements
from Ramayana you will find that Hanumans journey took him much farther then modern day Sir

67
Lanka. That island was traditionally known as Simhala/Ceylon and was actually attached to the
Indian land Mass quite recently, in geological terms. The real location of Ravanas Lanka was
probably about 800 miles south India, near the modern day Chagos isles area and Diedo Garcia.
Some Vedic scholars even suggest that Ravanas Lanka was a huge land mass that included
Madagascar. Seychelles,Mauritius, etc. Also along Hanumans path there is reportedly a seamount
that rise from the ocean floor. It has been suggested that this is very mount that was offered to
Hanuman for his rest he refused.
5. PERHISTORY BASIS T HE RISE OF CIVILISATION IN SRI LANKA AND
SOUTHERN INDIA.
By.Dr.S.U. Deraniyagala, former Director-General, Archaeological Survey Department, Sri Lanka.
The topic: Prehistoric basis for the rise of Civilization in Sri Lanka and Southern India.
Dr.Deraniyagala, consultant to the Sri Lanka government on Archaeology, said that Sri Lanka was an
extension of the Indian subcontinent for at least 8,00,000 years of the last one million years, when
the sea level was lower than it is present. Sri Lanka and estimated that the sea level could have
dropped on at least 17 occasions in the last 7, 00,000 years, resulting in the creation of a land
connection. The last separation from India would have occurred about 7,000 years ago. It was,
therefore, possible that humans were present in Sri Lanka at least as early as one million years ago,
he said.
Dr. Deraniyagala headed and coordinated Trust programmers such as the inventorisation of
archaeological sites, monuments, and movable antiquities; conservation, maintenance and research
of archaeological heritage; and the formulation of national archaeological policy. He retired in 2002
as the Director-General of the department.
You seem to be a strong advocate of collaborative research between Sri Lanka and Indian
archeologists. What are the areas in which they can work together? You mentioned the Teri area in
Tiruneveli district in Tamil Nadu, and Iranamadu formation in Sri Lanka.
An obvious area for investigation is the so-called Teri deposits in and around Tirunelveli. They are
ancient coastal sediments deposited on the lower flood plains of large rivers. They comprise gravel
overlain by coastal sand, and both the gravel and the sand contain evidence of prehistoric man of
various periods.
6.SURYA SIDHANTA
The Surya Siddhanta is the greatest astronomical text written in Sanskrit Language. Surya Siddhanta
provides all of the Calculations required calculating the Lagna, Planetary positions, Nakshatras, etc.
The legendary history of the Surya Siddhanta, through hardly believable, is quite interesting, and if
there is an element of truth to it, very revealing. Legend has it that Surya Siddhanta was given by the
Sun to the Asura Maya at the dawn of the last Satya Yuga, which would be approximately 6600 BC.
Maya is said to have propitiated the Sun and asked for the boon of knowing the mysteries of the
heavenly bodies. The Sun replied that he could not tutor him in his true from as he is too brilliant but
that he would incarnate as a barbarian in the city of Romaka and give him the Surya Siddhanta.
Modern scholars consider Romaka to be Rome: however, Surya Siddhanta gives the location of
Romaka. Along with three other ancient cities: Yamakoti, Lanka, and Siddhapuri. These four
ancient cities are all stated, by the Surya Siddhanta, to be located upon the equator upon the four
quadrants 90 degrees away from each other. This puts Yamakoti at 00N00 latitude and 165E46

68
longitude as measured by todays coordinates, though in the time of the creation of the Surya
Siddhanta Yamakoti was the prime meridian and would have had longitude of Zero. Lanka was
placed at 00N00 Latitude 75E46 longitude; Romaka are 00N00 latitude and 14W14
longitude, and Siddhapuri at 00N00 latitude 104W14 longitude. All of these fabled cities would
have been placed where there is now nothing but ocean, however, at the location where Yamakoti
had stood there are ancient underwater building and structures pointing towards a time when a city
had stood there upon some islands. If it is true that Surya Siddhanta was taught to Mava at Romaka,
then the roots of modern astrology would be in Romaka, as without the knowledge of the
Nakshatras, Rasis, and planets given in Surya Siddhanta no serious astrology would have been
possible Romaka is far off the coast of Africa and I Have not heard of there being any sign of an
ancient city there, but that does not mean that there wasnt especially if taken in light of their having
been a city at the location specified for Yamakoti. If Surya Siddhanta was indeed given at Romaka.
The closest culture to Romaka that we know of having practiced astrology was Egypt, which
according to Ptolemy was where Greek astrology originated. How much truth, if any, there is to this
legend, is impossible to tell, but it does reflect the ambiguity of astrologys origins, and therefore, the
ambiguity of which is indeed the correct Zodiac for erecting a horoscope, the tropical or sidereal.
7. RAMAYANA BY VALMIKI WAS NOT JUST A MYTH BUT A REALITY
The Seven Kandas of Ramayana are1. Bala Kanda-The boyhood section
2. Ayodhya Kanda-Ramas life in Ayodhya
3. Aranya Kanda-Ramas life in the forest and Sitas abduction by Ravana
4. Kishkinda Kanda-Ramas stay at Kiskindha.The capital of his monkey ally Sugreeva.
5. Sundara Kanda-Rama;s Passing to Lanka from Kiskinda to Lanka
6. Yuddha Kanda or Lanka Kanda-Ramas battle with Ravana, the recovery of Sita, and return to
Ayodhya.
7.Uttara Kanda-The section narrating Ramas life in Ayodhya as king, the birth of his two sons, Sita
test of innocence and return to her mother, and Ramas demise or Jala Samadhi
The very fact that the monkeys soldiers had to build to connect the Southern India with Lanka [in
Ramayana Sri Lanka was known as Lanka] which means Sri Lanka was separated from Indian SubContinent, Dr. Glen Milne of Durham University is one of the worlds leading expect in cutting edge
science of Inundation mapping. They use a very powerful computer program to calculate the
complex variables to produce accurate models of ancient shorelines at a chosen date and a chosen
locality. He has done a fantastic work on the Indian shoreline from 21300 years ago to 4800 yeas
BC. One can see the comparative pictures in the book titled under world by Graham Hancock. Sri
Lanka was attached with the Indian Sub-Continent till 10600 years before present. It completely
separated from the Indian sub-continent by 4800 years BC. We know that Mahabharata was an event
some 5300 BC i.e. 7000 before present and Ramayana precedes Mahabharata therefore Ramayana
could have occurred before 7000 years before present.
8. SRIMAD BHAGAVATAM

69
Canto 5 Chapter 19 [description of the Islands of Jambhudvipa]
SB-5.19. 20-30 Sri Shukadeva Gosvami said; my dear king, in the opinion of some learned scholars,
eight smaller islands surround Jambudvipa. When the sons of Maharaja Sagara were searching all
over the world for their lost horse, they dug up the earth, and in this way Eight adjoining islands
came into existence. The names of these islands are Svarnaprastha, Candrasukla
Avartana, Ramanaka, Mandara-Harina, Pancajanya, Simhala, and Lanka.
9. THE CALCUTTA CHRISTIAN OBSERVER VOLUME 4, PAGE NO 33
Verse 36th Lanka is situated in the middle of this globe: Yamakothi is situated to the East of it; to
the West is Rome or Romaka Patan; the city of Siddhapura is on the opposite side of the globe to that
of Lanka. Sumeru is situated to the North on the North Pole, and Baravanala to the South, at the
South Pole.
Verse 37th these six places are situated at a distance of one-fourth part of the Earths circumference,
each from its adjoining one: so say those who are acquainted with the globe. At Meru the various
classes of the Gods and pure sprits have their bodies; at Baravanals, as the South Pole, are situated
the residence of all the evil spirits.
10. ATLANTIS THE LOST CONTINENT FINALLY FOUND
By Arysio Santos
Standard representation of Atlantis such case for instance of the Island of Satanaxio, one of the
Atlantic Islands. These islands were considered the remains of Sunken Atlantis, so that the
connection is essentially inescapable.
It is now for sure that the use of the cross symbolism, for religions purpose dates from for before the
advent of Christianity itself besides the cross symbolism was also used in the same sacred context
both in the Americas and the old cross was used to mark the position of the center, the actual site of
the Terrestrial paradise. This symbolism is pregnant with meaning, and directly rates to actual
location of Atlantis. To put it bluntly, the cross represent, the crossing of the two axes of earths
coordinate system as used by the ancient Atlantas. The crossing of paralleled, 0 [the line of the
equator] with meridian 0 [the one of the Lanka, alias Atalntis] occurs just over the center of Sumtra
[Taprobane], the site of the Terrestrial paradise.
The curious geographical fact is told in a great many Hindu traditions, and hardly bedaubed ant
more. It is true that Lanka. The trial archetype of Atlantis is often confused with Sri Lanka, it is
Indian replica and counterpart but this is sheer exoticism, one which must be ignored by the true
adept in trusted in fact rather them fiction. As is clear, the inter section of Meridian 0 with parallel
0 [equator] from cross.
11. QUESTS OF THE DRAGON& BIRD CLAN
Tuesday, March 15, 2005
Eden's Bearings
The position of the Pleiades constellation rising in the East near or conjunct with the ecliptic is a
valuable chronometer. This would place it at or close to the point of the spring (vernal) equinox.

