Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Prepared by the
FOREWORD
This manual has been prepared by the Technical Activities Committee to guide the
operation of ACI technical committees.
The success of any committee effort depends largely on the administrative ability and
initiative of the chair. Chairs of ACI technical committees are chosen for their
demonstrated ability and knowledge in the field to be covered by the committee as well
as for their administrative skills. Many details of committee operations are left to their
judgment.
For uniformity of operation and for coordination of activities of the many ACI committees,
some mandatory regulations are necessary for compliance with approved policies for
the development of standards. These mandatory requirements for committee activities
are found throughout the manual. They are stated in the positive language of “shall” or
“must,” whereas suggestions are presented as “should” or “may.”
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Contents Page
Table of Contents
March 2004
iv ACI Technical Committee Manual — 2004
Contents Page
4.3 Letter Ballot Procedures ................................. 20 4.10 Procedure for Reapproval of Committee
4.3.1 Initiating a Letter Ballot....................................... 20 Documents ........................................................24
4.3.2 Letter Ballot Content .......................................... 20 4.10.1 Purpose .............................................................24
4.3.3 Letter Ballot Format............................................ 20 4.10.2 Initiation .............................................................24
4.3.4 Letter Ballot Time Frame.................................... 21 4.10.3 Responsibility......................................................24
4.3.5 Letter Ballot Distribution ..................................... 21 4.10.4 Format .............................................................24
4.3.6 Letter Ballot Negative Votes............................... 21 4.10.5 Passage .............................................................24
4.3.7 Letter Ballot Summary........................................ 21 4.10.6 Completion..........................................................24
4.3.8 Analysis of Letter Ballot Results......................... 21
Fig. 4.1Analyzing Ballot Results and Passing of
4.4 Passage of a Letter Ballot Item....................... 21 Ballot Item .......................................................25
Fig. 4.2Resolution of Negative Votes ..........................26
4.5 Resolution of Negative Votes ......................... 22 Fig. 4.3Negative Vote Found Persuasive ....................27
4.5.1 Withdrawn .......................................................... 22 Fig. 4.4Affirmative with Comment................................28
4.5.2 Unrelated ........................................................... 22
Table of Contents
March 2004
ACI Technical Committee Manual — 2004 v
Contents Page
5.1 Submitting Documents for TAC Review ....... 29 5.5.6.1 Code Case ..........................................................32
5.5.6.2 Provisional Specification or Test Method ............32
5.2 Review of Documents...................................... 29 5.5.6.3 Code or Reference Specification ........................32
5.2.1 Review Comment Classifications ....................... 29 5.5.6.4 Other Standardized Documents..........................32
5.2.1.1 General and Specific Comments........................ 29 5.5.7 Response to Public Discussion...........................33
5.2.1.2 Primary Comment (P) ........................................ 29 5.5.7.1 Expedited Standardization ..................................33
5.2.1.3 Secondary Comment (S).................................... 29 5.5.7.2 Normal Standardization.......................................33
5.2.1.4 Editorial Comment (E)........................................ 30 5.5.8 Document Publication .........................................33
5.2.1.5 Editorial Comment (M) ....................................... 30 5.5.9 American National Standards Institute ................33
5.2.2 TAC Review Procedure...................................... 30 5.5.10 Appeals ...............................................................33
5.2.2.1 TAC Review Group ............................................ 30 5.5.10.1 Appeal of Standardized Documents ..................33
5.2.2.2 Review Comments ............................................. 30 5.5.10.2 Appeal of Nonstandardized Documents ............33
Table of Contents
March 2004
vi ACI Technical Committee Manual — 2004
Contents Page
1.4.1.1.a Suggested Successors For Technical 4.1.3.b Sample No-Protest Consent Confirmation..... 53
Committee Chairs ......................................... 45 4.3.7 Letter Ballot Summary ................................... 54
1.4.1.1.b Guidelines for Selecting ACI Technical 4.10.4 Sample Committee Letter Ballot for
Committee Chairs .......................................... 46 Reapproval ................................................... 55
1.4.2 ACI Committee Applicant’s Data Sheet ......... 47 6.2.3 Guidance on Requesting Convention
1.7.2 Committee Membership Questionnaire ......... 48 Sessions ........................................................ 56
2.6.a Annual Report of ACI Committee Activities ... 49 6.2.4 Preliminary Approval – Convention Session
2.6.b Annual Report – Page 2 ................................ 50 Request Form ................................................ 57
4.1.1 Sample Committee Letter Ballot .................... 51 6.2.7 Final Approval – Convention Session Request
4.1.3.a Sample No-Protest Consent Notice............... 52 Form ............................................................. 58
Index .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 62
Table of Contents
March 2004
ACI Technical Committee Manual — 2004 1
ORGANIZING TECHNICAL COMMITTEES The chair is responsible for organizing the committee to
accomplish its mission and goals (2.2). This may deter-
mine the size of the committee. Several factors should be
Establishing Committees and Missions
1.1 considered: scope of the mission (2.1), balance of inter-
ests (1.6.6.8), geographical location of the committee
On March 23, 1994, the ACI Board of Direction passed members (1.6.3), and the currently assigned task. For new
the following motion: committees, the chair may initially appoint three to five
key voting members who could help identify other pro-
“[that] Board committees be delegated the authority to spective committee members.
administer the committees under their jurisdiction in-
cluding establishing new committees, developing or re- Large committees may require a vice chair (1.4.1.2), a
vising mission statements, and discharging committees secretary (1.4.1.3), subcommittees (1.3.1), task groups,
that are no longer needed to further ACI’s activities, pro- and a steering subcommittee or control group (1.3.1.3).
vided that these actions are in accordance with Board ap-
proved policies.” Subcommittees and Task Groups
1.3.1
Based on this policy, the ACI Technical Activities Subcommittees may be desirable when a committee can
Committee (TAC) establishes ACI technical committees subdivide its activities into parts that can be worked on
to meet the needs of the concrete industry. These commit- simultaneously. Task groups should be used if the work is
tees are assigned specific missions relating to improve- of limited scope and will last for a short period. This mat-
ment of the design, construction, manufacture, use, and ter is at the discretion of the chair.
maintenance of concrete structures and products. Actions Members of subcommittees and task groups must be
of all committees are subject to the review and approval members of the main committee. In special cases, with
of TAC. TAC permission, subcommittee members may be ap-
pointed from outside the main committee (1.4.2.6).
ACI technical committees may be established as joint
committees with other organizations. Joint committees Subcommittee Designation
1.3.1.1
(1.10) are to operate under the rules of the ACI Technical
Committee Manual unless a formal Memorandum of Un- Use of alphabetical designations for subcommittees
derstanding modifies the rules. The Board of Direction helps to avoid confusion between subcommittee and
initiates formal communication with other organizations, document numbers. For example, 318-A is a 318 sub-
particularly with those outside the United States, through committee.
the President, or, on behalf of the Board of Direction, by
the Institute Executive Vice President.
Editorial Subcommittee
1.3.1.2
When the committee is authorized, TAC establishes the Each committee should have an editorial subcommittee
committee’s mission (2.1). Changes in mission and scope to edit (3.4) all documents before final committee letter
may be proposed by the committee and shall be referred ballot. Having an editorial subcommittee allows the full
to TAC for approval. committee to devote more time and effort to technical
work and ensures a uniform, readable document. The edi-
Committees that are inactive, ineffective, or have com- torial subcommittee should use the ACI Style Manual as a
pleted their assignments may be discharged or reorgan- primary resource.
ized by TAC (1.7).
The chair appoints the subcommittee, which may con-
TAC Contact Member
1.2 sist of an individual or a small group with editorial ex-
perience.
Each member of TAC is assigned liaison responsibili-
ties with several technical committees and is designated 1.3.1.3 Control Group or Steering Subcommit-
as the TAC Contact Member. These assignments are tee
made to keep TAC abreast of the activities of the various A steering subcommittee or control group may be de-
committees. Technical committee chairs should keep the sirable in a large committee to assist the chair and help to
designated TAC Contact Members fully aware of com- produce committee action between full committee meet-
mittee activities and progress and should feel free to con- ings. All important actions of the control group are sub-
tact them for advice or information (2.4.3). ject to approval of the full committee.
Voting members are expected to vote on all committee • May express negative viewpoints, with reasons, on
ballots (4.1) and have the right of the floor at all meetings letter ballot items (4.1). These negative viewpoints
(2.3). Voting members are required to participate actively are not counted in the vote tally, do not affect the
in committee work by contributing technical information, outcome of a ballot item, and do not have to be re-
by promptly returning committee ballots and replying to solved (4.3.5), but must be distributed to the commit-
correspondence, and by attending committee meetings on tee for consideration;
a regular basis (1.6.2). Some committees may have spe- • Are not considered in determining the balance of vot-
cial attendance requirements. ing interests (1.6.6.8).
1.5.1 Appointment Not Approved contribute to the work of the committee may not be able
The chair may reject an application for voting member- to attend at least one meeting per year. The chair may
ship for various reasons, including lack of qualifications waive meeting attendance requirements under special
(1.6.1), not able to attend committee meetings (1.6.2), circumstances provided a voting member contributes to
committee balance (1.6.6.8), timing of a critical ballot the work of the committee.
