ID Main (m)

ID 2 (m)
67% ID (m)
33% ID (m)
50% ID (m)

1.96E-02
2.40E-02
1.60E-02
1.13E-02
1.39E-02

Test 1

Fitting
Mitre
Elbow
Short
Long
Contaction
Enlagment
Gate Valve 100%

h1 (mm H2O)
135
170
190
205
205
206
150

h2
107
150
178
203
190
205
135

Test 2

Fitting
Mitre
Elbow
Short
Long
Contaction
Enlagment
Gate Valve 100%

h1 (mm H2O)
133
203
240
270
270
265
133

h2
80
165
218
265
240
270
165

Test 3

Fitting
Mitre
Elbow
Short
Long
Contaction
Enlagment
Gate Valve 100%

h1 (mm H2O)
145
255
310
365
365
355
190

h2
50
190
275
350
310
366
145

A Main (m^2)
A 2 (m^2)

3.02E-04
4.52E-04

Density (kg/m^3)
visc (kg/m*s) @ 23 deg

hi (mm)
28
20
12
2
15
1
15
0
0

hi (m)
2.80E-02
2.00E-02
1.20E-02
2.00E-03
1.50E-02
1.00E-03
1.50E-02
0.00E+00
0.00E+00

Volume (L)
10
10
10
10
10
10
10

Volume (m^3)
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0
0

hi (mm)
53
38
22
5
30
-5
-32
0
0

hi (m)
5.30E-02
3.80E-02
2.20E-02
5.00E-03
3.00E-02
-5.00E-03
-3.20E-02
0.00E+00
0.00E+00

Volume (L)
15
15
15
15
15
15
15

Volume (m^3)
0.015
0.015
0.015
0.015
0.015
0.015
0.015

hi (mm)
95
65
35
15
55
-11
45
0
0

hi (m)
9.50E-02
6.50E-02
3.50E-02
1.50E-02
5.50E-02
-1.10E-02
4.50E-02
0.00E+00
0.00E+00

Volume (L)
19
19
19
19
19
19
19

Volume (m^3)
0.019
0.019
0.019
0.019
0.019
0.019
0.019
0
0

997.62
9.33E-04

g (m/s^2)

9.81

Time (s)
61
61
61
61
61
61
61

Flow rate Q (m^3/s)

1.64E-04
1.64E-04
1.64E-04
1.64E-04
1.64E-04
1.64E-04
1.64E-04
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!

V (m/s)
5.43E-01
5.43E-01
5.43E-01
5.43E-01
5.43E-01
5.43E-01
5.43E-01
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!

K
1.861
1.329
0.798
0.133
0.997
0.066
0.997
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!

Re
1.14E+04
1.14E+04
1.14E+04
1.14E+04
1.14E+04
1.14E+04
1.14E+04
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!

f_Re
2.99E-02
2.99E-02
2.99E-02
2.99E-02
2.99E-02
2.99E-02
2.99E-02
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!

Time (s)
60.34
60.34
60.34
60.34
60.34
60.34
60.34
60.34

Flow rate Q (m^3/s)

2.49E-04
2.49E-04
2.49E-04
2.49E-04
2.49E-04
2.49E-04
2.49E-04
0.00E+00
#DIV/0!

V (m/s)
8.24E-01
8.24E-01
8.24E-01
8.24E-01
8.24E-01
8.24E-01
8.24E-01
0.00E+00
#DIV/0!

K
1.532
1.098
0.636
0.145
0.867
-0.145
-0.925
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!

Re
1.73E+04
1.73E+04
1.73E+04
1.73E+04
1.73E+04
1.73E+04
1.73E+04
0.00E+00
#DIV/0!

f_Re
2.68E-02
2.68E-02
2.68E-02
2.68E-02
2.68E-02
2.68E-02
2.68E-02
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!

Time (s)
60.45
60.45
60.45
60.45
60.45
60.45
60.45

Flow rate Q (m^3/s)

3.14E-04
3.14E-04
3.14E-04
3.14E-04
3.14E-04
3.14E-04
3.14E-04
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!

V (m/s)
1.04E+00
1.04E+00
1.04E+00
1.04E+00
1.04E+00
1.04E+00
1.04E+00
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!

K
1.718
1.175
0.633
0.271
0.994
-0.199
0.814
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!

Re
2.18E+04
2.18E+04
2.18E+04
2.18E+04
2.18E+04
2.18E+04
2.18E+04
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!

f_Re
2.53E-02
2.53E-02
2.53E-02
2.53E-02
2.53E-02
2.53E-02
2.53E-02
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!

L eq
1.220
0.871
0.523
0.087
0.654
0.044
0.654
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!