70
Because the period from one vernal equinox to the next is shorter than the stellar year, the star
position of the equinox changes by about one degree every 72 years. In about 25,920 years this point
marking the beginning of spring will have made a full circle around the zodiac.
Evidence of an early, probably Neolithic people who marked important events not by conventional
calendars but by associated astronomical configurations is a major thesis of books like Hamlet's Mill.
Austronesians appear to have been one such type of people. We don't know if Austronesians ever had
calendar counts, but if they did these must have been assigned to the recondite knowledge used by
initiates only. However, we do know that they often marked events, including those found in their
mythologies, with heavenly conjunctions or other phenomenon. For example, the Hawaiian legend of
the explorer Hawai`i-loa who noticed a conjunction of the Pleiades and Aldebaran with Jupiter and
steered toward these stars to discover Polynesia.
In this case, we see that the stars indicate both places, as directional bearings, and time, by means of
the timing of the stellar conjunction.
Babylonian astronomy might preserve something of a similar sort from the Sumerians with regard to
the location of our cosmic volcanoes. Mesopotamian seals often contain depictions of astronomical
configurations in scenes of significant mythological events.
The star known as Nibiru (also Neberu, Nebiru) to the Mesopotamians has more than one
identification by researchers in this field. The one that is of interest for us is Nibiru's identification
with Jupiter. In the cosmological Enuma elish (7.124ff), Nibiru is one of the fifty names given to
Jupiter, the planet of Marduk:
Nebiru shall hold the crossings of heaven and earth;
Those who failed of crossing above and below,
Ever of him shall inquire.
Nebiru is the star which in the skies is brilliant.
Verily, he governs their turnings, to him indeed they look
Saying: "He who the midst of the Sea restlessly crosses,
Let 'Crossing' be his name who controls its midst.
May they uphold the course of the stars of heaven;
May he shepherd all the gods like sheep.
From the quote above, it would appear that Nebiru is connected in some way with crossings over the
sea. In fact, the name "Nebiru" is derived from eberu, "to cross," and actually means "ferry,
ferryman, ford." The authors of Hamlet's Mill connect Nibiru with Urshanabi the ferryman to
Paradise in the epic of Gilgamesh.
What is particularly interesting about Nibiru is that the planet's "point" or "station" is used by the
Babylonians, and also likely by their predecessors, to construct celestial maps. The following quote
refers to Jupiter/Marduk measuring the universe:
He determined the year by designating the zones:
He set up three constellations for each of the twelve months.
After defining the days of the year (by means) of (heavenly) figures,
He founded the station of Nebiru to determine their (heavenly) bands,
That none might transgress or fall short.
Alongside he set up the stations of Enlil and Ea.
The 'heavenly bands' constructed with the "station of Nebiru" as the reference point is known as the
paths of Anu, Enlil and Ea.
According to authorities on Babylonian astronomy referenced in Hamlet's Mill, the path of Anu is
parallel to the celestial equator and extends to a point about 15 to 17 degrees north and south of our
own equator. The path of Enlil is a band of similar width north of the path of Anu, while the path of
Ea is the southern zone of equal measure.

71
The latitude of 15-17 degrees north, of course, would fit well with both Mt. Pinatubo and Mt. Arayat.
The question is though whether this station of Nebiru, obviously a fixed star or constellation used to
build the entire plan sphere of the Babylonians, was north or south of the equator.
According to researcher F. M. Th. Bohl, the station of Nebiru was the point of entry of Jupiter into
the path of Anu observed during the night of the vernal equinox, the Babylonian New Year.
During this period, the equinox occurred when the sun entered the constellation I-Iku which is
identified either with the square of Pegasus or some location in the Aries group.
In either case, a night observation of Jupiter with that planet entering an area corresponding to the
geocentric latitudes (declination) of 15 to 17 degrees would point to the constellation Virgo. I would
suggest the star Spica, or alpha Virginis.
Indeed, researchers Paul Neugabauer and Albert Schott following the work of Gnter Martiny have
suggested that Neo-Babylonian (Assyrian) temples were oriented toward the azimuth intersecting
Spica and the vernal equinox at the horizon. Of the three, Neugebauer gave up on the idea when he
could not find any evidence that Spica was an important star in Babylonian astronomy.
However, I would suggest that Spica was indeed the station of Nibiru, the point used to demarcate
the boundary of the paths of Enlil and Anu, and by similar proportion also the path of Ea.
During 3102 BC, the date of the beginning of the modern era in the Hindu calendar, Spica was
located directly above about 15.48 degrees North latitude. The position was not much different at the
beginning of the Mayan calendar according to the estimate that places that date in the year 3114 BC.
Thus, Spica would have been an excellent zenith star for navigators seeking the sacred volcanoes. It
would have been very nearly directly overhead at its highest point in the sky. As such, Spica would
also have acted as a bearing star since it would be directly to the east when rising and to the west
when setting, if the observer is at the corresponding latitude.
With Nibiru as the ferry-person to Paradise from the "confluence of the rivers," it would be logical
that his station would be guiding star to that very location, at a time when the Pleiades marked the
point of the spring equinox.
Spica is also widely thought to be the starting point of the lunar mansions of the Chinese zodiac.
Among Pacific Islanders, Spica is often paired with Arcturus, the zenith star of the island of Hawai'i,
by traditionalnavigators to determine latitude using the different rising/setting times, if any, of both
stars.
If we combine this conjecture, with the earlier one made regarding the meridian of Yamakoti, then
we get surprisingly accurate coordinates for the ancient axis mundi. Of course, the longitude given
by the Hindu astronomical texts depends on whether one identifies "Romaka-pura" as Alexandria or
Rome. There is good reason to think it is the former.
According to the astronomer Varahamihira, the Romaka Siddhanta, written in Romakapura, has a
year length nearly exactly that used by Ptolemy and Hipparchus. There are also rather close values to
Ptolemy's anomaly of the equation of centre, and for that astronomer's revolution length of the
Moon's nodes. This would indicate that the RomakaSiddhanta borrowed largely from the
astronomical work carried out in Alexandria, and specifically by Ptolemy. Yamakoti or "Yama's
Peak" would in this case be the location of the Underworld kingdom where both the good and bad go
after death. The same symbolic location within Mt. Mashu travelled to by Gilgamesh.
With Romakapura as Alexandria, the corresponding meridian of Yamakoti to the east of Lanka,
which Indian astronomers equate with Avanti (75.76E), would be at about 121.64 degrees East, a bit
more than the longitude of Pinatubo.
12. Varahamihira's Quadrants (Romaka = Alexandria)
Lanka (75.76E) - Romaka (29.88E) = 45.88 degreesLanka (75.76E) + (45.88 )= 121.64E degrees
(meridian of Yama's Peak)

72

10. RESEARCH ASPECT:

All the things discussed including different conditions and their changes are explained from
the point of view of the legend as well as modern Science in this section. The situation
regarding the great section, the city of Lanka and the Simhala Island along with changes in
nature are elaborated in the section which logical occupies the tenth place in the order.
X. Research aspect
II. The Geographical picture of Lanka
1. City of Lanka and Simhala -two different Islands
2. The description of Lanka, not Simhala in Srimadramayan
3. The Western Ghats of India as per the present Geographical situation
4. The length and breadth of Lanka in Srimadramayana
5. Changes on the globe as per the modern Science
6. Matter underneath the mountain
7. Bridging the mythological and Science regarding the floods
8. The two methods used for dating
9. Pralayas
10. Glacier ice formation
11. Motion
12. The Sea level
13. Truth about Sri Madramayana as per science
14. The area of the city of Lanka
15. Certain evidence of the Ramayana as found in Sri Lanka (Simhala)
16. The area of Lanka lost on account of motion and the details of the remaining land
17. The table showing the weapons, divine weapons and divine missiles (Divyastras) as
described in the Ramayana
18. The Chiefs of the armies of Rama and Ravana
19. The chief of the armies of Vanaras (Beings with tails ) and the number of the soldiers
20. The number of Vanaras as found in Valmiki Ramayana
21. The number of demons in the city of Lanka
14. Sea level
21000 years ago 120 meters
20000 !!
117 meters
19000 !!
108 meters
17000 !!
102 meters
16000 !!
98 meters
15000 !!
94 meters
14000 !!
88 meters
13000 !!
77 meters
12000 !!
64 meters
12000 !!
54 meters
11000
!!
48 meters
10000 !!
36 meters
9000
!!
22 meters
8000
!!
14 meters
7000
!!
6 meters
6000
!!
4 meters
5000
!!
3 meters

Meters sea evel

9 meters
6 meters
4 meters
4 meters
6 meters
11 meters
13 meters
10 meters
6 meters
8 meters
14 meters
8 meters
8 meters
2 meters
1 meters

73

4000
!!
2 meters
1 meters
3000
!!
1.4 meters 0.6 meters
2000
!!
0.7 meter
0.7 meters
1000
!!
0.3 meter
0.4 meters
From 8100 BC to 5100 BC tretayuga the beginning, the middle season details of the sea
level.
8000 in the year sea level 14 meters
7675
!!
13 meters
7750
!!
12 meters
7625
!!
11 meters
7500
!!
10 meters
7375
!!
9 meters
7250
!!
8 meters
7125
!!
7 meters
7000
!!
6 meters
6000
!!
4 meters
5000
!!
3 meters
2. According to the scientific evidence to date, and described in Ramayana is said to be
roughly equal.
Srimadramayanamu described in detail:
1. Mahendramountain and covering the southern sea area (bharatavarsa daksanagrabhagamu,
Kanyakumari) from the lankanagaramu (suveladriparvata northern)
= 494.50 miles to the distance between to the distance
Lankanagara up the mountain from the south puspitaka = 650 miles in between.
677.50 miles from the mountain, the distance between puspitaka suryagiri
= The distance of 600 miles from suryagiri to vaidyutagiri
The distance between the mountains from vaidyutadiri Kunjarani = 400 miles
= 1400 miles, the distance between the constellations of the mountains from the mountain
Kunjarani
The distance between the mountains from Kanyakumari badamukha:
494.50 + 650 + 677.50 + 600 + 400 + 1400 + 1200 + 1328 = 6.750 miles.
Mahendra Mountain and along the southern sea area (the top part of the southern
bharatavarsa, Kanyakumari) from the lankanagaramu (suveladriparvata northern)
= 494.50 miles in to the between of distance
The distance between suryagiri = 1327.50 miles from the city of Lanka
Initially vanantaramu = 3600 miles to the distance from suryagiri
Initially Park distance = 1328 miles from the badamukha parvatamuvaraku
The distance between the face of the mountains from Kanyakumari saved:
494.50 + 1327.50 + 3600 + 1328 = 6.750 miles.
Kanyakumari (Nagarcoil) from the equator (the rekhapaina can lankanagaramu) = 561,098
miles in the distance.
Kanyakumari (Nagarcoil) from the South Pole (Badamukha Mountain) between the
distances: 6776.0529 miles.
According to Ramayana badamukha mountain (South Pole) from Kanyakumari= 6,750
Miles in between of distance

74

The difference in distance between the two = 6776.0529 - 6,750 = 26.0529 miles is the
difference.
This is a very slight difference so far described ramayanamandu valid truth, the truth.