(4.2), or committee size. Adding voting members just
before conducting a critical letter ballot is not advisable Meeting schedule conflicts are difficult to avoid be-
because new voting members may not have knowledge of cause of the number of ACI committees and the varied
past committee discussions. Appointment as a nonvoting interest of the voting members. Before granting voting
associate member (1.4.2.2) may be appropriate until the member status to an applicant who already serves on three
situation should change. or more other ACI committees, the chair should make
sure that he or she will be able to attend meetings and
1.5.2 Appeal to TAC participate actively in the work of the committee. If an
The applicant has the right to appeal to TAC if the ap- applicant cannot attend these meetings, other membership
plication for membership is not approved or not acted on categories may be desirable.
in a reasonable amount of time. The person submits the
appeal to the Managing Director of Engineering. The 1.6.3Geographical Distribution of Committee
committee’s TAC Contact Member (1.2) reviews the ap- Members
peal and recommends action to TAC. The person may ACI is an international organization and committee
attend the TAC meeting where the appeal is to be consid- documents should reflect practices that are broadly appli-
ered. cable. Wide geographical distribution of committee mem-
bers guards against publication of documents that are re-
Selection of Voting Members
1.6 stricted to local practices only.
The chair may request a written statement from com- 1.8.2 Appeal of Membership Termination
mittee members stating they wish to continue to serve. If Any voting member may appeal a membership termina-
an affirmative response is not received in a reasonable tion decision to TAC. The discharged member can send
time (two months), the chair can consider it a lack of in- an appeal to the Managing Director of Engineering and
terest and notify the Managing Director of Engineering to can appear in person at the TAC meeting where the ap-
terminate (1.8) that individual’s committee membership. peal is being considered.
A questionnaire may be used to ask the committee
members if they wish to continue as active members, Resignations
1.9
change their membership status, or resign (Appendix
1.7.2 - Committee Membership Questionnaire). Committee members resign by notifying the chair and
the Managing Director of Engineering of such intent.
Headquarters sends an official letter confirming the resig-
Membership Terminations
1.8
nation.
The chair should periodically review the voting mem-
bers’ performance of regularly attending meetings, an- Joint Committees
1.10
swering correspondence, and especially of returning letter
ballots. Inactive voting members should be contacted and Appointment of committee members to committees
encouraged to become more active or consider becoming joint with other organizations, such as the American Soci-
an associate or consulting member of the committee. Be- ety of Civil Engineers (ASCE), the American Society of
cause of ACI’s stringent voting requirements (4.4), voting Mechanical Engineers (ASME), and The Masonry Soci-
members who do not return ballots may stop a committee ety (TMS), generally follow ACI guidelines (1.1, 2.4.3,
from successfully balloting a document. Failure of a vot- 3.6, 5.1, 5.9).
ing member to meet the requirements may result in termi-
nation of membership. TAC Subcommittees
1.11
If a voting member does not meet the requirements, the TAC subcommittees are established to assist TAC (1.1)
chair should write to the Managing Director of Engineer- in its oversight responsibility. Actions of TAC subcom-
ing to recommend a change in membership category or mittees are subject to review and approval by TAC.
membership termination. Changes to the membership
make room for willing and active voting members. The 1.11.1 TAC Metrication Committee (TMC)
chair is encouraged to discuss the situation with the TAC TMC is to develop, guide, and assist technical commit-
Contact Member (1.2) before making such a recommen- tees to carry out ACI metrication policy (3.1.1, 3.5.4).
dation since committee members may view the member-
ship termination as an extreme step. 1.11.2TAC Repair and Rehabilitation Commit-
tee (TRRC)
The chair may want to use the membership question- TRRC is to advise TAC on:
naire to help assess committee members’ interest. Voting • ACI’s goals, objectives, and prominence in repair and
members can evaluate their actual participation and may rehabilitation (to include evaluation, maintenance
request change in committee membership status (Appen- and protection);
dix 1.7.2 - Committee Membership Questionnaire). • Existing or potential conflicts or duplications of
committee efforts, and means for resolving these
1.8.1Membership Termination to Achieve Bal- situations;
ance • Other issues as requested.
In order to achieve balance (1.6.6.8), the chair may de-
cide to terminate voting memberships or change them to 1.11.3TAC Specifications Committee (TSC)
nonvoting classifications. This is done only after the chair TSC is to assist technical committees in preparing and
has shown that a substantial effort has been made to ob- maintaining specifications (3.2.1.3) in the correct format
tain balance by adding new voting members. and language, and manage specification development by
the Institute (3.7.2).
When a change of employment produces a change in
classification (1.6.6.1) and this results in an imbalance in 1.11.4TAC Technology Transfer Committee
voting interests, a voting membership can be terminated. (TTTC)
Reappointment can be considered when balance is TTTC is to accelerate the transfer of new technology to
achieved and if the person requests reappointment. the concrete construction community (1.12).
If the task group does not recommend formation of an 1.13.3Outstanding Service by Committee
ITG, the TTTC shall inform both the submitting party and Members
TAC of the decision and supply a brief report. The committee chair may issue an certificate to a com-
mittee member who has performed outstanding service,
1.12.3ITG Formation such as:
If formation is recommended by the task group and • Extraordinary effort in the production or revision of a
approved by TTTC, TAC approval must be obtained be- committee document;
fore the TTTC chair appoints an ITG to evaluate the new • Leadership and administrative skills in organizing
technology and prepare a draft document. When TTTC and conducting a successful technical session.
forms an ITG, the formation and the ITG’s mission shall
The chair shall obtain TAC Contact Member approval
be publicized to the ACI membership by an announce-
before recommending the certificate. The certificates will
ment in Concrete International.
be provided by ACI upon recommendation of the commit-
• The ITG’s charge includes a general description of tee chair. The committee chair and the TAC Contact
the technology to be evaluated, the standardized Member shall sign it.
The chair should prepare the agenda in advance of the Correspondence containing proposals, critiques, or new
meeting and provide copies to all committee members and data should be sent to the entire committee. When one
the committee’s TAC Contact Member (1.2). Extra copies committee member writes to another, it is desirable to
should be available at the meeting for committee send copies to all committee members so they can keep
members and visitors and one should be posted outside abreast of developments and be able to contribute to the
the meeting room, if possible. See Appendix B for work. This also allows the members to be up-to-date be-
instructions on how to post agenda on the committee’s fore meetings so that committee discussions are more
Web page. effective.
Minutes
2.3.4 Correspondence within a subcommittee (1.3.1) should
be sent to the main committee officers so that they are
Minutes must be prepared to record important aware of the work and are better able to coordinate the
deliberations, resolution of negatives, and decisions of total committee effort.
committee and subcommittee meetings. Minutes provide
a continuing record of committee work and help prevent Correspondence between Committees
2.4.2
repeated discussion of the same subject.
Correspondence between committees is usually
In addition to recording motions and voting results, the between the chairs, with copies to the Managing Director
minutes should include the names of the committee of Engineering. If committee members correspond, copies
members and visitors attending the meeting and the should be sent to the chairs of the respective committees.
voting members not present. Minutes should be circulated
promptly to the entire committee for information and Correspondence
2.4.3 to TAC and ACI
guidance and particularly to ensure completeness and Headquarters
accuracy. Minutes should always be approved at the next
committee meeting or by correspondence. Copies of all The committee files at ACI headquarters are the
minutes shall be sent to the TAC Chair, TAC Contact “Official Files.” Originals or legible copies of all
Member, and to the Managing Director of Engineering important correspondence, agenda and minutes,
(2.4.3). See Appendix B for instructions on how to post membership lists, complete records of ballots (4.2), and
minutes on the committee’s Web page. resolution of negative votes (4.5) must be sent to the
Managing Director of Engineering.
Quorum
2.3.5
Copies of important correspondence must be sent to the
A quorum for conducting business at a committee TAC Chair, TAC Contact Members (1.2), and the
meeting consists of 40% of the voting members. This is Managing Director of Engineering. These three names
the minimum number of voting members required to should be placed at the bottom of the committee roster to
resolve negative votes on committee letter ballots (4.5). receive copies of correspondence. They are not committee
With one exception, the content of technical documents is members and do not vote or return ballots unless they
finalized by a full committee letter ballot (4.2.1). were officially appointed to the committee. Copies of
draft documents should be sent to the TAC Contact
Distributing Correspondence
2.4 Members at the time of mailing to committee members.
Because committees usually meet twice a year (1.6.2, The ACI President and staff, other than the Managing
2.3), effective circulation of correspondence is vital to Director of Engineering, do not need copies of correspon-
committee activity and progress. To ensure timely dence unless it relates to matters between committees or
completion of committee work, concise correspondence broad aspects of Institute policy.
with prompt attention and reply by members is necessary.
If a committee is joint with another organization (1.10),
Committee chairs and secretaries are encouraged to use such as ASCE, ASME, or TMS, additional distribution
faxes and electronic mail to speed committee may be required.
communication.
Committee missions are often closely related and the The Managing Director of Engineering can honor
work of one committee may affect or overlap with vouchers from a committee chair, or a person authorized
another. To avoid conflicting information in ACI by the chair, for postage and reproduction expenses
documents (1.6.5, 3.7.1), chairs must be aware of their incurred in committee work, and supply stationery and
committee’s work in relation to other technical envelopes upon request. The Institute does not assume
committees. other committee expenses unless the Board of Direction
specifically provides prior authorization.
