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Multiple-Choice Questions
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c. be useful in multiple productive capacities within the organization.
d. a and b, but not c.
8. The primary accounting record for manufacturing equipment and other fixed
assets is the:
easy a. depreciation ledger.
b b. fixed asset master file.
c. asset inventory.
d. equipment roster.
9. Which of the following statements about the audit of fixed assets is not
correct?
easy a. The primary accounting record for manufacturing equipment and other
b property, plant and equipment is generally a fixed asset master file.
b. Manufacturing equipment and current assets are normally audited in
the same fashion regardless of the activity within a particular account.
c. The emphasis on auditing fixed assets is on verification of current-
period acquisitions.
d. Failure to record the acquisition of a fixed asset affects the income
statement until the assets is fully depreciated.
10. During the audit of prepaid insurance, the auditor should keep in mind that
easy the amount in insurance expense is based on:
d a. the beginning balance in prepaid insurance.
b. the payment of premiums during the year.
c. the ending balance in prepaid insurance.
d. all three of the above.
11. Which of the following is not a category of tests commonly associated with
easy the audit of manufacturing equipment?
d a. Verification of depreciation expense.
b. Analytical procedures.
c. Verification of current-period disposals.
d. Verification of the beginning balance in accumulated depreciation.
12. The audit procedure that requires an auditor to foot the acquisition
easy schedule relates to which balance-related audit objective?
b a. Classification.
b. Detail tie-in.
c. Existence.
d. Cut-off.
13. Which of the following audit objectives is not typically a major objective in
easy the audit of current year fixed asset additions?
c a. Classification.
b. Completeness.
c. Existence.
d. Accuracy.
14. The extent to which auditors verify current period acquisitions of property,
easy plant and equipment normally depends upon:
c a. assessed control risk for acquisitions.
b. tolerable misstatement.
c. Both a and b.
d. Neither a nor b.
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15. Inadequate controls and misstatements discovered through tests of controls
easy and substantive tests of transactions are an indication of the likelihood of
misstatements in:
d a. the balance sheet.
b. the income statement.
c. the cash flow statement.
d. both the income statement and the balance sheet.
16. Failure to capitalize a fixed asset at the correct amount affects __________
medium until the company disposes of the asset.
d a. the balance sheet only
b. the income statement only
c. the cash flow statement only
d. both the income statement and the balance sheet
17. Which of the following tests are typically not necessary when auditing a
medium clients schedule of recorded disposals?
d a. Footing the schedule.
b. Tracing schedule totals to the general ledger.
c. Tracing cost and accumulated depreciation of the disposals to the
property master file.
d. All of the above are necessary.
18. Which of the following is not likely to be a test related to the audit of
manufacturing equipment?
medium a. Verify current year additions.
b b. Observe current year disposals.
c. Verify depreciation expense.
d. Perform analytical procedures.
19. A set of records for each piece of equipment that includes descriptive
medium information, date of acquisition, original cost, current year depreciation, and
accumulated depreciation is the:
c a. acquisitions journal.
b. depreciation schedule.
c. fixed asset master file.
d. file of purchase requisitions.
20. In the audit of property, plant, and equipment, it is helpful to separate the
medium tests into all but which one of the following categories?
a a. Verification of the beginning balance.
b. Verification of current year acquisitions.
c. Verification of current year disposals.
d. Verification of the ending balance.
21. Methods used to determine if there are legal encumbrances related to fixed
medium assets include all but which of the following?
d a. Reading terms of loan and credit agreements.
b. Reviewing loan confirmations received from banks.
c. Inquiring of the client regarding possible legal encumbrances.
d. All of the above may be used to identify legal encumbrances.
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d a. classification.
b. detail tie-in.
c. existence.
d. accuracy.
24. The auditors starting point for verifying disposals of property, plant, and
equipment is the:
medium a. equipment account in the general ledger.
c b. file of shipping documents.
c. clients schedule of recorded disposals.
d. equipment subsidiary ledger.
25. Failure to capitalize a fixed asset at the correct amount will affect ___________
medium until the asset is fully depreciated.
d a. the balance sheet
b. the income statement
c. the cash flow statement
d. both the income statement and the balance sheet
26. Because the failure to record disposals of property, plant, and equipment
medium can significantly affect the financial statements, the search for unrecorded
c disposals is essential. Which of the following is not a procedure used to
verify disposals?
a. Make inquiries of management and production personnel about the
possibility of the disposal of assets.
b. Review whether newly acquired assets replace existing assets.
c. Test the valuation of fixed assets recorded in prior periods.
d. Review plant modifications and changes in product line, taxes, or
insurance coverage.
