LEMBAGA PEMBANGUNAN INDUSTRI PEMBINAAN

MALAYSIA (CIDB)
TINGKAT 10, MENARA DATO ONN, PUSAT
DAGANGAN DUNIA PUTRA (PWTC),
NO. 45, JLN TUN ISMAIL, 50480 KUALA LUMPUR

KERTAS PENERANGAN
(INFORMATION SHEET)
KOD DAN NAMA
PROGRAM /
PROGRAMS CODE &
NAME

BC-061-2:2015
BASIC SCAFFOLD ERECTION, ALTERATION AND
DISMANTLING

TAHAP / LEVEL

NO. DAN TAJUK UNIT

KOMPETENSI /

BC-061-2:2015-C02

COMPETENCY UNIT NO.

AND TITLE

TRUSS-OUT (SPUR) SCAFFOLD ERECTION, ALTERATION

AND DISMANTLING

NO. DAN PENYATAAN

AKTIVITI KERJA / WORK
ACTIVITIES NO. AND
STATEMENT

1. COMPLY WITH SAFETY, HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENT

REQUIREMENTS
2. PERFORM SCAFFOLD DESIGN SKETCHING
3. PREPARE SCAFFOLD SITE
4. ERECT FRAME SCAFFOLD
5. ERECT TUBULAR SCAFFOLD
6. ERECT MODULAR SCAFFOLD
7. PERFORM HOUSEKEEPING

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TAJUK / TITLE:
TRUSS-OUT (SPUR) SCAFFOLD ERECTION, ALTERATION AND DISMANTLING
TUJUAN / PURPOSE:
This Information Sheet is intended to describe on tubular, modular and frame scaffold
so the trainee able to ensure the Truss-Out (Spur) Scaffold erected, altered and
dismantled safely and correctly.

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PENERANGAN / INFORMATION:
1. INTRODUCTION

Figure 1: Truss Out (Spur) Scaffold

A truss out (spur) scaffold is an independent tied scaffold, constructed projecting from
the face of a building or structure. The supporting structure is known as a truss-out with
needles or cantilever tubes strengthened by spurs to support the outside scaffold
structure.
This type of scaffold is generally used where it is impractical and not advisable to build
up from ground level, for example, for repairs to a parapet wall, or for work on upper
storey in a tall building on a busy street or relevant.
However, a Professional Engineer experienced in structural design, must verify such a
design before the truss out (spur) scaffold is handed over for use.

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Figure 2: Components of Truss-Out Scaffold

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2. TYPE OF TRUSS-OUT SCAFFOLD

Sample No 2

Figure 3: Sample No. 1

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Figure 2: Sample No. 2

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Figure 4: Sample No 3

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Figure 5: Sample No 4

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3. DESIGN, LOADING, WALL TIES AND BRACING FOR TRUSS OUT (SPUR)
SCAFFOLD
The truss-out scaffold should be designed to support the dead weight of the scaffold
and the total superimposed loads, including wind loading.
Truss out (Spur) scaffold can be built for light duty, medium duty or heavy duty with
the spacing and positions of members as set out in Figure 6.

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Figure 6: Truss-Out Scaffold

4. TERMINOLOGY USED FOR TRUSS OUT (SPUR) SCAFFOLD

4.1. Toms
Toms are fixed between floor and ceiling at proper spacing to suit the
puncheons of the scaffold to be erected on the outside of the building.
A suitable headstock is to be provided at the top of each tom to spread the load
to the ceiling. At the base of the tom a base plate and reveal screw or an
adjustable base is required to firmly secure the tom between the floor and
ceiling. When the toms are in position, they shall be adequately tied together
with ledger and transom and braced.
4.2. Needles or Cantilever Tubes
Needles or cantilever tubes are secured to the toms with right angle couplers.
These cantilever tubes shall be adequately supported and project the required
distance beyond the outside face of the wall. A scaffold tube is fixed, with right
angle couplers, to the toms and hard down on top of the cantilever tubes. This
ties the toms together and acts as a safety measure for any uplift in this end of