Annual Report of Committee Activities
2.6
Special Funds
2.10
Each chair must submit an annual report of committee
activity (Appendix 2.6 — Annual Report Form) that Requests for project funding by ACI technical
provides information on committee progress on goals committees to governmental agencies and other organi-
(2.2) and balance of interests (1.6.6.8). Annually, zations shall be reviewed by staff and submitted to TAC
headquarters sends forms to the chairs and sends copies of for approval before submission to the funding agency.
the completed forms to the TAC Contact Members (1.2). TAC determines who will contact the funding agency. A
Guide for Applying for Government Agency Grant for
Annual reports are due at headquarters before the Committee Activity is available from headquarters.
spring convention. When a committee chair fails to
submit an annual report, staff notifies TAC. TAC studies When the Board of Direction has authorized the
the possibility of future progress and may make changes solicitation of special committee funds, they shall be
in organization or personnel to make the committee more deposited to the Institute’s account, through the Institute’s
effective (1.8). Executive Vice President. The funds shall be disbursed on
vouchers signed by the chair of the committee for whose
Questionnaires
2.7 work the fund was created.
Chairs may find it useful to gather information by using Concrete Research and Education
2.11
questionnaires. These should be carefully designed to Foundation (ConREF)
elicit meaningful responses. A copy should be sent to the
Managing Director of Engineering as well as a summary The Concrete Research and Education Foundation
of the results or other appropriate information. The (ConREF) requests that each ACI committee chair
summary should be sent to the committee and all respond- identify areas of research related to the committee’s work.
ents. These research areas will be considered by ConREF’s
research council and used as a guide to direct funding.
Staff Assistance
2.8 Therefore, the committee annual report (2.6, Appendix
2.6) should list high-priority research topics that, if
Although the ACI engineering staff is not large enough funded, would assist the committee in completing its
to provide a liaison for each committee, staff can assist as mission.
coordinators. By being informed of committee activities,
staff can help with each committee’s assigned goals (2.2)
Sponsorship of Technical Sessions at
2.12
and keep it from infringing on the work of other
non-ACI Conferences
committees.
Technical committees may sponsor technical sessions
The quickest way to get material, such as drafts or
held at non-ACI conferences. The technical content of the
memos, to committee members is to communicate
proposed session is to be consistent with the committee’s
directly. The chair may request staff assistance for
mission and there is to be no financial obligation by the
technical, editorial, and secretarial tasks. When requested,
committee or the Institute.
headquarters can provide a chair with clerical help.
The request shall be submitted to the Managing
Anything sent to staff for processing must be
Director of Engineering for TAC consideration. The
accompanied by instructions. Any material received at
approved request will then be forwarded to the ACI
headquarters without instructions is regarded as an
Executive Vice President.
information copy and, after the contents are noted, is
placed in the committee file.
COMMITTEE DOCUMENTS In accordance with ACI Board Policy (3.5.4), all docu-
ments, including revisions to existing documents, shall be
prepared and published in one of the following three ways
General Procedure
3.1 (1.11.2):
The principal purpose of ACI is to disseminate informa- • A document with dual units, SI (metric) and in.-lb;
tion pertaining to concrete and concrete products. Consis- • A document with only SI units;
tent with this purpose, documents are prepared by estab- • Two documents, one with SI units and the other with
lished committees and published by ACI. The documents in.-lb units.
generally cover design and construction.
With the permission of TAC, this policy may be
Committees obtain information on specific subjects, waived in exceptional circumstances. The committee
correlating results of field experience, laboratory research, must apply to TAC for approval to waive the require-
and knowledge gained from experience in design, con- ments for SI units before submittal of the document to
struction, and manufacture. Information also comes from TAC. The application must describe the exceptional cir-
a comprehensive review of literature, personal experience cumstances supporting the application.
of committee members, and contact with authorities in the
field of the committee mission. The committee condenses An example of an exceptional circumstance is that
these reviews of current thinking into standardized docu- because masonry units are not produced in standard SI
ments, reports, guides, special publications, or other sizes and there is no worldwide industry need for the
documents. TAC recommends to the Executive Vice Masonry Code with arbitrary SI units, the Masonry
President the publication modes judged most appropriate Code is exempt.
for specific documents.
A committee may request from TAC that certain fig-
Documents are developed in a three-step process: ures, tables, or examples not have dual units, because of
• Preparation of a new document or revision of an ex- the resulting complexity if dual units were incorporated.
isting document; If an exemption is given for a figure or table, a conver-
• Letter balloting (4.2) of the draft document by the sion table must be provided. For numeric examples, a
committee; and comparable example in the alternative systems of units
• Submission of the committee-approved document for must be provided. If a document contains several nu-
TAC review (5.1). merical examples, a representative number shall be pre-
sented in both systems of units.
This chapter describes the types of documents and gives
general guidance on the preparation of documents. De- IEEE/ASTM SI 10 provides guidance on proper use
tailed information on the format and style for preparing of SI units and is available as a separate publication
and revising ACI documents is contained in the ACI Style from ASTM headquarters. See Section 5 of the ACI
Manual and the ACI Specification Manual. Chapter 4 Style Manual for guidance on making conversions to SI
presents document balloting requirements. Chapter 5 pre- units.
sents requirements for submitting the completed docu-
ment to TAC and subsequent processing. Types of Documents
3.2
It is not the intent of ACI to duplicate published work. Throughout the TCM, the term “document” is used to
Where satisfactory consensus standards exist for material cover all committee works, published or being developed
specifications and test methods, such as the American or revised, such as codes, reference and guide specifica-
Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM), those standards tions, reports, and guides. All documents are developed
should be referenced in ACI documents. through ACI’s consensus procedures.
Committee documents are classified as those requiring
As part of their participation in committee activities,
and those not requiring standardization.
ACI committee members contribute to the committee’s
work products, including written works. All work prod-
Documents Requiring Standardization
3.2.1
ucts of ACI committees belongs to ACI. By participating
in committees, ACI committee members acknowledge
Standardization is the most rigorous consensus process
that the rights to such work products, including any copy-
used by ACI. It ensures the widest input and high overall
right, reside with ACI.
quality assurance for a document. The ACI standardiza- They must be worded in explicit, mandatory language
tion process is approved by the American National Stan- so that there is only one possible legal interpretation. Be-
dards Institute (ANSI) and is given in Chapter 5. Docu- cause the entire code (including appendices, synopses,
ments can be identified as ACI standards; however, the and footnotes) is a legal document, codes shall cite only
word “Standard” will not appear in the title although the mandatory-language documents. Additional references to
phrase “An ACI Standard” will appear on the cover of the guides, reports, papers, and research results can be made
document. in a separate commentary (3.2.1.5).
Standardized documents may be written using options An ACI code shall not have the effect of requiring pro-
(a), (b), or (c): prietary items or methods (3.3.2.2), and shall not state that
its provisions shall govern when in conflict with a refer-
(a) Nonmandatory language where the document is encing code or body.
providing recommendations; or
(b) Mandatory language where the document is A technical committee intending to develop a new code
providing compulsory requirements; or must request TAC approval before beginning to work on
(c) Both nonmandatory and mandatory language. the document. The request shall indicate the scope of the
code and why it is needed.
If option (c) is used, the nonmandatory language por-
tion of the document must be separated from the manda- Code Cases
3.2.1.2
tory portion. This can be achieved with a commentary,
appendix, series of notes per ASTM style, or different A code case clarifies an existing code or provides new
typeface. For example: provisions for situations not covered by an existing code.
Specific requirements in code language provide rules for
The minimum concrete cover shall be 2 in. additions or alternatives not covered by an existing code.
(mandatory portion). Code cases ensure that such clarifications or provisions
Increased cover may be required (nonmanda- are given general distribution.
tory portion).
The Managing Director of Engineering considers code
The method of delineation for mandatory and case requests, and if accepted, a processing fee is charged.
nonmandatory portions of the document must be defined Individuals requesting an official code case must do so in
clearly in the preface. writing. The Managing Director of Engineering acts as a
liaison between the individual and the appropriate com-
Documents written using options (b) and (c) can be mittee and is responsible for submitting requests to the
referenced by model codes or by authorities having juris- committee. The code case will be published in an ACI
diction over local building codes, or they can be refer- periodical within six months of the date of approval. (See
enced in Project Specifications. 5.5.6.1 for approval process.)
If the document does not provide compulsory require- A code case applies only to the designated edition of a
ments, the committee should use option (a). In addition, code (for example, ACI 318-02) and not to other editions.
reports and guides can become ACI standards using op-
tion (a). Reference Specifications
3.2.1.3
Documents in the categories defined in the following Reference specifications are written to be referenced as
sections are intended to be produced and maintained with part of a contract between an owner and a builder and
periodic revision as ACI standards (5.4, 5.5). must be worded in explicit, mandatory language subject
to only one possible interpretation.
Once a document has completed the ACI standardiza-
tion process, committees may request TAC permission to ACI reference specifications must conform to the re-
submit the standard to ANSI for adoption. quirements of the ACI Specification Manual.
A technical committee proposing to develop a new ref-
3.2.1.1Codes erence specification must obtain TAC approval before
ACI codes are written to be adopted by governmental beginning to work on the document. The proposal shall
or regulatory bodies for the regulation of design and con- indicate the scope of the specification and why it is
struction of concrete or masonry structures. ACI codes are needed. Titles of reference specifications should clearly
intended to provide minimum requirements for concrete indicate that they pertain to construction. For guide speci-
or masonry structures to safeguard the public safety, fications, see 3.2.1.7.
health, and general welfare.