27. In rare cases, the auditor may believe it is necessary that a complete
medium physical inventory of fixed assets be taken to make sure they actually exist.
If an inventory is taken, the auditor normally:
c a. takes the inventory.
b. requires client to take the inventory and provide documentation to the
auditor.
c. observes the count.
d. requires that it be done by an outside, independent third party.
28. A major consideration in verifying the ending balance in fixed assets is the
medium possibility of existing legal encumbrances. Tests to identify possible legal
b encumbrances would satisfy the audit objective of:
a. existence.
b. presentation and disclosure.
c. detail tie-in.
d. classification.
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29. When auditing depreciation expense, the two major concerns related to the
medium accuracy audit objective are:
c a. consistent application of depreciation method and useful lives.
b. consistent application of depreciation method and classification of
assets.
c. correctness of calculations and consistent application of depreciation
method.
d. cost of the fixed asset and useful lives.
30. Which type of audit procedure is often sufficient for purposes of auditing
medium prepaid expenses and deferred charges?
d a. Tests of controls.
b. Tests of transactions.
c. Tests of details of balances.
d. Analytical procedures.
31. Depreciation expense is one of the few expense accounts that is not verified
as a part of:
medium a. tests of controls.
d b. tests of transactions.
c. test of details of balances.
d. a and b, but not c.
32. Changing circumstances may require a change in the useful life of an asset.
medium When this occurs, it involves a change in:
a a. accounting estimate rather than a change in accounting principle.
b. accounting principle rather than a change in accounting estimate.
c. both accounting principle and accounting estimate.
d. neither accounting principle nor accounting estimate.
33. The auditor ___________ to test the accuracy or classification of fixed assets
medium recorded in prior periods.
c a. normally needs
b. never needs
c. normally does not need
d. is required
34. The auditor normally does not need to test the accuracy or classification of
medium fixed assets recorded in prior periods because:
c a. they are rarely material to the audit.
b. they rarely contain misstatements.
c. they are verified in previous audits.
d. they dont affect the balance sheet.
35. Internal controls for prepaid insurance are typically categorized into all but
medium which of the following?
d a. Controls over the acquisition and recording of insurance.
b. Controls over the insurance register.
c. Controls over the charge-off of insurance expense.
d. All of the above.
36. A record of insurance policies in force and the due date of each policy is
contained in the:
medium a. voucher register.
b b. insurance register.
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c. insurance expense account.
d. prepaid insurance account.
37. Insurance expense for the period is a function of which of the following?
medium a. The beginning prepaid balance, current premium payments and the
ending prepaid balance.
a b. The beginning prepaid balance and the current period premium
payments.
c. The current period premium payments.
d. The current period premium payments and the ending prepaid balance.
40. Which of the following audit procedures would be least likely to lead the
medium auditor to find an unrecorded fixed asset disposal?
b a. Examination of insurance policies.
b. Review of repairs and maintenance expense.
c. Review of property tax files.
d. Scanning of invoices for fixed asset additions.
41. To achieve effective internal accounting control over fixed asset additions, a
medium company should establish procedures that require:
a a. authorization and approval of major fixed asset additions.
b. capitalization of the cost of fixed asset additions in excess of a specific
dollar amount.
c. classification, as investments, of those fixed asset additions that are
not used in the business.
d. performance of recurring fixed asset maintenance work solely by
maintenance department employees.
42. Which of the following is a customary audit procedure for the verification of
medium the legal ownership of real property?
d a. Examination of correspondence with the corporate counsel concerning
acquisition matters.
b. Examination of ownership documents registered and on file at a public
hall of records.
c. Examination of corporate minutes and resolutions concerning the
approval to acquire property, plant, and equipment.
d. Examination of deeds and title guaranty policies on hand.
43. Once the initial audit of a newly constructed industrial plant has been
medium performed, with respect to consistency, which of the following is of least
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b concern to the continuing auditor in the following year?
a. Prior years capitalization policy.
b. Prior years capitalization costs.
c. Prior years depreciation methods.
d. Prior years depreciable life.