11. INDIAN CULTURE SCENAIO:

The part explains hoe our people even today are following such ancient Indian culture as
seen in our mythologies and legends. Even the historians of other countries have written
books glorifying our culture. So it is included the eleventh section.
8. Indian's contacts relationship with other countries
India has always given a great deal more than she has received. Civilization as we know
today would not exist without India.
Indianization of Asia was entirely peaceful, never resorting to physical force or coercion to
subvert local cultures or identities, or to engage in economic or political exploitation of the
host cultures and societies. Its worldviews were based on compassion and mutual exchange,
and not on the principle of conquest and domination.
"The unique feature of India's contacts and relationship with other countries and peoples of
the world is that the cultural expansion was never confused with colonial domination and
commercial dynamism far less economic exploitation
1. SirCharlesNortonEdgcumbeEliot : (1862-1931)- British diplomat and colonial
administrator"In Eastern Asia the influence of India has been notable in extent, strength, and
duration."
"Scant justice is done to India's position in the world by those European histories which
recount the exploits of her invaders and leave the impression that her own people were a
feeble dreamy folk, surrendered from the rest of mankind by their seas and mountain
frontiers. Such a picture takes no account of the intellectual conquests of the Hindus."
2.French scholar,SylvainLevi : (1863-1935)-"From Persia to the Chinese Sea, from the icy
regions of Siberia to the islands of Java and Borneo, from Oceania to Socotra, India has
propagated her beliefs, her tales and her civilization. She has left indelible imprints on onefourth of the human race in the course of a long succession of centuries. She has the right to
reclaim in universal history the rank that ignorance has refused her for a long time and to
hold her place amongst the great nations summarizing and symbolizing the spirit of
Humanity.
3.HeinrichZimmer : (1890-1943) the great German Indologist-Each of the colonial
cultures and art styles of Ceylon, Indonesia, and Further India, as well as that of Tibet,
China, Korea and Japan, took over in a worthy way the Indian heritage, giving to it an
original and happy local application. Out of various ethnological and biological
requirements self-contained styles were formed that were the peers in originality, nobility
and delicacy of the Indian.
4. WilhelmVonHumboldt : (1767-1835) German Indologys- Humboldt showed that the
Kawi language is Javanese and contains a number of Sanskrit loan words which prove the
literary and political superiority of the Hindus.

75

5.Sardar Kavalam Madhava Panikkar : (1896-1963)- Indian historian From the first
century A.D we witness the strange fact of Hindu or Hinduised kingdoms in Annam ,
Cochin-China and the islands of the Pacific. The Ramayana knew of Java and Sumatra.
Communication by sea between the ports of South India and the islands of the Pacific was
well established many centuries before the Christian era.
6. Sardar Kavalam Madhava Panikkar: "The early inscriptions are in classical Sanskrit,
full of allusions to ancient India..."Kambuja was ardently Hindu till the middle of the
seventh century when Buddhism is first alluded to. The two religions co-existed as in India,
though till the very end Hinduism continued predominant."
7.SuhartoSukarno :( 1901- 1970) Indonesian nationalist leader and the First President of
Indonesia." In the veins of every one of my people flows the blood of Indian ancestors and
the culture that we possess is steeped through and through with Indian influences. Two
thousand years ago people from your country came to Jawadvipa
andSuvarnadvipainthespiritofbrotherllove.
"They gave the initiative to found powerful kingdoms such as those of Sri Vijaya,
MataramandMajapahit. We then learnt to worship the very Gods that you now worship
stillandwefashionedaculture that even today is largely identical with your own. Later, we
turnedtoIslam: butthatreligion too was brought by people coming from both sides of India.
8.NorodomSihanouk : Head of the State of the Royal Government of Cambodia (19541970 and, again, since 1993) had on the occasion of the inauguration of the Jawaharlal
Nehru Boulevard in Phnom Penh, on 10 May 1955, traced the cultural evolution in
Southeast Asia to the pervasive Indian cultural influence:
When we refer to thousand year old ties which unite us with India, it is not at all a
hyperbole.
"In fact, it was about 2000 years ago that the first navigators, Indian merchants and
Brahmins brought to our ancestors their gods, their techniques, their organization. Briefly
India was for us what Greece was to Latin Orient.
9.Sir Marc Aurel Stein : (1862-1943) a Hungarian and author of several books-The vast
extent of Indian cultural influences, from Central Asia in the North to tropical Indonesia in
the South, and from the Borderlands of Persia to China and Japan, has shown that ancient
India was a radiating centre of a civilization, which by its religious thought, its art and
literature, was destined to leave its deep mark on the races wholly diverse and scattered over
the greater part of Asia."
10. Will Durant : (1885-1981) American historian, would like the West to learn
From India, tolerance and gentleness and love for all living things.
He has observed:
"Indian art had accompanied Indian religion across straits and frontiers into Sri Lanka, Java,
Cambodia, Siam, Burma, Tibet, Khotan, Turkestan, Mongolia, China, Korea and Japan;
In Asia all roads lead from India.
11. Reginald Le May (?) author of ThecultureofSouthEastAsia: The heritage of India ,
an observed:
Indian art and culture seem naturally to have exercised an extraordinary art fascination over
the indigenous peoples of all these territories, no doubt, owing to the attractions offered by

76

Buddhism and Hinduism, while Chinese art, not bearing any particular religious message,
apparently made but little impression inspire of the fact that they Chinese, too sailed the
southern seas in search of trade from very early time.
He wrote:
The beginnings of Indian colonization overseas eastward go back a very long way in time
and it is almost certain that the results seen today were, in the main, not achieved by military
expeditions, but by peaceful trading and religious teaching and thereby all the more
permanent.
12. Basham: "The whole of South-East Asia received most of its culture from India. Early in
the 5th B.C. century colonists from Western India settled in Lanka. The Indian 'colonies'
were peaceful ones, and the Indian zed chieftains who had learnt what India had to teach
them.
13. Philip S. Rawson : writes in his book The Art of South East Asia:
"The culture of India has been one of the world's most powerful civilizing forces. Countries
of the Far East, including China, Korea, Japan, Tibet and Mongolia owe much of what is
best in their own cultures to the inspiration of ideas imported from India. The West, too, has
its own debts."
14.M. Rene Grousset, : (1885-1952) French art historian-India left the indelible impress of
her high culture, not only upon religion, but also upon art, and literature, in a word, all the
higher things of spirit."
15.RabindranathTagore : has said: "To know my country one has to travel to that age,
when she realized her soul and thus transcended her physical boundaries when she revealed
her being in a radiant magnanimity which illumined the eastern horizon, making her
recognized as their own by those in alien shores who were awakened into a surprise of life."
16. JawaharlalNehru : has written: "For it was India that functioned here and exhibited her
vitality and genius in a variety of ways.
17. Dr. K. P. Jayaswal: "Further India was recognized as part of India in the BharasivaVakataka period. In the MatsyaPurana, for the first time we find that recognition. Between
the Himavat and the Sea Bharatvarsha stands, but it covers a larger area on account of
Indians living in eight more islands (Dvipas). All these Dvipas were to the east. The Malaya
Peninsula was well-known to Indians at the time, a fact evidenced by an inscription of the
4th century A.D. on a pillar in the present district of Wellesley. Burma was known as
Indradvipa. Ceylon was known as Lanka-Dvipa or Tamraparni. Similarly, Cambodia,
Nicobar, Sumatra, Java and Borneo were also known."
The Agni Purana, along with many other Puranas, calls India proper as Jambudvipa as
distinguished from Dvipantara or India of the islands or overseas India. Ancient Indians who
explored the globe in times immemorial had a three-fold motto expressed in the terms
"Charaiveti" (Let us move on and on), 'KrunvantoViswamAryan' (Let us make all people
civilized, well-behaved, dutiful, god-fearing, noble, educated etc.) and 'WasudhaivaKutumbakam (the whole world is one entity, one family).
18. G E Geraini: commenting on Researches on Ptolemys Geography rightly observes:

77

From the Brahmaputra and Manipur to the Tonkin Gulf we can trace a continuous string of
petty states ruled by those scions of the Kshatriya race, using the Sanskrit or the Pali
language in official documents and inscriptions, building temples and other monuments of
the Hindu style and employing Brahmin priest at the propitiatory ceremonies connected with
the court and the state.
19. George Coedes: Journal of South East Asian History, September,1964, p. 4).
"A people with no long cultural history of their own (like the British) could not be expected
to be attracted by the ancient cultural past of the people they dominated. Equally strange is
the attitude of Indian historians towards the cultural past of Southeast Asia. Most of them
have remained indifferent, largely because of inheriting a set system of academic training.
The eastward expansion of Hindu civilization has not yet been fully traced. On the other
hand, some non-Indian scholars, especially modern writers of secondary works, tend to play
down India's importance in the evolution of Southeast Asian civilization."
20. India and World Civilization - By D. P. Singhal : (p. 80-98).
The advent of Indians in Southeast Asia has hardly a parallel in history. It cannot be equated
with the arrival of Europeans in America, because the Indians did not go to Southeast Asia
as strangers. In view of the ethnic affinities between the prehistoric Austro-Asiatic races of
India and those of Suvarnabhumi, contact between the two regions may well go back to the
remotest antiquity. Whatever the relationship between the two regions may be the
transplantation of Indian culture into Southeast Asia began in prehistoric times with trade
contacts.
21.Splendors of the Past: Lost Cities of the Ancient World : National Geographic
Society.( p.186-190).
Indian culture, secular and religious, had found a permanent home in Southeast Asia. This
was a peaceful process; unlike the Western newcomers in modern times, no forced
colonization occurred. "Seldom has the world seen such a protracted and pervasive cultural
diffusion. It stands a monument to the vitality and magnetism of Indian civilization."
22. A History of World Societies - By Mackay Hill Buckler : (p.318-319).
Indian culture penetrated the countries of South-East Asia entirely by peaceful means. This
was the result of a series of enterprises by traders, adventurers, scholars and priests.
Operating from Indian settlements that had been founded in the 1st century, these men
brought the highly refined culture of Indiato peoples whose way of life was perfectly suited
to Brahmanic and Buddhist teachings. Throughout this area Indianization took the form of
the adoption of Sanskrit as the official and sacred language, the introduction of the Indian
religions of Brahmanism and Buddhism, with their myths, philosophical systems and
traditions and the establishment of a political structure very close to that of ancient India.
23. The Oriental World: By Jeannine Auboyer: LandtheRamayanareveals some knowledge
of the eastern regions beyond the seas; for instance Sugriva dispatched his men to
Yavadvipa, the island of Java or Sumatra, in search of Sita. It speaks of Burma as the land of
silver mines. Tamil literature contains references to tall roomy ships laden with goods
returning from eastern ports. Puraniccosmology and geographical divisions into varshas and
dvipas point to Indian knowledge of this area, although the knowledge of the Puranic
compilers was somewhat vague