Editorial Review
3.4
Policy on ACI Certification Programs
3.5.2
Before final committee letter ballot (4.2.1), a document
In November 1997, the ACI Board of Direction en-
must be edited thoroughly by the committee’s editorial
dorsed incorporating ACI certification requirements into
subcommittee (1.3.1.2). When submitting the document to
all appropriate ACI committee documents, including
TAC (5.1), the chair must state that the editorial subcom-
standardized documents. The intent of this policy is to
mittee has completed its task.
improve the quality of concrete construction; it is not in-
Editorial changes may be made at any time without tended to force attendance at ACI sponsored certification
requirement of letter ballot except as a result of a negative programs.
vote (4.1.3, 4.5, 4.1), in which case confirmation by the
committee is required. Editorial changes are of two types: Wording in technical committee documents regarding
requirements or recommendations for certification must
• Those that introduce no change in technical content, allow for alternative means of certification, if such are
but correct editorial style, change nontechnical in- available. For example, appropriate wording could be:
formation or reduce ambiguity; and “Field testing of concrete shall be done by an individual
• Those that correct typographical errors in substance who has obtained certification as an ACI Concrete Field
(essential information that could be misused). Testing Technician, Grade I, or equivalent.” Reviewers of
all ACI technical committee documents are specifically
The editorial subcommittee (1.3.1.2) should review for instructed to identify any appropriate areas in the docu-
document structure, sentence structure, grammar, redun- ment being reviewed where requirements or recommenda-
dancy, spelling, and typographical errors. Because many tions for certification could be included.
people contribute to a document, it is essential that the
subcommittee review the separate sections for consistency ACI certification is currently available in the following
in style and format. See the ACI Style Manual for guid- areas:
ance on style, grammar, and format.
• Concrete Field Testing Technician, Grade I
Before a document is submitted to TAC for review, it
• Concrete Laboratory Testing Technician, Grade I
also must undergo an editorial review by staff. To allow
• Concrete Laboratory Testing Technician, Grade II
staff sufficient time to conduct the review and make nec- • Concrete Construction Special Inspector & Inspector
essary changes, documents shall be submitted to the Man- In-Training
aging Director of Engineering at least three months be- • Concrete Flatwork Finisher/Technician
fore the next scheduled TAC meeting. • Concrete Transportation Construction Inspector &
Staff sends the editorially revised document to the com- Inspector In-Training
mittee chair for approval and permission to submit to • Concrete Strength Testing Technician
TAC for review. • Field Aggregate Testing Technician
• Laboratory Aggregate Testing Technician
• Tilt-Up Supervisor/Technician
Board Policies
3.5 • Shotcrete Nozzelman – Dry Mix
The ACI Board of Direction has established the follow- • Shotcrete Nozzelman – Wet Mix
ing specific policies that can affect technical documents: • Canadian Standards Association (CSA) Based Con-
crete Field Testing Technician – Grade I
• Canadian Standards Association (CSA) Based Con-
3.5.1Policy on Performance Specifications crete Construction Special Inspector & Inspector In-
Where possible, performance rather than prescriptive Training
standards should be used. In ACI committee documents,
the requirements for concrete mixtures should be stated Additional information on the ACI certification pro-
by enumerating limits on properties of the freshly mixed grams may be obtained from ACI headquarters or the
and hardened concrete such as slump, air content, density, chair of the ACI Certification Programs Committee.
potential quality of paste (by a limit on water-cementi-
tious materials ratio), and strength. The requirements may Policy on High-Performance Concrete
3.5.3
be stated by limits on proportions of ingredients and other
such limitations as may be required by the work. When ACI technical committees should draft documents so as
the latter procedure is used, the document shall also in- to not inhibit or preclude the use of high-performance
clude an alternative procedure that permits concrete hav- concrete.
ing equivalent specified properties.
Patented Items
3.9.3 3.9.3.2Disclaimer Statement
Any reference to a patented technology (See 3.3.2.2)
shall include the following note:
Introductory Statement
3.9.3.1
ACI does not endorse this technology or warrant that
Include the following statement regarding patented the use of this technology will meet code requirements.
items, if appropriate (See 3.3.2.2): The selection of any design methodology or use of any
patented technology is at the option of the user.
This ACI document contains requirements that can, at
the time of the document’s adoption by ACI, be satisfied
Disclaimer of Government Endorsement
3.9.4
practicably only by use of a patented material, product,
Participation by governmental representatives in the
process, procedure, or apparatus. During the document
work of the American Concrete Institute and in the de-
preparation and balloting, the committee and TAC were
velopment of Institute standards does not constitute gov-
informed in writing that the document under considera-
ernmental endorsement of ACI or the standards that it
tion involves the potential use of patented technology.
develops.
Three types of voting methods are used in the prepara- 4.2.2Subcommittee Letter Ballot
tion of committee documents: Committees that have subcommittees as described in
1.4.2.6 shall establish procedures for subcommittee letter
4.1.1 Letter Ballot ballots. There is no requirement that negatives on sub-
Issued by the chair and voted on by the members, it is committee ballots be resolved in the same manner as
an official written action to determine if an item has con- negatives on committee ballots. The general objective is
sensus. A letter ballot (See Appendix 4.1.1) can be used to seek consensus within the subcommittee and ensure
to initiate action on new business or resolve negative that reasons for negative votes on subcommittee ballots
votes from a previous letter ballot. are forwarded to the full committee.
changes are defined in 3.4. Determination of whether a Example 5Changing Votes on a Letter Ballot
proposed change is editorial or substantive is sometimes a by Resolving Negatives
judgment call on the part of the chair. If there is reason-
able doubt or if there is an objection by a voting member, The same 33-member committee letter ballots another
the proposal must be treated as a substantive change item and 22 ballots are returned. The votes are 15 affirma-
(4.5.4.2). tive, 3 negative, and 4 abstentions. They need 17 affirma-
tive votes, so this ballot initially fails because it does not
4.5.4.1Persuasive: Editorial Change meet the 1/2 Rule of eligible voters (4.4). Rather than
A negative voter may be satisfied with an editorial reballoting the item, the chair hopes to resolve the nega-
change. In this case, change the document and report in tives to pass the ballot.
the minutes that, after an editorial change, the voter
agreed to change the vote to an affirmative. The negative At the committee meeting with 18 members present,
is now recorded as an affirmative. See Fig. 4.3, Flowchart one negative is found unrelated (4.5.2) by a vote of 12
for Negative Vote Found Persuasive. affirmative, 2 negative, and 4 abstentions (affirmative
votes from 40% of the eligible voting members are not
4.5.4.2Persuasive: Substantive Change required). The negative vote is recorded as an abstention
The committee may find the reason for the negative (4.5.2).
vote persuasive, and a substantive change to the document
is required. The change must be approved by a letter bal- The chair rules that the second negative is persuasive
lot or a meeting ballot. and can be resolved by an editorial change. No committee
member objects. The negative voter is present and agrees
When approving the substantive change by letter ballot, to withdraw the negative and vote affirmative. The
the 1/2 rule and the 2/3 rule must be met. Negative votes change is made and the negative vote is recorded as an
must be resolved. affirmative vote (4.5.4.1) bringing the total to 16 affirma-
tive votes.
When approving the substantive change by meeting
ballot, the 40% rule and the 2/3 rule must be met. Nega- The majority of members present agree that the third
tive votes must be resolved. The 40% rule does not apply negative is persuasive and the recommended change is
to ACI Committee 318 and ACI Committee 530; they will substantive. The meeting ballot to make the change re-
resolve negatives using ½ rule. sults in 17 affirmative votes and 1 negative vote. Another
meeting ballot is needed to find this latest negative vote
If the ballot taken on the substantive change is unani- nonpersuasive. It succeeds with 17 affirmative and 1
mous, including an affirmative vote from the voter who negative votes. Therefore, the third negative vote on the
cast the original negative, the original negative is re- original letter ballot is still recorded as a negative vote,
corded as an affirmative. since the ballot to make the change was not passed unani-
mously (4.5.4.2).
Example 4 Resolving Negative Votes from a
Letter Ballot at a Meeting The letter ballot results are 16 affirmative votes, 1 nega-
On one letter ballot for a 33-member committee, 22 tive, and 5 abstentions. The letter ballot needed 17 af-
ballots are returned. The votes are 16 affirmative, 4 nega- firmative votes; therefore, it still fails and the item must
tive, and 2 abstentions. They need 17 affirmative votes, so be letter balloted again, presumably after revisions.
the ballot initially fails because it does not meet the 1/2
Rule of eligible voters (4.4). Example 6 Persuasive Negative Votes
At a committee meeting with 18 members present, three On one letter ballot for a 20-member committee, 19
of the negative votes are deemed editorial and persuasive ballots are returned. There are 18 affirmative votes, 1
(4.5.4.1) and the voters agree to change their votes. The negative vote (Smith), and 0 abstentions. The ballot
three votes are now recorded as affirmatives, bringing the passes, but the negative vote must be resolved.
total votes to 19 affirmative, 1 negative, and 2 absten-
tions. The original letter ballot now passes by satisfying At their next meeting with 18 members present, the
both the 1/2 Rule and the 2/3 Rule. majority of members agree that the reason for the nega-
The remaining negative vote is found nonpersuasive by tive is persuasive and the recommended change is sub-
a 16 to 2 vote (4.5.3), thus satisfying both the 40% rule stantive. There is a meeting ballot to adopt Smith’s rec-
and the 2/3 rule. ommended change.
As given in 4.5.4.2, by a total of 17 affirmative votes 4.7Interim and Progress Committee Ballots
and 1 negative vote (Johnson) the meeting ballot passes;
however, Johnson’s negative vote must be resolved. John- When committee documents are divided into chapters
son states his reasons for voting negative; he agrees a or sections, interim and progress committee ballots can be
change must be made but argues for a different change. used to bring out objections and crystallize opinions. A
The committee finds him persuasive with 17 affirmative letter ballot on the completed document or on each part of
votes and 1 negative vote (Lee). The committee must now the document must be taken before submission to TAC.
find Lee nonpersuasive (4.5.3), which they do with a vote For meeting the submittal procedures of 5.1, a letter ballot
of 17 affirmatives and 1 negative (Lee). on the entire document is preferable.