44. Controls over the acquisition and recording of insurance are a part of the
________.
medium a. inventory and warehousing cycle
d b. capitalization cycle
c. treasury cycle
d. acquisition and payment cycle
45. The approach used to verify manufacturing equipment is different than the
one used to verify:
challenging a. current assets.
a b. patents.
c. copyrights.
d. all other types of property, plant, and equipment.
49. ____________ both have the effect of simultaneously verifying balance sheet
challenging and income statement accounts.
b a. Analytical procedures and substantive tests of transactions
b. Tests of controls and substantive tests of transactions
c. Tests of details of balances and substantive tests of transactions
d. Tests of controls and analytical procedures
50. The tests of details of balances procedure for fixed assets which require the
challenging auditor to examine vendors invoices of closely related accounts such as
d repairs and maintenance to uncover items that should be fixed assets would
satisfy the audit objective of:
a. accuracy.
b. existence.
c. detail tie-in.
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d. completeness.
51. The erroneous inclusion of transactions that should properly be recorded as
challenging assets into accounts such as repairs expense, lease expense, or supplies is a
a common client error. The auditor should evaluate the likelihood of these
types of misclassifications in conjunction with:
a. obtaining an understanding of internal control.
b. the test of controls.
c. the tests of transactions.
d. the tests of details of balances.
52. If the client fails to record disposals of property, plant, and equipment, both
challenging the original cost of the asset account and the net book value will be
incorrect.
b a. Both will be overstated indefinitely.
b. The original cost will be overstated indefinitely, and the net book value
will be overstated until the asset is fully depreciated.
c. The original cost will be overstated indefinitely, and the net book value
will be understated indefinitely.
d. The original cost will be overstated indefinitely, and the net book value
will be understated until the asset is fully depreciated.
53. Income statement accounts resulting from allocations are typically verified
as a part of:
challenging a. tests of controls.
c b. substantive tests of transactions.
c. analytical procedures.
d. planning.
54. Which of the following explanations might satisfy an auditor who discovers
challenging significant debits to an accumulated depreciation account?
a a. Extraordinary repairs have lengthened the life of an asset.
b. Prior years depreciation charges were erroneously understated.
c. A reserve for possible loss on retirement has been recorded.
d. An asset has been recorded at its fair value.
55. An auditor would be least likely to use confirmations in connection with the
examination of:
challenging a. inventories.
c b. long-term debt.
c. property, plant, and equipment.
d. stockholders equity.
56. Which of the following is the most important internal control procedure over
challenging acquisitions of property, plant, and equipment?
b d. Requiring acquisitions to be made by user departments.
b. Using a budget to forecast and control acquisitions and retirements.
c. Analyzing monthly variances between authorized expenditures and
actual costs.
a. Establishing a written company policy distinguishing between capital
and revenue expenditures.
57. The auditor interviews the plant manager. The auditor is most likely to rely
challenging upon this interview as primary support for an audit conclusion on:
c a. capitalization vs. expensing policy.
b. allocation of fixed and variable cost.
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c. the necessity to record a provision for deferred maintenance costs.
d. the adequacy of the depreciation expense.
58. The audit procedures used to verify accrued liabilities differ from those
challenging employed for the verification of accounts payable because:
d a. accrued liability balances are less material than accounts payable
balances.
b. accrued liabilities at year end will become accounts payable during the
following year.
c. evidence supporting accrued liabilities is non-existent, whereas
evidence supporting accounts payable is readily available.
d. accrued liabilities usually pertain to services of a continuing nature,
whereas accounts payable are the result of completed transactions.
Essay Questions
59. Which type of audit procedure (tests of controls, tests of transactions, tests
easy of details, or analytical procedures) is most often sufficient for the audit of
prepaid expenses?
Answer:
Analytical procedures are often sufficient.
60. Why does the auditor not normally test the accuracy or classification of fixed
easy assets recorded in prior periods?
Answer:
They are presumed to have been verified in prior years audits.
61. Auditors should be aware that the life of certain fixed assets might be
easy reduced due to various circumstances. What circumstances might give rise
to a reduction in the useful life of a fixed asset?
Answer:
The useful life a of fixed asset may be reduced by:
a reduction in customer demand for products or services,
unexpected physical deterioration of the asset, or
a modification in operations.
62. Describe the types of information that should be included in the schedule of
easy prepaid insurance that is used by the auditor as the basis for auditing
prepaid insurance.