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the needles. A scaffold tube is secured, with right angle couplers to the
cantilevers and hard against the inside face of the wall. Safety fittings are
secured to the cantilevers hard against the right angle couplers securing the
tube to the cantilevers. This scaffold tube and safety fittings prevent any outthrust of the scaffold occurring. Care must be taken to ensure that this tube is
supported by the wall and not by architraves or other fixtures.
4.3. Bracing
Bracing tubes fixed with right angle couplers to cantilever tubes and transoms
must be provided to provide rigidity and prevent swaying of the scaffold
structure.
4.4. Facade Bracing
Facade bracing runs parallel to the building and examples of faade bracing
include:
a) A series of parallel diagonal tubes placed one above the other
b) In long facades, a continuous diagonal tube from bottom to top

The recommended facade brace spacing for some system scaffolds ranges
from a maximum of 3 un-braced bays to a maximum of 8 un-braced bays,
depending on the system, Tube and fitting scaffolds should braced at least
every alternate bays or maximum distance of 30m, unless movement along the
building is prevented by other means. Bracing should be fixed as near to the
standards and ledger intersections as possible. The bracing should extend from
bottom to top of the scaffold with no breaks.
4.5. Spurs
Spurs (a load bearing inclined standard/tube) should be set at an angle
generally not exceeding 35 from the vertical. Spurs must be provided to
support all needles/cantilever tubes to which puncheon for the outside scaffold
structure are attached. Their lower ends should be secured against
displacement and bases suitably packed. The upper ends of the spurs should
be fixed to the outer ledgers as close as possible to the cantilever tubes
(leading into or from building). A check coupler should be fixed on to the spur
immediately underneath and in contact with the ledger coupler. The un-braced

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length of rakers should never exceed 3m. For longer length knee braces must
be provided to strengthened spurs.
Only right angle couplers (load bearing couplers) should be used in the
construction of a truss-out (spur) scaffold. Special attention should be given to
the numbers and positioning of spurs, ties and check couplers.
4.6. Plan Bracing
Plan bracing should be installed on those horizontal planes of the scaffold
which are not stabilized against lateral distortion. The bracing should be
connected from standard to standard, forming a complete series of triangles.
Where wall tie can not be installed at the manufacturers recommended
spacing, plan bracing may be used to help span the extended distance
between the adjacent ties to cover maximum distance of 6 bays. Note that the
loading on the ties will be increased.

Figure 7: Figures showing installation of plan bracing

5. ERECTION AND DISMANTLING PROCEDURE FOR TRUSS OUT (SPUR)

SCAFFOLD
a) The supporting scaffolding structure shall be erected first.

This supporting

scaffold is the scaffold WITHIN the internal of the building.

b) The supporting scaffold shall be butted using base jacks against the suffix of the
slab and the dead load of the supporting scaffold shall be supported by the base
jacks.

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c) The supporting scaffold shall be treated like an independent scaffold and it is

used only as a support & counterweight to the trussout scaffold which is fixed
OUTSIDE of the building or structure.
d) As the supporting scaffold is being fixed, needle transoms (the tubes extending
to the outside of the building) will be fixed as a base for the truss-out scaffold.
e) Upon the completion of the needle transoms, the faade/angle tubes shall be
fixed.
f) The truss-out scaffold shall then commence (to be constructed as an
independent scaffold) on top of the needle transoms and the faade/angle
tubes/bracings.
g) The dismantling procedure shall be the reverse of the Erection Procedure.
h) It must be noted that the truss-out scaffold shall be dismantled first followed by
the needle transoms and finally the supporting scaffold shall be dismantled.
i) The supporting scaffold must NOT be dismantled first.

6. SPECIAL NOTES FOR MODULAR SYSTEM

As for modular scaffolds, the same erection and dismantling procedures are
followed as per the erection and dismantling procedures of the tubular system and
manufacturers recommendation.

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7. SAFE ERECTION, ALTERATION AND DISMANTLING OF TRUSS-OUT (SPUR)

SCAFFOLD (TUBULAR)
7.1. Erection
Erection procedures should be such that an unstable is not reached at any time.
This applies to both low and high scaffoldings.
The ties for the scaffold should be fixed in place as the scaffold is erected and
reached each tie position. No portion of the scaffold should be used unless that
portion is fully checked, braced and tied.
i) Step of erection

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Step 1
Dimulakan dengan membuat
pemasangan perancah
didalam bangunan.
Perlu pasang needle
transoms terjulur keluar.

Step 2
Pasang tiub ledger pada
bahagian bawah dihujung
Needle transoms.
Pasang tiub Bracing
Safety clamp dipasang pada
bahagian dalam Bracing

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Step 3
Pasang middle spur diantara
Bracing sudut 45 darjah

Step 4
Selepas pemasangan needle
transoms disusuli dengan
pemasangan faade brace.