78

24. SirCharles Eliot: the Hindu dynasty of Champa was founded between 150 and 200
A.D. The conquerors were known as the Chams and hence the country came to be known as
Champa. Vietnam, figures prominently as a stepping stone in the story of India's cultural
expansion to the Americas.
25. Dr. K. P. Jayaswal: "The State of Champa, according the Chinese authorities was
founded in 137 A. D. Champa seems to have been mentioned under the name Angadvipa by
the VayuPurana. Again, Champa was probably the earliest colony; it being a key to the
Chinese trade and the point from the islands of Java and Borneo are easily accessible." It
maintained close relations with Funan, a fact which must have been largely responsible for
the penetration of Indian influence there.
26. A Hindu dynasty was founded by Sri Mara in the second century A.D. A successor
to Sri Mara was the famous king called.
Burma was known as Indra-Dvipa. Hindu settlements began to be established in Burma
before the first century A.D.
27. Sri Lanka orLankadvipa:
Sri Lanka, Sinhala, or Ceylon, which is Indias closest neighbour to the south, was possibly
the first country in southern Asia to feel the impact of Indian immigration. The Hindu epic,
Ramayana, narrates the story in which Ramas conflict with Ravana, the king of Lanka, is
thecentral theme. Although the history of ancient SriLanka is largely a complex of legends,
it is undoubted that the early settlers of Lanka came from India. The Aryan migrants,
members of the Sinhalas or the Lion Tribe, named their new home Sinhaladvipa, from which
has derived its later variations: the Portuguese Ceilao or Zeylan, or the English Ceylon. The
coming of the Aryans is represented in the Mahavamsa by the story of Prince Vijaysimha
who came from northern India in the sixth century B.C. Close ties were established during
the reign of Asoka, with the introduction of Buddhism. In Buddhist shrines,
Hindu deities occupy honored places. Vishnu is particularly popular in Sinhalese Buddhist
temples, for he is not considered a rival of the Buddha but the protector of Sri Lanka. Hindu
temples were also built, for example, the Shiva temple at Polonnaruva dating probably from
the 11th century resembles the South Indian Chola buildings.
28. The Ramayana Tradition in Asia - Edited by V Raghavan. Chapter - The Malayan
Ramayana By Amin Sweeney p 122 151).
Ramayana Casts Its Ancient Spell in Singapore.With numerous heroes and villains and its
powerful feel-good message of good triumphing over evil, the Ramayana has been one of
the great epic poems of Indian culture for centuries. Originally attributed to the Hindu
Sanskrit poet Valmiki, the story has been retold and adapted over time by poets, scholars and
everyday storytellers.
29.HajimeNakamura : (1912 - 1999) Japanese scholar,his field of research was
exceedingly broad, encompassing Indian philosophy, Buddhist studies, historical studies,
Japanese thought, and comparative thought. He was the author of The History of Early
Vednta Philosophy an epoch-making study in four volumes.
"India is culturally, Mother of Japan. For centuries it has, in her own characteristic way, been
exercising her influence on the thought and culture of Japan."
"The study of Japanese thought is the study of Indian thought." - Eminent Zen Scholar, Dr.
D. Suzuki.

79

30.IndiaandWorldCivilizationBy D. P. Singhal : (Part II p.20-27).

According to author Donald A. Mackenzie: "The Indian form of myth of the Churning of
theMilky Ocean reached Japan, in a Japanese illustration of it the mountain rests on a
tortoise, and the supreme god sits on the summit, grasping in one of his hands a water vase.
The Japanese Shinto myth of creation, as related in the Ko-ji-ki and Nihon-gi, is likewise a
churning myth. Twin deities, Izanagi, the god, and Izanami, the goddess, sand on "the
floating bridge of heaven" and thrust into the ocean beneath the "Jewel Spear of Heaven".
With this pestle they churn the primeval waters until they curdle and form land.
31. Hindu Princess Went to Korea
Korean historians believe that Queen Huh was a princess of an ancient kingdom in Ayodhya.
She went to Korea some two-thousand years ago and started the Karakdynasty by marrying
a local king, Suro. Today, the historians say, Queen Huh's descendants number more than
six-million, including the South Korean president - KimDae Jung.
A 16-year-old princess from Ayuta (Ayodhya) went to Korea in 48 Ce. A 13th-century
Korean text recounts Princess HeoHwang-ok explaining that her parents: "dreamt a God
came who said, 'I have sent down Suro to be king of Kaya. Suro is a holy man and is not yet
married. So send your daughter to be his Queen." She sailed from India, taking a stone
pagoda (left) to what is now Kimhaecity.
32. It is a proven fact that Valmiki, the composer of renowned epic the Ramayana, saw
the light of the world within Nepal at Balmikinagar in Bhisalotoan.
Nepal has never known religious conflict and persecutions, and even today Hinduism and
Buddhism live together in complete harmony. Nepalese sculpture and painting is in a style
derived from the Pala art of Bihar and Bengal. Many of the laws of Nepal and its social
organizations naturally reflect Hindu models, and the Nepalese language is very close to
Sanskrit. But the Hindu civilization in Nepal has evolved a distinct character of its own,
effected through a blending of its own traditions with those of Tibet.
33.Glimpses XIItoGlimpses XV
."The Ramayana is also known from Siberian folklore. The Research Institute of the
Siberian Branch of the Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R. has the manuscripts of Prof.
Golstunsky's work on a short version of the Ramayana in the Kalmuk language."
34. ArKavalamMadhavaPanikkar (1896-1963) Indian scholar, journalist, historian from
Kerala, administrator, diplomat, Minister in Patiala Bikaner and Ambassador to China,
Egypt and France. Author of several books, including Asia and Western Dominance, India
Through the ages and India and the Indian Ocean.
35. As Panikkar wrote in India and the Indian Ocean: An Essay on the Influence of Sea
Power onIndian History, India and Southeast Asia constitute a single entity connected
integrally in their political, social and economic life. Since it had been proved that the
power which controls India can at all times control the East Indies, Panikkar stressed the
importance of India playing a leading role in the ocean that bears her name.
12. BIOGRAPHICAL DETAILS:
The section provides information regarding the books in English and Telugu from which
data has been collected for writing the book. So it occupies the 12th place in the sequence.
1

Biodiversity and conservation A hyper Text book

Peter J. Br

80

2
3

1
10

10

Global Environmental costal changes

Fema-253 Unit 2 a Earth Quakes
History and celestial time
Littoral drift sources and sinks along the Indian Coast
Continental Drift and plate tectonics
The supporting evidence of plate tectonic theory
Nation Master Encyclopedia>Glacier
Printaleversion of topics
Time in Hinduism the age
Vedic Astrology
Kanyakumari District
Riskshikesh
Gita Govindam
Indian Mao-Originally
Antiquity and Continuity of Indian History Part-4
Encyclopedia of Authentic Hinduism Chronology of Bharat
The National Land and water information service
When did Angiosperms first evolve?
Plasma Cosmos
Lemuria lost continent of the Indian Ocean
Atlantis
The Ocean Atmosphere System
Evidence supporting Continental Drift
Oceanography
Auto tutorial Introductory . Biology
Geologic time
Srirangam Vishnu and Sri lanka Vishnu
History of Sri lanka
Art Sri lanka
Location of Lanka
Location of Island Lanka
Vanara Army Formation
Mari Time Lanka
Samara Army strength in Lanka
Pale magnetism
Earth Dynamic Plangent
Extreme surfing
Wave energy in motion
Royal kings
Assure
Archeological evidence
Ramayana Sites in Sri Lanka
Minicoy island is Minaka
Hindu traditions
Like mother Like son
Rama Sethu-Related articles
Vimanas
Setting time line for Ramayana & Mahabharata
Geochronology Theosophy and science
Soil family and series
The expended Earth 2007
Calculate Geodesic distance

Linda F.M

Water Cri
P.Chandra

Monica Bu
Hiring
Zachary
Shuta van

Neela Pad

Jayadeva
Prethi. P
Prasad Go

Bruce cor
Wikipedia
Helena Pe
Wikipedia
Prof Steph
Alfred Wa
Dr.J.. Floo

Prof. Abay
Wikipedia
Brenden G
Sada Shiv
Swami Ra
M.A. Padm
Hercules,

M.A. Padm

Leave K.K
B.B. Lal

M.A. Padm
M.V. Kam
Phili Lutg
V.Sundara
V.Sundara

F.J. Dick &

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May be Quarterly
Precession of the Earth's Rotation axis
Neptone
Space blong
Energy from the sun
Birth of Rama
Vairagyam moral stories
Ancient India's contribution to Cosmology
Indian Ocean
Vacuum
Vedische Kosmologienach Global scaling entschlusseit
Bharatiya Chronology
Artyabhatta-1
Chronological chart of the history of Bharat Varsha
Mahajana Pads
What is actual period of Lord Rama
Tall tales and deep truths
The Synthesis of science religion and Philosophy [Dussera
news
101-Science
Plnastro[entries taggedas] Ramayana
Connection to Sethu
Sri Rama Sethu
Historical basis of Ramayana
Hindu wisdom
Was Lord Rama Relly born
Valmiki Ramayana [Balakanda]
Ramayana the essenle of the Vedas
Vedain Ramayana
Adam's Bridge
Satya Katha
Rama, Ravana, & Sita road to Ramayana
Valmiki Ramayana
Kiskinda kanda
Kundalini of Shri Rama
Rashi Chakra of Sri Rama
The bridge is probably the only archaeological evidence
Ayodhya, Saryu
Ramayana& ancient time
Deyxieme Partie-!
Secret Doctrine
Desolovleon St Jeern holm
When did Angios perm ist evolve
Plate-tectonic continued
Evolution of Inteligence
Evolution of Inteligent life in the Universe
Speed of light surprise
Physical Geography
Back ground section -!! Arctic research consortium of the USA
Geologic applications -! Stratigraphy and Structure
Historical perspctive

