Speech and language disorders

By: Jackie, Ramiro, Maria, Brian and Kaleigh

Video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ySt8dOufTt8

Definition:
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) officially defines speech and
language impairments as a communication disorder such as stuttering, impaired
articulation, a language impairment, or a voice impairment that adversely affects a
child's educational performance.

Causes of Speech and Language Disorders

There are many different causes of Speech and Language
disorders.
Some of these causes include hearing loss, neurological
disorders, brain injuries, physical impairments and drug abuse.
Examples of physical impairments include cleft lip or palate and
vocal abuse or misuse.

Types of speech and language disorders

Speech Disorders
Articulation Disorders- Errors in the production of speech that
includes omissions, substitutions, additions, and distortions.
Fluency Disorders- Difficulties with rhythm and timing of
speech. This includes stuttering and cluttering
Voice Disorders- Having problems with the quality or use of
ones voice that results from disorders of the larynx. The two
types of voice disorders are phonation and resonance.

Types of speech and language disorders

Language Disorders
Phonological Disorder- An abnormal organization of the
phonologic system or a deficit in speech production or
perception
Apraxia of Speech- Speech and language disorder caused by
oral-motor difficulty and limitations of expression
Semantic Disorder- Poor vocabulary development
Pragmatic Difficulties- Problems using and understanding
languages in different social settings

Types of speech and language disorders

Central Auditory Processing Disorder
Problem in the processing of sound, not attributed to hearing
or intellectual capacity.

Characteristics In and out of school

Articulation

Substitutes one sound with another

Omits or Distorts speech sounds

Exhibits poor speech intelligibility which interferes with his ability to participate
in oral classroom activities

Language

Exhibits difficulty with receptive and expressive vocabulary

Fequently exhibits word retrieval difficulties

The student uses improper word order in sentences

Characteristics In and out of school

Fluency Disorder

Frequently repeats sounds, syllables or words(Suh-suh-sun,birth-birth-birthday)

Frequently prolong sounds in words(SSSSSSSun, Baaaaaaaby)

Student is unusually quiet and avoids answering questions in classroom.

Voice Disorder

Voice quality is noticeable nasal

Voice chronically hoarse, harsh or husky

Frequently exhibits vocally abusive behaviors

Support in School
Be there for the student, create an environment where they
feel comfortable and included to be themselves.
Be involved in the childs IEP meetings and give your input. (If
the child has an IEP)
Communicate with the parents at all times, get to know the
parents. Create a strong relationship so you can give the child
the right education. Communication is key!
Make sure the child is getting all the accommodations he/she
needs.

Sources:

https://www.understood.org/en/school-learning/special-services/special-education-basics/conditionscovered-under-idea
http://www.specialeducationguide.com/disability-profiles/speech-and-language-impairments/
https://www.tulsaschools.org/1_Administration/03_STAFF_MEMBERS/_DEPARTMENTS/special_e
ducation_student_services/_documents/pdf/_speech_documents/Common%20Characteristics%20o
f%20Speech-Lang%20Disorders.pdf