Prepare Ballot
Summary
Resolve Negative
Votes or Reballot?
Resolve Negative
Rewrite and NO Votes and Editorial
Reballot
Comments (4.5)
YES
Document Resolution
of Negative Votes
Ballot Passes
Figure 4.1 – Analyzing Letter Ballot Results and Passing of Ballot Items
Resolution of
Negative Votes
Determine
NO Withdraw Negative? Record as Affirmative
whether YES
Unrelated (4.5.2) (4.5.1) or Abstention
NO
Related – Is it
Nonpersuasive?
(4.5.3)
Pass Applicable
YES Negative Resolved -
Rules? (4.5.3)* Nonpersuasive (4.5.3)
Report to Committee
NO
Persuasive (4.5.4)
(Figure 4.3)
*If the negative is to be resolved by a letter ballot, the 1/2 Rule and 2/3 Rule must be met. If
the negative is resolved by a meeting ballot, the 40% Rule and 2/3 Rule must be met. The
40% rule does not apply to ACI Committee 318 and ACI Committee 530; they will resolve
negatives using ½ rule.
Negative Vote
Found Persuasive
4.5.3
Editorial or Substantive
Editorial (4.5.4.1) Change Required? Substantive (4.5.4.2)
(4.6.4)
To Approve -
Make Change – Pass Applicable Rules
Record as (4.5.4.2)*
Affirmative Resolve Negatives
If Unanimous, including
original negative voter,
Negative Resolved – Record as Affirmative
Report to Committee
Negative Resolved –
Report to Committee
*If the negative is to be resolved by a letter ballot, the 1/2 Rule and 2/3 Rule must be met. If
the negative is resolved by a meeting ballot, the 40% Rule and 2/3 Rule must be met. The
40% rule does not apply to ACI Committee 318 and ACI Committee 530; they will resolve
negatives using ½ rule.
Affirmative with
Comment (4.6)
Editorial or Substantive
Editorial Change Required? Substantive
(4.5.4)
Report to Committee
Take up as New Record as Negative
Business – Keep Resolve According to
On Agenda Until 4.5.4
Resolved
All documents prepared or sponsored by joint commit- 5.2.1.1General and Specific Comments
tees (1.10) are subject to the review procedures of both Reviewers indicate whether comments are general or
organizations and should be submitted to both organiza- specific, and provide the page and line number reference
tions. for specific comments. General comments are applicable
to the entire document or many places in a document.
With the submittal, the chair shall include: Reviewers are strongly encouraged to avoid providing
• A hard copy of the document; repeated specific comments where a general comment has
• An electronic copy of the document; been provided. A specific comment applies to a particular
• The results of the committee’s coordinating action element of the document. General and specific comments
(3.7) with related committees; are classified further as primary, secondary, or editorial:
• Known conflicts with documents of other ACI com-
mittees with an explanation of the conflicts (3.7.1); Primary Comment (P)
5.2.1.2
• State what type of document (3.2) is being submitted
and if the committee desires to have the document P comments identify primary technical issues, such as:
standardized (3.2.1);
• A ballot summary (4.3.7) of the final letter ballot; • Errors;
• For all negative votes (4.5) received on the final • Omissions;
committee letter ballot that were voted nonpersua- • Conflicts;
sive: • Serious deficiencies; and
• Statements prepared by the voters giving specific • Missing tables, figures, or other information;
reasons for voting negatively (4.5.3);
• The committee’s reason for finding a negative P comments must suggest a means of resolution.
vote nonpersuasive;
The committee must consider the comment and take
• A ballot summary of the vote of the committee
action. Usually, the committee either accepts the com-
to find the negative vote nonpersuasive, includ-
ment as stated and makes the change, or disagrees with
ing the number of affirmative and negative votes,
the comment and provides a rationale for disagreement. In
plus the total number of voting members in the
some cases, the committee disagrees with the comment as
committee (4.3.7); and
stated, but realizes that the text of the document has been
• The change that was made and ballot results for
misinterpreted, and makes editorial changes to clarify the
any substantive change (4.5.4).
text. The committee must provide a written rationale if the
TAC comment is not incorporated.
Review of Documents
5.2
One of the most important functions of TAC is the re- Secondary Comment (S)
5.2.1.3
view of technical committee documents. TAC reviews
documents for: S comments identify secondary technical or editorial
issues where the committee has latitude, such as:
• Technical correctness;
• Conflicts with other ACI documents; • Suggestions for technical or editorial improvement;
• Compliance with ACI formats, as in the case of • Questions that require committee attention do not re-
specifications; and quire a written answer; and
• Clarity of expression. • Comments that do not suggest a means of resolution.
5.3.2Document Not Approved Other standardized documents follow only certain sec-
If the document is not approved, but TAC considers tions of the ACI Document Adoption and Publishing Pro-
publication desirable, the committee is expected to revise, cedures. Code cases follow 5.5.1 through 5.5.5, and
reballot, and resubmit the document to TAC. The decision 5.5.6.1. Provisional specifications and test methods follow
not to approve is usually the result of major structural or 5.5.1 through 5.5.5, and then 5.5.6.2.
technical deficiencies in the document. Therefore, TAC
expects a comprehensive effort by the committee before Concrete International publishes the status of docu-
the document is resubmitted. When a document is not ments that are being processed through the standardiza-
approved, the committee receives the following guidance tion procedures.
from the TAC review group (5.2.2.1):
• General guidance on what the TAC review group be- Normal Standardization
5.4.1
lieves is necessary to improve the document; New documents or major revisions to existing docu-
• A set of primary comments (5.2.1.2) compiled by the ments must address public comments through Normal
review group. These comments represent technical Standardization, given in 5.5.7.2.
problems that the reviewers have identified in the
document. Although TAC expects the committee to Expedited Standardization
5.4.2
address these comments during revision of the docu-
ment, there is no requirement to respond individually To expedite a minor revision, reapproval, or withdrawal
to each of these comments. The committee should be of an existing ACI standard, the ACI Document Adoption
aware that the TAC review group might not evaluate and Publishing Procedures (5.5) allow for a quicker
all of the review comments once it becomes evident method of addressing public comments, given in 5.5.7.1.
that the document should not be approved. Further, This can reduce the time to publication by as much as six
simply addressing the primary comments is usually months. Minor revisions to standards include minor
not enough to upgrade the document to an acceptable changes, correction of errors, and updating of reference
condition; standards.
• The committee may also receive additional com-
ments with or without TAC classification and a Provisional Standardization
5.4.3
marked-up copy of the document containing editorial
corrections. These items are provided for the com- TAC must give approval before a committee can use
mittee’s use in revising the document for resubmis- the ACI provisional standardization procedure (3.2.1.4,
sion. 5.5.6.2). The request must be submitted to the Managing
• Conflicting comments may occur in these reviews Director of Engineering and must have a reason state-
and may be symptomatic of reviewer difficulties un- ment, including the expected expiration date.
derstanding the committee intent.
Procedure for Documents Not Requiring
5.4.4
5.3.3 Appeal of TAC Decision on Document Standardization
Any committee chair or other interested committee
members who wish to discuss or appeal previously trans- Documents not requiring standardization, such as re-
mitted TAC comments and actions on their committee ports and guides, follow 5.5.1 through 5.5.4 and 5.5.9 of
document should notify the Managing Director of Engi- the ACI Document Adoption and Publishing Procedures.
neering. An item is placed on the agenda for the next If the committee desires a report or guide to become a
scheduled TAC meeting and those interested are invited standardized document, follow the process for the appli-
to attend the meeting. cable type of standardization.
The new or revised document is published by ACI. Proposed standardized documents approved by the
Upon committee request and subsequent TAC approval, a Standards Board are published to allow for public review
standardized document may be referred to the American and comment (5.5.6.4). Publication is in an ACI periodi-
National Standards Institute (ANSI) for processing and cal or on the ACI Web site, or both. TAC recommends
adoption as an American National Standard. the mode of publication when the document is reviewed
and approved (5.2.2).
TAC recommends reviewing a document and updating The committee is to submit the reapproval of the docu-
the references rather than reapproving (4.10) an old docu- ment to TAC for approval. The recommendation to reap-
ment without changes. prove should include a statement that technological pro-
gress at this point does not require revision or that the
If a standardized document is not reapproved or with-
document is currently being revised but is not yet ready.
drawn because of inaction on the part of the committee, or
A summary of the updates to the document should be
if it fails to receive the required ballot results (4.10.5),
included at the beginning of the submittal. Generally,
TAC shall act and, by majority vote, recommend reap-
TAC reviews only the committee’s ballot summary. A
proval or withdrawal.
reapproval does not change the year of publication.
Standardized documents are processed in accordance
with standardization procedures. Notice of actions taken Withdrawal
5.10.1.3
appears in an ACI periodical.
The committee should recommend withdrawal of a
5.10.1.1Revision document when the committee determines that the infor-
The committee should revise a document when the mation contained in the existing version is obsolete and
information contained in the document needs to be should not be revised. A letter ballot of the committee is
updated. The committee must ballot revisions according required (4.2.1). The recommendation to TAC for with-
drawal should include a statement that, in the judgment of
to Chapter 4 and submit the document to TAC for review the committee, the document is no longer useful or ame-
according to Chapter 5. TAC will review the entire nable to updating.
document, even if only one section has been revised.