Kategori
Gurudev

Richard L
Wikipedia
Akaemie

Jagadguru
Wikipedia

H.P.Balav

Sri Hari k
B.R Harn

Saroja Ba
Saroja Ba

Bhagavan
C.L Prabh
Wikipedia
Dr. Indu la
Sirance G
De Siraju
Hanmant
Saroja Ba

B.B.Lal
Wikipedia

Para Dene
H.P. Balav
Sri Bhaga

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Plate boundaries convergence Zon

Gar wood & Voigt antique world maps
Hindu India
Kashmir to Kanyakumari
Graphical time line Time scale
Daedal
Consortia Gvtenberg centre
Ice age
Rediff
Archir
Ikshvaku Dynasty
Amazing facts with pics about Rama Sethu7&Lord Rama
Ravana's Family
The spaces of social inter action and signed Distance functions
This research was site deals some important of Ramayana
Rama Sethu was constracted
Hanuman i.e loyal serviteor
The scientific dating of the Mahabharat
Amazing facts about ancient India
Astronomical dating of the Ramayana
Yellow stone-the vulcan and comet connection
The solstice gate was and the polar to salar shift
Poles shift
The seven planets of existence
The Esoteric tradition
Local circumstances for transists of Venus 2000 BCE to 1000
BCE
Transits of Venus
Birth Rama-II
Cosmography down ages
Rama Sethu and Ramayana
Sehu Samudram
Lanka's Cosmographydown the age
The prehistory of Sri Lanka
Science / Philosphy Lanka
Lanka
Lankai Tamil Sangam
Animation move on the pattern of interaction of the T.Sunami
Waves
Energy from Ocean waves
Radiation of waves
Efficiency of ab-into total energy calculation for metal
Theosphy
Hollow plants indicated by Puranas
Mountain moveing prayer faith
The shore dynamics of mountain plain reservoir of the Azerbai
jan-SSR
New floder--!
Waves energy worries fishermen
Annual report National Institute of Oceangraphy
Ocean energy

Henristicr

Wikipedia
Nasudha
Katemilne
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Wikipedia
Saroja Ba

Kush R. V

Alfred Ass

Dr. P.V. Va

Dr. P.V. Va
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W.Kyehne
John majo
David pat

G.Depuru
NASA/GSF

Fredespen

Dr. U.V.N.
Manimeh

David Pfr
Wikipedia
Anushaon

Rafael wa
V.N.Kozhi
G.Kresse;
Wqjudge
Dharmap
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Susan cha

US depar

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Erosional soil/land capes
Relationships between snow distribution and climate in
mountain areas
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Space elevator base leg architecture

Narayaneeyam
History of Panwars
Boundaries convergence zone
Introduction to the Seven planets
Veds ka Kozmologija
Mahabharath book Vanaparva
Eden's Bearings
code of the ancient
Geography of Oceans
The open Ocean
Plate tectonics activity
Melting the inner earth
Earth, the Ocean planet
Geographic distribution Alaska fishery research builten

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Geography and Geology of Nive

Energt and momentum when two oppoditely moving wave
pluses over lap
Sea sky
Wave that shock the world
Envir 202-earth, air ,water
Drift type waves in Rotaing to Kamak Plasma
Cozmic weather in the Earth Grids
Wavw energy potential warrants futher research
Earth's Magnetic field
Teaching about plate tectonics and faulting using foam models
Plate tectonic
Earth's Interior&plate tectonic
Energy
Statement describe the Ocean floor
Sensitivity analysis of seismic depth migrations
Earth's energy balance
Physical of waves
Wegener and has theory of continental drift
Origins of continental drift theory and influence of Rhetoric
Atlatic Ocean were missing and continents joined
On the move..continental drift and plate tectonic
Understanding plate motions
Indian civilization in India
Evolution how hold is old
what about continental drift
Continental Drift and plate tectonics
The beginning
Movable type scrips formula for distance lat to long

Tomomiya
mura
and Goro
Peter Awa

A.C. Bakt

Josephy E

Techer's g

Robert Rl
Hzenger
Dr.J.Floor
Gavthier

Elinasp
Becker&H
Ken Taylo
Wikipedia
L.W.Braile

Wikipedia

Lawrence
NASA
William C
Ramesh C
Ryan Hoo
NASA
Alfred We

Changa b

Lois Van W

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Energy from the Sun

Physical concepts
An-Ocean wave parameter calculation
History of Wind, power
Macca is the center of the Earth
The evolution of the earth's atmosphere
Was lord Ram really born
Setting time line for Ramayana & Mahabharat
Site of Sita's abduction
Milgaye Ram!
The anti-Gravity hand book[lost science]
Pawan putra Hanuman
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Comment
Rajeev's Almarack
Lalitha sahasranama stotram
Nature's number
Pursvit of sacred science
Aryan invasion and expansion in India
Hare Krishna Rijeka Kozonologija
Astro education
Vedic cosmology planetarium
Collation of Theosophical Glossaries
Thought's on Religion
Astronomical cycles
Titile of Book 1 to 9098
consortia Gutenberg center world book
Kali yuga Rajavamshamulu
Equation of tiime
Eras
Numberology the Abysmal
The rays in esoteric &spiritua astrology
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What's new
Tantra
The conquest of illysion
Ramayana contents Navigation
Ramayana[the deeds of Rma]
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Ancient civilization Mu,Lemuria
The fabled sunken hindu island Trikuta. The real atlantis
The age less Guru of Geru
Continents and races{1}
Arched-Astronomy
Major Anthropology find reported in India
Hinduism Ramayana
The true history and the religion of India
Mahavamsa diegrobe chronik Sri lanka

GCSE Tas
Rites & R
Dr. P.V.V.V
M.A. Padm
from Zee
D.Hatche

M.A. Padm
Kuladeep
Rajeev sr
P.R. Rama
Bill Laurit
Richard L
Prof.Uthay
A.C. Bakt

Lydus Joh
Ravi
John majo

Katemilm
Kotta Ven
Wikipedia

Joseph co

V.Krishna
J.Krishna
Aazon

Dr.Zokirn
MuruganB
C.Shanmu
C.Shanmu

GeneD. M

N.S.Rajar
K.T.Rajasi
Yukteshw
Petter R.B

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The origins of Human kind time line
Welcome to Borobudur.tV
Environmental condition and environmental loads
Pi formula
Physical science formulas
The General science , Physical science formula sheet
The Physics of resonamce
Patterns and prediction in microbial oceangraphy
Terminology and unit in optical Oceangraphy
Teaching heart glossary explore the world change the world
Lemurian scrolls
Confusion of Yugas
Veda Vyasa misunder standing
Reconstruding earth & human history during the catastrophic
priod
Encylopedia of ocean science
Seismic reflection methods for study of the water column
Stability of planetary waves in a two layer system
Restless Earth, Earth interior
Review sheet interior of the earth and plate tectonic
Mountain's trenches synken land
Plate tectonic
Encyclopedia Purohit
Hand book of Jainology
Latitude
The beginning [Lakdiva Book]
Sri Vaishnavam
List of 27 stars and their Pradhana devathas and Ati devattas
Royal kingdom
Vedic Astrology part-3
Vedic astrology lession-9
Ultimate truth of Ramayana
Learn Jyotish
Vedic maths forum India blog
Thamanus of present universe
Mantras
Ancient civilization
Countdown to Equinoctial planet conjunction and personal
earth day count
Anatomy of a Hurricane
Rewriting Indian history hindu time
In the beginnig,Unavthorized chronology of the Universe 19
billion to 1868 AD
1st century AD-Time cap sometime line
Finger prints of the Gods
Two years of continuous measurment
An interial wave-power genaration system
Hydrodynamic laboratories
Ocean energy white paper rough draft version#3
Is our Earth really hollow
Introduction institute of Geology

Vishal .J
Satguru s
from Ama
Detnorske
Eric weiss

Bret Schr
Hold wort
John,Culle
Andremor

Satguru s
P.L.Bharg
Satish Isw
Emiliospe

Garethste
W.S.Holbr
Yamagata
Melissadu

Fisher and

Prof .K. Ra
Wikipedia
Rhajiv Ra
Sunder

M.S.N.Nic
Sanjay Ra
Push butt
A.C. Bakt

Nirajmoha
Calender

Jerry wiki
Dr.P.V.Var

Graham H
Tonien,Va
PhillBrow
Marintek
Alexandra
Gerry For

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Sea level rise and wet land loss an over view

Modeling millimeter wave propagation offects in the
atmosphere
Envir-202 earth,air,water,
Nature of the Ozone air
Chronology 15 Billion to 1 AD
Astronomical cycles
Comet/ Earth impact chronolgy related sites
Kaliyuga Rajavamshamuloo
Esoteric history series-III
Lemagnetisme terristre
Index of 16 hindu puranas
precession [Astronomy]
Temperature
Vedic encylopedia
How old is old?
Geologic time scale
Daily new's Sri Lanka's National news paper 22/9/2007
Bhima's son Godotkach like skeleton found
Vedic astrlogy lession
Metology ice age
A Tribute to Hindusim symbolim in Hinduism
Historia singularitatis [intro to the MPDR]
Kundalini of Shri Rama
Thme line
Masks of the Gods occidental Mythology
Archive
Historical significance bogus claims about edgar cycle and
Nostradamus
History of sri lanka
Dussera
History of religion of india part-!!
The Ramayana [the deeds of Rama]
Characters of Ramayana , places of Ramayana
Antiquity and lontinuity of Indian history
Ravana the great king of Lanka
Ramayana guided Sinhalas to Lanka
Sinhale hot news
Chronology
Time and space
Tru-Science & Tru-Technology Ramasethu
The Geologic and evolutionay record of Continental drift
Timings for the four yugas
Continental drift
India surf spots
National Magazine the Hindu front line
The six thousand years Barrier
New discoveries in universe
That flat Earth
Celestial coordinate systems and time
Hinduism

