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The Essential English Vocabulary

I.

Basic things (nouns)


Singular
One

A/an ...
(=>)
a person
an object
an idea
a feeling
a place
time
a job
an animal
a mammal
a bird
a fish
an insect
a reptile
a mollusk
a mushroom
a plant
grass
a bush
a tree
a flower
a leaf
a fruit
a vegetable
a shape
food
drink
sleep
activity
clothes

Plural
We know the
exact number
(two, three, etc.)
Number ...
(=>)
people
objects
ideas
feelings
places
jobs
animals
mammals
birds
fish
insects
reptiles
mollusks
mushrooms
plants
bushes
trees
flowers
leaves
fruits
vegetables
shapes
drinks
activities
clothes

We dont know the exact number


Not many ...
(=>)
people
objects
ideas
feelings
places
not much time
jobs
animals
mammals
birds
fish
insects
reptiles
mollusks
mushrooms
plants
not much grass
bushes
trees
flowers
leaves
fruits
vegetables
shapes
not much food
drinks
not much sleep
activities
clothes

Some ...
(=>)
people
objects
ideas
feelings
places
time
jobs
animals
mammals
birds
fish
insects
reptiles
mollusks
mushrooms
plants
grass
bushes
trees
flowers
leaves
fruits
vegetables
shapes
food
drinks
sleep
activities
clothes

Many ...
(=>)
people
objects
ideas
feelings
places
much time
jobs
animals
mammals
birds
fish
insects
reptiles
mollusks
mushrooms
plants
much grass
bushes
trees
flowers
leaves
fruits
vegetables
shapes
much food
drinks
much sleep
activities
clothes

A lot of ...
(!)
people
objects
ideas
feelings
places
time
jobs
animals
mammals
birds
fish
insects
reptiles
mollusks
mushrooms
plants
grass
bushes
trees
flowers
leaves
fruits
vegetables
shapes
food
drinks
sleep
activities
clothes

* The nouns written in bold are irregular nouns uncountable (cannot be counted)

II.

Basic activities/actions (verbs)


Forms of the verb

Infinitive
(how we find it in the
dictionary)

Past
(simple)
(V2)

Present
(simple)
(V1)

Future
(simple)
(will + infinitive)

be
have
do
want
like
speak
say
understand
go
come
stay
take
put
open
close
eat
drink
sleep
work
study
play
think
see
hear
smell
taste
feel
touch
need
listen
look
imagine
remember
follow
walk
sit
stand
run
jump
learn

was
had
did
wanted
liked
spoke
said
understood
went
came
stayed
took
put
opened
closed
ate
drank
slept
worked
studied
played
thought
saw
heard
smelled
tasted
felt
touched
needed
listened
looked
imagined
remembered
followed
walked
sat
stood
ran
jumped
learnt

am/is/are
have/has
do/does
want/wants
like/likes
speak/speaks
say/says
understand/understands
go/goes
come/comes
stay/stays
take/takes
put/puts
open/opens
close/closes
eat/eats
drink/drinks
sleep/sleeps
work/works
study/studies
play/plays
think/thinks
see/sees
hear/hears
smell/smells
taste/tastes
feel/feels
touch/touches
need/needs
listen/listens
look/looks
imagine/imagines
remember/remembers
follow/follows
walk/walks
sit/sits
stand/stands
run/runs
jump/jumps
learn/learns

will be
will have
will do
will want
will like
will speak
will say
will understand
will go
will come
will stay
will take
will put
will open
will close
will eat
will drink
will sleep
will work
will study
will play
will think
will see
will hear
will smell
will taste
will feel
will touch
will need
will listen
will look
will imagine
will remember
will follow
will walk
will sit
will stand
will run
will jump
will learn

* The verbs written in bold are irregular verbs (they have special forms for past)
2

III.

Basic phrases (statements and questions)

Statements
Positive
Negative

Questions
Closed
Open

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