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Step 5
Pasang Standard pada
Needle transoms dengan
Right Angle Cuopler

Step 6
Pasang Putlog diatas Needle
transoms disusuli dengan
pemasangan Putlog Cuopler.

Step 7
Siapkan Working Platform .

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7.2. Alteration
All alteration to existing scaffoldings should be carried out in such a way that the
stability of the scaffold is not impaired. As a general rule, supplementary
components should be added before those which have to be removed are
uncoupled and taken away.
Step 1
Buka grandrail dan teoboard jika
menghalang process barang atau
material masuk

Step 2
Pasangkan semua grandrail and
teoboard setelah barang itu telah
dipasang.

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7.3. Dismantling Procedures

i) During dismantling, no component which endangers the stability of the
remaining structure should be removed. If the scaffold is defective, it
should be made good before dismantling. The procedure for dismantling
should proceed generally from top in horizontal section. Scaffold should
never be dismantled in vertical sections from one end towards the other.
ii) Materials should be lowered to the ground as the scaffold is dismantled
progressively. They should not be staked on scaffold. Components should
not be thrown down to ground; they should be lowered hand to hand in an
orderly fashion or brought down by crane, gin wheel or other suitable
means.

iii) When dismantling:

The order in which a scaffold is dismantled is not necessarily the reverse
of the order of erection. Generally, scaffolds should be taken down lift by
lift and not from one end to the other.

Step 1
Buka teoboard and
guardrail .

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Step 2
Buka Putlog diatas
Needle transoms disusuli
dengan Standard.

Step 3
Buka Middle Spur
diantara Bracing

Step 4
Buka Bracing

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Step 4
Buka needle transom.

8. SAFE ERECTION, ALTERATION AND DISMANTLING OF TRUSS-OUT (SPUR)

SCAFFOLD (MODULAR)
8.1. Erection
Erection procedures should be such that an unstable is not reached at any time.
This applies to both low and high scaffoldings.
The ties for the scaffold should be fixed in place as the scaffold is erected and

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reached each tie position. No portion of the scaffold should be used unless that
portion is fully checked, braced and tied.
ii) Step of erection

Step 1
Pasang needle transoms
bersama dengan bracing.
dan Starting collar

Step 2
Pasang Platform

Step 3
Pasang Ledger

Step 4
Pasang Edge protection

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8.2. Alteration
All alteration to existing scaffoldings should be carried out in such a way that the
stability of the scaffold is not impaired. As a general rule, supplementary
components should be added before those which have to be removed are
uncoupled and taken away.

Step 1
Buka grandrail dan teoboard
jika

menghalang

process

barang atau material masuk

8.3. Dismantling Procedures

iv) During dismantling, no component which endangers the stability of the
remaining structure should be removed. If the scaffold is defective, it
should be made good before dismantling. The procedure for dismantling
should proceed generally from top in horizontal section. Scaffold should
never be dismantled in vertical sections from one end towards the other.
v) Materials should be lowered to the ground as the scaffold is dismantled
progressively. They should not be staked on scaffold. Components should
not be thrown down to ground; they should be lowered hand to hand in an
orderly fashion or brought down by crane, gin wheel or other suitable
means.

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vi) When dismantling:

The order in which a scaffold is dismantled is not necessarily the reverse
of the order of erection. Generally, scaffolds should be taken down lift by
lift and not from one end to the other.

Step 1
Buka Edge protection

Step 2
Buka Ledger

Step 3
Buka Platform

Step 4
Buka needle transoms
bersama dengan bracing.
dan Starting collar

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SOALAN/QUESTION:
1. What is the truss out (spur) scaffold?
2. Define terminology for:
a) Toms
b) Spurs

RUJUKAN/REFERENCE :
1. Basic Scaffolding Certificate, Holmesglen Institute of Tafe, National Occupational
Health and Safety Certification Standard for Users and Operators of Industrial
Plant, July 1995
2. Course Of Scaffolding, The Design Specifications Of A Scaffold Can Either Be A
Comple Set Of Drawings Or Held In Mind Of The Responsible Scaffolder,
AS/NZS 4576:1995 Guideline For Scaffolding
3. Scaffolding Inspection Course
4. WA Skill Training, Knowledge and Safety, CPCCLSF2001A , Licence To Erect,
Alter And Dismantle Scaffolding Basic Level