James G.T
H.J.Liebe

Thomas D

Kota Venk

Wikipedia
Johan Bae

Wikipedia
Lionel Wij
G.subram

Roger Ho

Saroja Ba

TRS Iyeng
Satya sai

Sangam r
V.Thanga

Maurice w
Babelfish
Prasad Go
M.S.Purtia
A.P.Masila
Suranima

Jaiswami
Dr.D.V.N.S

Sri Nanda
Alfered W

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Glen R.Sm
Magd Add
Donald E.
Eugene C
GH.Newso

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A small pole shift can produce all of the Earth

Earth Grids
physics formulas
Geophysics
Geographic coordinate system
Ocean wave energy as an alternative
Ocean rift Magnrtic anomally
The quantum physics under lying remote sensing
Elliott wave theory
Turbulent wind waves on a water current
An new approch to Ocean wave modeling
South Asia the ageless
Continents and race theosophy
Aray's is space to detect up ward
Danish atomic energy commission research establishment
RISO-Part-1
Danish atomic energy commission research establishment
RISO-Part11
The Irish 21 scronomical tract
The Golden age of Kaliyuga
Fema-159-i3 Glossary
US Globec north west Atlantic/Georges
Energy from sea waves the indian wave energy programme
T Sunami waves in the Indian Ocean
Wave characteristics off Visakhapatnam coast
Cambridge-Conference correspondence-1999
Earth
Geochronology Theosophy and science
Happy Ugaadhi and Padwa
911-Plasma cosmos
Indian History source book-Laws of Manu-11
Manava srishti Vijnanam
Advaita Bodhini
The plot-Indian Chronology
The history of Vikramaditya and Salivahana
Aryulu Druvanivasa Kandam
Ashok density [Yona kings]
The Hindu history part-1
Agnivamsha Kings
Jambhu Dwipam
Kalishaka Vijnanam
Indian Eras
Bramanda Srishti Vijnanam
Chronology ancient Hindu history-11
Earth Science
Geology Eras
String of pearls comments
Ozone impacts on climate changes
Why files Antarctic ice
Science Friday kid's kilimanjaro ice
Science meets spiritulism
Turkey's Geography

Edgarcay

Wikipedia
Samantha
Robert J.d
Nicholas.M

M.V.Zavo;
Dr.Dongli
Guru of G

D.Fargion

Krishna p

Robert Be
M.Ravind
E.Vgueni
V.Sunilkum
Fred Hoyl
From sols
F.J. Dick &
Ranghana
Wikipedia
Paulhasal
Kota Venk
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Atlantic Ocean obsevatory to solve mysterious irregularity of

Earth's
Global worming [Solar varition
Nature [the ozone hole has decreased by 30%]
Ozone deplection
Scientific American magazine
The caucasus Mountains formed
Ocean volume displacement factors
Astronomy
Michigan curriculum frame work bench marks connecting to
water
Mountains of each continents
ESCI 108 lecture # 15 mass movements
Plate tectonics
Drifring the time away
Moving mountains the story of revotution
Impacts of global climate change
Full text of Location of Lanka

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Plate tectonics Aunifying theory

The Hindu theory of world cycles

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Reservoirs of Sri Lanka and other their fisheries

Images
Images
Astrology
Indian history source book-Laws of Manu-1
Ancient Chinese
Sea level
Various new clips of interset latest posted at the top of the
page
Brahma Purana
Introduction to Hindu/Sanatana Dharma
Purpose and Value of worship/Prayer
Dvipa
Hindu youngsters in the Netherlands
Encylopedia of Authentic Hinduism
Puranic time and the Archeological record
Indian/Hindu history out line
Science meets spiritulism
Glossary of Astronomucal cycle&Number
Yellow sotne

10

ESS-* Earth quakes

Dispatch from the deep
Electromagnetic waves
USGS under standing plate motions
Jyothirvidya
Sea level,Ice and Green houses-FAQ
Capillary waves ,Wind,waves chapter-10 waves
Sea level rise of the one meater within 100 years

Adabala N
G.Buhler
Shanhuan
Wikipedia
Marilynn

Wikipedia
Linda Joh
K.Ramakr

Chander
H.D. Swam
Michala C
Maolan. M

Dr.Barrym
W.Kuehne
Prof.Nilso

Wikipedia
New Arch
Wikipedia
Staff Edit

KrishnaM

Wikipedia
Bill Leem
Wikipedia
David Can
Henry Rit

Ttuiobr M
Prof.P.V.Ka
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Swami Mu
Vishnutirt

Robert Gr

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Sea level has been rising [current sea level rise]

Continental drift and the age of earth
Important events in the history of Mankind
Classical charter
Highest waves of Ocean, Ocean waves energy
IODP expendition 310; Tahiti sea level
Common climate misconception sea level rise
Vedic astrology
Sanstritik virasath ki Raksha
Puranas Deivathin kural part-I
Puranas Deivathin kural part-II
Puranas Deivathin kural part-IV
Four ages and yuktes war's argument
Atlantis and Lemuris
911-Plasma cosmos
Diagnosing and forecating air craft turbulence with steeping
Mountans waves
Chapter -8 Waves and water dynamics
How much is the sea level
puranas Divivathin kural part-III
Indian calender from post vedic period to AD 1900
Wave energy in motion
Global warming
Geoscience Aspect
Planent x passes in 2003 earth changes
The first period in tensive reading
Green house Gases and Global warming potential values
The creation of the Universe
Large scale integration of on and off shorwe wind power

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International Varianins of water mass Volumes in the soofhern

ocean
Las peyres decomposition medical of industry atmosphere
pollution
The concept of yuga modern scientific approaches to bridge
Ocean 420 Physical processes in Ocean
The creation of the Universe
A search for the Earliest Vedic calendar
Astrovision [feb-2008]
Return to the Goden age of man
Physical behavior of liquid CO in the Ocean
Scale in variant cosmology
Practical global optimization for mults view Geometry
The age of the earth physics v/s faith
Al-biruni and Brahma gupta
Confusion of Yugas
Mythological reference in Gurbani
Academic Chair's perceptions of departmental culture
Chiraan's astrology

Wikipedia
Dr.J.Floor

Zeke Hau

Dr.Mukarj
Guru Sha
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Guru Sha
SK.Chatte
T.W.Thorp
Svante Ar
Dartnell,H
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Mark Haz

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Jessu-Jorg
Gallachar
Matthias

Shang Ho

Balramsin

Natraj Sh
K.D.Abhy
M.K. Vish
Jerryissa
Y.Kobayas
Pierre mid
Sameer A
Chandras
Plato
Bina Vhat
P.L Bharg
Prof. Devi
Karenedg
Chiraan

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Ice age civilization

The alliance of the animal and the human in the expulsion of
the demonic
Evidence of knowledge
Cycles
Cosmic Vibration,Vedic environmental wisdom
Mukhyaparna-the avatar of Vayu
Explore the world change the world
Wave field
environmental condition in the southern Barents sea
Diagnosing and forecating air craft turbulence with steeping
Mountans waves
Vlassic encyclopedia
Puramnas
The Kaliyuga in Hindu Chronology
The cycle of age
India discussion on farm Indian history
Paradigm shift sin Astronomy and cosmology
Cosmology formulas
To ward a new scientific astrology
A new scientific house system
World the Earth
Poles shifts
Burning Libraries [BCE]
Puranic time measurements"Explained"
The concept of time in indian Mythology
Waves-Part-I Matteris made of waves
Waves part-II
Waves-part-III
The scret doctrine volum-iii part 2 of 4
Theosophical Glea
The age of Earth
Upper paleolithic
Paleolithic
Indic studie's foundation
Sea level rise
Scientific reticence and sea level rise
wonder radio
NASA
Barometeric formula
Mountain
Vedic Mathematicians in ancient India part-ii
Compilationon aries
Vedic concept of time
Vedic Mathematicians in ancient India part-ii
Science Equations and formulas
The 3 half wave length horizontal
Lecture-3
Physics formulas
New Illuminati
Encyclopedia>Astrological age
Predicting contrails using an appleman chart

james I.N
Annalourd

William Q
Rodney li
Madhava

WAM
Arnekvifro
Mc.Cann,

Wikipedia
GEW
Rajavidya
Kaushal

Eric Linde
Narada m

Davidprat
Version Fr

Beliefs &l
Gabriel La
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Wikipedia

EugenesT
J.E.Hanse

Kosala ve

Kosala ve

Edward M

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In the beginning
Oceangraphy : Ocean
Satoruvash
Going,going.gone lacoast
The grand ages and the coming of Aquarius
Testing the water
unlimited philosophy
Secrect cycles
Calculation of sidereal time and ascendant
Hindu-units of measurment
Timeings of four yugas
Equation of time
Epistolary [mathematisim the mythology]
Astronomical dating of Ramayana
Om
Glossary of calendrical terms
Calender sign
Astronomy and its role in vedic culture
Hindu chronology
The origins of the yearly counting
Vaishnava calender
The secreat Doctrine Science religion and Philosophy Part-I
The secreat Doctrine part-II
The secreat Doctrine part-III
The secreat Doctrine part-IV
Planetary movement
Prithru Yajana
The wisdom of ancient India
Complement rity of week lensing with others
Hindu Gods
Hydrology Ecology
Environmental monitoring and global change
New Jersey geological survey
Science week
05-09-Dam-up pressure moter
Stellar astonimy
Seven Sumits
B.C.Mathematics
Ancient Sri Lanka
Drift 11 satus & Simulation
The metric system
Mountains
Pre Panga
Endorsements
Kundali of Sri Rama
The Eramayana as the story of Aryan station
Geology-1010
Fondation of Mathematics Geometry
Geology 1010 science
Lemurian scrolls
The Sapta rishi cycle of 3600 years