If TAC decides to withdraw a document, the document
When the committee desires to publish new information
will no longer be included in the ACI Manual of Concrete
without revising the existing document, the committee is Practice. It may still be available for purchase from ACI
encouraged to develop a separate document. Supplements as a historical document.
to existing documents are not allowed.
Upon adoption of a revised document, the existing ver- ITG Documents
5.10.2
sion is automatically withdrawn and no action is required
of the committee. Upon completion of the normal standardization process,
responsibility for the document is transferred to an ACI
5.10.1.2Reapproval technical committee, following the recommendation of
The committee may decide to reapprove a document TTTC and TAC, and the ITG is discharged.
because the information in an existing document is still
valid. The committee is required to letter ballot the reap- If an ACI technical committee does not adopt the
proval (4.2.1). Part of the reapproval may include updat- document within five years from the date of its approval
ing references and minor editorial improvements of nota- by the Standards Board, it is withdrawn from the MCP,
tion, terminology, or other similar items. A reapproval and the ITG is discharged.
may not include substantive changes.
Committee Approves
Final Draft of Document
Return to TAC
with Comments
STANDARDS BOARD REVIEW
(5.5.5)
TAC Response
Approved
Expedited Standardization
(5.5.7.1)
Public Discussion Period
Normal Standardization
Committee Prepares Closure and
any Amendments (5.5.7.2)
Return to Committee
with Comments TAC and
STANDARDS BOARD
REVIEW
Committee Response
Yes
Yes
ITG appointed: Chair from TTTC plus at least 4 experts Funding to support ITG:
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
If provisional standard, print
Document submitted for public review to complete normal
standardization (Figure 5.1)
Yes
The session request form should be sent to headquarters 6.2.6.1Call for Papers or Presentations
in accordance with the timetable in 6.2.1.1 and in Fig. 6.1. Calls for Papers or Presentations are published an-
The proposal should indicate to TAC that the committee nouncements in Concrete International requesting people
has given advance thought and planning to the session to submit abstracts for presentation (6.2.1.4) at ACI con-
objective and has chosen proposed session topics that will ventions or other meetings. The “call” should state explic-
be of widespread interest. Generally, sessions are pro- itly whether a manuscript is expected to be submitted if
posed for one or two half-day time sessions (3 hours the abstract is selected. Potential speakers can obtain a file
each). Proposals for sessions to cover more than two time of the recommended abstract format from the ACI Web
slots will require persuasive reasons attached to the re- site (See Appendix B).
quest form.
Timing is critical to obtain the best results from the
6.2.4Preliminary TAC Approval notices. The following gives a timetable of actions needed
TAC reviews the preliminary session proposal (See when a Call for Papers or Presentations is used to select
Appendix 6.2.4) and accepts it, rejects it, or requests addi- speakers:
tional information before making a decision. When TAC
approves a session, the requested time slot(s) is reserved • 16 months or more before the technical session:
at either a spring or fall convention. The session modera- Submit notice of Call for Papers or Presentations to
tor will be notified of this preliminary approval or rejec- the Managing Director of Engineering. There is a
tion by headquarters. If the session receives preliminary three-month lead-time until publication in Concrete
approval, the session moderator should submit a Call for International.
Papers or Presentations (6.2.6.1) or begin final selection • 11 to 13 months before the technical session: Staff
of speakers (6.2.6.2). will publish a notice in three consecutive issues of
Concrete International.
6.2.4.1Sessions Honoring Prominent ACI • Eight months before the technical session: All ab-
Members stracts should be received so that final speakers can
The ACI Board of Direction approved a policy in 1991 be selected. Pertinent information should be sent to
for honoring prominent ACI members with sessions at the Managing Director of Engineering for TAC final
conventions with the requirements that: approval (6.2.7) at the spring or fall TAC meeting be-
• The individual has made an outstanding contribution fore when the session is to be held. This is also nec-
to the Institute and the concrete industry; essary for advance publicity and mailings.
• The Convention Committee has the responsibility of
evaluating the individual’s contributions and approv- This is a minimum time schedule. The session modera-
ing this event; tor has little time between the last (third) published notice
• The proposals for sessions and dinners to honor an in CI and mailing the information to headquarters.
ACI member should be submitted for consideration
to the Convention Committee by a Board committee; The Call for Papers or Presentations should be issued as
• The sessions and dinners be approved at least one soon as TAC gives preliminary approval (6.2.4) for the
convention in advance by the Convention Commit- session. The “call” should indicate the objective of the
tee; and session and list examples of potential topics for presenta-
• The sessions and dinners cannot be held to conflict tion. The name of the person to whom the abstracts are to
with the Opening Reception, the President’s Recep-
be sent should be given along with the deadline for receipt
tion, or the Concrete Mixer.
of abstracts and the date of speaker notification (6.2.6.3).
Refer to a current issue of Concrete International for the
6.2.5Session Moderators format to be used. (See Appendix B, Item B.5.4, for in-
The session moderator and co-moderator are required to
structions on submitting a “Call for Papers or Presenta-
attend a training session at least one but preferably two
tions” for inclusion on the committee’s Web page.)
Selecting Speakers
6.2.6.2 Final TAC Approval
6.2.7
Prospective speakers should be contacted early, but no Final approvals of technical sessions are given at the
definite arrangements should be made until preliminary spring or fall TAC meeting before the convention when
TAC approval has been obtained (6.2.4). At the initial the session is scheduled. The session moderators should
contact, the speakers should have an idea of the presenta- send final programs to the Managing Director of Engi-
tion subject and possible title. neering no later than one month before the spring or fall
TAC meeting for final approval (See Appendix 6.2.7). It
Prospective speakers should prepare an abstract of the can also be obtained from the ACI Web site. Include titles
presentation as soon as possible and submit it to the ses- of sessions and of all talks, the names, and affiliations of
sion moderator for the committee’s consideration. the speakers and co-authors, the names of the co-
moderators and when they attended the mandatory train-
The sponsoring committee should review the submitted ing session, and whether a symposium volume is planned
abstracts subject matter with regard to the theme of the (6.3).
session and especially for oral presentation. In selecting
speakers, consider the quality of past presentations by Once all information regarding a technical session has
prospective speakers, if such information is available. been submitted, TAC will make a final review to deter-
Avoid selecting speakers who have a history of failing to mine whether the session will be approved. Failure to
appear at previous conventions to make their presenta- submit the required information one month before the
tions. TAC meeting will be grounds for TAC withholding final
approval of the session. TAC may grant a conditional
Notifying Speakers
6.2.6.3 approval provided the committee submits missing infor-
mation within three weeks after the TAC meeting. Ses-
Upon selection by the sponsoring committee, the sions not receiving final approval by TAC at the meeting
speakers should be notified that they are on the tentative preceding the convention of the scheduled session will be
program, be informed of the allocated presentation time, removed from the convention schedule and the sponsor-
and be asked to proceed with preparing their presentation. ing committee will be notified.
If paper versions of the presentations are to be consid- If the session receives final approval, the committee
ered for publication (6.3), indicate the deadline for sub- will be notified. The information in the final plan will be
mission of manuscripts and approximate date for notifica- used in the preconvention program mailing, write-ups in
tion of acceptance. Also advise the speakers that selection Concrete International, and other publicity. The sponsor-
of a talk for convention presentation does not guarantee ing committee should arrange for appropriate local pub-
publication of a paper and that manuscripts are subject to licity, specialized publicity, and attendance from particu-
ACI review as any other technical paper (6.3.3). The lar groups that might be interested in the session.
Convention Department will send appropriate forms to
each session moderator for distribution to the selected
Headquarters Assistance
6.2.8
speakers.
ACI staff will secure the necessary standard projection
It should be made clear that ACI does not pay speaker’s equipment for the session once headquarters is advised of
expenses, travel, or offer an honorarium. This should be the committee’s needs. In addition, the session modera-
stated in the “Call for Papers or Presentations,” in the tors need to work out the logistics for obtaining copies of
invitation to submit abstracts, or in the letter advising the the speaker’s computer files so that they can be installed
speaker that the abstract has been selected for presenta- on the computer before the session.
tion. The names and addresses of speakers who are not
ACI members should be submitted to the Convention Headquarters sends copies of authors’ guides and
Department so that they can be sent registration forms. guidelines for preparing slides to session moderators for
They should also be encouraged to visit the ACI Web site distribution to the speakers.
for convention information.
6.2.9Review of Presentation Materials
Speakers not selected for the program should be so ad- Quality slides are important to the overall quality of a
vised. If a symposium volume is planned and if the ab- presentation. TAC encourages speakers to prepare slides
stracts have merit, those submitting the abstracts could be using commercial presentation software (such as Power-
asked to prepare papers to be considered for publication Point). Slides are strongly preferred over overhead trans-
with other papers developing from the session. parencies because of the added skill required to make
effective presentations with transparencies.
