INSTRUCTIONAL

MEDIA
Sakina Mawardah 15220053
Pb. Inggris 2015

STKIP SILIWANGI Bandung

Type of Instructional Media

As a teacher, we need a media to deliver the material to the students so they
can understand better and able to use it in their daily activities.
There are many type of media that can be used in Instructional activities.
There are:
1. Visual
2. Audio
3. Audio Visual (AV)
4. Computer based
5. Realia
These types of media can be chosen after the teacher define the student
needs, the material that will be delivered, prerequisite that need to be
fulfilled, and many other things that need consideration before that teacher
choose the media that they will used for delivering the material to their
students.

Disadvantage:
Negative effect for children
behavior, social attitudes and
physical health

Visual
Types:
1. Non Projected:
cartoon, chart, comic
strip, flashcards,
illustration, map,
models, pictures and
poster
2. Projected: filmstrip,
overhead
projectors,presentatio
ns.

Definition:
Visual media is the sources of data or information in
the form of visual presentation. There are elements
of visual media, there are: line, color, texture, shape,
form, value and size.

1.

2.
3.

4.

Role:
Attention (to attract and direct the student
interest about the material that will be learned
through pictures or text about the material. Its
used for making it more memorable for the
student to memorize about the materials)
Affective (picture or visual logo can arouse
emotion and student attitude)
Cognitive (visual logo or picture can facilitate
the delivery of objectives to understand and
remember the information or messages
contained in images)
Compensatory (the visual medium provides a
context for understanding the text help
students who are weak in reading for organizing
information in text and recall)

Definition:
Audio is an electrical or digital
representation of sound, that consist
of "Aural" (relating sense of hearing)
and "Oral" (speaking).

Characteristic:
Clarity of voice
Relevant of topic
Clear pitch
Appropriate length
and language
Unbiased content

Role:
Teach listening
Teach pronunciation
and intonation

Disadvantage:
Assessing or selecting topics
Consume time
Can't learn read
Controlling device is hard
Need more monitoring

Advantages:
Useful to add, maintain and stimulate interest
Can be use as a set induction strategy
Can clarify problems and ambiguity
Useful in distant learning
Can be use in stimulating emotions
Can aid memory
Helpful in stimulating creative thinking, and
increase imagination
Helpful in learning languages

Audio

Type:
Analog: Radio, tapes
Digital: CD, mp3, wav

Definition:
Conveying information through
media, such as audio and visual
recordings, that are perceivable
by both hearing and sight.

Advantage:
Not boring
Easier to understood the
material

Role:
Help provide first
concept or
impression correct
Encouraging interest
Improve better
understanding
Complete other
study sources
Adding variety of
teaching methods
Save time

Characteristic:
1. Audio Visual Media is able to present the information or
message in the form of images / visuals and sound in real
terms, real.
2. Information submitted may be images / visual facts, real
events, or a fiction / creative ideas.
3. Information or messages are packaged in Program Audio
Visual techniques can spread through the medium of
television, Internet, VCD, DVD.

Audio Visual
(AV)

Disadvantage:
1. The exercise need
considerable time.
2. The exercise
requires a
comprehensive.
3. It costs relatively
more expensive.
4. Audio-visual
media can not be
used anywhere and
anytime, because
the audio-visual
media tend to
remain in place.

Computer
Based

Definition:
Teaching media which
student interactive with
computer even without an
instructor.

Advantage:
1. Provide opportunities
for students to solve
problems individually.
2. Provide compelling
presentations with
animation.
3. Provide learning
content choices are
many and varied.
4. Capable of
motivating students to
learn.
5. Capable of activating
and stimulating
methods of teaching
well.

Role:
Cognitive: Can teach
concept of rules,
principle, measures,
processes, and complex
calculations.
Affective: When a
program is designed to
give a piece of clip
sound or video whose
contents arouse
feelings, learning
attitude / affective can
be done using computer
Psychomotor: Games
and simulation that used
to create conditions of
the working world.

Disadvantage:
1. Learners with low
motivation or bad study
habits may fall behind
without the routine
structures of a
traditional class,
students may get lost or
confused about course
activities and deadlines.
2. Students may feel
isolated from the
instructor and
classmates.
3. Instructor may not
always be available for
students.
4. Slow Internet
connections or older
computers may make
accessing course
materials frustrating.

Advantage:
1. Can foster direct
interaction between
children with real
objects.
2. Can help the
children's learning
process becomes
more active when
observing, handling,
and manipulating. 3.
Media realia can
instill basic concepts
that are abstract to
be true, concrete,
and realistic.

Role:
1. To attract attention.
2. Clarify the presentation of
ideas.
3. Illustrate or decorate a fact
that may be quickly forgotten if
not visualized.

Definition:
A media that is
using real
items that
found in
everyday life
as an aid for
teaching.

Disadvantage:
1. The size is there that most of its forms are too large for
children and too small so difficult for children to
understand the media.
2. The price is expensive media realia.
3. Maintenance realia media must be considered.

Characteristics:
1. Visual message: picture,chart, Diagrams,chart,map.
2. Distributor message visual verbal nonverbal-graphic : book and
module, comic, magazine and journals, poster, board visual.
3. Object original and object imitation (model).

Realia