FACTORS AFFECTING

CRIME RATE IN
KIDAPWAN CITY
(2016)

(Group 8)

Abstract
This study would like to determine the factors affecting crime rate in Kidapawan
City.
Specifically, It attempts to assured the following question
1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of;
1.1 Age
1.2 Gender
2. What are the factors that led to commission of crime in terms of;
2.1 Educational
2.2 Societal
2.3 Political
2.4 Spiritual
2.5 Environmental
2.6 Personal
2.7 Socio economics
3. What is the level of crime rate in Kidapawan City?
4. Is there a significance relationship between factors that lead to the commission
of crime and the crime rate in Kidapawan City?

HYPOTHESIS
There is no significant relationship between the factors that led to the
commission of crime and the crime rate in Kidapawan City.

Chapter 1
Introduction
In the Philippine Crime situation the Crime volume is the number of crime
incidents per 100,000 population. Total Crime volume for the last four years has been
fluctuating. For the period January to November 2004, the total crime volume registered
is 8.5% lower compared with the same period last year. Out of the total crime volume,
55% are index crimes and the rest are non-index crimes. In terms of crime rate, the 7.84
crime rate per 100,000 population for January to November 2004 reflected a decrease
of 10.2% compared with the 8.73 crime rate for the same period in 2003. There is also a
decrease of 1.3% in the overall crime solution efficiency, from 91.19% in January to
November 2003 to 90% in January to November of 2004. Total crime volume was
highest in the National Capital Region (NCR) comprising 23.2% of the total crime
volume nationwide. Crimes in the metropolitan area were prevalent in the highly
urbanized cities of Quezon, Manila and Caloocan. Index crime volume from January to
November of 2004 was recorded at 39,400. This year it is 39,126 which shows a 0.70%
reduction. Among the classification of index crimes, 57% are crimes against persons
and 43% are crimes against property. Among the 17 regions, NCR registered the
highest index crime volume. Index crimes (murder, homicide, physical injuries, rape,
robbery and theft) were widespread in Quezon City, Manila and Caloocan City. Among

the regions NCR registered the highest in Quezon City, Caloocan and Manila. (SanidadLeones et, al.)

Reasons for committing a crime include greed, anger, jealously, revenge, or

pride. Some people decide to commit a crime and carefully plan everything in advance
to increase gain and decrease risk. These people are making choices about their
behavior; some even consider a life of crime better than a regular jobbelieving crime
brings in greater rewards, admiration, and excitementat least until they are caught.
Others get an adrenaline rush when successfully carrying out a dangerous crime.
Others

commit

crimes

on

impulse,

out

of

rage

or

fear.

The other country, especially in Switzerland and China are the low-crime
societies with all the same factors currently used to explain the high crime rate and the
India has much lower crime rate with the same processes.
The study of the individual could be conservative in that they to locate the
dynamics of crime in personal or interpersonal characteristics and they may well give
insight into both pro social and anti-social behavior. There are many factors that could
be affect the emotion of the individual that create to decide the individuals to commit a
crime in opportunity which lead to more criminal behavior what types and level of crime
will commit. This problem are based on the types of factors such as Societal, Political
aspect,

Family

Condition

or

Situation,

Education,

Environmental, Personal problem and Socio economics.

Spiritual

or

Regionalism,

Common causes of criminality can be traced through sociological and behavioral

studies of the human condition. It is a fact of life that crimes occur only in the human
sphere, and social relations are therefore a major aspect in approaching the issue of
criminality. Some factors that have been identified by professional practitioners engaged
in the study of criminality. (Pepa, 2013).
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
This study would like to determine the factors affecting crime rate in Kidapawan
City.
Specifically, it attempts to assured the following question
1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of;
1.1 Age
1.2 Gender
2. What are the factors that led to commission of crime in terms of;
2.1 Educational
2.2 Societal
2.3 Political
2.4 Spiritual
2.5 Environmental
2.6 Personal
2.7 Socio economics
3. What is the level of crime rate in Kidapawan City?

4. Is there a significance relationship between factors that lead to the commission

of crime and the crime rate in Kidapawan City?

OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

This study aims:
1. To determine the demographic profile of the respondents to classify in terms
of;
1.1 Age
1.2 Gender
2. To analyze the factors that led to commission of crime in terms of;
2.1 Educational
2.2 Societal
2.3 Political
2.4 Spiritual
2.5 Environmental
2.6 Personal
2.7 Socio economics

3. To acquire the level of crime rate by getting the data in Kidapawan City .
4. To distinguish if there is a significance relationship between factors that lead to
the commission of crime and the crime rate in Kidapawan City.