Reviewers follow the criteria listed in the manuscript 6.3.4Final TAC Approval
review forms provided by ACI headquarters. Reviews After receiving final manuscripts, reviewing documen-
should be returned to the editor within 30 days. At least tation, and determining that procedures have been fol-
two reviewers must recommend publication. If one of the lowed, ACI staff requests final approval of the sympo-
two reviewers does not recommend publication, a third sium volume by TAC. TAC typically reviews the table of
reviewer shall be appointed to break the tie. contents, preface, and list of reviewers and number of
papers reviewed by each. Following TAC approval, ACI
The editor provides authors with copies of anonymous staff prepares materials for final publication.
review comments and instructions for submitting final
manuscripts. Authors must consider review comments in 6.4Discussion
preparing their final manuscripts, and must provide an All material published by ACI is open to public discus-
explanation to the editors why particular review com- sion. A special notice is printed in the flyleaf page of a
ments were not incorporated into the final manuscript. symposium volume that reminds readers about discussion,
lists the closing date for discussion, and also the issues of
The editor is responsible for determining that all review the ACI Journal in which discussion and authors closures
comments have been addressed in a satisfactory manner will appear. When written discussion based on the oral
in the final manuscript. Final manuscripts for all papers, presentation is available before publication of the sympo-
along with review forms, a preface that provides back- sium volume, it appears in the volume along with the pa-
ground information and a summary of the symposium per.
volume contents, and any other information requested are
then returned to ACI headquarters. One or two late papers 6.5ACI Awards
should not delay publication of a symposium volume. All original papers published by ACI, including those
in symposium volumes, are eligible to be considered for
an award under the rules established by the Board of Di-
rection and the Awards Committee.
Figure 6.1 – Timetable for Developing Technical Sessions for ACI Conventions
Appendix A
and
Guides
Maximum Rating 5 4 4 4 3 20
"Guidelines for Selecting ACI Technical Committee Chairs" is on the back of this form. The guidelines define what is needed for
a person to chair a technical committee. The rating system listed above is parallel to these guidelines and should help you with
your recommendations.
Service as vice chair, subcommittee chair, or secretary of the committee and an occasional chance to conduct part of a
committee meeting is considered good training for potential chairs.
= Terms
= Technical Knowledge Terms are for two or three years, which usually expire
Chairing a committee requires a good technical grasp of the at the ACI spring convention. Unusual circumstances
committee's field and the ability to effectively communicate are required to justify reappointments beyond six
this knowledge verbally and in writing. years.
= ACI Membership
Chairs must be members of the Institute.
= Meeting Skills
When chairing a meeting the person should be able to: = Candidates
focus in on the discussion and summarize the findings; Chairs should be rotated among all qualified com-
prevent lengthy discussions; be decisive; communicate mittee members and should be balanced so that no
one segment of the concrete industry should dominate
objectives to the committee; and most of all, effectively
the committee activities.
manage the meeting from beginning to end.
A person should chair only one committee at a time,
= Personal Attributes since a significant amount of effort and time is
Personal attributes should include: initiative; integrity; required to chair a committee.
honesty; fairness; and good judgment.
Chairs should have individuals prepared to assume
the committee leadership at all times.
Job Title
Employer
Mailing
Address
ACI Member Number ________________ ACI membership is not required for voting membership but is desirable.
_________________________________________ ____________________________________________
Signature Date
Return this form to: ACI International, P. O. Box 9094, Farmington Hills, MI 48333
(Use additional sheets if needed) Form revised 03/02 PAL
(Committee Title)
I wish to retain my status as a voting member and intend to actively participate in ACI
Committee (Insert committee number).
COMMENTS:
________________________________ ______________________________
________________________________ ______________________________
Telephone/Fax
______________________________
E-mail
______________________________
Date
1. List your progress on goals (including technical sessions) published in the current ACI Committees booklet:
2. List your goals for the upcoming year to be published in the next ACI Committees booklet. (TCM 2.2)
3. List documents you expect to submit to TAC for review in the next 12 months.
5. List any liaisons or conflicts with other committees in ACI or other organizations, any educational programs for
seminars, and any new technology to be featured in Concrete International.
Please return to: Patricia A. Levicki, Technical Committee Coordinator, ACI International, P. O. Box 9094, Farmington Hills, MI 48333-9094
Phone -248/848-3723 + Fax - 248/848-3720 + E-mail – pat.levicki@concrete.org
Each committee that prepares or has jurisdiction over documents requiring standardization shall carry out an
annual review of membership and include in the Annual Report a summary of voting member classification.
The combined number of voting members classified as User and General Interest shall equal or exceed the
number of voting members classified as Producer; and each Producer Interest shall have no more than one
voting member.
If your committee prepares documents requiring standardization, please use this space for your membership
summary. See TCM Item 1.6.6 for complete information.
Users = 10 members
General = 6 members
Producer = 14 members
16 $ 14 = Balanced
SUMMARY OF VOTING MEMBER
CLASSIFICATION:
7. List one or two high-priority research topics that would assist your committee. (TCM 2.11)
Please return to: Patricia A. Levicki, Technical Committee Coordinator, ACI International, P. O. Box 9094, Farmington Hills, MI 48333-9094
Phone -248/848-3723 + Fax - 248/848-3720 + E-mail – pat.levicki@concrete.org
(Date of Mailing) Please Return By (not less than 30 days from mailing date)
(Title of item being balloted. For example, Proposed Revisions to "Building Code Requirements for
Reinforced Concrete (ACI 318-02)" reported by ACI Committee 318)
I approve the above (insert one of the following: document, revision, reapproval, withdrawal).
* I approve, with editorial comment, the above (insert one of the following: document, revision,
reapproval, withdrawal).
** I do not approve the above (insert one of the following: document, revision, reapproval,
withdrawal).
I abstain.
COMMENTS:
*This approval should not be contingent upon committee adoption of the editorial comments.
**Negative votes must be accompanied by a statement of reason and should also have suggested changes, which if adopted, would
satisfy the objection.
(Votes of associate and consulting members are not counted in the official tally; however, their comments will be considered.)
_______________________________
(Date of Mailing)
This notice is to inform you that changes were made to the document (Why the changes were made being made
- for example: to satisfy negative voters; to address TAC review comments; or to approve a closure statement).
If you are a voting member and disagree with these changes you must inform me in writing by (not less than
30 days from mailing date). The changes you object to will then be letter balloted. If I do not hear from you, it
is assumed that you agree with the attached changes.
_______________________________
This is to notify you that the no-protest consent notice sent to you on (Date of Original Mailing) did not receive any
protests to the changes made to the document (Why the changes were made being made - for example: to satisfy
negative voters; to address TAC review comments; or to approve a closure statement).
_______________________________
Document
Section(s) Balloted
Ballot Count
(Date of Mailing) Please Return By (not less than 30 days from mailing date)
I abstain.
Note: A vote to not accept the proposed reapproval is a vote to withdraw the current document from
the Manual of Concrete Practice.
COMMENTS:
(Votes of associate and consulting members are not counted in the official tally; however, their comments will be
considered.)
_______________________________
_______________________________
$ Is there enough time to organize the session (6.2)? !Select speakers/call for papers
$ Is there space available at the convention?
$ Is there time for call for papers?
$ Have similar session topics already been requested?
$ If so, it shows open process.
!Title of proposed session $ Blend of both is best.
$ All selected speakers may not present breadth of
$ Does it fit the committee mission? subject.
$ Does it fit the convention theme (not mandatory, but a
plus)? !Symposium volume planned
$ Is it a topic of widespread interest?
$ Who is the likely audience? $ Is there time?
$ Has effort on sessions detracted from other committee $ Committee track record?
progress? $ Is there demand (marketability is a staff decision)?
The following information is required for preliminary TAC approval of technical sessions.
(See Chapter 6 of the TCM for the approval process.)
Person submitting request and contact information:
Sponsoring committee(s):
Title of session:
Would the session be appropriate as a theme session for the requested convention? Yes No
Objective/synopsis of session. Include who should attend and what are the benefits. (100 words or less). This will be
printed in the Convention Preview:
Will you select speakers (TCM 6.2.6.2)? Will you have a Call for Papers or Presentations (TCM 6.2.6.1)?
(After TAC preliminary approval, submit Call for Papers or Presentations to the Managing Director of Engineering.)
Has moderator taken a Session Moderator Orientation Workshop? Yes No If not, TAC may not approve session.
Submit to the Managing Director of Engineering 20 months before planned convention. Use additional sheets if needed.
Title of session:
Submit to the Managing Director of Engineering 8 months before planned convention. Use additional sheets if needed.
Appendix B B.2.2.4Accountability
Text or graphic references to any outside organization,
COMMITTEE WEB SITES or links to internet locations associated with any outside
organization, may be included only if their inclusion
Purpose
B.1 would not obfuscate or confuse the identity of the organi-
zation(s) responsible and accountable for the information
ACI committee sites have been built online on the ACI presented or referenced.
Website (www.concrete.org) and are accessible by select-
ing Committees from the ACI home page. A committee B.2.2.5Document Copyright
may use its Web page to post meeting agenda, meeting An approved ACI document or document excerpt may
minutes, and calls for papers or presentations. In addition, be included only if each page includes a copyright notice
a committee may post draft documents for review and equivalent to the example provided below. A document,
revision online. According to Institute policy (B.2), some photograph, graphic element, or other material from a
areas of the committee sites are restricted to members of source other than ACI may be included only if ACI has
the committee and its oversight committee. received explicit permission from its copyright holder,
and each page or appearance includes prominent identifi-
Institute Policy on Development and Use of
B.2 cation of its source.
Websites by Committees and Chapters
Approved by the ACI Board of Direction, April 25, 2002. B.2.2.6Draft Copyright and Disclaimer
A draft ACI document may be included only if each
B.2.1 ACI Website page includes a draft copyright notice equivalent to the
ACI intellectual property (including knowledge prod- example provided below, and the first page additionally
ucts under development) may be made available on the includes a draft disclaimer equivalent to the example pro-
Internet only on the ACI Website. vided below.