Answer:
The schedule should include each insurance policy in force, policy
number, insurance coverage for each policy, premium amount,
premium period, insurance expense for the year, and prepaid insurance
at the end of the year.
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63. Describe two ways the verification of existence and tests for omissions of
easy the clients insurance policies in force can be performed.
Answer:
The verification of existence and tests for omissions of the insurance
policies can be tested in one of two ways: by examining insurance
invoices and policies in force or by obtaining a confirmation of insurance
information from the companys insurance agent.
64. What are several analytical procedures used in the audit of prepaid
medium insurance and insurance expense?
Answer:
1. Compare total prepaid insurance and insurance expense with
previous years.
2. Compute the ratio of prepaid insurance to insurance expense and
compare with previous years.
3. Compare the individual insurance policy coverage on the schedule
of insurance obtained from the client with the preceding years
schedule as a test of elimination of certain policies or a change in
insurance coverage.
4. Compare the computed prepaid insurance balance for the current
year on a policy-by-policy basis with that of the preceding year as a
test of an error in the calculation.
65. A major issue in verifying the ending balance in property, plant and
medium equipment is the possibility of legal encumbrances. Describe the procedures
that auditors may perform to obtain evidence about existing legal
encumbrances.
Answer:
Auditors may obtain evidence about existing legal encumbrances by:
reading the terms of loan and credit agreements,
mailing loan confirmation requests to banks and other lending
institutions,
inquiring of the client, and
sending letters of inquiry to the clients legal counsel.
66. Describe the audit procedures used to verify the accuracy and detail tie-in
medium objectives for prepaid insurance.
Answer:
The accuracy objective is tested by verifying the total amount of the
insurance premium, the length of the policy period, and the allocation of
the premium to unexpired insurance. The amount of the premium for a
given policy and its time period can be verified simultaneously by
examining the premium invoice or the confirmation from an insurance
agent. Once these two have been verified, the clients calculations of
unexpired insurance can be tested by recalculation. The schedule of
prepaid insurance can then be footed and the totals traced to the
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general ledger to complete the detail tie-in tests.
67. What are the auditors two main objectives in the audit of the ending
medium balance in accumulated depreciation?
Answer:
1. Accumulated depreciation as stated in the property master file must
agree with the general ledger. This objective can be satisfied by test
footing the accumulated depreciation or the property master file and
tracing the total to the general ledger.
2. Accumulated depreciation in the master file must be correct.
68. Explain allocation and why it is important to have accurate allocation within
medium the financial statements.
Answer:
Allocation is the process of assigning a portion of the cost of an asset to
a product or a period. For example, calculating and then recording
depreciation expense is an allocation process. It is important to
determine when an expenditure is an asset or a current period expense so
that the financial statements are fairly stated.
Answer:
There are usually fewer current period acquisitions of property,
plant, and equipment than current assets.
The amount of any given acquisition is often material.
The equipment is likely to be kept and maintained in the accounting
records for several years.
Because of these three differences, the emphasis in auditing property,
plant, and equipment is on the verification of current period acquisitions
rather than on the balance in the account carried forward from the
preceding year. In addition, the expected life of assets over one year
requires depreciation and accumulated depreciation accounts, which
are verified as a part of the audit of the assets.
70. State each of the seven specific balance-related audit objectives for
challenging property, plant, and equipment additions and, for each objective, describe
one common test of details of balances.
Answer:
Current-year acquisitions in the acquisitions schedule agree with
related master file amounts, and the total agrees with the general
ledger (detail tie-in). Foot the acquisitions schedule.
Current-year acquisitions as listed exist (existence). Physically
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examine assets.
Existing acquisitions are recorded (completeness). Examine
vendors invoices of closely related accounts such as repairs and
maintenance to uncover items that should be property, plant, and
equipment.
Current-year acquisitions as listed are accurate (accuracy). Examine
vendors invoices.
Current-year acquisitions as listed are properly classified
(classification). Examine rent and lease expense for capitalizable
leases.
Current-year acquisitions are recorded in the proper period (cutoff).
Review transactions near the balance sheet date for proper period.
The client has rights to current-year acquisitions (rights and
obligations). Examine vendors invoices.
71. Discuss the key internal controls related to the disposal of property, plant,
challenging and equipment.