L eq
1.121
0.803
0.465
0.106
0.634
-0.106
-0.677
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!

L eq
1.333
0.912
0.491
0.210
0.772
-0.154
0.631
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!

Chart Title

Fitting
Mitre
Elbow
Short
Long
Contaction
Enlagment
Gate Valve 100%

Straight Length Equivalent (Le)

Test 1
Test 2
Test 3
1.220
1.121
1.333
0.871
0.803
0.912
0.523
0.465
0.491
0.087
0.106
0.210
0.654
0.634
0.772
0.044
-0.106
-0.154
0.654

-0.677

0.631

Reynolds

1.14E+04 0.029894
1.73E+04 0.026794
2.18E+04 0.025255

Fitting
Mitre
Elbow
Short
Long
Contaction
Enlagment
Gate Valve 100%
Fitting

Reynolds's Number and

Friction factor (f)

Test 2
Test 3
0.0298942 0.026794 0.025255
0.0298942 0.026794 0.025255
0.0298942 0.026794 0.025255
0.0298942 0.026794 0.025255
0.0298942 0.026794 0.025255
0.0298942 0.026794 0.025255
0.0298942 0.026794 0.025255
Test 1
Test 2

Reynold's
Frcition
Reynold's
Number
factor
Number
Mitre
1.14E+04 0.029894 1.73E+04
Elbow
1.14E+04 0.029894 1.73E+04
friction coefficient
Short
1.14E+04 0.029894 1.73E+04
Long
1.14E+04 0.029894 1.73E+04
Contaction
1.14E+04 0.029894 1.73E+04
Enlagment
1.14E+04 0.029894 1.73E+04
Gate Valve 100%
1.14E+04 0.029894 1.73E+04

Test 2

Test 3

Frcition
Reynold's Frcition
factor
Number factor
0.026794 2.18E+04 0.025255
0.026794 2.18E+04 0.025255
0.026794 2.18E+04 0.025255
0.026794 2.18E+04 0.025255
0.026794 2.18E+04 0.025255
0.026794 2.18E+04 0.025255
0.026794 2.18E+04 0.025255

% open
92
83
75
67
42

P1 (bar) P2 (bar) P(pa)

0.2
0
0.4
0
0.6
0
0.8
0
1
0

0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1

Q th
Q act (L/s) Q act ( m^3
Cd
0.001582
0.312 0.000312 5.069848
0.001874
0.272 0.000272 6.891327
0.001861
0.233 0.000233 7.987189
0.0017
0.169 0.000169 10.05684
0.000743
0.144 0.000144 5.157763

Test 1

Test 2

Test 3

Fitting
Mitre
Elbow
Contaction
Gate Valve 100%
Short
Long
Enlagment

h1 (mm H2O) h2
135
170
205
150
190
205
206

107
150
190
135
178
203
205

Fitting

h1 (mm H2O)

h2

Mitre
Elbow
Contaction
Short
Long
Enlagment
Gate Valve 100%

133
203
270
240
270
265
133

80
165
240
218
265
270
165

Fitting

h1 (mm H2O)

h2

Mitre
Elbow
Contaction
Gate Valve 100%
Short
Long
Enlagment

145
255
365
190
310
365
355

50
190
310
145
275
350
366

Flow rate Q (m^3/s)

Fitting

hi (mm)
28
20
15
15
12
2
1

1.64E-04
1.64E-04
1.64E-04
1.64E-04
1.64E-04
1.64E-04
1.64E-04

hi (mm)

Fitting
Flow rate Q (m^3/s)
2.49E-04
2.49E-04
2.49E-04
2.49E-04
2.49E-04
2.49E-04
2.49E-04

53
38
30
22
5
-5
-32

Mitre
Elbow
Short
Long
Contaction
Enlagment
Gate Valve 100%

Mitre
Elbow
Short
Long
Contaction
Enlagment
Gate Valve 100%

Fitting
hi (mm)
95
65
55
45
35
15
-11

Flow rate Q (m^3/s)

3.14E-04
3.14E-04
3.14E-04
3.14E-04
3.14E-04
3.14E-04
3.14E-04

Mitre
Elbow
Short
Long
Contaction
Enlagment
Gate Valve 100%

Trial 1

Trial 2
Loss coefficient
K
1.8609 1.532
1.3292 1.098
0.7975 0.636
0.1329 0.145
0.9969 0.867
0.0665 -0.145
0.9969 -0.925

Loss
coefficient
K
1.532
1.098
0.636
0.145
0.867
-0.145
-0.925

Loss
coefficient
K
1.718
1.175
0.633
0.271
0.994
-0.199
0.814

Trial 3

1.718
1.175
0.633
0.271
0.994
-0.199
0.814