If you have forgotten your username or password, both Various committee forms are also available to the com-
the Register and Login pages have a place for you to click mittee members. They are in MS Word format and may
to have ACI immediately e-mail the information back to be downloaded to your system to be modified and used.
you. The “TAC Review Deadlines” chart is available for easy
reference.
Navigating the Committee Sites
B.4
Committee Home Page
B.5
After registering online, select Committees from the
ACI home page. Five options are available: Directory, After selecting a committee, through the directory list
Search, Join, Standardization Actions, and Forms & or search function, the committee’s home page is dis-
Documents played. Available to the public, this page includes the
committee’s mission, goals, and activities as provided
B.4.1Directory from the ACI database. Seven options are available from
The directory is available to the public. Clicking the the committee’s home page.
Directory button displays a list of the ACI committees. • Home (Committee)—open to the public;
Users can browse this list and select the committee of • Membership—restricted to that committee’s mem-
interest. Selecting a committee displays that committee’s bers and its oversight committees;
home page with its mission, goals, and activities. • Document Library—restricted to that committee’s
members and its oversight committees;
B.4.2Committee Search Screen • Meetings—open to the public;
The search function is available to the public. It • Call for Papers —open to the public;
searches the text on the committee home pages and pro- • Agenda and Approved Minutes—open to the public;
vides a results list. Clicking a committee name on the • Forums— restricted to that committee’s members
results list displays that committee’s home page with its and its oversight committees.
mission, goals, and activities.
B.5.1 Membership
B.4.3 Join Committee Access to the membership page is restricted to ACI
Clicking Join displays an online committee member- committee members. The committee membership roster
ship application that can be filled in and submitted elec- includes complete contact information and e-mail links,
tronically to ACI headquarters.
when available. Members are requested to notify ACI of The Search Events Calendar will search for special
any address or contact number updates. The committee committee meetings. Clicking on the meeting displays a
members are generally listed according to category of screen providing more information about the meeting. If
membership, as follows: Officers, Voting Members, Con- an agenda is available, it can be viewed by clicking the
sulting Members, and Associate members. ACI headquar- Meeting Agenda option under More Information. Regu-
ters updates the committee membership rosters weekly. larly scheduled committee meetings held at ACI conven-
tions are listed on the Convention Web Page under the
Clicking the E-Mail Selected Members option brings numerical committee listings, which is available to the
up an e-mail function page. E-mails may be sent to all or public.
a selected number of members, who are alphabetically
listed in a selection box. There are also boxes for entering Committee Officers may click on the Convention
the subject and the body of the message and a button to Meeting Request Form to submit a meeting request form
send the message. for the upcoming convention. This electronic submittal is
forwarded directly to the Convention Department for in-
B.5.2Document Library clusion in the proposed meeting schedule.
This page includes the committee’s published docu-
ments, draft documents, forums for discussion, meeting Call for Papers
B.5.4
agenda, and unapproved minutes. Access to the document
library is restricted to members of the committee. Clicking the Call for Papers button retrieves all the
calls for papers for the committee that are listed in ACI
Posting material on the committee’s Web site may be Events Calendar. Selecting an item on the list provides a
handled in several ways. Committee officers may upload screen for specific information and contacts. New calls
and maintain the committee documents. Or word- for papers can be added directly to the web site by click-
processing files may be sent by e-mail to ACI’s Manager ing on “Add to the Calendar.”
of Technical Documents at webpost@concrete.org for
conversion to .pdf files (read only) posting on the com- Agenda and Approved Minutes
B.5.5
mittee’s Web page.
Clicking this button retrieves all agenda and all minutes
If the committee submits a draft document, a forum will approved by the committee. Approved agenda are avail-
automatically be set up for online discussions of the docu- able to the public and approved minutes are available to
ment. ACI members.
INDEX
Index
March 2004
ACI Technical Committee Manual — 2004 63
INDEX
Index
March 2004
64 ACI Technical Committee Manual — 2004
INDEX
- Procedures, document adoption and publishing, 5.4, 5.5, - Code cases, 3.2.1.2, 5.4, 5.5.6.1
5.5.1, 5.5.2, 5.5.3, 5.5.4, 5.5.5, 5.5.6, 5.5.6.1, 5.5.6.2, - Codes, 3.2.1.1, 5.4, 5.5.6.3
5.5.6.3, 5.5.6.4, Fig. 5.1 - Date of adoption, 5.8
- Processing, Chapter 5 - Discussion, 5.5.6.3, 5.5.6.4
- Publication, 5.5.8, 5.6, 5.8 - Guide specifications, 3.2.1.7
- Reapproval, 4.2.1, 4.10, 5.4.2, 5.5.7, 5.10, 5.10.1, - New standardized documents, 2.2.1
5.10.1.2, Appendix 4.10.4 - Procedures, 5.4, 5.5.4, 5.5.6, Fig.5.1
- References, 3.1, 3.3.2, 3.3.2.1 - Reference specifications, 3.2.1.3, 5.4, 5.5.6.3
- Requiring standardization, 1.6.6.8, 2.2.1, 3.2.1 - Provisional specifications and test methods, 3.2.1.4,
- Review, 3.4, 5.1, 5.2, 5.6, 5.7 5.4, 5.5.6.2
- Revisions, 4.2.1, 5.4.2, 5.5.7, 5.10.1, 5.10.1.1 - Standardized Reports and Guides, 3.2.1.6
- Separate publications, 5.8.1
- Submit for TAC Review, 5.1 Editorial
- TAC Review, 5.2, 5.2.2, 5.5.3 - Changes, 3.4, 4.5.4.1
- Appeal, 5.3.3 - Comments, 5.2.1.4, 5.2.1.5
- Approval, 5.2.2.2, 5.3.1, 5.5.4 - Review, 3.4, 5.1
- Comments, 5.2, 5.2.1, 5.2.2.2 - Subcommittee, 1.3.1.2
- Decision, 5.3, 5.3.1, 5.3.2 Educational Activities Committee (EAC), 2.2.6
- Editorial (E), 5.2.1.4, Emerging technology series, 3.2.2.5, 3.9.2
- Editorial (M), 5.2.1.5 Ethics, 1.4
- General or Specific, 5.2.1.1
- Primary (P), 5.2.1.2 Expenses, 2.9
- Secondary (S), 5.2.1.3
- Group, 5.2.2.1 General interest, 1.6.6.6
- Types, 3.2, 5.1, 5.5.1 Geographical distribution, 1.3.3, 1.6.3
- Bibliographies, 3.2.2.3 Goals, committee, 2.2, 2.6
- Code cases, 3.2.1.2, 5.5.6.1 Guide specifications, 3.2.1.7
- Codes, 3.2.1.1, 5.4, 5.5.6.1, 5.5.6.3 Guides, 3.2.2.1, 5.4.4
- Commentaries, 3.2.1.5
- Emerging technology series, 3.2.2.5, 3.9.2 Handbooks and manuals, 3.2.2.4
- Guide specifications, 3.2.1.7 High-performance concrete, 3.5.3
- Guides, 2.2.2, 3.2.2.1
- Handbook and manuals, 3.2.2.4 Individually authored papers, 2.2.6
- Innovation task group, 1.12, 3.9.1, 5.4.2 Innovation Task Groups (ITG), 1.12, Fig. 5.2
- Provisional specifications and test methods, 3.2.1.4, - Formation, 1.12.3
5.4, 5.5.6.2 - Introductory statement, 3.9.1
- Reference specifications, 3.2.1.3, 5.4 - Letter ballot, 4.2.3
- Reports, 2.2.2, 3.2.2.2 - Requesting, 1.12.1
- Standardized reports and guides, 3.2.1.6 - TTTC review, 1.12.2
- Symposium volumes, 2.2.4, 6.3 - Updates, 1.12.4, 5.10.2
- Units of measurement, 3.5.4
- Updating, 2.2.3, 5.10, 5.10.1, 5.10.2 Institute membership, 1.4.1.1, 1.4.2, 1.4.2.2
- Withdrawals, 4.2.1, 5.4.2, 5.5.7, 5.10, 5.10.1.3 Joint committees, 1.1, 1.10, 2.4.3, 3.6, 5.1, 5.9
Documents, not requiring standardization, 3.2.2, 5.4.4
- Appeal, 5.5.10.2 Liaison members, 1.4.2, 1.4.2.5
- Balance of interests, 1.6.6.8
- Commentaries, 3.2.1.5 Manual of Concrete Practice, 3.3.1, 3.7.1, 4.11.1, 5.8.2,
- Date of adoption, 5.8 5.10.1, 5.10.7
- Emerging technology series, 3.2.2.5 Meetings, 1.6.2, 2.3
- Guides, 3.2.2.1, 5.4.4 - Agenda, 2.3.3
- Handbook and manuals, 3.2.2.4 - Attendance, 1.4.2.1, 1.4.2.2, 1.4.2.4, 1.6.2, 1.6.3, 1.8
- Procedures, 5.4.4, 5.5.4 - Closed, 2.3.1
- Reports, 2.2.2, 3.2.2.2, 5.4.4 - Members, 1.4.2.1, 1.4.2.2, 1.4.2.3, 1.4.2.4
Documents, requiring standardization, 3.2.1, 5.5.6.4 - Minutes, 2.3.4
- Appeal, 5.5.10.1 - Quorum, 2.3.5
- Balance of interests, 1.6.6, 1.6.6.1, 1.6.6.8 - Visitors, 2.3.2
Index
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ACI Technical Committee Manual — 2004 65
INDEX
Index
March 2004
66 ACI Technical Committee Manual — 2004
INDEX
Index
March 2004