Answer:
The most important internal control over the disposal of property, plant,
and equipment is the existence of a formal method to inform
management of the sale, trade-in, abandonment, or theft of recorded
machinery and equipment. Another important control to protect assets
from unauthorized disposal is a provision for authorization for the sale
or other disposal of property, plant, and equipment. Finally, there should
be adequate internal verification of recorded disposals to make sure
that assets are correctly removed from the accounting records.
72. When auditing disposals of property, plant, and equipment, the search for
challenging unrecorded disposals is essential. State the four audit procedures frequently
used for verifying disposals.
Answer:
Review whether newly acquired assets replace existing assets.
Analyze gains and losses on the disposal of assets and
miscellaneous income for receipts from the disposal of assets.
Review plant modifications and changes in product lines, taxes, or
insurance coverage for indications of deletions of equipment.
Make inquiries of management and production personnel about the
possibility of the disposal of assets.
73. Discuss the key internal controls over existing fixed assets that affect the
challenging auditors extent of testing of fixed assets acquired in prior years.
Answer:
Important controls include the use of a master file for individual fixed
assets, adequate physical controls over assets that are easily movable,
assignment of identification numbers to each plant asset, and periodic
physical count of fixed assets and their reconciliation by accounting
personnel. A formal method of informing the accounting department of
all disposals of fixed assets is also an important control over the
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balance of assets carried forward into the current year.
74. Discuss the key internal controls for prepaid insurance that affect the
challenging auditors extent of testing of the prepaid insurance account.
Answer:
Important controls include proper authorization for new insurance
policies and payment of insurance premiums consistent with the clients
payment procedures. A record of insurance policies in force and the due
date of each policy is an essential control to make sure that the
company has adequate insurance at all times. The control should
include a provision for periodic review of the adequacy of the insurance
coverage by an independent qualified person. The detailed records of
the information in the insurance register should be verified by someone
independent of the person preparing them. A closely related control is
the use of monthly standard journal entries for insurance expense.
77. Completeness and existence are the auditors primary objectives in auditing
easy manufacturing equipment.
a a. True
b. False
79. The primary characteristic that distinguishes property, plant, and equipment
easy from inventory, prepaid expenses, and investments is the intention to use
b property, plant, and equipment as a part of the operations of the clients
business and their expected life of approximately one year.
a. True
b. False
81. The auditor should keep in mind that the amount in insurance expense is a
easy residual amount.
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a a. True
b. False
82. The realizable value audit objective is not applicable when auditing prepaid
easy insurance or insurance expense.
a a. True
b. False
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84. The least common audit test to verify current period acquisitions of
medium property, plant, and equipment is examining vendors invoices and receiving
b reports.
a. True
b. False
86. The most important audit objective for depreciation expense is accuracy.
medium a. True
a b. False
88. Tests of the cutoff objective for prepaid insurance are rarely performed by
medium auditors.
a a. True
b. False
89. In auditing the current year acquisitions of property, plant and equipment,
medium all balance-related audit objectives except realizable value and disclosure
a are used as a frame of reference.
a. True
b. False
90. While analytical procedures are commonly used when auditing balance
medium sheet accounts, they are rarely used when auditing income statement
b accounts.
a. True
b. False
92. The auditors review of current year acquisitions cutoff is normally done as
medium part of accounts payable cutoff tests.
a a. True
b. False
93. The auditors tests for proper cutoff of current year acquisitions of property,
medium plant, and equipment are usually done as part of accounts payable cutoff
a tests.
a. True
b. False
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94. In deciding the useful life of an asset, the companys policy is relatively
medium unimportant.
b a. True
b. False
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95. The audit procedure foot the schedule of fixed assets acquisitions and trace
medium the total to the general ledger relates most closely to the accuracy
b objective for fixed assets acquisitions.
a. True
b. False
96. Confirmations are commonly used to verify additions of property, plant, and
medium equipment.
b a. True
b. False
99. The approach to auditing patents and copyrights is more similar to that used
challenging for current assets than the approach used for property, plant, and
b equipment accounts.
a. True
b. False
102. In the audit of accrued property taxes, the two most important balance-
challenging related audit objectives are completeness and accuracy.
a a. True
b. False
103. Typically, analytical procedures are the primary means of verifying income
challenging statement accounts resulting from allocations.
a a. True
b. False
104. When auditing acquisitions of property, plant, and equipment, the auditors
challenging review of lease and rental agreements most closely relates to the cutoff
b objective.
a. True
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b. False
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