Dr.J.Floor

Watermar

Johan L.D
Dalady Bo
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Wikipedia
Stephen K
Wikipedia
Sampath
Sulekha

A.C.B.V.S
Sepp Roth
Subhashk
Shanker B
Sepp Roth
Panjika
H.P.Balav
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India interacts great civilization including Tamil

indian Ocean earth Quake
Encyclopedia images susong star map
The creation of the universe
Astronomy
Astronomical cycles
Surya siddhanta
Surya vanshi
Lunar dynasty
Saini
World history
Brahmavidya
introduction the fifth Veda-Purana
4
Tapas or Penance
The Sun makes our weather and shapes our climate
Earth history and Geologic time E.5.3
The agrarian in ancient India
4
Indian mathematics
Wavw power
Science meets spiritulism
Exercises in Oceanography
4
9.Indian calender from post Vedic period to AD 1900
Vedic astrology
Science in Hinduism
The Tantra Samgraha
11
Earth's atmosphere
Exosphere
Ionosphere
Gravity wave
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Linear of ocean surface waves
Linear of ocean waves thory II nd oder
Ozone layer
Basic chemistry of ozonee depletion
Ozone grossary
Temperature change History
10 Creation stores
Indian chronology
Devi Bhaghavatam
The true history and the religion of India
Geological aspects of the Surya Saiddhanta
The Mystery of the Zodiac
Planetary diameters in the Surya-Siddhanta
The Hindu theory of world cycles
Samvastsara in Hindu Kalaganana
Indian yuga system origins and uses
7
Lenticular all tocumlulus clouds mountain waves
World Geography
Formation of Mountains
Sencer CVP list
Effect of surface conditionon down slope wind and Mountain
Gravity anomalies and flexure of the Lithosphere at Mountain

Nandhi Va

Shiva Sak
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Wikipedia

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S.K.Chatt
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Bhattathi
Nilakanta
Wikipedia

NASA

David

S.R.N. Mu
Ernst Will
Richard Jo

A.K.Upad
Rajesh Ko

A.B.Watt

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123

1
1
8

124

125

126

13

127

128

12

ranges
Standing waves
Mount Meru
Vayu
A note on the Ramayana
Time line Kalachakra
Amazing science of East
Collation of Theosophyical glossaries
Paradigm shift A History of Knowledge--I
Paradigm shift A History of Knowledge--II
E"O"tV"O"s Lorand university Department of Meteorology
Movement and velocity of the avalanches
Miracle of Quran
Ice age temperature
The tuning and our part-II
Early human civilization after ice age
Ice age
Deep water formation now vs last ice age
Connecting science and scriptures
Gyandotcom
The Hindu theory of world cycles
Brahmapuran
Vicharvandana
Brahmanda purana
The agre of Ramayana
Special relativity
Time dilation
Astronomical unit
global warming ice age and sea level changes
Earth and it is atmosphere
Space weather and its effect's on space craft
Global warming
Geologic time scale
Earth
The sun that makes it hot
Gravitational constant
Earth science
Imminent consequences of Global climate change
Temperature
Magnetosphere
Altitude and engine performance sea level units of pressure
Gravitational red shift
Discoverses
Lalitha tripura sundari the red Goddess
Nature's finer force
Deities of the Tithis
The origin of Human kind
Enle Rongeant
Indian culture
The value of cycle
History and the Feminine Mysteries
Hinduism

Wikipedia
Wikipedia

S.S.N.Mur

Rodney li

Picroscaru
Picroscaru
USGS

Wikipedia
Deefinney
Tony Smit
Wikipedia

Satya Sha
Rohit Sha

Dr.Naresh
Wikipedia

Wikipedia

Ahmed Sa
D.Kellyod
Wikipedia

Jaylehr Ri
Wikipedia
Karunaka
Gardaghi

Graham H
Balapanc
Ramprasa

Dhatri

Sharron r
B.R.Cheta

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130

131

17

132

133

18

Hindu traditions
The Four Yugas
Puranic time and the Archeological record
The cycle of ages
Hindu of Univers
Atlants and Evolution of Humanity
Planetary influenies of Human affairs
Spotlight on Ramayana
The origen of vertical crustal movements with in Lighospheric
plates
Current Science
Formation and dynamics of mountain
Mountain flying
Environment ozone alert
Sri Lanka
Crustal evolution of the bering shelf ; Chukchi sea
cedar mountain formation
Lemurian scroll conclusion
World age
The rise and fall of Atlants
Marine archaeology in Indian
Apocalypse 2012?
Time
Diversity and adaptations of deep sea microorganism
Apocalypse 2012
Day Duality created by time
Yuga Maha-Yuga,and Kalpa
Aryabhatas contribution to Indian astronomy
International system of units
Shaktis of the Nakshatras
Racial cycles and Yugas
One cosmic day of creator Brahma
Indian yuga system
Ancient science
Spiritualism, modern science and ancient history
Nasa calls -Rama sethu
Namo Bhaghavathe Rudraya dancing with Shiva
Merging with Shiva,chitromi
Bhaktivedanta Veda base Sri Madbhagavatam
Ancient Indian's contribution to cosmology
A journey through time and Ramayana
NASA digital images discover ancient Ramayana bridge
between Indian:Lanka
Road to Ramayana
Cellon the Lanka in ramayana
Hinduism
Ramayana circuit
Ramayana
Rama sethu; A myth or reality
Meru
Eden was the north pole
Vedic cosmology planetarium

Michal A.
Rajavidya

Richard A
Venkata R
Sri Swam
E.V.Artyuh

W.D.West
G.K.Tushi
K.Truemp
K.Truemp
Wikipedia

Christos A
Sila Triati

Shyamas
Chandra
R.Osemar

Prasad Go
M.L.Sharm
Wikipedia
Dr.David
G.Depuru
O.V.Krishn
Rajesh Ko

NASA
SadaKosa

Richard.L
Sudersha

Sirance G
Shyamsu

Srinath G
Surajbhav
Shiva sam
Gene D.M

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15

136
137
138
139

1
1
1
2

140

141

142

Jambhu dvipa Images

Ramayana trail
Map of India during Ramayana and Maha bharata
Sindhology; Sindhi civilization
Evidenciade Lemuria Omu
Egyptian map of Antarctica
Mu map gallery
Rishi muka
Bridging the myth and science of the food
Unexplaine
World mysteries Nazca lines
Rama Sethu-World heritage
Rama sethu & Ocean cum bridge erosion
Clarity on the Rama-Sethu controversy
Deities of the Tithis and how they influence the natal chart
Project Management body of knowledge in Valmiki ramayana
Theosophy down under library home
The Hindu theory of world cycles
The concept of Yuga modern scientific approches to bridge
Global climate change and energy
Srishti and Pralaya
Sidereal calculations and first point of Aries
What is Time
Units of time,Saka,and Samvatsara in Hindu Kalaganana
Transits of Venus prove that does not Wobble
The Pleiades
Four ages and Yokteswar's Argument
India and the Kali Yuga
Majeed's blog time line of Earth
history and celestial time
Precession of the Equnoxes
Earth's atmosphere
Elnino/Southern oscillation
NASA formulas
Kingdoms of ancient India-I
Kingdoms of ancient India-II
Kingdoms of ancient India-III
Hindu wisdom Suvarna Bhumi-part-I
Hindu wisdom Sacred
Hindu wisdom Indian,Pasfic waves-part-II
Scafaring in ancient India
Krishna Birth 21-07-3228 bC
Rama and Krishna
Tattava Vedanta
Juliam calendar
The Vayu purana
Geology and Cosmology
The Indian calendar and Kaliyuga
Vishwakarma Purana
Plate trconics a.paradigm under threat
Hindiism and Mythology

Rahul Gaj

G.T.Shaha
William H
Rand & R

Harry you

Edward L
Kaala Gan
deshpand
Dr.D.V.N.S

Komill sut
S.Ganapa
John Vanm

Balaram S

Jvanant,R

A.K.Upad

Afred Lord

Shankar J
Vygarlidl
Walter cru
Chart

NASA
Wikipedia
""
""
Ricardo P
Ricardo P
Ricardo P
Ricardo P
Snita Mitr
Ananda R
Pdt.Madh

Dr.Kishore
David pra

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144
145

146
147

148

149

150

1
1
6

13

10

Indian yuga system origns and uses

Earth's bleah furure
Between Paralaya& Maha Pralaya
Shalagram the mystic cosmes Part-I
Shalagram the mystic cosmes Part-II
Theosophical fountain source of occultism
Echad fisher man chakra
God's 24000 years yuga cycle
Volcanology from myth to science
Origins of Saraswati
Synchro geapc# 108 Aum
Hindu wisdom Suvarna bhumi
Vedic science Dating Ramayana
Proving the history of Rama
Spotilight on the Ramayana
What is the total time of creation
Veda-Srishti and Pralaya
Vedic time line from year 23700 BC
Vedic astrology
Mathematical achievment of Aryabhattas
Time
Life and works
Brahma ancient power of Sanskrit Mantra and ceremony
Volume-I
Introduction to Physical geology geography of South Asia
Science meets spiritulism
Physical Geography fundamental book
The universe of the Vedas
Itihaas-roots of sindhi civilization
Key feturea of vedic astrology
Epistolary mathematic in the Mythology
The duration of one day of Brahma
Units of Time
Geological history of Earth
Historical Geology
Time cycles in Indian comology
Religious worship
Ethnobiological analysis fro Myth to science
Joy:the journal of Yoga
Aryabhattas contribution to Indian astronomy
The vedic divisions of time
Simple explanation of Einstein's relativity theory
The Yuga system and the computations of mean and true
planetary longitudes
Science in ancient India
Astronomy in ancient and medievel India
The scientific dating the Mahabharat war
Seismicity in the peninsular Indian
Proving the history of Rama
54 these for reconstructing Earth and Human history
The concept of yuga