SIGNIFICANT OF THE STUDY

The Factors Affecting Crime Rate particularly in Kidapawan City aimed to find the
rate of a person who commit a crime which could be identify the age and the gender
through getting the data from the sub-group in our community. It must

SCOPE AND DELIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

The Factors Affecting Crime Rate which can analyze the number of crime
committed in terms of an age and gender and also the different classification of crime
committed that will depends on the level of crime happened particularly in Kidapawan
City.
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
Independent Variables

FACTORS
THAT
AFFECT IN

Dependent Variables

LEVEL OF
CRIME IN
KIDAPAWAN

Figure 1; Conceptual Framework showing the relationship of the independent variables

with dependent variables.

RESPONDENTS
We have conducted the survey questionnaire coming from the 20 respondents in
the community of Kidapawan city.
DEFINITION OF TERMS

Crime - is an act committed or omitted in violation of a law forbidding or commanding it

and for which a punishment is imposed upon conviction.

Crime Rate - the ratio of crimes in an area or place to the population of that area. A
measure of change in recorded crime, over a given period of time, based upon official
statistics for offences or offender rates. It enables comparison of variations across
offences or areas, and can be produced for selected offences or as a general measure.

Criminology- is the scientific study of crime, criminals, including its causes, reasons,
responses by law enforcement, and methods of prevention. It is a sub-group of
sociology, which is the scientific study of social behavior.
Index Crime- are crime which are serious in nature and which occur with sufficient
efficiency and regularity such that they can serve as an index to the crime situation.
Those are the crimes involved in crime against person such as murder, rape,
homicide, physical injury (serious and less serious), and crime against property such
as carnapping cattle rustling, robbery, theft and carnapping.

Chapter 2
Review of Related Literature
The Crime-Rate is a measure of change in recorded crime, over a given period
of time, based upon official statistics for offences or offender rates. It enables
comparison of variations across offences or areas, and can be produced for selected
offences (such as car theft), or as a general measure. Recorded rates are open to
criticism as unreliable, reflecting personal and institutional biases, changes in law and
police practice, and distortion caused by moral panics about (for example) mugging
(see S. Hall et al. , Policing the Crisis). (Marshall, 1978).
It is a count of crimes complied to assess the effectiveness of a crime control
policy, and the impact of the policy on the risk of crime victimization. Often the reported
crime rates are not telling you anything useful about risk of crime victimization. For
example, burglaries/total population is the standard "crime rate" reported by the FBI and
used by social scientists. In 1987 the burglary rate was 605 burglaries per 100,000 total

population. Crimes/total population is a "gross" rate; it includes both children and adults.
Children are much less likely than adults to be crime victims. Population-based rates fail
to take into account variations in risk. To address these problems, criminologists have
increasingly been developing measure of hazard rates, which are simply the number of
events relative to the amount of time a population is exposed to the risk. (Marshall,
1978).

Most sociologists recognize that the criminal statistics are the product of a
complex process. Society must first define a behaviour as criminal, but the definition of
a criminal act can change over time, and between jurisdictions. To enter the statistics
a crime must be reported and recorded, but the public do not report all offences, while
changes in police procedure, or simple human error, can mean no record is made. The
outcome of a court case, and hence the statistical recording of a conviction or
otherwise, also depends upon a complex mix of ingredients. Some would argue,
therefore, that criminal statistics are less a picture of the incidence of crime than an
indicator of what the authorities regard as the most important offences, what the police
actually find it manageable to police, and what kind of offence the court system tends to
process with convictions resulting. Nevertheless, after a period of criticism and distrust,
use of criminal statistics has been regaining broad acceptance ( Marshall, 1978).

Chapter 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This method of the study presents the following topics; conducting the survey
questionnaire, gathered data.

RESEARCH DESIGN
The Reseacher typically for emphasis that the crime rate are based on the law
enfocer on how they mingling and handling their community during the line of duty.
The Law Enforcer must be honest what cases will assigned for them. And they have an
action related to the crime especially the ratio of crime will increase from a certain
community to make them to stop or suppress the crime affect in our community.

Result and Discussion

Conclusion

Acknowledgement
With utmost sincerity and gratitude, the researchers wishes to convey to the following
people;

To our President, Dr. Cynthia S. Asuncion, President of Central Mindanao Colleges.

To our statistician, Dr. Victor G. Quiambao, Jr., who shared his idea and knowledge in
order to finish our study.
To our adviser, Dr. Gemma N. Kintanar who fully support and guide us.

To our teachers, friends, classmates, families and our brothers and sisters who they
gave us an inspiration before we start until we complete our study.

Literature Cited
Gillado, M. and Tan-Cruz, T. 2004. Panel Data Estimation of Crime Rates, Philippines
Pepa, R., 2013. The True State of the Philippines: Crime in a Culture of Corruption, News Junkie
Post
Addington, L. 2009. Measuring Crime: DOI: 10.1093/OBO/9780195396607-0057
Lynch, P. and Addington, L. 2006. Understanding Crime Statistis, Cambridge University
Press
Leones, C., The Current Situation of Crime Associated with Urbanization: PROBLEMS
EXPERIENCED AND COUNTERMEASURES INITIATED, PHILIPPINES