Evgueny
Evgueny
G.De Puru
Yoganand
Yoganand
Translated

Robert m
Miller
Philip Raw
Ravi Mukk
Dr.Satyap
Sri Swam
Dr.A.P.Rao

Dr.P.V.Var
G.Kumar
Alexande
Shyama S
Geradus M

Prof.Subh

Dr.Michae
Sadaputta
G.T.Shaha
William R

K.Krishna

Wikipedia

Roopa-H.N
Kalidasa
Sachida N
Bunny Pa
M.L.Sharm
Richard S
Adrian Bji

Jai deva C
Kripashan
Dr.P.V.Var
A.B.Roy
Rating: D
Emiliospe
Balaram S

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151

10

152

153

16

154

155

156

12

The relationship between a brahmanic fire altar and a Solar

formula
The mythic geography of the Northern polar regions
Apocalypse-2012
4 JUG
Indian Yugas System
Atmospheric physics
Time and reinacarnation
The concept of Yug Modern Scientific
The journal of yuga
Videha mithila ,Tribhukti
The yoga
Aryabhatta-I
Four ages and argument
Temperature record
Magneticosphere Earth's Magnetic field
Geomagnetic reversal
Solar variation
Origing Human kind
The Neogene
The Pleistocene
The Ice age
The Early Cambrian Epochs-I
The Paleozoic-I
Paleozoic sites-2
The Paleozoic-3
The Miocene
The Pliocene
The Holocene
The Piacenizan
The Eocene
Pliocene life
The cambrian-I
The Marine Eco system
The Cambrian-2
The oilgocene
The fine structure of the special Maxima of Variation
Pilot friend flying in mountain
Oceangraphy-II
Temperature and Kinematic and Dynamic quantities
National academy of Science
Climate
Oceangraphy :waves
Ice age sea level
Temperature
Power tools for technical communication
Earth
Sri Rama Sethu
Ramayana Sites in Sri Lanka
Manvantara,& the super continent cycle
New explanation of the geological evolution
Fundamentals of Grace

F.Graham

Chetvand
Rosemary
Suraj Prak
Rajesh Ko
Wikipedia
Carlosox
Balaram S
Bunny pa

Dr.David
Shivashak
Yukteswa
Wikipedia

E.V.Ivano

Dr. J.Floor
Christoph
Johan Bae

T.V.Renga

Swami Ra
A.V.Sanka
David Err

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158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184

15

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

Mean position of Sun &Moon

Deities of the Tithis
R.K.Joyis
Earth's constant Magnetic field
Rock sea wall at beach needs immediate review
Navaneetham
Ambala puzha sri Krishna
Dwapara Yuga
Legendary kings of Magadha
Ramayana by Valmiki was not just a legend
Vedic Africa
Ramayana Tradetion in Manipur
Kishkinda
Ramayana sites Sri lanka
Engineering aspects of Rama Sethu
Lord rama Fact or Fiction
Foot print of Lord Rama on the Sands of time
Binary research Institute
Cardamon hills
Western Ghats
Agastya mala
Vedic creational Myths
Translation Surya-Siddhanta
Rekha Ganita vol-I
The Rekha Ganita vol-II
Brahma-Sphuta Siddhanta vol-IV
Brahma-Sphuta Siddhanta vol- II
Brihat-Jataka , Varaha Mihira
Brahma-Sphuta Siddhanti vol-I
The Aryabhatiya
Aryabhatiya Part-II
True Rationale of Surya Siddhanta
Aryabhata
The Arya Bhatiya of Aryabhata
The Aryabhatiya
Brahma-Sphuta Siddhanta vol-III
On some geological aspects of the Surya Siddhanta
Pancha Siddhantika by Varaha Mihira
Siddhanta Siromani of Bhaskara Carya
Surya siddhantah vol-II
Surya Sidhanta [sanskrit]
Brihat-Jataka , Varaha Mihira
Pancha siddhantika of Varaha Mihira
Surya Siddhanta
Surya siddhanta
Samhita series Brihat samhita varha Mihira
Brihat-Jataka , Varaha Mihira
Vradhyavana Jataka of Miharaja vol-II
Brihat-Jataka , Varaha Mihira

Reference Telugu books:

Komill sut
K.Chandr
NASA
Letter to

Valluvana

Amlan roy
Vrinparke
Dr.Kailask

Stephen K
Sadhu Pro
Walter cru

Bapu Dev
Harilal Ha
Samrad Ja
Acharyav
Acharyav
N.Chidam
Acharyav
H.Kern
K.Samaba
K.Chandr
Krupa Sha
Walter Eu

Acharyav
S.R.N. Mu
Samrad Ja
Dr.D.Arka
Kamalaka

N.Chidam
G.Thibaut
Pandit Ba
Dr.Ebenez
N.Chidam
N.Chidam
David Pin
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99
1. ( II


)
1.

2. : 16 (
)
3. : 6
4. : 6

5. : 8

2. ( II


)
1. : 3 .

2.upanishad sanskrit 6 parts : Geeta press

3. (

)


1.
: 1,2.3

: 1,2,3
2.


3.
: 1,2

4.

: 1,2

5.
: 1,2,3,5/1.2.3 (4 )
6.
: 2,3 (1 )

7.
: 3,4 (1,2 )
8.
: 1,2

9.
: 1,2

10.
: 1 (2 )
11.
: 1

12.
: 1 (2 )
13.
: 1 (2 )
14.
: 1

15.
: 1,3/2,4/2 (2,3/1,4/1 )
16.
: 1 (2 )
17.
: 1

18.
:
4.

1.
.
: Dr .M .

2.

() : Dr . & .
3. :


.

4. : 2 -



.

5. (

,
) : Dr .
.
.
6. :
, .

7.

: 10 -

.

100
8.
.

: 10 -

9. : Dr .
.

10.
.

: 3 -Dr .M .
11. :
.

12.

: 3 -
.

13. : .
14.
: 2 -..

15.

: 6 -.
16. : 6 - . . .
17.Ramayanamu : Kamala Subramaniam.
18.The ramayana : Ramesh Menon.
19.The Kamba Ramayana : P.S.sundaram.
20.
.
:

21. ( ) :
. .
.

22.Dating the era of Lord Rama : Pushkar Bhatnakar

23.Ramayana (Around The World-A Living Legend) : Ravikumar
24.Epilogue of Ramayana : M.R.Yardi
25.Evidence of Rama-Ramayana-Hindu Voice
26.Epic Characters of Ramayana : 10 books-Bharata Samskruti Prakashana.
27., , ?
? : .
5.
)


(
1. : 1,2
2. : 1

3. : 1,2
4. : 1

5. : 1
6. : 1
7.
: 1
8.
: 1

9. ,10, , 11.
: 1
12. : 1,2

13. : 1

14. ,15.
: 1 .
,18.
, 16. ,17.

6.

1.


: 2 -
.
2.

: 2 -
.

3.

: 2 -
.
4.

: -
.

101
5.

: ,-
.
6. : 5 -
.
7.

1.
:

2.
() :
. .
.
3. Bhagavad-Gita: A.C Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada.
8.
1. :
- II .
2.: - .

3. :
.
-

4.:


-



.
5.
: -
.

6.:

.
-

7.: -4 -
.
8. Raghuvamsa of Kalidasa: C .R. Devadhar
9. Dashakumara charitra of Dandin: M .R .Kale.
9.

1.
.

: 2 - II

2. Brhat-Samhita: Dr.Shri Krishna Jugnu
3. The Surya Siddhanta: Edenezer Durgess
4, Suryasiddhanta: Dr.Sadhikanta Bharadwaja.
5. A Book of India: B.N.Pandey.
6. The Wonder that was India: 2 parts S.A.A. Rizvi.
7. A classical Dictionary of India: Johan Garrett.
8. The Hindu History: A.K.Mazumdar
9. The Hindu Mythology: W.J.Wilkins.
10. A Dictionary of Dates: Bakhtiar.K.Dadabhoy.
11.

: 4 -
.
12.
.

13.:

.

14. : II
&
.
15. :


.

16.:

.
P .

17. -: II .
18.
: .
19.

:
.

20.
(
)
:
(

21. Brahmanda srishti Vijnanam: Kota Vaenkachalam.

22. Indian GEO Graphical Facts: S.M.Mathur.
23. Phsical Geography: Dr.R.N.Tikka

102
24. Hindu temples: Parti 1-SitaRam
25. The Noble Quran: Dr.Muhammad Taqi-ud-Din al-hilali
26. Sirat-un-Nabi: Allamashibli.Nu'Mani.
27. American from the Road:
28. : .
. ..
29.
: .
30.
: .

31. 2 :

.
: P.V . .
32.

33.
:

.
34.
: D . N .

35.
P .C .
.
:
36.
:
P .C .
.
37. :

.
38. : .

39.

: .
40.
:
:

41.

: .
42.
: .

43.
: .
10.

1. : ..
.
2. :
.

3.
:

.

4. - : .
.
5.
:

6. : II
.
7. -
:

8.
-
- :
9.
- :

10.A Dictionary of Dates : Bakhtiar.K.Dadabhoy

13.LINEAGE OF THE AUTHOR:

This chapter given an account of the heredity of the author who has under taken the uphill
task of writing a research oriented book based on Ramayana with an aim of showing the

103

athletic picture of the great Sethu or Varadhi (bridge), Lankanagara, Simhala, island etc. by
patiently and perseverant gathering information from various southern mythology legendary
and Scientific. So naturally it has becomes the penultimate section.
1.

2.

3.

4.

14. GRAPHIC REPRESENTATION:

This section gives pictorial description of certain important things mentioned in the chapters
1 to 11. The last section therefore appears to be the fitting conclusion of the treatise.
1. Geological condition

2.Bilogical condition

104

Chronogical condition

4. Astrological picture

105

6. Journey of Rama

106

8. The picture of the Sethu

107

9. Aview of the city of Lanka

108

10. RESEARCH ACPECT

109

110

11. Indian culture Scenario

111